1、Nelson Mandelaa modern heroBook 1 Unit 5话题词汇 1.achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩 2.ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的 3.background n.背景 4.characteristic adj.典型的；独特的 5.contribution n.贡献 6.outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的 7.outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的 8.have a gift for对有天赋 9.be enthusiastic about对热心 10.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事 晨背佳作 积累素材
2、 话题佳作 请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物。姓名：Allan Stewart 国籍：澳大利亚 出生日期：1915年3月7日 世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大 学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：1936年获得 第二个学位：医学博士 第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。参考词汇：硕士学位masters degree；博士doctor 佳作欣赏 Here is a legendary Australian named Allan Stewart，who was born onMa
3、rch 7,1915.He holds such an amazing attitude towards learning that oneis never too old to challenge oneself.He has attained 4 degrees，the first ofwhich was obtained in 1936.After getting his second degree，Doctor ofMedicine，Mr.Stewart decided to take up law in his eighties and in 2006 hesucceeded in
4、winning his third degree，which led him to set a world recordof being the oldest holder of a masters degree.He was awarded the fourthdegree in 2012 by learning online.And he earned praise from his teachersfor making good use of his study time in a proper and reasonable manner.名师点睛 本文有机整合题目所提供的信息，通过简朴
5、的语言和合理的行文顺序把写作要点准确地表达出来。文中过去分词短语作定语、定语从句等高级句式和诸如never too old to.，take up，succeed in doing.，set a worldrecord，make good use of等短语的综合运用，使得语言富于变化，增强了文章的表达效果。自主排查 语境提升直击重点 突破考点内容索引 教材升华 综合运用自主排查 语境提升.写作必记单词 1.n.品质；质量；性质 2.adj.积极的；活跃的 3.vt.献身 adj.忠实的；深爱的 4.adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的 n.和平 quality重点单词 1 activedevote
6、devotedpeacefulpeace5.vt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决 6.vt.进攻；抨击；攻击 7.adj.相等的；平等的 8.adj.乐意的；自愿的 9.vi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；(气体、液体等)泄漏 10.vi.请求；乞求 11.n.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏 12.n.意见；看法；主张 voteattackequalwillingescapebegrewardopinion.阅读识记单词 13.mean adj._ 14.generous adj._ 15.self n._ adj.自私的 adj.无私的；忘我的 16.found vt._ 17.princi
7、ple n._ 18.lawyer n._ 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的慷慨的；大方的自我；自身selfishselfless建立；建设法则；原则；原理律师19.guidance n._ 20.president n._ 21.legal adj._ adj.非法的 22.violence n._ 23.educate vt._ adj.受过教育的；有教养的 24.relative n._ 25.sentence vt._ 指导；领导总统；会长；校长；行长法律的；依照法律的illegal暴力；暴行教育；训练educated 亲戚；亲属判决；宣判语境活用 用所给词的正确形式填空 1.He did no
8、t compromise easily，but was(will)to accept anyconstructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏)2.(hope)that gives you a good start.Let cooking and livingsimply be a joy rather than a burden.(2014新课标全国)3.Project ORBIS also aims at promoting(peace)cooperationamong countries.(2014江西)4.She plans to start
9、a(found)for homeless children and wantsto build a community centre in Waterhouse.(2016江苏)willingHopefullypeacefulfoundation5.Stay in(act)communication with your friend.(2016浙江)6.Practise under the(guide)of some experienced writers andteachers who can help you with basic writing skills.(2014湖南)active
10、guidance1.失业 2.事实上 3.使充气；爆炸 4.在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 5.求助于；致力于 6.丧失勇气或信心 7.上台；当权 高频短语 2out of workas a matter of fact/in factblow upin troubleturn tolose heartcome to power8.设立；建立；搭起 9.被判处(徒刑)10.在某人看来 set upbe sentenced toin ones opinion语境活用 运用上述短语完成片段 The situation has become worse and worse since the n
11、ew government 1.(上台；执政).I am 2.(失业)；I dontknow whom to 3.(求助于).I thought of my headteacher one day，who always encouraged us not to 4.(失去信心)and be hopefulabout the future when we are 5.(处境困难).came to powerout of workturn tolose heartin trouble1.不定式作定语 He was the first man to land on the moon in July
