1、上海市闵行区2021届高三英语一模试题（含解析）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
2、 a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who is the woman speaking to?A. Her good friend.B. Her doctor.C. Her personal trainer.D. Her sports teacher.【答案】B【解析】【原
3、文】M: Well, your blood pressure seems to be fine, and your blood sugar is at a normal level. Have you been going to the gym often?W: Yes, I have my own personal trainer, and she is helpful. Actually, weve become good friends.Q: Who is the woman speaking to?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman sug
4、gest the man do?A. Leave Daisy alone for the time being.B. Go to see Daisy immediately.C. Make an apology to Daisy in person.D. Buy Daisy a new notebook.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Daisy was very angry yesterday because I lost her notebook. I have to see her and say sorry again.W: If I were you, Id let her cool
5、 off a few days before I see her.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. What to prepare for the picnic.B. How to keep the food from being wet.C. Where to have a picnic.D. How the weather is the next day.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: How is it looking
6、for our picnic tomorrow? Ive got the food from the shop. Are we going to get wet?M: The forecast says itll be a bit windy but I dont think the food will be blown away.Q: What are the speakers talking about?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man feel?A. Exhausted.B. Thirsty.C. Dizzy.D. Senseless.【答案】C
7、【解析】【原文】M: Emmy, everything seems to be rolling before my eyes. It must be the exposure to the strong heat of the Sun.W: Youd better lie back still for a while. Take it easy for the rest of the day and stay in the shade. Its too hot today.Q: How does the man feel?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the m
8、an mean?A. He is likely to arrive earlier than Susan.B. He is too busy to attend the party.C. Susan is unlikely to go to the party.D. Its up to Susan to make the decision.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: Mike and I are having a party next Saturday. We wonder if you and Susan would be free to join us.M: Sounds great!
9、 But Id better talk to Susan before we say yes.Q: What does the man mean?6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean?A. A lot of students need help.B. Joining a tutoring group is rewarding.C The woman should spare time on study.D. The woman has tutored for a long time.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Im thinking of
10、joining a tutoring group to help the students in need, but I have to spend much of my spare time.M: It does take up your spare time, but it pays off in the long run.Q: What does the man mean?7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man say about his uncle?A. He often complains.B. He is worried about every
11、thing.C. He is a happy man.D. He always causes troubles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Im sorry I have caused your uncle so much trouble.M: Dont worry about it. He is never happy unless he has something to complain about.Q: What does the man say about his uncle?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the mans problem be sol
12、ved?A. Hell get a similar T-shirt.B. He will get a new T-shirt for free.C. Hell get his money back.D. He can complain to the manager.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Id like to talk to someone about the T-shirt. It has shrunk to half its original size.W: Sorry about that. Weve had a lot of complaints about the T-shi
13、rts. Dont worry, youll be fully refunded.Q: How will the mans problem be solved?9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the woman eager to know?A. How well the camera functions.B. How to use the camera correctly.C. How to get the pictures printed.D. How the pictures will turn out.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: You look excit
14、ed. Whats up?W: I took some pictures of the flowers with my new camera. I cant wait to get them printed and see if they are as good as I thought.Q: What is the woman eager to know?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we infer from the conversation?A. The exam had little to do with the book.B. The man coul
15、d hardly finish the exam.C. The exam questions were too difficult.D. The man found the questions confusing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Your exam is over, isnt it? Why arent you cheerful?M: I dont know. It isnt that the questions were too hard, but I feel uncertain when I find the book we read doesnt seem to cov
16、er the questions.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but
17、 the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. According to the passage, what do cats do before a storm?A. Come down from
18、high places.B. Hide themselves in holes.C. Search for shelters.D. Run around impatiently.12. According to the passage, how can birds sense the coming of a storm?A. By feeling a decrease in air pressure.B. By noticing the change of wind directions.C. By feeling a drop in air temperature.D. By observi
19、ng the behaviors of other animals.13. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Birds and Signs of a Storm.B. Air Pressure and Weather Change.C. Animals Sharp Senses.D. Weather Signs from Animals.【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D【解析】【原文】Animals are good weather predictors because of their
20、highly developed senses. Before a storm, dogs may sense the change in air pressure, causing them to bark and make an attempt to seek shelters. Cats act almost in the same way. Mice and deer are also good weather indicators. Field mice come out of their holes and run around. Deer leave high ground an
21、d come down from the mountains.Birds are especially good weather indicators because they also show the effect of air pressure drop in many ways. For example, some birds become extremely excited and quarrelsome and will fight over a piece of bread. Other birds sing noisily just before a storm. It see
22、ms they know they wont get another chance for an hour or two. Birds also seek safe places before a storm. You will sometimes see birds settling in trees or gathering together on a wire close to a building. Pre-storm low pressure makes the air so thin that birds have difficulty flying. It is unusual
23、to see many birds flying overhead in the summertime, rather than during the periods in the spring or autumn. Watch for other weather signs if you see this. If they fly in the wrong direction, they may be flying ahead of a storm.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. How do some French companies guarant
24、ee employees after work life?A. By forcefully sending them home.B. By automatically deleting after-work emails.C. By banning the use of the email systems.D. By shortening the working hours.15. Why cant many employees in Spain take a Siesta?A. Because of the low working efficiency.B. Because of the t
25、ight break time.C. Because of the extended working hours.D. Because of the poor family conditions.16. What is the passage mainly about?A. Strategies to protect private life.B. Policies to raise working efficiency.C. Ways to use work emails effectively.D. Measures to guarantee personal life.【答案】14. C
26、 15. B 16. D【解析】【原文】Officials in some countries are encouraging people to switch off at the end of the working hours. A new labour law says French companies must guarantee a right to disconnect from emails outside office hours. Some French companies have already put rules in place to prohibit employ
27、ees from using their email systems. These measures are designed to ensure respect for balance between work and family and personal life. In its neighboring country Spain, the government is considering reducing Spains long workday by two hours and shifting clocks back an hour to the countrys original
