1、四川省成都外国语学校2019-2020学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。2.本堂考试120分钟，满分150分。3.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、考号准确无误地填写在答题卡规定的位置上，并使用2B铅笔填涂。4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回，答题卡不得折叠。第I卷（选择题 共70分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ACoronaviruses (冠状病毒)Coronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a large group of viruses. They consi
2、st of a core of genetic material（遗传物质）surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona” and thats how these viruses get their name.In this text, well take a quick look at whats currently known about the virus.Covid-2019The
3、 2019 Novel Coronavirus was first reported December in Wuhan, central Chinas Hubei Province, has quickly spread across the country and around the world. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia(肺炎) whod been associated with a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan.Inter
4、mediate hosts: The 2019-nCoV may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.Incubation period(潜伏期): 1-14 days.Infection:Virus may spread before symptoms show.SARS-CoVThe Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) c
5、oronavirus was first identified in China in 2003 .Intermediate hosts: Bats are the original host. Civet cats and cats serve as an important intermediary that carries virus from the winged mammal to humans.Incubation period: 2-7 days.Infection: Virus spread after symptoms show.MERS-CoVThe Middle East
6、 Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) in 2012.Intermediate hosts: Bats are the original host. MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans.Incubation period: 2-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.1. What is the
7、intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019?A. Bats.B. Civet cats.C. Camel.D. Unknown yet2. Which kinds of coronaviruses may spread before symptoms show?A. The Covid-2019B. SARS-CoVC. The Covid-2019 and MERS-CoVD. MERS-CoV3. What is the following statement is not true about coronaviruses ?A. The Covid-2019
8、, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all included in coronaviruses.B. The animal reservoir of the Covid-2019 is bats.C. A mysterious pneumonia outbreak was first identified in China.D. But in both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV cases, bats are the original host.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是说明文， 介绍了三种不同的冠状病毒的有关情况。【1题详解】细节
9、理解题。根据Covid-2019的介绍中“Intermediate hosts: The 2019-nCoV may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown. ”可知，虽然早些时候认为2019-nCOV可能起源于蝙蝠，但是它的中间宿主仍然是未知的。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Covid-2019和MERS-CoV的介绍中都提到“Infection:Virus may
10、 spread before symptoms show. ” 可知，2019年新型冠状病毒和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒都是可能在症状出现前传播。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Covid-2019的介绍中“Intermediate hosts: The 2019-nCoV may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown. ”可知，虽然早些时候认为2019-nCOV的动物宿
11、主可能是蝙蝠，但是它的中间宿主仍然是未知的。故选B项。BMary Wilkins Ellis was a volunteer pilot for Britains Air Transport Auxiliary( ATA) during World War II.Mary Wilkins was born on Feb.2, 1917. When she was 8, her father bought her a ride in a plane. From there, she was hooked. As a teenager, she persuaded her father to pa
12、y for flying lessons, and she earned her pilots license at 22 in 1939.In 1940,she heard an ad for volunteer pilots to help the war effort. She signed up and joined the ATA, whose task was to deliver planes from factory to base or from base to factory for repairs.At the height of World War II, 26-yea
13、r-old Mary Wilkins climbed down a ladder from the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a bomber(轰炸机) at a Royal Air Force base in England.“Wheres the pilot?” someone on the ground asked.“I am the pilot!” she responded. She had delivered the bomber alone-although built for a five-man crew-from its factory. People on the
14、 ground looked at her in surprise. One of them even decided to climb up the ladder to check the plane for the “missing” pilot.She was one of the “Atagirls”, as they were nicknamed, who almost always flew without other crew members, compass or radio assistance. They guided themselves by using maps an
15、d following rives or railway lines. While they did not fly in combat(战斗), they faced the daily danger of attack by enemy planes. Mrs. Ellis was once shot at over Bournemouth, in southern England, by “friendly fire” from the ground. Another time, she had a near-miss when landing in thick fog at the s
16、ame time a combat Spitfire landed on the same runway from the opposite direction. That experience won her the nickname “the fog flyer” .In all, Mrs. Ellis flew more than 1,000 warplanes of 76 types-including 400 Spitfires-among more than 200 British airfields from 1942 to the end of the war in 1945.