12、1969.1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。仿写 张衡是世界上发明地震仪的第一人。(2016北京)Zhang Heng was the first manthe seismograph.经典句式 3to invent2.where引导定语从句.until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.直到今天我们到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。仿写 我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己我们必须开始采取有效措施来保护环境。(2016北京)we must start taking effective m
13、easures toprotect the environment so as to save ourselves.We have reached a stage where3.“only状语(从句)”引起的倒装.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.直到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。仿写 只有父母和孩子都改变态度，这种不利局面才能改善。(2016上海)Only when both parents and children change their attitudes _ _.can thisunfavorable
14、situation be improved4.the first time引导时间状语从句I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。仿写 我还记得上次你来我们学校参观时，你向我展示了关于那个主题的一些照片。(2016全国)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme you visited our school.the last time直击重点 突破考点边讲边练 突破核心词汇自主训练 突破常考词汇点拨规律 突破经典句型(1)Hes devoted mo
15、st of his time to his painting.他把大部分时间都用来搞绘画创作。(麦克米伦高阶)(2)Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we_ building a harmonious society.只有当我们意识到互相帮助的重要性，我们才能致力于建设一个和谐社会。devote vt.献身于；致力于；专心致志于；把用于 突破核心词汇边讲 边练 be devoted to(1)devote.to.把致力于，专心于的；把用于(2)devoted adj.忠实的，忠诚的 be devoted
16、to致力于，献身于；热爱(3)devotion n.奉献；关照 基础知识训练用devote的正确形式填空(1)He is highly thought of because of histo duty.(2)His life is oneto the people.写作能力提升句式升级(3)He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by thepeople around.，hewaspraisedbythepeople around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearoun
17、d.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)层级训练 devotiondevotedDevoting himself to community activitiesDevoted to community activities(1)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.实际上，当谈到战争的艺术时，蚂蚁无与伦比。(2015安徽)(2)I believe hethe occasion.我相信他能应付这种场合。(3)He is a player.他是个无与伦比的运动员。equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 n
18、.同等的人；相等物 v.与相等，等于；比得上；抵得过 is equal towithout equalbe equal in在方面比得上 be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与相等；胜任 on equal terms在对等的条件下 without equal/have no equal无与伦比 基础知识训练单句语法填空(1)He is equalTom in ability.(2)The two countries had a conversationequal terms.(3)Women are still struggling for true(equal)wit
19、h men.写作能力提升一句多译(4)他能胜任这项工作。Hethe job.(equal)Hethe job.(up to)Hethe job.(fit)Hethe job.(qualified)层级训练 toonequalityis equal tois up tois fit foris qualified to do/for doing(1)Fortunately，Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly beforethe citys bridges closed.幸运的是，娜塔利一家人在城市桥梁关闭前不久就逃到了布鲁克林区。(2016北京
20、)(2)Mike often attempts to _whenever he breakstraffic regulations.无论什么时候违反交通规则，迈克总是设法逃避罚款。escape v.逃脱；逃走；逃避；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏 n.逃脱；逃避；解脱；漏出 escape being fined(1)escape from从逃脱；逃避 escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事(2)a narrow escape九死一生 名师点拨 注意下面两个短语的区别：escape from prison越狱 escape prison逃过牢狱之灾 基础知识训练写出下列句子
21、中escape的汉语意思(1)Im sorry，but your name escapes me.(2)How will we know if theres any gas escaping？_ (3)The cinema allowed people to escape from the depressing realities oftheir lives._ (4)Three people died in the fire，but John escaped through the bedroomwindow._ 层级训练 被遗忘；被忽略流出；泄漏逃避(现实)逃脱写作能力提升一句多译(5)你
22、很幸运逃脱了惩罚。You are lucky to.You are lucky to.escape punishmentescape being punished(1)The students have been working hard on their lessons and theirefforts will be rewarded with success in the end.学生们一直努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会获得成功的。(2016北京)(2)The governmenthimsaving the child.政府因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。reward v.酬谢；奖励，奖赏 n
