1、高考英语动词考点必会27类 历年中学英语高考考试说明中,动词大约占应考词汇的三分之一,动词在测试中占有举足轻重的位置,下面是活跃、易考的二十类动词。一、系动词类系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类词有：表感观的系动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel, seem, appear（这些词用形容词作表语）表变化的系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run表依旧的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, li
2、e, hold可带名词作表语的系动词：be, become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn例如：The dish looks good and smells good.Cotton feels soft.He looks sad at the mews and looked at me sadly.She remains excited, in my opinion.This report proves disappointing.（91高考）These oranges taste_. A.good B.well C.to be go
3、od D.to be wellturn可以表示“达到或超过(某个年龄或时间)”Happy birthday, Alice! So you have_ twenty-one already! (天津卷)A. become B. turned C. grown D. passedturn（该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：He turned teacher.）二、使役动词类这类动词接不带to的不定式作宾补,表动作已完成或其全过程；接-ing分词作宾补,表动作正在进行；接-ed分词表被动。在主动结构中宾补不带to,但在被动结构中需加上to。口诀：五三二一半（五看、三让、二听、一感觉、半帮助）它们是
4、：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, help, let, make, have等。例如：I saw the men playing football.He often heard this song sung by the famous actress.He often made his sister cry, but this time he was made to cry by his sister.三、后接动名词类接动名词作宾语的48个常用动词及短语。abandon, admit, advise ,a
5、llow, appreciate, avoid, ban ,bear, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forbid, include, involve, stand, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practise, quit, report, resist(抗拒), risk , stop, suggest , understand , 短语、句型：be worth, be busy, cant help,
6、 cant stand, give up, go on, insist on, preventfrom, put off, spendin, succeed in, wastein, be busy doing sth.have difficulty/trouble/struggle /problems (in)doing sth.Its no good/use doing sth.have a good/hard/difficult time doing sth.spend/waste time (in) doing sth.There is no point/sense/harm/use/
7、good(in)doing sth.cannot help doing sth.There is no doing sth.例如：The bird was lucky to escape being caught.He is always practicing playing the piano after school.四、后接不定式类接不定式（不接动名词）作宾语的26个常用动词：afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, beg ,choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, help, hope, learn,
8、long, manage, offer, plan , prepare ,pretend, promise, refuse, swear, want, wish等。例如：He cant afford to buy such an expensive car.Tom managed to cut down dozens of trees.五、“两面派”类（8组）这类动词既可接不定式类,也可接动名词类。之间区别不大的有：begin, continue, like, love, prefer, start, hate。意义有明显区别的有：try to do（努力做）, try doing（试着做）;
9、 mean to do（打算）, mean doing（意味着）; cant help to do（不能帮着做）, cant help doing（禁不住做）; remember to do（记得要做）, remember doing（记得做过）; regret to do（遗憾要做）, regret doing（后悔做过）; forget to do（忘记要做）, forget doing（忘了做过）; stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）, stop doing停止做）; go on to do（接下来做）, go on doing(继续做)。例如：He remembered to
10、give her the money, but she remembers having been paid already.六、“需要、值得”动词类这类动既可直接接动名词,也可接不定式的被动语态,但二者均可表示被动含义。它们是：need, want, require, deserve, (be worth)等。例如：Your sick mother needs looking after. (=Your mother needs to be looked after.)七、虚拟语气类动词表示应该（或规劝、命令、建议、要求等）时,其后的宾语从句用should加动词原形,其中should常可省略
11、。它们是：insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, demand, request, require等。例如：Peter suggested that Tom go there at once.Our teacher requires this be done in no time.八、主动表被动类有些用主动表达被动的含义,其后常跟副词well, easily, poorly连用,用来说明主语的特点、性质或状态。它们是：break, burn, cook, cut, drive, eat, iron, keep, play, sell,