28、 time zone. The 11-hour day currently includes a break for a siesta, which literally means a rest or nap. However, many employees dont take a siesta because they are unable to return home in the afternoon. In Germany, the employment ministry prevents its managers from contacting staff during off-hou
29、rs, and major companies, including Volkswagen and BMW, have adopted the policy. In 2014, automaker Daimler began automatically deleting emails sent to employees on vacation. Similar employee health protection measures are also introduced to Asian countries. In Japan, Tokyos governor has ordered muni
30、cipal employees to finish work by 8 p.m. to fight against karoshi, or “death from overwork.” Lights are turned off, and anyone found at their desk is sent home.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What is the man mainly worried about?A. The long working hours.B. The choice of the jobs.C. His inabil
31、ity to hold the job.D. The low salary offer.18. What do we know about the man from the conversation?A. He prefers teaching to doing administration.B. He is unable to meet the requirement of the comprehensive school.C. He might be turned down for being too young.D. He wants to sign a long-term contra
32、ct.19. What does the woman think of the job at the comprehensive school?A. Lowly paid but secure.B. Time-consuming and tiring.C. Varied and interesting.D. Flexible but demanding.20. What can we infer form the conversation?A. The man is likely to take the comprehensive school job.B The woman suggests
33、 the man wait for better offers.C. The man is in favour of the technique school position.D. The woman has a low opinion of the comprehensive school.【答案】17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A【解析】【原文】W: You seem to be worrying about something? Is it the job stuff?M: Exactly. Ive got two job offers, one from a techni
34、que school, and the other from an comprehensive school.W: What do they offer you?M: Well, the technique school is offering a two-year contract which could be renewed, but the comprehensive school is only offering a years contract. It could be renewed, but you never know whats really going to happen
35、one year later.W: I see. The comprehensive school job is less secure. But I dont think you have to worry about steady jobs as a newly graduate.M: Thats true. Im only 23.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the comprehensive school pays much better in the short term. Ill be getting about $ 42,000 a ye
36、ar there, but only $ 30,500 at the technique school. But then the hours are different. At the comprehensive school, Id have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administration, while the technique school is only asking for 25 hours teaching.W: Mmm, can you describe the jobs a little further?M:
37、The technique school is all adults who are mainly preparing for working certificates. The comprehensive school wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of childrens classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that soun
38、ds much more varied and interesting. And Id imagine you would be doing quite a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, with the technique school position, Id be stuck in the school all day.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage belo
39、w, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that
40、each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining _21_ we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments, it is necessarily true that we
41、must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering _22_ (consider) a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoying his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature, and _23_ is respe
42、cted because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that _24_ some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider _25_ unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of succ
43、ess. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but _26_ one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set ones goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who _27_ (experience) frustration with h
44、is own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one _28_ be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances
45、 for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and _29_ which you have given your best effort.”Whatever you define success, remember, we are born to live the lives we truly want and deserve, but not just the lives _30_ (settle) for us.【答案】21. whether / if 22. is consider
46、ed 23. who 24. even though 25. themselves 26. if 27. was experiencing 28. can 29. to 30. settled【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了成功的定义，介绍了不同的人对成功的不同定义。告诉我们无论你如何定义成功，都要记住，我们生来要过我们真正想要和应得的生活，而不仅仅是为我们设定的生活。【21题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：准确地说，我们每个人都有自己的成功概念，在某种程度上，我们每个人都有责任设定自己的目标，并确定我们是否满意地实现了这些目标。此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether
47、 / if引导。故填whether / if。【22题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：对一些人来说，只要能把痛苦和苦难降到最低就算是成功了。句子陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering，谓语动词用单数。故填is considered。【23题详解】考查定语从句。句意：想想一个可怜的牧羊人，他平静地照料着他的羊群，和他的家人一起享受着大自然的美丽，他因为出色地完成了他和他的社会所期望和接受的目标而受到
48、尊敬。此处为定语从句修饰先行词shepherd，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。【24题详解】考查状语从句。句意：另一方面，似乎即使一些人看起来在物质财富上很富有，但从自己的成功目标来看，很多人似乎很痛苦，认为自己不成功。引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even though引导。故填even though。【25题详解】考查代词。句意：另一方面，似乎即使一些人看起来在物质财富上很富有，但从自己的成功目标来看，很多人似乎很痛苦，认为自己不成功。根据语境，此处指“认为他们自己不成功”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。【26题详解】考
49、查状语从句。句意：因为并不是所有的冒险都能成功，一个人不应该为获得成功而设定不切实际的目标，但是如果一个人有自信的话，把目标设定得太低就很不幸了。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。【27题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一位睿智的咨询师曾对一位因自己的职业成功而却遭遇挫折的年轻人说：“你不必为了旅行的成功就去设定登月的目标。有时，只要在公园里散散步，或者在市中心乘地铁，就能算是非常成功。”结合语境，描述过去一段时间正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，且定语从句中谓语动词与先行词man保持一致，应用单数。故填was experiencing。【28题详解】考查情态动词。句意：一位睿智的咨询师
50、曾对一位因自己的职业成功而却遭遇挫折的年轻人说：“你不必为了旅行的成功就去设定登月的目标。有时，只要在公园里散散步，或者在市中心乘地铁，就能算是非常成功。”后文be为动词原形，可推知应填情态动词，表示“能够”应用can。故填can。【29题详解】考查介词。句意：这位顾问补充道：“除非你在自己真正喜欢的事情上失败了，并为此付出了最大努力，否则你并没有真正失败，也没有毁掉成功的机会。”此处为“介词+关系的代词”结构定语从句，表示“为付出最大努力”可知短语为give ones best effort to。故填to。【30题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你如何定义成功，请记住，我们生来要过我们真正
51、想要和应得的生活，而不仅仅是为我们设定的生活。分析句子结构可知settle在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语lives构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填settled。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. learnedB. processesC. reviseD. createE. parallelF
52、. availableG. barrierH. capturedI. objectiveJ. finishedK. flowingIve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing _31_ greatly. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. Whil
53、e you need to employ both to get to a final result, they cannot work in _32_ no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing while it is still in progress is most possibly the single greatest _33_ to writing that most of us meet with. If you are listening to that 5th grade E
54、nglish teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to seize a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to _34_ first and then criticize if you want to make
55、writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your _35_ bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the _36_ is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 1520 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing.
