1、第一册Unit 16 Scientists at workI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器 高考须掌握的词汇:1experimental 2apply 3comfortable 4conductor 5electricity 6pmof 7active 8doubtful 9conclude 高考须掌握的短语:1a 2deal 3on 4out 5make考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三一、重点词汇1charge vt使充电;要(价);控告;攻击eg: It usually takes ten hoursto get the condenser fully ch
2、arged将习B个蓄电器充满通常要十个小时。 They charged me five doIlars for a cup ofEoffee他们一杯咖啡向我要价5美元。 The frightened animal charged into the toy shop那只受了惊吓的动物冲进了玩具店。相关链接:charge n负责;掌管 用法拓展:free of charge免费的 be in charge of负责/掌管 be in/underthe charge of被/由管理考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分考题1 (典型例题y doctorwho is kept the nurse。has iIl
3、 since last week Ain the charge of:fallen Bin charge of:been Cin the charge of:been Dtake charge of:faIlen考题1点拨:答案为c。从时间状语sinee last week可看出,瞬时动词fall不能与之连用可排除A、D项;in charge of负责,掌管In the charge of在的负责/掌管下,be kept inthe charge of sb一直处在某人看管下。2prove vt证明;证实eg: As it happened,my advice proved(to be)wro
4、ing随着事情的发展,我的意见证实是错的。 He has proved his courage in battIe他已在战争中证明了自己的勇气。特别提醒:prove可用作系动词,后接(to be)+n/adj/of+抽象 n等。 eg:Perhaps this book wiIl prove(to be)of some use to you in your study也许这本书会对你的研究有用处。考题2 (典型例题)On the long journey,Peter a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time. A. practi
5、sed B. behaved C. proved D. conducted考题2点拨;答案为c。prove作系动词,句意为:“在长途旅行中,彼得证明是个很有趣的导游,我们都过得很愉快。”3tear vtvi撕扯;撕裂;撕毁eg:He tore the letterinto pieces他把信撕碎了。 This paper tears easily这纸容易撕破。 。相关链接:tear n眼泪,泪水tearful adj含泪的;哭泣的用法拓展:dry/wipe away ones tears擦干泪水 burst into tears突然哭起来 in tears含泪/流着眼泪tear sthinto
6、 pieces把撕碎 tear sthopen把撕开/扯开tear down拆除拆毁 tear sthfrom/off/OUt of sth将从上撕下/分开特别提醒:tear作名词时,读作tla;作动词时读作teo过去式与过去分词为 考题3 (典型例题Did you enjoy the book? Yes。it was so interesting that I could hardly it Aget rid of Bbreak away ftom Ckeep away from Dtear myself away ftom考题3点拨;答案为D。get rid of摆脱;break away
7、 from脱离;keep away from远离,不接近;tear oneself away from使自己与分开,句意为:“这本书如此有趣以至于我几乎难以释手。”4SenSe n感觉;感官;意义,道理;辨识力eg: He is a successful man with good business sense 他是一个有生意眼光的成功的人。 Havent you got enough sense to come in out of the rain? 难道你不懂得进来避雨吗?用法拓展:common sense常识 the sense of duty/time/humor/direction责
8、任感/时间观念/幽默感/方向感 rnflke sense有意义讲得通 in a sense就某种意义(或某方面)来说考题4 (典型例题)-Why is Jack always playing? He has no of time. A sense B. idea C. effect D. feeling 考题4点拨;答案为A。sense在句中含义为“观念。意识”;idea想法,主意;effect效果。作用feeling感觉。句意为:“为什么杰克老是玩?他没有时间观念。”二、重点短语5pick out挑出;辨别出eg: Can you pick out your sister in this c
9、rowd?你能在这群人中认出你妹妹吗?用法拓展:piek on挑选;选中pick over仔细挑选pick up拾起;收听到;取物,接人;获得;加速;(使)重新开始/振作考题5 (典型例题)Will you this passage to see if there is any misprint? A. pick out B. make up C. go over D. look into考题5点拨;答案为c . pick out挑出,辨认出;make up弥补,配制,化妆;go over,夏习,仔细检查;look into调查。只有c项符合句意。6make use of sb/sth使用或利
10、用某人/某物eg: We should make moreuse of this new teehnology我们应当更多地使用这项新技术。用法拓展:use的前面可以加上形容词进行修饰。 make full use of充分利用make good use of好好利用特别提醒:make use of sth变为被动语态时,可有两种结构:sth be made use of或者use be made of sth如考题6。考题6 (典型例题)Such good use has been his spare time his EngliSh has im proved a lot.A. made