17、4. What does the underlined word “hooked” mean in the second paragraph?A. Touched.B. Addicted.C. Annoyed.D. Confused.5. Where did Mary Wilkins probably learn the ad for volunteer pilots?A. In a newspaper.B. In a magazine.C. On a poster.D. On the radio.6. Why did one person on the ground climb up the
18、 ladder?A. He didnt believe women could fly these planes.B. He was interested in what a bomber looked like.C. He couldnt wait to experience a ride in a bomber.D. He wanted to check if the plane was in good condition.7. What do we learn about “Atagirls”?A. They often flew in combat.B. They were often
19、 shot at by enemy.C. They often flew on their own.D. They guided themselves by radio when flying.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了二战期间英国的一位女性志愿飞行员Mary Wilkins Ellis的故事。【4题详解】词义猜测题。从后面一句“As a teenager, she persuaded her father to pay for flying lessons,可知她爱上了飞行，可以判断hooked在此是“着迷的”之意。故选B。【5题详解】推理
20、判断题。根据第三段“In 1940 , she heard an ad for volunteer pilots to help the war effort.”可知Mary Wilkins是“听到”招聘志愿飞行员的广告的，可以判断，她是通过收音机听到的。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“People on the ground looked at her in surprise.”从人们惊讶地看她，可以判断地勤人员不相信女性能驾驶这种轰炸机。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was one of the Atagirls，as they were nickna
21、med , who almost always flew without other crew members，可知这些女性志愿飞行员通常都是独自驾机飞行。故选C。CWhat kind of rubbish are you? This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has become a special greeting among people over the past week. On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulatio
22、ns （条例that are required to follow and expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss （投放）it into specific public dustbins. They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to as
23、k the nature of ones rubbish. Individuals who fail to follow the regulations face the possibility of fines and worse. They could be punished with fines of up to 200 yuan （ $ 29）. For those who repeat to go against them, the government can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for
24、 them to get bank loans or even buy train tickets.Shanghai government is responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generates 9 million tons of garbage a year, more than Londons annual output, which is rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it h
25、as relied on trash pickers to sift （筛选）through the waste, picking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up.Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are annoy
26、ed by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or harmful, the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules concerning food waste. They must put it straight in the required publ
27、ic bins, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. What they complain most is the short periods for dropping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what i
28、s being thrown out； no one wants to look bad.8. What do we know about the trash-sorting regulations in Shanghai?A. They are the first of their kind.B. They are tied to ones bank account.C. They have the highest fines.D. Theyre aided by monitors.9. Why has Shanghai introduced the trash-sorting regula
29、tions?A. There are fewer and fewer trash pickers.B. It aims to build a new recycling system.C. It faces more and more serious garbage problems.D. People throw the rubbish here and there.10. What makes the residents upset most about the regulations?A. Limited time for tossing the trash.B. Confusing d
30、istinction among the categories of trash.C. Being fined due to improper behavior.D. Being watched by monitors when throwing the garbage.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Good Way of Trash-sortingB. A New Era of Garbage ClassificationC. A Great Time in Dealing with LitterD. An Effectiv
31、e Solution to Rubbish Problem【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish.”和最后一段Along with the monitors at the bins, 他们必须在
32、规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场，以确保正确的垃圾投掷和问一个人的垃圾性质。可知他们扔垃圾有人监督。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Shanghai government is responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generates 9 million tons of garbage a year, more than Londons annual output, which is rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling
33、 system.The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up.” 上海市政府正在应对一个明显的环境问题。它每年产生900万吨垃圾，比伦敦的年产量还多，并且缺乏回收系统。所以上海出台垃圾分类规定是因为它面临着越来越严重的垃圾问题。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“What they complain most is the short periods for dropping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.” 他们抱怨最多的是垃圾投放的时间很短，通常是早晚两个
34、小时。可知扔垃圾的时间规定让居民们最不满。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected tobe used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific publicbins. They must do so at scheduled times
35、, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of ones rubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格垃圾分类规定,有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类,并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时,以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质。以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，B项“A New Era of Garbage Classification。”垃圾分类的新时代符合主旨。故选B项。DFrom
36、talking robots to driverless vehicles, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet-we still have no cure for the common cold.Why cant we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University, the main
37、 challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that belong to the rhinoviruses(鼻病毒). There are at least 160 types.They mutate(突变) so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems. In other words, a single cure isnt likely to work on every t
38、ype of cold.However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein(蛋白质) that the viruses need. All the viruses were unable to replicate(复制) inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein cal
39、led SETD3.To identify the gene which produces the specific protein, researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes in the human genome (基因组). Namely, they randomly disabled a single gene in each of the cells, so that the cells lacked one or another of every gene in our genome. These gen
40、etically modified cells were then exposed to the rhinoviruses, which cause the common cold. The team then looked at which gene was missing in cells that continued to grow. As it turned out, the one that stood out was SETD3, which makes a protein of the same name.Carette said the plan is to find a dr
41、ug which can temporarily disable the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans. “We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance,” said Carette.12. Which does Peter Barlow think is a problem for figh
42、ting the common cold?A. The poor immunity of patients.B. The large variety of viruses.C. The lack of enough cures.D. The side effects of drugs.13. What do we know about the gene-editing study in Paragraph 4?A. All genetically modified cells survivedB. Some genes in our genome were ignoredC. It locat
43、ed the gene responsible for SETD3D. It exposed the harm of the rhinoviruses.14. How should we stay away from the common cold according to Carette?A. Apply gene-editing to human genesB. Avoid contacts with colds patientsC. Prevent cold viruses from mutatingD. Develop a drug to switch off SETD315. Whi
44、ch of the following is the best title for the text?A. Potential defense found for cold virusesB. Secrets behind the human genesC. Real causes of the common coldD. Puzzles over rhinoviruses solved【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】本文为说明文。技术已经变得如此先进，以前不可能的事情似乎每天都在发生。不过我们仍然没有治愈普通感冒的方法，然而来自斯坦福大学和加州大学旧金山分校的研
45、究人员找到了一个可能的答案。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that belong to the rhinoviruses(鼻病毒). There are at least 160 types.They mutate(突变) so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems.可知彼得巴洛认为病毒种类繁多是对抗普通感冒
46、存在的问题，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句The team then looked at which gene was missing in cells that continued to grow. As it turned out. the one that stood out was SETD3, which makes a protein of the same name.可知，研究发现了SETD3蛋白基因，故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviru
47、ses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance,” said Carette.可知，根据Carette的观点，我们可以开发一种药物来消除SETD3，从而远离普通的感冒，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意。通读全文，尤其根据第二、三段的来自斯坦福大学和加州大学旧金山分校的研究，可知本文主要讲述对感冒病毒的可能的防御方法，故选A。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。World Wildlife Day- 3r
48、d March 2020Our planet is home to every lifeform we know. _16_Humans are no different. We depend on wildlife and on the planets rich biodiversity for our survival and well-being. We might think we have fully bent nature to our needs, but we entirely depend on the resources of our biosphere to meet t