56、 The goal is to get the words _37_. As the words begin to go smoothly, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be _38_ on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded to sit on the side and watch q
57、uietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad they are. Halfway through your _39_ time, stop an
58、d rework your raw writing into something closer to a(n) _40_ product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.【答案】31. B 32. E 33. G 34. D 35. A 36. I 37. K 38. H 39. F 40. J【解析】这是一篇说明文。在没有老师的情况下写作这本书极大地帮助了作者写作。创造性思
59、维和批判性思维是有区别的。虽然你需要同时使用这两种方法才能得到最终的结果，但是不管我们怎么想，它们都不能同时工作。文章主要介绍了一些写作方法。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：在没有老师的情况下写作这本书给我介绍了一种区别和一种实践，这极大地帮助了我的写作过程。此处作宾语，结合句意表示“过程”应用名词process，且为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数。故填processes。故选B。【32题详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然你需要同时使用这两种方法才能得到最终的结果，但是不管我们怎么想，它们都不能同时工作。结合句意表示“同时工作，并行的”可知短语为in parallel。故填parallel。故选E
60、。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：试着在写作还在进行的时候就批评它，这很可能是我们大多数人在写作时遇到的最大障碍。空处作表语，结合上文the single greatest以及句意表示“障碍”可知应用单数名词，barrier，故填barrier。故选G。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：如果你想让写作成为思考的工具，你必须首先学会创造，然后批判。结合句意表示“创造”应用动词create，且上文为短语learn to do sth.，故填动词原形。故填create。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：这种练习可以帮助你改掉形成的边写边编辑的坏习惯，Elbow称之为“自由写作”。修饰后文名词habi
61、ts，表示“形成的”应用形容词learned，作定语。故填learned。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：在自由写作中，目标是不间断地在纸上写下单词，通常是15分钟到20分钟。空处作主语，表示“目标”应用名词objective，结合后文is可知应用单数。故填objective。故选I。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目标是让文字流动起来。结合句意表示“流动”动词为flow，此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，word与flow构成主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填flowing。故选K。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：当文字开始流畅，想法就会从阴影中浮现出来，把他们记录在你的记事本或屏幕
62、上。结合语境可知此处表示“将文字记录在记事本或屏幕上”应用动词capture，且与themselves构成被动关系，应填过去分词。故填captured。故选H。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：在你能用的时间进行到一半的时候，停下来把你的原始作品重新写一遍，使之接近于成品。修饰后文名词time，表示“能用的，可获得的”应用形容词available。故填available。故选F。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：在你能用的时间进行到一半的时候，停下来把你的原始作品重新写一遍，使之接近于成品。修饰后文product，表示“成品”应用形容词finished，作定语。故填finished。故选J。III
63、. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For centuries, people have had a strong sense that it is absolutely beneficial to read fairy
64、 tales to children. However, the benefits might have been _41_. Some researchers are reassessing this long-established belief and after years of surveys and observations, they are sending out the message: reading too much Cinderella to your daughter may _42_ damage her in later life. A paper to be d
65、eveloped at the international congress of cognitive psychotherapy (认知心理疗法) suggests a link between the _43_ of women abused (虐待) by their partners and early exposure to the wrong sort of fairy tales. It says girls who _44_ Cinderella, Rapunzel and Beauty in Beauty and the Beast were more likely to s
66、tay in _45_ relationships as adults.The theory was developed by Susan Darker Smith, a psychotherapist at the University of Derby. She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one _46_severe abuse because they believed they could change their partners with patience and love
67、. The same view was _47_ by male survivors who had been abused as children. Hardly any of the women and men in a control group, who had not _48_ abuse, thought they could change their partners in this way. These women and men said they would _49_ a relationship rather than suffer the abuse from a pa
68、rtner. Ms. Darker Smith found that these abused women were much more likely to sympathize with Cinderella and other female characters who tended to obey instead of _50_.Although most girls heard the stories, damage appeared to be done to those who _51_the characters as role models. “They believe if
69、their love is strong enough they can change their partners _52_,” she said. “_53_ in children to stories that emphasize the transformational qualities of love may make women believe they can change their partners.” For example, they might never have understood the obvious _54_ in the story of Rapunz
70、el, who remained locked in a high tower until rescued by a knight on a white horse, who broke the door down. “The question,” said Ms. Darker Smith, “is why she did not break the door by herself? After all, being _55_ is a desirable characteristic that children should learn to possess from the early
71、age and prevail in the life time. ”41. A. enhancedB. overestimatedC. highlightedD. justified42. A. physicallyB. intellectuallyC. academicallyD. emotionally43. A. attitudeB. conflictC. uncertaintyD. coincidence44. A. acted asB. identified withC. turned toD. accounted for45. A. imaginaryB. deceivingC.
72、 destructiveD. mysterious46. A. made up forB. had control overC. fell off intoD. put up with47. A. sharedB. disclosedC. contrastedD. argued48. A. explodedB. challengedC. undergoneD. blamed49. A. restoreB. leaveC. restrictD. survive50. A. resistingB. enduringC. concealingD. adapting51. A. excludedB.
73、revealedC. imposedD. adopted52. A. prejudiceB. fateC. behaviorD. ignorance53. A. OverexposureB. ContributionC. AccessD. Commitment54. A. plotB. conclusionC. moralD. weakness55. A. confidentB. independentC. innocentD. optimistic【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52.
74、 C 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述读了太多的灰姑娘之类的故事，年轻的女孩子可能会在生活中她的情感健康会受到损害。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些好处可能被高估了。A. enhanced 加强；B. overestimated 高估；C. highlighted 强调；D. justified公平对待。由上一句“For centuries, people have had a strong sense that it is absolutely beneficial to read fairy tales to chi
75、ldren. (几个世纪以来，人们一直有一种强烈的感觉，那就是给孩子们读童话绝对是有益的。)”可知很久以来人们认为给孩子读童话是有益的，结合下文“Some researchers are reassessing this long-established belief and after years of surveys and observations, they are sending out the message: reading too much Cinderella to your daughter may 2 damage her in later life.(一些研究人员正在重
76、新评估这种由来已久的观点，经过多年的调查和观察，他们发出了这样的信息:给女儿读太多灰姑娘的故事，可能会在日后的生活中对她的感情造成伤害。)”可知读童话对孩子绝对是有益的这件事情可能被高估了，故选B项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些研究人员正在重新评估这种由来已久的观点，经过多年的调查和观察，他们发出了这样的信息:给女儿读太多灰姑娘的故事，可能会在日后的生活中对她的感情造成伤害。A. physically 身体上地；B. intellectually 智力上地；C. academically 学术上地；D. emotionally情感上地。由下文提到的“(a link between
77、 the 3 of women abused (虐待) by their partners and early exposure to the wrong sort of fairy tales. )被伴侣虐待的女性的态度与过早接触错误的童话故事之间存在联系。”和“ It says girls who 4 Cinderella, Rapunzel and Beauty in Beauty and the Beast were more likely to stay in 5 relationships as adults.(该研究称，与灰姑娘、长发公主和美女与野兽中的美女相似的女孩成年后更有可
