1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage (教材P7)North_of_England_is_Scotland，where there are many lakes and mountains.苏格兰位于英格兰的北部，有很多湖泊和山脉。【句式分析】North of England is Scotland是一个倒装句，实际上本句的语序为Scotland is on the north of England。当介词on，to，in省略时，冠词一块略去。Switzerland lies(to the)north of Italy.North of Italy li
2、es Switzerland.瑞士在意大利的北边。in，on，to用于方位名词前时，表示两地之间的方位关系。in表示在某范围之内；to表示在某范围之外；on表示“毗邻，接壤”，也可用to代替on。Yunnan Province is/lies in the southwest of China.云南省位于中国的西南部。Japan is/lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东边。Mongolia is/lies on/to the north of China.蒙古位于中国的北边。完成句子我们学校在山的南面。_ is our school.墨西哥位于北美的南部。Me
3、xico is _ North America.加拿大位于美国之北。Canada lies _ the United States.新加坡的北邻是马来西亚。_ Singapore lies Malaysia.【答案】South of the mountainin the south ofto/on the north of(On the)North of be known for因为而出名(教材P7)The city is well known for its shipbuilding.这个城市因为造船而出名。Hangzhou is known for the West Lake.杭州因为西湖
4、而出名。be known for/be known as/be known in/be known tobe known for因而出名，表示出名的原因。be known as作为而出名，表示因为“某身份，地位”而出名。be known in在出名，表示出名的“地区或领域”。be known to对于而言是出名的，表示对应的“人群”。He is known for his novels as a writer to the young in his country.他作为一名作家在他的国家里对于年轻人而言因为他的小说而出名。完成句子张艺谋以他拍的电影而出名。Zhang Yimou _ his
5、film.直到很晚之后，欧洲才知道棉花布料。Cotton material _ Europe until much later.她的仁慈人人皆知。She _ all for her kindness.她作为一名优秀的舞蹈演员而出名。She _ an excellent dancer.【答案】is known forwas not known inwas known towas well known as play an important role in在中起重要作用/扮演重要角色(教材P9)These three festivals play an important role in our
6、 school life.这三个节目在我们的学校生活中起着很重要的作用。plan a part inplay a role in在中起作用/扮演角色He played a role in the film.他在这部电影中扮演一个角色。翻译句子森林在保护环境方面起着重要作用。_他在这部电影中扮演一个重要角色。_【答案】The forest plays an important role/part in protecting the environment.He played one of the greatest roles/parts in the movie. (教材P9)They appe
7、al_to_us students because we can all have fun and benefit a lot from them.这些节日迎合我们学生的喜好，因为我们都能玩得痛快并从中获益很多。(1)appeal to sb.动人心弦；投某人所好；对某人有感染力The film appeals to young people.这部电影投合年轻人的喜好。The magazine is intended to appeal to working women in their 20s and 30s.这本杂志的读者对象是二十几岁到三十几岁的职业女性。appeal to sb.for
8、 sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求appeal to 向申诉appeal for 恳求，呼吁appeal n. 恳求；呼吁；上诉make/launch an appeal 发出呼吁This new CD will appeal to all young listeners.这张新专辑将会吸引所有的年轻听众。The United Nations appeal for a ceasefire(停火)has been accepted by both sides.双方接受了联合国关于停火的呼吁。句型转换We appealed to him for help.We _to him for
9、 help.【答案】made/launched an appeal(2)benefit vt.有益于；有助于；受益It is an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run.这是一项花费很大的投资，但从长远来看，它将对公司有好处。He will benefit from the new way of doing business.他将从经营业务的新方法中获益。benefit from/by.从受益，得益于benefit sb. 对某人有益benefit n. 好处，利益；优势be of (much/
10、great)benefit to sb.be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处be of no benefit to sb. 对某人没有益处for the benefit of. 为了的利益I got a lot of benefit from learning a foreign language.从学习外语中我得到许多益处。That experience was of great benefit to me.那个经验对我很有益处。For the benefit of those people who arrived late，Ill go over the plan aga
11、in.为了那些迟到的人，我将把计划再讲一遍。用benefit短语的适当形式填空The new regulations will _everyone concerned.The warning sign was put there _ the public.He told me that he _ daily exercise.【答案】be of benefit to/benefitfor the benefit ofbenefited from定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的
12、功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语(whose常作定语)等。关系副词有where，when，why等，在定语从句中分别作地点状语、时间状语和原因状语等。一、关系代词的用法比较1that和which(1)that在定语从句中可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，可以代替who，whom，which，但是在下列情况下一般只能用that(作宾语时可以省略)而不用which引导定语从句来指物。先行词被序数词修饰时The first film(that)I saw cant be remembered