49、he needs of over seven billion people. And nature has its own needs. _17_ After all, we are only one link in the chain of life. When we harm other links in the chain, we hurt the bond of life that unites us all._18_ But we can prevent that. We must conserve the wild plants, animals, and ecosystems a
50、round us. _19_ By doing so, we are protecting ourselves.In 2020, World Wildlife Day celebrates biodiversity, including wild fauna and flora, in all its varied and beautiful forms. _20_A. We must be careful not to overexploit it.B. Today, unsustainable human activity could cause up to a million speci
51、es to go extinct.C. These come in all shapes and sizes from the most unfamiliar to the ones you see every day.D. We need one another for food and sustenance.E. We must use our natural heritage wisely and sustainably.F. Were not always the kindest neighbors to each other.G. Lets work together to buil
52、d a world that can truly sustain all life on Earth.【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，2020年3月3日是世界野生动物日，作者号召大家共同努力，保护野生动物，保护自然，也就是保护人类自己。【16题详解】此题是代词指代线索。空前一句提到“我们的星球是我们所知道的每个生命体的家园”；选项C意思为：它们有各种各样的形状和大小从最不熟悉的到你每天看到的每一种。选项C 中these指代空前一句的every lifeform。故选C项。【17题详解】空前一句提到“自然也有自己的需要”；空后提到“
53、毕竟，我们只是生命链中的一个环节”；选项A意思为：我们必须小心不要过度开发。选项A是承上启下，其中it指代空前一句中的nature，空后的内容是对选项A作进一步的说明。故选A项。【18题详解】此题是逻辑线索。选项B意思为：今天，不可持续的人类活动可能导致多达一百万种物种灭绝。空后一句提到“但我们可以防止”，but表示转折关系，句中的that即指代选项C的内容。故选B项。【19题详解】空前一句提到“我们必须保护我们周围的野生植物、动物和生态系统”；选项E意思为：我们必须明智和可持续地利用我们的自然遗产，其中We must use 与空前一句中的We must conserve.是并列的句式，都是
54、说明空后一句“By doing so”的具体做法，即如何保护自然。故选E项。【20题详解】文章最后一段指出世界野生动物日的意义；选项G意思为：让我们共同努力，建立一个真正能维持地球上所有生命的世界。选项G 是号召大家共同努力，与空前一句的语义顺承。故选G项。【点睛】七选五做题技巧1. 重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。如第2小题， 空后提到“毕竟，我们只是生命链中的一个环节”；选项A意思为：我们必须小心不要过度开发。选项A是承上启下，空后一句的内容是对选项A作进一步的说明。注意下一句的内容可以帮助推断出选项。 2.
55、 词语复现显神功上下文与主题相关的词语通常会以原词、同义词、近义词、同根词或同范畴词等形式在上下文中重复出现。如第4小题此题线索是词汇复现，选项E中We must use 与空前一句中的We must conserve.是并列的句式，也是词汇复现，从而可确定选项。值得注意的是，有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。3. 代词、逻辑亦管用七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是
56、语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。 如第1 小题是代词指代线索，选项C 中these指代空前一句的every lifeform；又如第3小题，空格处下一句提到“But we can prevent that”，but表示语义的转折，句中的that即指代选项C的内容。第二部分 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）Chinese netizens, who had to _21_indoors for days to combat the ongoing _22_ of the novel coronavirus related pneumonia, began
57、to _23_their wish lists of things they would do immediately after the pandemic_24_.Among the 24,000 participants from all over the country, nearly half said they would love to meet their loved ones, and _25_ 10,000 said they would go out shopping or go to a movie theater and eat hotpot, according to
58、 a popular online surveys under the topic what you want to do most after the pandemic_26_ on Chinese Twitter-like platform Sina Weibo on Sunday.I really need to hit the gym. I have spent days at home doing _27_but eating and watching TV shows on the couch between sleeps, some vowed online._28_also s
59、howed that many wanted simply to resume their old_29_ .I would love to go back to my university to work on my dissertation, to make sure I can _30_on time, wrote one. I want to work and make money, so I can buy myself a house, wrote another.The pandemic outbreak had _31_more than 3340 lives until la
60、st Sunday morning. Under similar discussion_32_ , many netizens made more profound reflections on life and_33_ in the aftermath of the outbreak. If we can_34_ the disaster, lets remember not to devour wild_35_. And if medical workers can save us from the disease, lets learn to respect their lives an
61、d to treat them with_36_ , one netizen wrote. Even after the disease, we should develop habits of washing hands properly and _37_, and of wearing masks in crowded _38_places, another _39_.Some also said they would love to reschedule their family gathering for the Chinese New Year, as many who were f
62、ighting _40_the epidemic in frontline areas had been unable to make it this year.21. A. goB. stayC. sitD. sleep22. A. appearanceB. outbreakC. emergenceD. experiment23. A. readB. watchC. shareD. dream24. A. burn awayB. give awayC. turn awayD. goes away25. A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. others26. A.