78、能处于有害的恋爱关系之中。)”可知给女孩读太多灰姑娘的故事会对她日后的情感上造成伤害，故选D项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇即将在认知心理治疗国际大会上发表的论文表明，被伴侣虐待的女性的态度与过早接触错误的童话故事之间存在联系。A. attitude 态度；B. conflict 冲突，斗争；C. uncertainty 不确定性；D. coincidence 巧合，一致。根据下文“She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one 6severe abuse because th
79、ey believed they could change their partners with patience and love. (她采访了67名遭受虐待的女性幸存者，发现其中61人能够忍受严重的虐待，因为她们相信，只要有耐心和爱，她们就能改变伴侣。)”以及“Ms. Darker Smith found that these abused women were much more likely to sympathize with Cinderella and other female characters who tended to obey instead of 10.(史密斯女士
80、发现，这些受虐女性更有可能同情灰姑娘和其他倾向于服从而不是反抗的女性角色。)”可知被伴侣虐待的女性处理被虐待这件事的“态度”与过早接触错误的童话故事之间存在联系。故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：该研究称，与灰姑娘、长发公主和美女与野兽中的美女相似的女孩成年后更有可能处于有害的恋爱关系之中。A. acted as 作为；B. identified with 认为等同于，相似；C. turned to 转向，向求助；D. accounted for对负有责任，说明的原因，导致。由下文“Ms. Darker Smith found that these abused women we
81、re much more likely to sympathize with Cinderella and other female characters who tended to obey instead of 10.(史密斯女士发现，这些受虐女性更有可能同情灰姑娘和其他倾向于服从而不是反抗的女性角色。)”可知成年后更容易处于有害的恋爱关系中的女孩与灰姑娘，长发公主和美女与野兽中的美女相似，故选B项。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究称，与灰姑娘、长发公主和美女与野兽中的美女相似的女孩成年后更有可能处于有害的恋爱关系之中。A. imaginary 虚构的，假想的；B. dece
82、iving 欺骗性的；C. destructive 有害的，毁灭性的；D. mysterious 神秘的。根据下文“She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one 6severe abuse because they believed they could change their partners with patience and love. (她采访了67名遭受虐待的女性幸存者，发现其中61人能够忍受严重的虐待，因为她们相信，只要有耐心和爱，她们就能改变伴侣。)”可知她们成年后所处的恋
83、爱关系是有害的，故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她采访了67名遭受虐待的女性幸存者，发现其中61人能够忍受严重的虐待，因为他们相信，只要有耐心和爱，他们就能改变伴侣。A. made up for 弥补；B. had control over 能控制；C. fell off into 跌落到；D. put up with忍受。由“(because they believed they could change their partners with patience and love. (因为她们相信，只要有耐心和爱，她们就能改变伴侣。)”可知她们选择了忍受虐待，故选D项。【47
84、题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在儿童时期遭受虐待的男性幸存者也持有同样的观点。A. shared 分享，共享；B. disclosed 公开，揭露；C. contrasted 比较，对比；D. argued 争辩。由“the same view(同样的观点)”可知，他们“共享”观点，故选A项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在没有遭受虐待的对照组中，几乎没有人认为他们可以通过这种方式改变自己的伴侣。A. exploded 爆炸；B. challenged 挑战；C. undergone 经历；D. blamed 责备。上文讲述的是遭受过虐待人们的观点和做法，而此处讲述的是没有“经历过”
85、被虐待的人持不同的观点和做法，故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些女性和男性表示，他们宁愿离开一段感情，也不愿忍受伴侣的虐待。A. restore 恢复；B. leave 离开；C. restrict 限制；D. survive 存活。由“Hardly any of the women and men in a control group, who had not 8 abuse, thought they could change their partners in this way.(在没有遭受虐待的对照组中，几乎没有人认为他们可以通过这种方式改变自己的伴侣。)”以及“ r
86、ather than suffer the abuse from a partner. (也不愿忍受伴侣的虐待)”可知他们会选择离开这段感情，故选B项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯女士发现，这些受虐女性更有可能同情灰姑娘和其他倾向于服从而不是反抗的女性角色。A. resisting 抵抗；B. enduring 忍耐；C. concealing 隐藏，掩饰；D. adapting 适应。由灰姑娘的屈服特点和“obey(服从)”可知对比的动作是“反抗”，故选A项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然大多数女孩都听说了这些故事，但那些以这些人物为榜样的女孩似乎受到了伤害。A.
87、 excluded 排除；B. revealed 透露；C. imposed 欺骗，强加；D. adopted 收养，采用。由下文“Overexposure in children to stories that emphasize the transformational qualities of love may make women believe they can change their partners.(让孩子们过度接触强调爱情转变特质的故事，可能会让女性相信她们可以改变伴侣。)”可知过度接触这类故事的女孩，会把角色当成榜样，认为自己可以像角色一样改变伴侣，但最终会受到伤害。短语
88、 adopt sb as role model表示“以某人为榜样”，故选D项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她们相信，如果她们的爱足够强烈，她们就能改变伴侣的行为，”她说。A. prejudice 偏见，侵害；B. fate 命运；C. behavior 行为；D. ignorance 无知，愚昧。由上文“She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one 6severe abuse because they believed they could change their partn
89、ers with patience and love. (她采访了67名遭受虐待的女性幸存者，发现其中61人能够忍受严重的虐待，因为她们相信，只要有耐心和爱，她们就能改变伴侣。)”可知她们相信只要有耐心和爱，她们就能改变伴侣虐待她们的行为，此处的行为指的是“abuse(虐待)”，故选C项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让孩子们过度接触强调爱情转变特质的故事，可能会让女性相信她们可以改变伴侣。A. Overexposure 过度接触；B. Contribution 贡献；C. Access 方法，途径；D. Commitment 承诺。由上文“ A paper to be develop
90、ed at the international congress of cognitive psychotherapy (认知心理疗法) suggests a link between the 3 of women abused (虐待) by their partners and early exposure to the wrong sort of fairy tales. (一篇即将在认知心理治疗国际大会上发表的论文表明，被伴侣虐待的女性的态度与过早过度接触错误的童话故事之间存在联系。)”中提到被伴侣虐待的女性的态度与过早过度接触错误的童话故事之间存在联系可知，过度接触强调爱情转变特质的
91、故事会让女孩们相信自己可以改变伴侣，故选A项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，他们可能永远不会理解长发公主的故事中明显的弱点，她一直被锁在一个高塔上，直到一个骑着白马的骑士把门砸开才获救。A. plot 情节，图表；B. conclusion 总结；C. moral 道德，寓意；D. weakness 弱点，缺点。由下文“The question,” said Ms. Darker Smith, “is why she did not break the door by herself? (“问题是，”史密斯女士说，“为什么她没有自己破门?”)”可知长发公主没有自己破门而出，这是她
92、的一个弱点，故选D项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，独立是一种理想的性格，孩子们应该从小学习拥有，并在一生中盛行。A. confident 有信心的；B. independent 独立的；C. innocent 无辜的；D. optimistic 积极的。通读全文可知，过早过度接触类似于灰姑娘这类具有屈服忍让性格特点的角色的童话故事的女孩们，很容易在感情上受到伤害，结合前文举出“长发公主”不能自己破门，只有骑着白马的骑士的解救她才得以解脱，但这是一个弱点，由此最后总结，理想且孩子们从小就应具备的并且要应用于一生的性格应是独立，故选B项。Section BDirections:
93、Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For the residents of Flint, M
94、ichigan, USA., the burden of the ongoing water crisis can be measured in weight. Few outside of Vehicle City can tell you how much a 24-pack of bottled water weighs. But in Flint, they can recite it from memory: 26 1/2 lb.For more than a year, many Flint residents have been making the daily journey
95、to distribution centers to load up on cases of water for virtually every basic chore: bathing, brushing teeth, making dinner. Twelve months ago, the city government decided to switch the water supply to the Flint River, which allowed lead and other toxins from the citys aging pipes to flow into resi
96、dents taps. Although the state government has provided $200 million to solve the problem, the water in Flint remains unsafe to drink without a filter. But there are halting signs of progress.The city has since switched its water source back to Detroits properly treated supply, and test results have
97、started showing signs of normalcy. Marc Edwards, the Virginia Tech environmental engineer says Flints water is no less safe than other sources around the nation. “Theres no reason to believe the water in Flint is any more dangerous than other U.S. cities,”Edwards says.However, some residents cast do
98、ubt on those results. Melissa Mays, a Flint resident and organizer of Water You Fighting For? A local advocacy group, says she still breaks out in rashes and wants more tests from showers and water heaters for bacteria like Legionella, an outbreak of which has killed 12 people around Flint since Apr
99、il 2014. “We feel like were right back at the beginning,” Mays says.As the state tries to decide who should be responsible for the crisis, the city is working to replace its old lead pipes. But only 700 of Flints 30,000 lead service lines have been dug up and replaced. Overhauling them all will requ