13、.我看过的第一部电影记不起来了。先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时This is the most expensive pen(that)I have ever bought.这是我买过的最贵的一支钢笔。先行词是all，everything，something，anything，nothing，none等不定代词时Ill do everything(that)I can to help you.我将尽我所能地帮助你。先行词被the only，the very修饰时The only thing that matters is to find our way home.唯一重要的事是找到回家的路。先行词
14、既有人也有物时Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.请看沿街走上前来的那个人和他的那头驴子。(2)which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。在下列情况下只能用which引导定语从句，而不用that。which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能He had failed in the maths exam，which made his father very angry.他数学考试不及格，这件事让他父亲很生气。 在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which而不用that引导This is the factory
15、in which my brother used to work.这是我哥哥过去工作的工厂。2as与which引导非限制性定语从句的比较(1)as引导非限制性定语从句，可以放在句首而which则不能。As we expected，he performed the task with success.正如我们所期望的那样，他成功地完成了任务。(2)as可用于类似插入语的句式中，例如：as is known to all，as it is，as is said above等，而which不可以。This elephant is like a snake，as anybody can see.谁都看
16、得出，这头大象像一条蛇。(3)在定语从句中，as除了能充当一定的句子成分外，还具有“正如(像)”“由而知”等意义，而which无此义。He agreed to the plan，as we expected.正如我们所预料的，他同意这个计划。3whose与of whom，of which引导的定语从句whose在定语从句中作定语，可指人(的)也可指物(的)，whose指物(的)时常可用of which代替，whose指人(的)时常可用of whom代替。This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.(This is t
17、he scientist the name of whom is known all over the world.)Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.(Nobody wants the house the roof of which has fallen in.)二、关系副词的用法关系副词可以替代先行词是时间、地点、原因的名词，并在句中作状语。1when指时间，代替时间名词，如：time，hour，morning，day，year等，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day when I first
18、 came to the school.我还记得第一天来校的那天。2where指地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place，table，room，spot，house，school等，在定语从句中作地点状语。This is the place where I often park my car.这是我经常停车的地方。3why指原因，其先行词只有表示原因的名词reason，在定语从句中做原因状语。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.请告诉我你没赶上飞机的原因。【提示】关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词关系代词”引导的从句替换。
19、The reason for which/why he refused the invitation is not clear.他拒绝邀请的原因还不清楚。Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born.我出生的地方发生了巨大的变化。I still remember the day on which/when I met my English teacher.我还记得遇到英语老师的那天。学业分层测评(二).单词拼写1Have you taken the test of oral(口头的)English?2O
20、n one occasion(场合)，she called me in the middle of the night.3The children said “Merry(快乐的)Christmas”to their teacher.4She stressed the importance of good teamwork(团队合作)5In my school we hold various(各种各样的)activities.6Athletes from all over the world compete(竞争)for the best award.7There were 7 deaths
21、in the accident，including(包括)2 young women.8We can benefit(从中获益)a lot from exercise.9They need to appeal(启发)to his sense of justice.10Every year we have exhibitions (展览)of students works of art in our school hall.单句语法填空1Between the two buildings stands(stand)a tall pine.2Jiuzhaigou is known(know)for
22、 its beautiful scenery.3Computers play an important role in our daily life.4This new job really appeals to me a great deal.5I hope your holiday will be beneficial (benefit)to you.6The man whom/who/that we have just seen is a famous writer.7They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
23、8Beijing is the place where_(in_which) I was born. 9Is this the reason why_(for_which) he refused our offer? 10I have no idea about the man that/which wrote the article.阅读理解If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language，you will get answers like “Shakesp