11、of; that B. made of; as C. made in; that D. found in; as考题6点拨:答案为A。句式上来讲是suchthat句型,运用了make use of sth的其中一种变化形式use be made of sth。句意为:“他的业余时间被如此好地利用以至于他的英语水平提高了很多。”7be made up of由组成/构成 eg:The team is made up of ten people这个小组由十个人组成。用法拓展:be made of由制成(看得出原材料) be made ftom由制成(看不出原材料) be made into把制成 b
12、e made in在制造 make up弥补;拼凑;调制;化妆mflkeout of由制成考题7 (典型例题分) The driver be- gan to speed up to for the hour hed lost in thetraffic jam. A. keep up B. take up C. catch up D. make up考题7点拨:答案为D。make up for the hour弥补时间。句意为:“司机开始加速来弥补他在交通阻塞中耽搁的时同。”8protect sb/sthfrom/against sth保护某人/某物免受eg:Use the umbrella
13、to protect yourself from/ against the rain用这把伞,别被雨淋着。考题8 (典型例题He was wearing dark glasses to his eyes from the sun. A. stop B. prevent C. keep D. protect考题8点拨:答案为D。protect his eyes from the sun使眼晴免受阳光照射。三、重点交际用语 9Well,in my opinion,its a waste of money嗯,在我看来这是浪费金钱。 在口语中,Its a waste of money/time/ene
14、rgy(这是浪费金钱/时间/精力。)是用来表达对某事评价的一个常用句型。考题9 (典型例题)Its waste of money for them to build such a building. A. the B. a C. / D. an考题9点拨:答案为B。Its a waste of money to do sth干某事是一种金钱上的浪费。四、重点句型 10To do the experiment you need four things为了做这个试验你需要准备四样东西。 to do the experiment不定式作状语,位于句首,常表示目的。 eg: To get enough
15、 vitamins,Mrs Smith has an apple every morning 为了获得足够的维生素,史密斯夫人每天早上吃一个苹果。考题10 (典型例题 分)-Why are you in such a hurry? - there as soon as possible. A. To get B. Got C. Getting D. Get考题10点拨:答案为A。不定式表目的。句意为:“为什么你这么匆忙?为了尽快赶到那里。”五、词语辨析11close,closely close可作形容词或副词作副词时意为“近接近,靠近”;cIosely是副词,意为“密切地”。 eg: He i
16、s my cIose friend他是我亲密的朋友。(close为形容词) They stood close to use an umbreIla together他们站得很近,共用一把伞。 You must watch closely on duty值班时你必须密切注意。考题11 We kept a watch on the enemy in case they got to us at night. A. close; closely B. closely; close C. close; close D. closely; closely考题11点拨:答案为C。keep a close
17、watch on密切注意(close作形容词用);get close to sb靠近/接近某A(close作副词用)。语法归纳 精通规则 游刃有余构词法合成词由两个或更多的词合成一个词的方法,叫合成法。构成方式:1用连接符号“-”连接。 eg: goodlooking相貌好看的 easy-going易相处的 peaceloving爱好和平的 newly_built新建的 washing-machine洗衣机2直接将几个词写在一起。 eg:fingerprint手印/指纹 watermelon西瓜toothache牙疼 classroom教室 silkworm蚕3由分开的两个词构成。 eg: b
18、lood test验血 water pipe水管post offiice邮局 French fries炸薯条考题1 He said he had seena _. Do you believe it? A. four-eye-fish B. four-eyed fish C. four-eye fish D. four-eyes fish考题2 (典型例题)_ _ must have seen what had happened on the street. A. One of passers-bys B. One of passers-by C. One of the passer-bys
19、D. One of the passers-by考题1点拨:答案为B。数词+名词+ed构成形容词,four-eyed四只眼的。再如:three-legged三条腿的。考题2点拨:答案为D。passer-by的复数形式为passers_by。one of后的名词前要有定冠词the,表示划定范围。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究:专题详解: 阅读理解题旨在考查考生的阅读理解能力。NMET考试说明对阅读量、题材有明确的规定,对阅读理解能力的要枣也有较详细的叙述。这些要求主要从七个方面反映到所设计的试题上。1文章的话题 任何一篇文章甚至是一段短文,都会有它的话题或论题,也就是文章所涉及的中心内
20、容。设计问题时,命题人常常会围绕文章的话题发问。这类问题的目的在于考查考生略读文章、领会文章大意的能力。2文章的中心思想(主旨大意、中心观点、基本观点等等)一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心思想展开的。要弄清文章的中心思想考生就必须具备归纳和概括等方面的能力。3文章的细节 命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求,阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。4文章的结构要准确深刻地理解一篇文章,必须对文章的结构有所了解,把握住全篇的文脉。对这种能力的考查一般反映在考文章的中心思想、吱中某一段的大意或指代关系的题目中。 5文章的寓意(或称隐含意义) 、 这类问题要求考生在通盘理解文章的基础上去领会作者