12、 last, open, shut wear, wash, write, translate, print, run, read, operate等。例如：Dry wood burns easily./The cloth washes well./The paper prints poorly.九、不用进行被动类这类动词不能用于被动语态,也不能用进行时。它们是：become, cost, have last, hold（容纳）, fit, stand（忍受）, suit, belong to, consist, exist, depend, happen, take place, run ou
13、t, break out, give out（耗尽）, go out（熄灭）, burst forth(突然爆发)等。例如：This hall can hold 500 people.China belongs to the third world.十、后接反身代词类这类动词常接反身代词作宾语。它们是：enjoy, seat, dress, present, teach, help, devote, call, find等。例如：He taught himself law when free and devoted himself to teaching.十一、否定前移类这类动词在主句以第一人
14、称作主语,其后接宾语从句时,要把从句的否定形式移到主句。它们是：believe, expect, imagine, suppose, feel, guess, fancy等。例如：To tell you the truth, I dont suppose he can give you any help in such a short time.As far as we know, we dont believe we can make such an attempt, can we?十二、计划未能实现类此类动词常用过去完成时加不定式,或用过去式接不定式的完成时态表虚拟语气,表达原来的计划未能
15、实现。它们是：intend, mean, plan, hope, expect, think, want, suppose等。例如：I had meant to tell you about it yesterday, but the snowstorm prevented me.They hoped to have stayed there a week, but he couldnt because of another important thing.十三、现在表将来类这类动词常用一般现在时,现在进行时表将来时间。它们是：come, go, leave, start, arrive, m
16、ove, begin, fall, see, stay, take off等。例如：Your plane takes off at a quarter past two in the afternoon.十四、据说类此类动词常用过去分词形式表示“据说”、“据报道”等意思。常用句型“It+be+-ed+that”形式。它们是：decide, say, know, report, think, believe, suppose, declare, announce等。注意：order, suggest, request后的从句中常用虚拟并可省略should的形式。例如：It is ordered
17、that this design (should) be given up as quickly as possible.It is announced that two teams will have a game in our school.十五、省略替代类这类动词常接so/not作宾语,以此回答代表前部的不定式等。它们是：believe, guess, imagine, suppose, expect, hope, would like等。例如：-Will it rain this weekend?-I expect so/not.十六、混合被动类此类动词常用过去分词,但并不纯表示被动,
18、还表明一种状态。它们是：be surprised, be astonished, be discouraged, be pleased, be disappointed, be frightened, be satisfied, be absorbed in, be born, be dressed in, be devoted to, be seated, be engaged in, be obliged to, be supposed to, be supplied with, be connected with, be equipped with, be married to等。例如：
19、He has been married to her for 10 years.You are supposed to send for a doctor immediately.十七、 同源宾语类有些不及物动词可接一个意义与其相同且前面有一修饰语的名词作宾语,即同源宾语。它们是：die, smile, live, dream, laugh, smell, run, sing, whistle, fight等。例如：He died a heroic death.He smiled a forced smile.Then they lived a dogs life.She ran a 100-
20、metre race.The lady laughed a hearty laugh.十八、瞬间非延续类瞬间动词（又叫终止性动词、界限性动词或非延续性动词）表不能延续的动作,在肯定句中不与表达一段时间的状语连用。它们是：go, come, leave, start, return, begin, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate等。例如：They have been（不能说：have made或have become）friends s
21、ince they met in Shanghai.My grandfather has been dead（不能说：has died）for ten years.不知道你学了多少 我先把我知道的写出来吧十九、to为介词的动词词组类(43个) approach to办法;通道, access to接近;到达;有机会利用, solution to, attitude to, agree to, add to, adapt to ,adjust to, appeal to呼吁,恳求, apply to 适用于, apply oneself to致力于, attend to 处理,照料, belon
22、g to, be accustomed to , be addicted to, be equal to能胜任；等同于, be/get used to习惯于, be opposed to反对, be suited to, be up to从事, come to谈到, contribute to对做贡献, make contributions to对做贡献, devote to献身, due to, get close to接近, get down to 认真处理, give ones life to献身于, give rise to 引起,in addition to除外 , lead to导
23、致,look forward to盼望, the key to , object to反对, owing to, pay attention to, prefer to与比更喜欢,put an end to结束,refer to提及, see to负责, stick to坚持, turn to , on the way to正要成为。例如： The red-letter day he has been looking forward to comes today. My brother objects to being made fun of in public.二十、“拍、打、拉、抓”与冠词
