1、专题三名词性从句 知 识 梳 理 名词性从句的句法功能相当于名词词组，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此名词性从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导词归类：类别功能引导词从属连词只起连接作用，不充当句子成分that, whether, if连接代词起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whichever, whoever连接副词起连接作用，并充当从句状语when, where, how, why一、主语从句的注意事项主语从句的一般结构主语从句谓语动词其他How the boo
2、k will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious.it作形式主语的主语从句Itbe /becomes /became形容词/名词/过去分词主语从句It is still a question whether she will come or not.It became clear that Mary did make a mistake.It seems /appears /happens等动词that从句It seems strange that he should h
3、ave done a thing like that.It happens that he can understand a little about the language.It remains to be过去分词主语从句It remains to be seen who will be the victor in the contest.It doesnt matterhow /whether从句It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not.It doesnt matter much whether we go together or separ
4、ately.用来表示惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，主语从句谓语动词用(should) do形式It is necessary /important /natural /strange等that从句It is necessary that one (should) obey the law.It is suggested /requested /proposed /desired等that从句It is suggested that you (should) attend the opening ceremony.二、宾语从句的注意事项动词后的宾语从句主语及物动词宾语从句I know th
5、at he is an honest boy.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo? I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei.They asked what Jean was doing now.Do you know who has won Red Alert game？feel, think, find, consider, make等，常用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.Y
6、ou may think it strange that he would live there.I feel it a pity that I havent been to the gettogether. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy, appreciate等不能直接跟宾语从句，必须用it作形式宾语，后接宾语从句I like it that everyone passed the exam.I hate it when they talk with their mouth
7、s full of food. think, believe, suppose, expect等词后的宾语从句若是否定的，否定词要转移到主句的谓语动词上I dont think your answers are right.I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? 介词后的宾语从句介词后可接宾语从句，但连接词whether不可换作ifHe often thinks of how he can make his class lively.She worries about whether shes really good enough.非谓
8、语动词后的宾语从句不定式、v.ing形式、过去分词后也可以接宾语从句Id just tried to do what I could for you.I suggest eating what is fresh.宾语从句中的时态主句谓语动词为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际情况而定Do you know when the ancient games began？主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态一般用适当的过去时态He asked me if I was reading the textbook when he was in.当宾语从句为客观真理和规律时，则用一般现在时He said that
9、light travels faster than sound.whether与if引导宾语从句的区别与or not连用时，只用whetherI want to know whether or not the train goes to King Street.“whether不定式”结构作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句；if无此用法I dont know whether to go there.介词后面的宾语从句中只用whetherIm not interested in whether he has a lot of money.if引导的条件句中，如果再有表示“是否”的引导词引导宾语从句时，只
10、用whetherHe asked me whether Id move to Beijing if I got the job.doubt在肯定句中，接whether和if引导的宾语从句；但在否定句中，只用thatWe dont doubt that he is a brave man.I doubt whether /if Jack could manage a sailing boat.三、表语从句的注意事项表语从句常位于连系动词be, look, remain, seem等之后，其连接词还有as if /though, because等。主语系动词表语从句The trouble is t
11、hat we are short of money.He looked just as he had looked ten years before.The question is whether they will be able to help us.The problem is who we can get to replace her.I think it is because you are doing too much.The question is which of us should go.because引导表语从句强调原因，why引导表语从句强调结果Its because y
12、oure careless.That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.the reason why从句bethat 从句The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.what从句bethat从句What comforted the young mother was that the baby came to life.It looks /seems as if /though从句It looks as if it is going
13、to rain.At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.主句主语是advice, demand, suggestion, order, requirement，idea, request, command等时，表语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should) do形式My advice is that you (should) quit smoking.My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.Our only request
14、 is that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.四、其他注意事项that与what在名词性从句中的区别what充当成分，意为“的事物”，不可省略； that不作任何成分，只起连接作用，也无实际意义，有时可以省略I only knew (that) he was studying in a western country, but I didnt know what country he was in.What you need is more practice.That you will win the medal seems unlikely.名词性从句已有疑问引导词时，不再用thatI dont understand what you said just now. (understand后不再用that)