63、 launchedB. forbadeC. guidedD. mixed27. A. anythingB. nothingC. somethingD. anyone28. A. AgreementsB. OccasionsC. CommentsD. Applications29. A. routinesB. tripsC. expressionsD. trouble30 A. contractB. graduateC. disturbD. project31. A. leftB. observedC. refusedD. claimed32. A. topicsB. conclusionsC.
64、 reasonsD. purposes33. A. schoolB. societyC. educationD. home34. A. enjoyB. acquireC. addD. survive35. A. animalsB. plantsC. desertD. stones36. A. selflessnessB. atmosphereC. kindnessD. greedy37. A. fluentlyB. frequentlyC. additionallyD. hardly38. A. obviousB. easyC. openD. public39. A. proposedB. q
65、uarreledC. criticizedD. finished40. A. withB. againstC. forD. to【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B【解析】本文是新闻报道，是关于在疫情居家隔离期间，新浪微博上发起的一项主题为“流行病结束后你想做什么”的网上调查的情况。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国网民不得不呆在室内几天，以应对与新型冠状病毒相关的肺炎的持续爆发
66、，他们开始分享自己在流行病结束后马上要做的事情的愿望清单。A. go去； B. stay停留，呆着；C. sit坐着；D. sleep睡觉。短语 stay indoors“呆在室内”。因为新冠状病毒，大家都必须呆在家里。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国网民不得不呆在室内几天，以应对与新型冠状病毒相关的肺炎的持续爆发，他们开始分享自己在流行病结束后马上要做的事情的愿望清单。A. appearance外表；B. outbreak爆发；C. emergence出现；D. experiment实验。短语the outbreak of “的（突然）爆发”，此处指新冠状病毒的突然爆发。
67、故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国网民不得不呆在室内几天，以应对与新型冠状病毒相关的肺炎的持续爆发，他们开始分享自己在流行病结束后马上要做的事情的愿望清单。 A. read阅读；B. watch观看；C. share分享；D. dream梦想。下文是列举网民们在网上分享的他们在疫情结束后想做的事情。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国网民不得不呆在室内几天，以应对与新型冠状病毒相关的肺炎的持续爆发，他们开始分享自己在流行病结束后马上要做的事情的愿望清单。A. burn away燃烧；B. give away赠送，泄露（秘密等）；C. turn away拒之门外
68、；D. goes away离去。此处指新冠状肺炎病毒消失。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据中国的一个类似Twitter的平台新浪微博周日发起的一项很受欢迎的网上调查，主题为“流行病结束后你想做什么”，来自全国各地的24000个参与者中，近半数的人说他们很想见见他们所爱的人，另外10000名参与者说他们会出去购物或去电影院、吃火锅。 A. another另一个；B. other其他的；C. the other其他的；D. others其他人。此处another用作形容词，作定语，表示与前述不同的“另一（个）”。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据中国的一个类
69、似Twitter的平台新浪微博周日发起的一项很受欢迎的在线调查，主题为“流行病结束后你想做什么”，来自全国各地的24000个参与者中，近半数的人说他们很想见见他们所爱的人，另外10000名参与者说他们会出去购物或去电影院、吃火锅。 A. launched发起；B. forbade禁止；C. guided指导；D. mixed混合。这项网上调查是由新浪微博发起的。故选A项。【27题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意： “我真的需要去健身房。 我有好几天都是在家里睡觉，除了吃东西和看电视外，什么都不做”，有人在网上郑重宣布。A. anything任何事情；B. nothing什么都没有；C. somet