24、类 “拍、打、拉、抓”（pat, tap, hit, beat, strike, take, catch, grasp, pull, seize see to (负责)）类动词常用句式：vt.+sb.+介词+the+身体部位。例如：The policewoman caught the thief by the(不用his) arm.Please dont hit her in the(不用her) face.二十一、带不定式复合结构类advise sb. to do sth. advise, allow, ask, beg, call on, cause, consider, depend o
25、n, encourage, expect, find, force, get, hate, instruct, invite, like, long for, need, oblige, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, request, require, suppose, wait for, warn, etc.(使役动词后的不定式去掉to) see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel(感官动词后的不定式去掉to) 二十二、都可接宾语和宾补,形式却不同某些动词如forbid, adv
26、ise, allow, permit, admit, consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时 ,宾补要用不定式。如： We forbid smoking here.（宾语）We forbid you to smoke here.（宾补）You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补）二十三、具有两种形式的易混动词中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式,使用或考测时极易弄混。如：hang, hanged, hanged（绞死）hang, hung, hung（挂起）light, lit, lit（点燃,作谓语）light, ligh
27、ted, lighted（过去分词作形容词用时, 燃烧着的,作定语）drink, drank, drunk/drunken（喝,饮；过去分词作形容词同时,意谓醉的,drunk多作表语,drunken多作定语）sink, sank, sunk/sunken（下沉；过去分词sunken作形容词用时,作定语）bear, bore, born（出生）bear, bore, borne（结果；生育）The woman, who was born in 1940,has borne five children.lie（撒谎）, lied, lied, lying lie（躺,卧,位于）,lay, lain
28、, lying（89高考）Do you know the boy_under the big tree? A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying二十四、动作动词和结果动词英语中有些动词虽然意义相同,但用法不同,有的表示某个动作,而另一个则表示该动作所产生的结果, 这类动词常见的有：look for（寻找）,find（找到）look（看）,see（看见）listen（听）,hear（听到）flee (逃跑) ,escape (逃脱)try（试 图,不说明是否成功）,manage（设法,侧重做到）advise（劝告,不说明是否劝成）,persuade（劝服, 侧重劝成功）(87
29、高考)How can you_if you are not_? A.listen, hearing B.hear, listening C.be listening, heard D.be hearing, listened to二十五、动词后有无介词,意思不同: 因有无介词而词义不同的动词在中学英语教材中较多,常见的如：search（对人、物或场所搜查）,search for（搜寻人、物或场所）leave（离开某地）,leave for（去某地）reach（到达；拿到）,reach for（伸手去拿）prepare（准备）,prepare for（为作准备）enter（进入）,enter f
30、or（报名参加）run（经营；跑）,run for（竞选）stand（站；忍受）,stand for（代表）answer（回答）,answer for（负责）know（了解,知道）,know about（知道关于）pay（付钱、债给某人）,pay for（付钱买某物）The baby reached for the apple but he couldnt reach it.那婴儿伸手去拿苹果,但够不到。The mayor who used to run a small shop will run for the Senate.那个曾经营过一家小店的市长准备 去竞选参议员。二十六、特殊动词1.
31、 用于“动词+ sb.+of sth.”的8个常见动词accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事（罪）,指责某人做某事;cheat sb. fo sth. 骗取某人某物;cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病,改掉某人的坏习惯;inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况（事）;remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况（事）;rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西;warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱;使某人清除2.demand/ request/ ask sth. of sb.二十七、带双
32、宾语的动词英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语,这些动词大多具有“给与”的含义,如“He lent me a book”中,动词lent 后面带有表示动作结果的直接宾语（a book）和表示动作目标的间接宾语（me）。间接宾语在大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前,如果间接宾语在后,间接宾语前必须加“to”（表示动作对什么人而做）或“for”（表示动作为什么人而做）,因此,这句话也可以改为：He lent a book to me.常用的有：give, offer, show, bring, read, pass, lend, tell, leave, teach, write, buy, sing等。例如：
33、 He sold me all his books He sold all his books to me He sent me a card. He sent a card to me. He passed me a salt He passed a salt to me. He paid the shopkeeper some money He paid some money to the shopkeeperShe brought me a tie She brought a tie for me She made me a cake She made a cake for me.注意：1.下列动词不可带双宾语：explain/ announce/ say/ suggest sth. to sb.2.hope的用法：hope to do sth.3.provide和supply的用法：provide / supply sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb. / supply sth. to sb.
