1、1inform v通知，告知information n信息2reject v拒绝，否决rejection n拒绝，否决3persevere v锲而不舍，坚持不懈perseverance n毅力；坚持4criticize v批评，挑剔critical adj.批评的criticism n批评；指责5delight v使高兴 n高兴delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的guarantee n保证；保证书；担保；担保人；抵押品vt.保证；担保A diploma is no guarantee of efficiency.n.保证He put up his house as a guarantee
2、.n.抵押品We guarantee that you will find a community with which to socialise.v.保证Words And Phrases知识要点1debt n债务，欠款(教材P13)When the funds are low and the debts are high，.当资金少而债务高的时候，例1I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country.我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。例2He was so good to me that I can never repay th
3、e debt I owe him.他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。知识拓展(1)in debt中in表示“处于状态中”，debt前不加任何冠词。(2)go/get/run into debt负债be in heavy debt 负债累累be out of debt 不欠债(状态)pay off all the debts 还清债务(动作)be in sb.s debtbe in debt to sb.欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人即学即练单句语法填空Im in heavy debt at the moment，but I hope to be out of debt when I
4、 get paid.Its easier to get into debt than get out of it.You saved my life；I am in debt to you forever.小片段助记Mike had been in debt for many years，but he worked hard day and night and managed to stay out of debt.However，his father fell seriously ill suddenly and Mike got/ran into debt to save his fath
5、er.When Mike felt helpless as he didnt know how to pay off the debts，Mr.White offered him a good job to help him，so Mike often said to Mr.White，“I will always remember your kindness and Im forever in your debt.”知识要点2pace n速度；步速；节奏(教材P13)Dont give up though the pace seems slow.尽管速度似乎很慢，但不要放弃例1It is d
6、ifficult to keep up with the rapid pace of change.跟上迅速的变化是很困难的。例2I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country.我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。知识拓展at ones own pace以某人自己的速度keep pace with 跟上，(与)并驾齐驱；(与)步调一致set the pace 定步速；起带头作用the pace of life 生活节奏pace up and down 来回踱步即学即练单句语法填空She works so fast that I cant keep pa
7、ce with her.Each child learns at his or her own pace.知识要点3inform v通知；告知(教材P14)We regret to inform you.我们很遗憾地通知你例If you threaten me or use any force，I shall inform the police.你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。知识拓展(1)inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事inform sb.that. 告知某人(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的；有学问的keep sb.informed of sth. 使某
8、人知道某事；随时报告某人某事(3)information n. 信息(不可数)即学即练单句语法填空Have you informed the boss of/about your wish to leave?The headmaster informed us that the school would be closed for one day.Please keep me informed(inform) of/about the latest process of the plan.知识要点4give up放弃；停止；交给；让给；对某人的到来(康复、能否找到等)不再抱希望(教材P14)Y
9、ou may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your lifes work，.你可能花了很多年放弃周末和空闲时间来写你一生的著作，例1He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded.他试图逃跑，但发现已被包围时只好放弃了这个念头。例2One of the men with him gave up his place on the bench.他的一个同伴将长椅上的位子让了出来。知识拓展give in(to sb.)
10、(向某人)屈服，让步give out 用尽；分发；发出(不用于被动语态)give back 归还give away 泄露；赠送give off 放出(光、热、气味等)；散发即学即练单句语法填空Dont give away to the public when we will start.Please give back my bike to me tomorrow.The heater can give off much warmth.名师点津give up表示“放弃”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，若宾语为代词，则代词必须放在give up中间。知识要点5have sth.in commo
11、n (with sb.or sth.)与有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处(教材P14)When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers，.当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点，例1We are attracted by each other，because we have something in common.我们互相吸引对方，是因为我们有共同之处。例
12、2His thought had something in common with that of Emerson and other transcendentalists.他和爱默生以及其他的超验论者在思想上也有相通之处。知识拓展have nothing in common无共同之处have little in common 几乎无共同之处have a lot in common 有许多共同之处in common with 和一样；和有共同之处即学即练单句语法填空Although we have met by chance，we do have a lot in common.In comm
13、on with many countries，Britain has serious environmental problems.知识要点6turn down 调小；拒绝(教材P14)I wasnt going to give up until every single publisher turned me down，.在每个出版商拒绝我之前我不会放弃，例1She could not bear the relentless music and turned down the volume.她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。例2Supposing I turn down your of
14、fer，would you feel disappointed?假如我拒绝你的提议，你会感到失望吗？知识拓展turn up出现；到场；开大；调高音量turn around/round 转身turn out 证明是；结果是turn to 转向；求助于，查阅turn over 翻转；移交turn on/off 打开/关闭(开关)turn in 上交turn into 变成即学即练单句语法填空When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me
15、to go through with it.It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.知识要点7guarantee v保证；担保；保修 n保证；保证书(教材P15)So，it seems that talent alone isnt enough to guarantee success.所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。例1I guarantee that if you take this medicine，youll soon get well.我管保你吃了这药就好。例2A famous old name on a firm is n
16、ot necessarily a guarantee of quality.公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。知识拓展(1)guarantee sb.sth.(ensure sb.sth.)保证某人得到某物guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事guarantee that. 确保guarantee sth.for some time 对保修多久(2)give sb.a guarantee that. 向某人保证under guarantee 在保修期内即学即练单句语法填空I guarantee to be(be) here tomorrow.Trust me!I guarant
17、ee that youll enjoy yourself.This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire.知识要点8delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的(教材P15)We are delighted to inform you.我们很高兴地通知你例1I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my hearts content.我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。例2The bear was delighted and began to dance