21、的言。外之意。在设计这类问题时,命题人常用“suggest(暗示)或“should(应该)这类词语进行发问。6词义 只知道单词的一个中文意思,不等于完全理解词义。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义,才算得上真正的阅读理解。7根据文章进行推理的能力 在实际阅读活动中,我们有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索,进行逻辑推理,推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。考查此能力的题目一般采用infer(推测)一词,明确告诉考生答题时要进行推理。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回顾1 测试考点 4 (典型例题 分)The manager has got a good business so the
22、company is doing well. A. idea B. sense C. thought D. thinking1B 点拨:a good business sense好的商业意识。句意为:“经理有好的商业意识,所以公司经营得不错”。回顾2 测试考点10 (典型例题 more about university courses, call ( 920 ) 746-3789. A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out2A 点拨不定式作目的状语。VL 2011年高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考
23、情预测预测1:疑问词+不定式结构 预测根据:疑问词+不定式结构,其作用相当于一个名词性从句。在此结构中,不定式的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。这是高考的一个热点,考情预测 年的考题中,疑问词+不定式结构估计会出现。 命题角度预测:疑问词+不定式结构通常会在单项选择或短文改错中出现。考查的角度就在于不定式与主语的逻辑关系。预测2:不定式作目的状语 预测根据:不定式作目的状语并通常置于句首,这个常用句式在口语中浮现率较高,也是高,考要求考生灵活掌握的一个句型。 命题角度预测:不定式作目的状语这一要点的考查通常会在单项选择或听力测试中出现。尤其在听力测试中,会出现省略后半句的现象,应引起考生足够的重视。
24、预测3:表达赞成与反对的交际用语 预测根据:如何表达赞成与反对,是高考大纲要求考生掌握的内容,也是本单元语言功能要求的重点。在交际英语中,这是一个常用的话题,也是高考考查的一个重点。 命题角度预测:表达赞成与反对的交际用语,大多会在听力测试部分进行考查。考生应做到从两个人的对话中推断出说话者表达反对或赞成的意图。预测4:It is a waste of句型 预测根据:lt is a waste of句型涉及到冠词的使用问题,且这是一个常用句型。估计考情预测 年考题中会涉及到此句型的使用。命题角度预测:此句型会在单项选择或短文改错中出现。设题的角度大多会放在冠词的使用上。务必牢记此固定句式。预测
25、5:议论文书面表达 本单元的书面表达实践要求学生写一篇议论文。近几年的高考书面表达中,要求考生对某一个问题发表议论的文章并不少见,这一趋向应引起考生的高度重视。考情预测 年高考书面表达写一篇议论文的可能性较大。设题可能会以图表的方式对某种现象或问题给予提示,考生根据提示,整理归纳后形成文字,发表议论。二、考题预测备考1测试考点1 The taxi driver me 100 yuan for sending me home. A. charged B. asked C. advised D. gave1A 点拨charge sbsome money,for sth因为某事向某人要钱。备考2测试
26、考点 2 What he said proved A. truth B. true C. to truth D. to true2B 点拨 prove用作系动词,后接形容词true作表语,可表示为prove(to be)true。备考3测试考点 4 He has a of humor, and we all like to get on with him. A. knowledge B. sense C. thought D. thinking3B 点拨a sense of humor幽默感。备考4测试考点 5 When he stayed in Paris,he the French lan
27、guage. A. picked up B. picked out C. picked D. picked on4A 点拨pick up在此句中表示“偶然地学会(某种语言技能等)”,pick out挑出,辨认出;pick on挑选,选中。备考5测试考点 6 Such good use has been his spare time that he has made great progress. A. made B. made in C. made of D. made from5C 点拨:make good use of的被动式:good use be made of。句意为:“他把业余时间
28、利用得如此的好以至于取得了很大进步。”备考6测试考点 3 Dont put the pages so hard or they will A. tear B. tore C. open D. close6A点拨:tear意为“撕破”。备考7测试考点 5 She was from thousands of appli-cants for the job. A. pickedout B. looked into c. picked up D. madeup7A 点拨 pick out意为“挑选出”。备考8测试考点 8 The Union was formed to the rights and interests of miners. A. protest B. protect C. keep D. let8B 点拨 protect意为“保护”。备考9测试语法 When and where to build the new factory yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided9A 点拨疑问词+不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数,此结构相当于一个名词性从句,与decide之间构成被动关系。