100、ire far more than the $27 million the state has provided. “Its a shame that its taken this long,” says Mayor Karen Weaver, who was elected in the wake of the crisis. “The bottom line is that we need and deserve new pipes.”But even with new infrastructure (基础设施), the real challenge in Flint may be re
101、storing public confidence in the face of immeasurable distrust.56. The author mentioned the numbers in the first paragraph to _.A. call people to pay attention to the problem of water securityB. indicate the effect of the water problem on the people of FlintC. highlight the good memory of the averag
102、e people of FlintD. urge the government to financially help people of Flint57. What should be responsible for the water problem in Flint?A. Insufficient water supply equipment.B. Shortage of financial aid.C. The unhealthy source of water.D. Local peoples improper lifestyle.58. From the passage we kn
103、ow that _.A. the water supply in Flint has been switched back.B. the pollution in the Flint River is out of controlC. residents in Flint were convinced of the water safetyD. the water crisis has caused several deaths so far59. Which of the following might the author agree with?A. The residents exagg
104、erated the negative impact of the water crisis.B. The government officials are wrongly blamed for the water crisis.C. The residents should share the cost of improving the water supply system.D. The government should reassure people of its reliability.【答案】56. B 57. C 58. A 59. D【解析】本文为说明文。本文讲述了美国弗林特市
105、的生活用水安全问题及治理措施。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“For the residents of Flint, Michigan, USA., the burden of the ongoing water crisis can be measured in weight(对于美国密歇根州弗林特市的居民来说，持续的水危机的负担可以用重量来衡量).”和第二段第一句“For more than a year, many Flint residents have been making the daily journey to distribution centers to load u
106、p on cases of water for virtually every basic chore: bathing, brushing teeth, making dinner(一年多来，许多弗林特居民每天都要前往配送中心，为几乎每一项基本家务洗澡、刷牙、做饭准备一箱箱的水).”可知，弗林特遭遇水危机，为了生计，他们不得不前往配送中心去取水，作者在第一段中提到的数字表明了水问题对弗林特人的影响，故选B。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Twelve months ago, the city government decided to switch the water supply t
107、o the Flint River, which allowed lead and other toxins from the citys aging pipes to flow into residents taps(12个月前，市政府决定将供水转向弗林特河，这使得该市老化管道中的铅和其他毒素流入居民的水龙头).”可知是不健康的水源导致了弗林特的水问题，故选C。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The city has since switched its water source back to Detroits properly treated supply, and test re
108、sults have started showing signs of normalcy(该市已经将水源重新转向经过妥善处理的底特律供水，检测结果也开始显示出恢复正常的迹象).”可知，弗林特的供水已被调回，故选A。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But even with new infrastructure (基础设施), the real challenge in Flint may be restoring public confidence in the face of immeasurable distrust(但即使有了新的基础设施，弗林特的真正挑战可能是在难以估量的不信任
109、面前恢复公众信心).”可知，作者认为政府应该努力让人们相信它的可靠性，以恢复公众信任。故选D。(B)Interested in learning simple moves which can lead to a less stressed-out you? Join our eight-week course of training Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction. Below is a brief introduction of our four strategies to build the ability to recover from stress
110、.For many of us, work can be so mentally exhausting that its possible to forget that we have an entire body attached to our head. The body-scan meditation is a chance to help you tune in to the tiny pains that we often dont even notice. It can last anywhere from one to 20 minutes, and its easy to do
111、 while lying in bed. Heres how to do it: lie down or sit still in a chair with your eyes closed, and begin to sense every part of the body in turn, starting at your toes and traveling up from there. Its a good way for us to release tension we dont even realize were experiencing.Mindfulness isnt all
112、closed eyes and a statue-still position. Stretching too, can be meditation. Mindful movement is also a way to pay attention. The point isnt to twist into a complex body position, but to better understand the bodys limits and potential. Cycle through slow, gentle poses, like placing a knee to your ch
113、est while lying on your back, or a simple cat-cow (pictured) on all fours. Before you start, set aside a few minutes to calm down and focus on your breath. And once youre done, spend a few moments lying flat on your back with your muscles relaxed.Simply breathing while paying attention to the breath
114、 is the heart of any mindfulness practice. The goal isnt to clear the mind but to let thoughts pass like clouds without getting sucked into what they might mean. Rather than identifying with a thought or getting caught up in it, the participant notices the thought and then says goodbye to it. That w
115、ay, people can have a little bit more freedom in how to respond to internal stimuli like their thoughts. To cultivate awareness of the breath, find a relaxed seat and noticewithout thinking about it or trying to change ithow you breathe in and out. Build up to a 15-to-20-minute practice.Walking is a
116、 good framework for practicing mindfulness. (Ideally, this should be done without the pressure of having to get anywhere on a particular schedule.) Find a quiet place inside or outdoors to take your stroll. While you walk, focus on each small, slow step: the lifting of one foot, the heel-first trans
117、fer of weight, the shift to the other. Every time your foot hits the ground, bring your attention to your breath and the feelings in your body. Walking meditation is more manageable than, say, sitting still in the dark, and it can also alleviate pain in the process. Try to practice mindful walking,
118、at any pace, for 10 to 30 minutes.60. Gentle Yoga and Breathing Exercise are similar in that both of them _.A. involve stretching bodies considerablyB. call for controlling peoples breathC. empty pressure from mind temporarilyD. help people reduce body movement61. According to the passage, which of
119、the following is NOT true?A. People can do their walking meditation at their own pace.B. Doing body scan can let go of the unnoticed tension.C. Before doing gentle yoga, people need to lie down and relax muscles.D. Breathing exercise requires people to breathe in a usual way.62. Which of the followi
120、ng can be inferred from the passage?A. Warming up activity is required before doing these exercises.B. These exercises are better functioned when done indoors.C. The more time you spend on the exercises, the better result you get.D. Your body keeps in a motionless state when doing body scan.【答案】60.