24、eare”，“Samuel Johnson” and “Webster”，but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even speak EnglishWilliam the Conqueror.Before 1066，in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.In the westcentral region lived the Welsh，who sp
25、oke a Celtic language，and in the north lived the Scots，whose language，though not the same as Welsh，was also Celtic.In the rest of the country lived the Saxons，actually a mixture of Anglos，Saxons，and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call AngloSaxon (or Old English)，a Germanic l
26、anguage.If this state of affairs had lasted，English today would be close to German.But this state of affairs did not last.In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England.For about a century，French became the official language of England while Old English beca
27、me the language of peasants.As a result，English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German.In some cases，modern English even shows a distinction between upperclass French and lowerclass AngloSaxon in its words.We even have different words for some foods，meat in particular，depe
28、nding on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked，which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming，while the upperclass Normans were doing most of the eating.When Americans visit Europe for the first time，they usually find Germany more“foreign”than Franc
29、e because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does.Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one mans ambition.1The two major languages spoken in what
30、 is now called Great Britain before 1066 were_.AWelsh and ScottishBNordic and GermanicCCeltic and Old EnglishDAngloSaxon and Germanic【解析】根据第二段中的“.who spoke a Celtic language.”和“.who spoke what we now call AngloSaxon (or Old English).”可知C项正确。【答案】C2. Which of the following groups of words are，by infer
31、ence，rooted in French?APresident；lawyer；beef.BPresident；bread；water.CBread；field；sheep.DFolk；field；cow.【解析】根据文章第三段可知，当时的英国，法语是上层社会的语言，而旧式英语是农民阶层的语言。由此可知，只有选项A中的president，lawyer及beef是法语词。【答案】A3Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?AMost advertise
32、ments in France appear in English.BThey know little of the history of the English language.CMany French words are similar to English ones.DThey know French better than German.【解析】由第四段第一句后半句“.because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French do
33、es.”可知，因为法语和英语在书写上很相似，所以美国人认为法语比德语更像英语。【答案】C4What is the subject discussed in the text?AThe history of Great Britain.BThe similarity between English and French.CThe rule of England by William the Conqueror.DThe French influences on the English language.【解析】本文没有讲英国历史，也没有举任何例子说明英语与法语的相似点，更未提及William t
34、he Conqueror的统治史，所以A、B、C三项均不正确。文章末尾指出“.the French influences are all the result of one mans ambition.”。故D项是正确选项。【答案】D.完形填空(2016云南玉溪高三上学期期中)I do a lot of management training each year for the Circle K Company. Among the _1_ we discuss in our classes is the _2_ of quality employees(雇员)“What has caused
35、 you to stay _3_ enough to become a manager？” I asked. After a while a new manager took the _4_ and said slowly, “It was a baseball glove.”Cynthia said she used to _5_ a Circle K clerk job as an interim(临时的)one while she looked for something _6_. On her second day behind the counter, she received a(
36、n) _7_ from her nineyearold son, Jessie. He _8_ a baseball glove for the little League. She _9_ that as a single mother, money was _10_ and her first check would have to go for paying _11_.When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning, Partircia, the store manager asked her to come to her small off