18、happily.那只熊听了很高兴，就开始快乐地跳舞。知识拓展即学即练单句语法填空He was very much delighted with the results.My parents will be delighted to see(see) you.小片段助记Much to my delight，my son is delighted to learn English.Yesterday he came house with delight and told me the good news that he won the first place in an English compe
19、tition.Sentence Patterns重点句式1not.until.句型(教材P14)I wasnt going to give up until every single publisher turned me down，.在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃，句式分析：本句中的not.until.是固定句型，表示“直到才”until引导状语从句。例1Youre not going out until youve finished this.你不把这事做完就不准出去。例2The traffic laws dont take effect until the end of the ye
20、ar.交通法要到年底才生效。知识拓展(1)当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until从句/表时间的词助动词(主句)主语谓语其他。(2)not until的强调结构为：It is/was not until从句/表时间的词that其他。翻译Not until the teacher came in(直到老师进来) did the students stop talking.It is not until next week(直到下周) that the sports meet will be held.即学即练单句语法填空It was not until I got
21、 married that I could afford to buy a house of my own.Not until the last operation was finished did Bethune leave the battle hospital.重点句式2with复合结构(教材P15).and as we know，Harry Potter became a global success，with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.正如
22、我们所知，哈利波特在全球获得了成功，售出了4亿多本书，并被翻译成70多种语言。句式分析：本句中with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages是“with名词宾补”结构，其中books和sold是动宾关系；books和translated是动宾关系。例1He sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿。例2The thief was forced into the post station with his hands tied
23、back.贼被双手捆绑着带进了派出所。知识拓展with的复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中可作原因、方式、条件或伴随状语等，有时也可作定语。其构成形式主要有：(1)with宾语形容词；(2)with宾语副词；(3)with宾语介词短语；(4)with宾语动词的现在分词，表示动作正在进行且宾语与动词是主动关系；(5)with宾语动词的过去分词，表示动作已经发生且宾语与动词是被动关系；(6)with宾语动词不定式，表示动作还未发生。翻译With the old man leading us(有那位老人带路)，we got to the top of the mountain easil
24、y.The village is beautiful with the trees covered with white snow(树林都披上了银装)With much work to do(有那么多的工作要做)，he went to the factory ahead of time.即学即练单句语法填空She had to walk home with her bike stolen(steal)With the crowds cheering(cheer)，they drove to the palace.With no one to talk(talk)to，John felt mis
25、erable.重点句式3祈使句and陈述句(教材P15)Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you.”继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你”句式分析：本句是“祈使句and陈述句”句式例1Follow the advice of the doctor，and youll be well very soon.听从医生的建议，你很快就会好起来。例2Work hard，and you can make rapid progress in your study.努力学习，你就能
26、在学习上取得快速进步。知识拓展“祈使句and陈述句”句型的三种变化形式(1)“祈使句破折号陈述句”(2)“名词词组and陈述句”；名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。(3)“祈使句or陈述句”；or表示“否则”“要不然的话”，or可用or else或otherwise替换，从反面来预测结果。翻译Try some of this juiceperhaps youll like it(也许你会喜欢的)One more step(再多迈一步)，and the baby will fall into the well. Watch your step，or
27、else you might fall into the water(不然你会掉进水里的)即学即练单句语法填空Do as youre told，otherwise youll be in trouble. A few minutes earlier，and I could have seen the famous scientist.In fact，it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words：“I honour endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because th
28、ese are the means by which men achieve great ends.”分析本句为复合句，it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words是强调句，强调状语within the pages of Jane Eyre；直接引语中because引导原因状语从句，by which引导定语从句修饰先行词means。译文事实上，正是在简爱这本书里，我们可以找到这样一句话：“我尊重忍耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干；因为这些是男人实现伟大目标的手段”教材高考1.When the funds are low
29、and the debts are high，.(2019天津卷)Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.2.We regret to inform you.(2018北京卷)He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.3.So，it seems that talent alone isnt enough to guarantee success.(2019全国卷)Data security measures are guaran
30、teed.单句语法填空1Another 500，and I could buy a car.2With prices going(go)up so fast，we cant afford luxuries.3Ten years of prison had turned him into an old man.4They have nothing in common with each other in their manners.5Well run into debt if you spend more than our income.6We are able to get the infor
31、mation(inform)we need from the Internet.7He said that he was delighted with the public response.8Not until they heard that she was safe and sound were(be) their minds set at rest.9We guarantee to reply(reply)in full within 10 working days.10The little boy gave away his hiding place when he coughed.短
32、语填空keep informed of；give up；have something in common；turn down；keep pace with；take.for example1Take Tom for example，many students have passed the exam.2Ive been trying to give up smoking for getting on for two years now.3Ill keep you informed of the progress made.4What I have heard has something in
33、common with what you have seen.5Little Marie turned down the job at the restaurant.6We must keep pace with the new development of modern scientific researches.课文语法填空Success rarely happens overnight，but not many know that many famous writers have faced 1.rejection(reject)For example，J.K Rowling thoug
34、ht she has something in common 2.with other famous writers when she received rejection letters.She even spent years 3.surviving(survive) on little money but devoted all her time to 4.writing(write).5.Eventually(eventual)，her famous novel，Harry Potter，became 6.a global success.J.D.Salinger began writ
35、ing in high school.Despite rejections，he continued 7.to write(write)even when he served in the army.Three sisters from Victorian England had firm 8.perseverance(perseve)They once used male names to publish their works because women were not encouraged to write.Their works 9.are regarded(regard)as classic of world literature.10.So talent isnt enough to success.