121、B 61. C 62. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为了减轻压力的训练课程中包含的四种策略方法。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据Gentle Yoga部分 “Before you start, set aside a few minutes to calm down and focus on your breath.”（在你开始之前，花几分钟时间冷静下来，专注于你的呼吸。）以及Breathing Exercise部分 “Simply breathing while paying attention to the breath is the heart of any mindfulness
122、 practice.” （在注意呼吸的同时简单地呼吸是任何正念练习的核心。）可知，舒缓瑜伽和呼吸训练一样，都要求控制好呼吸。故选B项。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据Gentle Yoga部分 “Before you start, set aside a few minutes to calm down and focus on your breath. And once youre done, spend a few moments lying flat on your back with your muscles relaxed.”（在你开始之前，花几分钟时间冷静下来，专注于你的呼吸。完成后
123、，平躺一会儿，放松肌肉。）可知，在做完瑜伽后才需要平躺一会儿，放松肌肉，而不是在做瑜伽之前，C项表述错误。故选C项。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据Body Scan部分 “Heres how to do it: lie down or sit still in a chair with your eyes closed.”（方法如下：躺下或一动不动地坐在椅子上。）可推知，在进行身体扫描冥想活动时，身体需要处于一动不动的静止状态。故选D项。(C)The story of the emperors new clothes is one of Andersens best-known fables.
124、 Conmen (骗子) fool the emperor into believing they have made him a fabulous suit that the unworthy will be unable to see. Courtiers (侍从) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious.The moral is that people are often too hidebound by social tradition to state thei
125、r views. How many companies have ploughed ahead with expensive projects that were favoured by the chief executive, even when other managers have had doubts?People from different backgrounds approach problems from different anglesthat much should be blindingly obvious. It is not just about selecting
126、people for teams from both sexes and various ethnicities. Hire only Cambridge politics graduates or Harvard MBAs or Stanford software engineers and they will have studied under the same professors and absorbed similar world views regardless of their gender or skin colour.In the modern world, with al
127、l its complexity, co-operation is essential if breakthroughs are to be made. In science and engineering, 90% of papers are now written by teams rather than individuals. Analysis of American patent fillings since 1975 showed teams dominate in every one of the 36 defined categories.There is another el
128、ement to selecting a good team: ensuring that those viewpoints are heard and respected. That may not happen if those in charge are overbearing. A study of over 300 projects by the Rotterdam School of Management found that those led by junior managers were more likely to succeed than those led by sen
129、ior managersmaybe because other team members were less scared about pointing out potential dangers to someone lower down the pecking order (权力等级).The ability to speak up within an organization, without fear of punishment, is known as “psychological safety”. Mr. Syed cites a study of teams at Google,
130、 which found that self-reported psychological safety was by far the most important factor behind successful teamwork at the technology giant.One way to overcome shyness while brainstorming, for instance, is for everyone to write down their ideas but ensure their names are never known. That way, opin
131、ions about thoughts are less closely tied to the seniority of the thinker and can be tested against each other with less fear or favour.63. The author mentioned one of Andersens best-known fables to _.A. confirm the popularity of Andersens fablesB. argue childrens wisdom over adultsC. indicate the i
132、mportance of different opinionsD. make fun of the foolishness of some people64. By using the word “hidebound” the author is referring to those who _.A. close themselves to a fixed mindB. pay more attention to others behaviorC. advocate traditional way of thinkingD. hesitate to participate in team ac
133、tivities65. According to the passage, which of the following makes an effective team?A. Employing graduates from the same excellent university.B. Appointing senior managers with the right of leading a team.C. Establishing a team with people of various backgrounds.D. Hiring people assembling their ch
134、ief executives in thoughts.66. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Co-operation and teamwork contribute to the complexity of the world.B. The less identity a person releases the more he is ready to air views.C. Viewpoints from different perspectives are likely to cause conflic
135、ts.D. There exists the danger of pecking order in a team led by junior managers.【答案】63. C 64. A 65. C 66. B【解析】本文为议论文。短文谈论鼓励各抒己见于公司有利。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The story of the emperors new clothes is one of Andersens best-known fables. Conmen (骗子) fool the emperor into believing they have made him a fabul
136、ous suit that the unworthy will be unable to see. Courtiers (侍从) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious.”皇帝的新衣故事是安徒生最著名的寓言之一。骗子愚弄皇帝，让他相信他们已经为他做了一套神话般的西装，不配的人是看不到的。朝臣不敢说皇帝是赤身裸体的，明摆着要孩子来指点。第二段“The moral is that people are often too hidebound by social traditi
137、on to state their views(这个道理是人们常常受社会传统的束缚而不能发表自己的观点).”可知，作者提到安徒生的著名寓言皇帝的新衣来说明不同意见的重要性，故选C。【64题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Courtiers (侍从) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious. (朝臣不敢说皇帝是裸体，只有孩子才能指出显而易见的事实。)”，可知皇帝的新衣寓意是指人们常常受社会传统的束缚而“墨守成规”，不去发表自己的观点，选项A. close themselves
138、 to a fixed mind符合题意，故选A。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“People from different backgrounds approach problems from different anglesthat much should be blindingly obvious. It is not just about selecting people for teams from both sexes and various ethnicities. Hire only Cambridge politics graduates or Harvard MBAs
139、 or Stanford software engineers and they will have studied under the same professors and absorbed similar world views regardless of their gender or skin colour. (来自不同背景的人会从不同的角度看待问题，这应该是显而易见的。当然，不仅仅是根据不同性别和不同种族来挑选团队成员（尽管实际如此）。如果一家公司只聘用剑桥大学政治系毕业生（或哈佛大学工商管理硕士、或斯坦福大学软件工程师），虽然他们有着不同的性别和肤色，但他们将在相同的教授的指导下
140、学习，并将有着相似的世界观。).”由此判断出，建立一个由不同背景的人组成的团队才是一个有效的团队，故选C。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段“The ability to speak up within an organization, without fear of punishment, is known as “psychological safety”(在一个组织内，不惧怕惩罚而畅所欲言的能力被称为心理安全)”和最后一段“One way to overcome shyness while brainstorming, for instance, is for everyone t