37、ice and handed her a box. “I overheard you _12_ to your son yesterday，” she said, “and I know that it is _13_ to explain things to kids. This is a baseball glove for Jessie. I know you have to pay bills _14_ you can buy gloves. You know we cant _15_ good people like you as _16_ as we would like to;
38、but we do _17_ and I want you to know how _18_ you are to us.”Cynthias story shows vividly that people _19_ more how much a(n) _20_ cares than how much he pays.【语篇解读】本文以经理给 Cynthia 的儿子买棒球手套为切入点来谈论一个公司要留住好员工，就要关心员工，关心员工的生活，而不是给他们多少钱的问题。1A.topicsBproblemsCdifficultiesDlessons【解析】在“我们”的管理培训课上所讨论的应该是 “话
39、题，论题”。【答案】A2A.employingBpraisingCkeepingDimproving 【解析】此题需从全文的整体上去把握。通过阅读全文我们得知，商店经理的所作所为的目的是“留下”高素质的雇员， 因此答案是keeping。【答案】C3A.soonBlongCstrongDcalm【解析】stay long enough“待的时间足够长”。【答案】B4A.positionBdecisionCquestionDadvice【解析】此处是对“我”提出问题的回答，即过了一会后 Cynthia 就以自己的切身体会回答了这个问题。take the question 的字面意思为“接受了这个问
40、题”，也就是“回答了这个问题”。 【答案】C5A.takeBchangeCloseDconsider【解析】take the job as“做工作”。【答案】A6A.lighterBeasierCbetterDhigher【解析】表示她想找更好的工作。【答案】C7A.letterBcallCanswerDemail【解析】receive a call“接到一个电话”，文章中提到“behind the counter”，说明她在上班；下文的情景又提到了她向儿子作解释和经理听到了此事，所以从情景和一般常识上理解，她收到的不可能是letter 或email。【答案】B8A.boughtBkeptCn
41、eededDoffered【解析】他需要一个棒球手套。【答案】C9A.complainedBexplainedCunderstoodDadmitted【解析】母亲在解释不能买棒球手套的原因。complain“抱怨”；understand“明白”；admit“承认”。A、C、D意思都不符合文意。下文的“explain things to kids”也作了提示。【答案】B10A.shortBenoughCspareDtight【解析】作为单亲母亲，钱是“紧张的”。有些学生选A项，是因为知道short有“紧缺”的意思，但是不清楚short的搭配应该是sb. is short of money。【答案
42、】D11A.foodBeducationCclothesDbills【解析】pay bills“付账”。【答案】D12A.talkingBcryingCarguingDscolding【解析】上文提到与儿子通电话，经理无意中听到母子之间的“谈话”(talking)。【答案】A13A.easyBhardCsimpleDnice【解析】这是她苦口婆心地向儿子解释家中的困难，同时由 Cynthia 向儿子说的这些话知道儿子当时非常想要手套，由此可推断此处用 hard 为好，即“向儿子解释这些很困难”。故选 B。【答案】B14A.afterBuntilCwhenDbefore【解析】表示在买手套前要首
43、先付账单。【答案】D15A.valueBremain CpayDfire【解析】value“评价”；remain“保持”；pay“给报酬”；fire“开除”。根据文章最后一词提示可知答案为C。【答案】C16A.muchBmanyCpleasantDpossible【解析】as much as“尽可能多(的钱)。句意：你知道像你这样的好人，我们不能想给你多少就给多少”。故选A。【答案】A17A.regretBagreeCworryDcare【解析】“我们”确实很关心(在乎)。【答案】D18A.excellentBimportantCthankfulDthoughtful【解析】从上下文知，钱不是
44、最重要的，而关心、同情和爱心才是最重要的。此处经理的意思是想让她明白“好员工对他们来说是多么的重要”，这才符合逻辑。故选B。【答案】B19A.rememberBrefuseCthankDrealize【解析】对店员的体贴、爱、同情会让人“铭记”，经理的关心胜过工资。学生易错选C项thank，是因为受中文表达的影响，而且对thank一词的搭配也不清楚，应为thank sb. for sth.。故选A。【答案】A20A.motherBclerkCofficialDmanager【解析】全文谈论如何做好一个经理，Partircia 所做的一切说明商店的经理应该做什么。其他选项均与此文的主旨不符。故选
45、D。【答案】D. 短文改错 【导学号：66620034】When I was eight years old and was spending a weekend visit my Aunt Libby at her home, a man dropped in one evening. At that time，I happened be excited about boats. The visitor discuss the subject in the way that seemed particularly interesting to me. Before he left，I sai
46、d, “What a man！And how extreme he is interested in boats！” My aunt told me that he was a businessman and that he took no interests in the subject. “But why did he talk about boats？” “Because he saw you were interested in boats，so he talked about the things to please you. At the same time，he made him
47、 agreeable, too.”I still remember that my aunt said.【答案】When I was eight years old and was spending a weekend my Aunt Libby at her home，a man dropped in one evening. At that time，I happened be excited about boats. The visitor the subject in way that seemed particularly interesting to me. he left, I
48、said，“What a man！And how he is interested in boats！”My aunt told me that he was a businessman and that he took no in the subject. “But why did he talk about boats？”“Because he saw you were interested in boats, so he talked about the things to please you.At the same time，he made agreeable，too.”I still remember my aunt said.