23、.奖金；回报；报酬 rewardedforreward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏/酬谢某人 reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人 in reward for 为奖赏；为报答 as a reward for作为对的奖赏/回报 词义辨析 reward，award，prize(1)reward作名词表示“赏金，奖励”或一些非金钱的报酬；作动词时则表示“奖励，酬谢”，只能以人或人的行为作宾语。(2)award作名词指“奖品，奖金等”；作动词表示“授予，给予；判给”，可以跟双宾语，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判给某人。(3)prize只能作名词，表示“奖赏，奖金，奖品
24、”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。基础知识训练用reward，award，prize的正确形式填空(1)He wasa scholarship as a，which was also aofhis diligence.写作能力提升一句多译(2)我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。.(reward n.).(reward v.)层级训练 awardedprizerewardI gave him a book in reward for/as a reward for his helpI rewarded him with a book for his help(1)Nobody seems to under
25、stand，I dont know who to turn to.似乎没有人懂这个，我不知道该向谁求教。(朗文词典)(2)They to look after their sick father in the hospital.他们轮流照顾生病住院的父亲。turn to 转身；求助于；致力于；翻到；转向 take turnsturn to sb.for help向某人求助 turn out结果是；证明是；(为看热闹)蜂拥而至 take turns to do./in doing.轮流做 in turn依次；逐个；相应地 by turns 轮流地；交替地 基础知识训练单句语法填空(1)The w
26、eather was mild and rainyturns throughout the week.(2)Thousands of people turnedto watch yesterdays match againstIreland.(3)We are at your service.Dont hesitate to turnus if you have anyfurther problems.(4)He asked each of usturn to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.层级训练 byouttoin写作能力提升一句多
27、译(5)当你处于困境的时候，你可以向我求助。When you are in trouble，.(turn)When you are in trouble，.(ask)you can turn to meyou can ask me for help单句语法填空(1)Trump(vote)the most promising new president of theU.S.A.(2)If we cant agree，well have to voteit.(3)Fearing that most of the citizens votedhim，he wore a smile.(4)A majo
28、rity of staff voted(accept)the offer of an 8%pay rise.vote v.投票，选举，表决；建议 n.选票；投票；表决 突破常考词汇 自主训练 was votedonagainstto acceptvote sb.sth.选出/推举某人担任某职务；表决授奖给某人 vote for投票赞成 vote against投票反对 vote on就投票表决 vote to do.表决做 名师点拨(1)I found Iveyou.(2)My grandfather became fierce when he.(3)Weve kept waiting for
29、 almost an hour.Im beginning to _ _.(4)When you fail，you should never.短语填空 lose heart灰心；泄气；丧失信心 lose heart，lose ones temper，lose ones heart to，lose ones patience lost my heart tolost his temperlose mypatiencelose heart(1)For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something to eat!25天中，她寸步不
30、离她的孩子，甚至不去找东西吃！(2016四川)(2)I caught the bus with only a few seconds.我在离开车只剩数秒时赶上了公交车。句型：不定式作定语 He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。突破经典句型 点拨规律 to spare(1)动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即作后置定语。(2)当被修饰成分前有序数词或形容词的最高级及the only，the very修饰时，常用不定式作定语。(3)to come将来的；to
31、spare剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。(4)一些特定名词，如ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief后，常跟不定式作定语。(5)作定语的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。基础知识训练单句语法填空(1)The captain is the last(leave)the ship.(2)Would you like something(drink)?(3)Volunteering gives you a chance(c
32、hange)lives，includingyour own.单句改错(4)At present，I have a comfortable house to live.层级训练 in to leaveto drinkto change写作能力提升高考小作文(5)许多人都知道居里夫人(Marie Curie)是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士，同时也是第一个两次获此殊荣的人。_ Most people know that Marie Curie is the first woman to win the NobelPrize，and the first person to win it twice.(1)
33、Only in this way can we hold the activity perfectly.只有这样我们才能顺利举行这次活动。(2016全国)(2)Only by saying polite wordsothers.只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好。(2014江西)(3)the truth.只有当他下班回来后，我们才知道真相。句型：“only状语(从句)”引起的倒装.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.直到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。can you get on well withOnly when
34、 he returned from work did we know“only副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。名师点拨(1)“only从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。(2)only修饰主语时不倒装。基础知识训练单句改错(1)Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was amistake.写作能力提升完成句子(2)只有用上你全部的时间和精力，你才能把这项工作做好。Only with all your time and energy.层级训练 didcan you do this