141、o write down their ideas but ensure their names are never known. That way, opinions about thoughts are less closely tied to the seniority of the thinker and can be tested against each other with less fear or favour(例如，在团队开展头脑风暴时，克服羞怯的一个办法是让所有人写下自己的想法，但确保匿名。如此一来，团队成员看待想法时就不会那么多地考虑提出者的资历，因而能较为不偏不倚地对比检
142、验这些想法).”可知，一个人暴露的身份越少，他就越愿意发表意见。故选B。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are You a Prisoner of Perfection?Do you struggle for a goal that
143、is beyond your reach? Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize? Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you cant achieve the unachievable? _67_Shame and fear are often the hidden drives of perfection. We believe that if we fashion a perfectly polished personality,
144、 flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and well win respect and approval.For the majority of us, the addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect. _68_ We fear that showing shortcomings will expose us to the accusation tha
145、t were weak. We stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when its obvious that the emperor has no clothes.Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. Were constantly evaluating ourselves in order to be better. Theres nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcti
146、ng along the way. _69_ We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too serious. Sadly, the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves are taken away from us.A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings.We realize that failing at any enterprise doesnt mean
147、 that we are a failure. Without failures, well never learn from our mistakes; well never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. _70_ Being human, perfection is impossible. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid of the shame that drive
148、s perfectionism.A. By definition, perfection is the state of mind which drives us to move forwards.B. However, if we cant relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism.C. To some extent, your answers to these questions reveal your personalities as well as your attitu
149、de towards life.D. We often display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty.E. The important thing is to learn from our error, forgive ourselves and move on.F. Understanding what drives perfection is the first step toward releasing this self-created obstacle th
150、at keeps us stuck.【答案】67. F 68. D 69. B 70. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了导致完美主义心理的原因及危害，并给出了如何治愈完美主义心理的方法。【67题详解】第一段通过三个问句的形式列举的事例恰好属于F项中提到的“self-created obstacle（自创的障碍）”，第二段第一句“Shame and fear are often the hidden drives of perfection.（羞耻和恐惧往往是追求完美的隐藏驱动力。）”中的the hidden drives of perfection与选项F中的“what drives pe
151、rfection（驱动追求完美的力量）”相呼应，故F选项“理解是什么驱动着完美，这是我们摆脱自我制造的阻碍的第一步。”切题。故选F项。【68题详解】第三段句首的“the addiction to staying perfect（对保持完美的痴迷）”与D项中的“a desperate need to be right（一种对正确的迫切需要）”意义相近；而D项中的“mistakes or uncertainty（错误或不确定性）”也正是第三段句首提出的“any sign of being imperfect（任何不完美的迹象）”的具体表现。D项内容是对前一句内容的进一步解释。故D选项“我们常常表现
152、出一种对正确的迫切需要，拒绝承认错误或不确定性”切题。故选D项。【69题详解】空前的“Theres nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way.（想要做到最好并在过程中自我纠正并没有错。）”对追求完美的行为进行了肯定，而空后的“We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too serious.（我们会痛苦地感到难为情，把自己看得太严肃。）”却指出了追求完美的消极后果，显然设空处需填入表示转折和过渡的句子，B项句首的“Howeve
153、r”起到了转折的作用，且该项内容也指出了完美主义的消极后果。故B选项“然而，如果我们不能放松和享受轻松的时刻，那么我们就会成为完美主义的囚徒。”切题。故选B项。【70题详解】最后一段空前的“Those who succeed have made countless mistakes.（成功的人犯过无数的错误。）”，设空处应解释“成功的人是如何在犯了无数错误之后仍然取得成功的”，选项E中的内容既解答了这个疑问，又与前文“Without failures, well never learn from our mistakes; well never move forward in our live
154、s.（没有失败，我们就永远不会从错误中吸取教训;我们的生活永远不会向前。）”说法一致，故E选项“重要的是从错误中吸取教训，原谅自己，继续前进”切题。故选E项。IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Perhaps youve heard the old sayin
155、g “curiosity killed the cat.” Its a phrase thats often used to warn people, especially children, not to ask too many questions. Yet its widely agreed that curiosity actually makes learning more effective. In fact, research has shown that curiosity is just as important as intelligence in determining
156、how well students do in school.Curiosity can also lead us to make unexpected discoveriesand open up new possibilities. In science, basic curiosity-driven research can have unexpected important benefits. For example, one day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing around with a coil (线圈) and a magnet (磁
157、铁) when he suddenly saw how he could produce an electrical current. The discovery changed the world.However, curiosity is currently under the biggest threat, coming from technology. On one level, this is because technology has become so advanced that many of us are unable to think too deeply about h
158、ow exactly things work anymore.In addition to this, theres the fact that we all now connect so deeply with technology, particularly with our phones. The more we stare at our screens, the less we talk to other people directly. All too often we accept the images of people that social media provides up
159、 with. Then we feel we know enough about a person not to need to engage further with them.The finaland perhaps most worryingway in which technology stops us from asking more has to do with algorithms, the processes followed by computers. As we increasingly get our news via social media, algorithms f
160、ind out what we like and push more of the same back to us. That means we end up inside our own little bubbles, no longer coming across new ideas. Perhaps the real key to developing curiosity in the 21st century, then, is to rely less on the tech tools of our age.【答案】Curiosity determines ones academi
161、c performance and can lead to new discoveries. However, technology seriously endangers curiosity . It prevents people from thinking deeply and engaging with each other . Worst of all, it keeps feeding us what it thinks we like instead of exposing us to new ideas. Therefore, to develop curiosity, we
162、need to rely less on technology. (57 words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好奇心在人们学习新知识和发现新事物方面的促进作用，并指出现代技术的日益发达对人们好奇心的消极影响。【详解】1 要点摘录Curiosity is just as important as intelligence in determining how well students do in school.Technology has become so advanced that many of us are unable to think too deeply ab
163、out how exactly things work anymore.Then we feel we know enough about a person not to need to engage further with them.As we increasingly get our news via social media, algorithms find out what we like and push more of the same back to us.Perhaps the real key to developing curiosity in the 21st cent
164、ury, then, is to rely less on the tech tools of our age.2.缜密构思： 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合，将第5个要点作为总结。 3.遣词造句 Curiosity determines ones academic performance and can lead to new discoveries.Technology prevents people from thinking deeply and engaging with each other .Technology keeps feeding us what
165、 it thinks we like instead of exposing us to new ideas.We need to rely less on technology.【点睛】高分句型1 It prevents people from thinking deeply and engaging with each other . 运用一个简单句对原文第三段和第四段进行了概括。其中prevent sb. from doing sth.这个固定短语的运用显得很高级。thinking和engaging两个动名词作from的宾语。高分句型2 Worst of all, it keeps fe
166、eding us what it thinks we like instead of exposing us to new ideas. 用一个复杂的主从复合句概括了第五段内容。其中what引导宾语从句、固定短语instead of和expose sb. to sth.的使用非常巧妙。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 游客不仅能品尝这里的美食，还能免费观看地方戏曲。(free)（汉译英）【答案】Vi
167、sitors can not only taste the delicious food here , but also enjoy the free local opera . .【解析】【详解】考查not only , but also 并列结构。“游客”译为：visitor，因为不止一名游客，所以要用复数形式；情态动词can表示“能”，“品尝美食” 译为：taste the delicious food，“免费观看地方戏曲”译为：enjoy the free local opera。not only和 but also需放在情态动词之后，实义动词之前，故整句翻译为：Visitors ca
168、n not only taste the delicious food here , but also enjoy the free local opera.73. 长辈们常不厌其烦地叮嘱我们要趁年轻多学本领，勤读书。(while) （汉译英）【答案】The elders repeatedly tell us to obtain more skills and study diligently while we are young .【解析】【详解】考查状语从句、短语和时态。此处为while引导的时间状语从句，从句为“主系表”句型，时态为一般现在时；主句主语为the elders，表示“长辈们
169、”；表示“告诉某人做某事”短语为tell sb. to do sth.，副词repeatedly修饰动词tell，作状语；表示“多学本能”可翻译为obtain more skills；表示“勤读书”可翻译为study diligently，主句用一般现在时。故翻译为The elders repeatedly tell us to obtain more skills and study diligently while we are young.74. 如果沉溺于虚拟世界，疏于人际交流，你会感觉与周围的一切格格不入。(addict) （汉译英）【答案】If you addict yoursel
170、f to the virtual world and neglect interpersonal communication , you will find it hard to adapt yourself to the things around you .【解析】【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句中表示“沉溺于”短语为addict oneself to sth.；表示“虚拟世界”短语为virtual world；表示“疏于人际交流”可翻译为neglect interpersonal communication；主句中主语为you，后跟“find it
171、+adj+to do sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语；此处“感觉与周围的一切格格不入”可理解为“难以适应”用短语hard to adapt oneself to；主句应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故翻译为If you addict yourself to the virtual world and neglect interpersonal communication , you will find it hard to adapt yourself to the things around you .75. 这部电影制作成本低，既无大牌明星出镜，也无复杂的故事情节
172、，但主人公对故乡深深的依恋之情令观众动容。 (neithernor) （汉译英）【答案】Although this was a low-cost film , with neither famous stars (in it) nor complicated plot , the audience was greatly moved by the deep love of the main character to his hometown .【解析】【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。本句为although引导的让步状语从句，从句为“主系表”结构，同时使用with表伴随，描述过去发生的事情
173、应用一般过去时，表示“制作成本低”可用形容词low-cost，作定语修饰名词film；结合句意表示“既不也不”短语为neithernor；表示“大牌明星”可翻译为famous stars；表示“复杂的故事情节”可翻译为complicated plot；主句中主语为名词audience，与谓语动词move构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数；表示“主人公”短语为main character；表示“对故乡深深的依恋之情”可翻译为the deep love to hometown。故翻译为：Although this was a low-cost film
174、, with neither famous stars (in it) nor complicated plot , the audience was greatly moved by the deep love of the main character to his hometown .VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李华。你们班级将要召开一次由全体家
175、长和学生共同参加的家长会，为此正在征求本次家长会的主题和主要的活动。请你发邮件给班长，提出你设计的活动主题和主要活动安排，并简要说说主题和活动的意义。【答案】Dear monitor, Its almost the end of our high school years. I would like to call for a class meeting with the topic “For our dreams”. All the students and out teachers will take part in it. For one thing the college entran
176、ce examination is coming and we will be apart, which may have a bad effect on our mind. We will hold a warm discussion about our future life. Each of us speak at the meeting actively. Besides, we also will show our sincere thanks to our teachers. They have been devoting themselves to helping us in s
177、tudy and life. Teachers hope that we can still study hard in the future and come back to high school often. After the discussion, we will all decide to study hard as usual and hope that we all can do well in the college entrance examination.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给班长写封邮件，提出你设计的活动主题和主要活动
178、安排，并简要说说主题和活动的意义。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：你们班级将要召开一次由全体家长和学生共同参加的家长会，为此正在征求本次家长会的主题和主要的活动。请你发邮件给班长，提出你设计的活动主题和主要活动安排，并简要说说主题和活动的意义。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）the end of; call for; take part in; college entrance examination; have a bad effect on; warm dis
179、cussion; each of; sincere thanks; devote oneself to doing sth.; in the future; decide to; do well in; 第三步：连词成句1.Its almost the end of our high school years. 2. I would like to call for a class meeting with the topic “For our dreams”.3. All the students and out teachers will take part in it.4. For on
180、e thing, the college entrance examination is coming and we will be apart, which may have a bad effect on our mind.5. We will hold a warm discussion about our future life.6. Each of us speak at the meeting actively.7. Besides, we also will show our sincere thanks to our teachers.8. They have been dev
181、oting themselves to helping us in study and life.9. Teachers hope that we can still study hard in the future and come back to high school often.10. After the discussion, we will all decide to study hard as usual and hope that we all can do well in the college entrance examination.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注
182、意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：Besides3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 For one thing, the college entrance examination is coming and we will be apart, which may have a bad effect on our mind. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Teachers hope that we can still study hard in the future and come back to high school often. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