35、 job well(3)只有以这种方式我们才能学好英语。Only in this way.(4)只有知道密码的人才能读到这则信息。(2016全国)Only people who know the keyword.can we learn English wellcan read the message(1)Li Bai expressed his emotions in poems directly every time he wasfrustrated by his unsuccessful career.每当李白官场失意而郁郁寡欢时，他就在诗中直抒胸臆。(2016北京)(2)He paid
36、 back the money he owed us.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。句型：the first time引导时间状语从句 I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。immediately he returned homethe first time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/next/any/last
37、time，immediately，instantly，directly等。名师点拨 for the first time在句中只能作状语，不具有连词功能，不能用来引导状语从句。For the first time，I feel good about myself because Im doingsomething.因为有事可做，我第一次感到身心轻松自在。(2016北京)基础知识训练单句改错(1)Naturally，you were nervous when you went on the platform thefirst time.写作能力提升句式升级(2)I fell in love wi
38、th you the moment I saw you.I fell in love with you.(用as soon as改写)I fell in love with you.(用以-ly结尾的连词改写)层级训练 for as soon as I saw youimmediately/directly/instantly I saw you教材升华 综合运用.教材与语法填空 Elias，a poor black worker in South Africa，said that the time 1._he first met Nelson Mandela was a very diffi
39、cult period of his life.In1952，he went to see Mandela,2.black lawyer，for advice.Mandelawas generous with his time，for which Elias was very grateful.Elias began school at six，but he had to leave school two years later 3.his family couldnt afford the school fees and the bus fare.whenabecauseAs a resul
40、t，he had very little 4.(educate).After trying hard，he got a job in a gold mine.5.，to live in Johannesburg，onehad got to have a passbook.Not having one because he was not born there，he worried about 6.he would become out of work.Then Mandela helped him，telling him how to get the correct papers7._(sta
41、y)in Johannesburg.He became more hopeful about hisfuture and later joined the ANC Youth League 8.(organize)byMandela.Just as Mandela put it，the blacks were so 9.(bad)treatedthat they had reached a stage where they had almost no rights at all.educationHoweverwhetherto stayorganizedbadlyIn 1963，he hel
42、ped Mandela blow up some government buildings.Heknew that only 10.answering violence with violence could they achievetheir dream of making black and white people equal.byTHE REST OF ELIAS STORY You cannot imagine what the name of Robben Island made us afraid.It was a prison from where no one escaped
43、.There I spent the hardest timeof my life.But when I get there Nelson Mandela was also there and hehelped me.Mr.Mandela began a school for those of us who had few learning.howwhichgotlittle.教材与短文改错 He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we shouldhave been asleep.We read books unde
44、r our blankets and usedanything we could find make candles to see the words.I became a goodstudent.I wanted to study for my degree and I was not allowed to dothat.Later，Mr.Mandela allowed the prison guards to join in us.to buteveningsHesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.They were
45、not clever than me，but they did pass theirexams.So I knew I could get a degree too.That made me feel good aboutme.cleverermyself.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于人物介绍)1.作为律师，我热爱我的工作。2.我相信法律面前人人平等。3.在大家处于困境时，我乐意不计报酬为大家提供帮助。4.事实上，很多人就法律问题向我求助。提示：加蓝部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用when引导的时间状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)As a lawyer，I am devoted to my job and I believe all people areequal before the law.Im willing to give a hand without rewards whenpeople are in trouble.As a matter of fact，a lot of people turn to me forlegal advice.本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：