70、hing一些事情；D. anyone任何人。短语 do nothing but “除了之外，什么都不做”。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：评论还显示，许多人只是想恢复他们原来的生活方式。A. Agreements协议；B. Occasions场合；C. Comments评论；D. Applications应用，申请。下文举出一些网上调查参与者的评论。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：评论还显示，许多人只是想恢复他们的原来的生活方式。A. routines惯例，常规；B. trips旅行；C. expressions表达；D. trouble麻烦。下文两个参与者的评
71、论说，“I would love to go back to my universityI want to work and make money，”意思是他们想继续原来的生活。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很想回到我的大学去写我的论文，以确保我能按时毕业，”一个人写道。 A. contract订合同；B. graduate毕业；C. disturb 打扰；D. project设计，计划。根据生活常识，回到大学写论文，应该是毕业前完成的任务。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到上周日上午，流行病的爆发已经夺去了3340多人的生命。A. left离开；B. o
72、bserved观察；C. refused拒绝；D. claimed索取，夺去（生命）。很多人因为流行病的爆发而失去生命。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在类似的讨论话题中，许多网民对疫情爆发后的生活和社会进行了更深刻的反思。A. topics话题；B. conclusions结论；C. reasons理由；D. purposes目的。上文提到网友们讨论的话题“a popular online surveys under the topic what you want to do most after the pandemic”，这里指另外的讨论话题。故选A项。【33题详解】考查
73、名词词义辨析。句意：在类似的讨论话题中，许多网民对疫情爆发后的生活和社会进行了更深刻的反思。A. school学校；B. society社会；C. education教育；D. home家园。根据下文中“And if medical workers can save us from the disease, lets learn to respect their lives and to treat them with_16_”，有的网友提到在疫情结束后对医护人员的态度，这是属于社会问题。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们能在这场灾难中幸存下来，让我们记住不要吃野生动物
74、。如果医务工作者能把我们从疾病中救出来，让我们学会尊重他们的生命，善待他们，”一位网友写道。A. enjoy享受；B. acquire获得；C. add加上，补充；D. survive幸存，生还。此处是网友的反思，如果能够从灾难中幸存下来，将会怎样做。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们能在这场灾难中幸存下来，让我们记住不要吃野生动物。如果医务工作者能把我们从疾病中救出来，让我们学会尊重他们的生命，善待他们，”一位网友写道。A. animals动物；B. plants植物；C. desert沙漠；D. stones石头。因为开始的时候，认为新冠状病毒是与食用野生动物有关，
75、所以人们就反思，不再吃野生动物。故选A项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们能在这场灾难中幸存下来，让我们记住不要吃野生动物。如果医务工作者能把我们从疾病中救出来，让我们学会尊重他们的生命，善待他们，”一位网友写道。A. selflessness无私；B. atmosphere大气， 氛围；C. kindness善良；D. greedy贪婪的，渴望的。在灾难中，医务人员抢救了很多人的生命。网友反思我们应该尊重他们、善待他们。故选C项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：另一位网友提议说，“即使在流行病后，我们也应养成正确、经常洗手的习惯，以及在拥挤的公共场所戴口罩的习惯。” A
76、. fluently流利地；B. frequently频繁地；C. additionally除此之外；D. hardly几乎不。在疫情期间，大家要以正确地方式洗手、勤洗手，网友建议，疫情过后也养成勤洗手的习惯。故选B项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一位网友提议说，“即使在流行病后，我们也应养成正确、经常洗手的习惯，以及在拥挤的公共场所戴口罩的习惯。” A. obvious明显的；B. easy容易的；C. open公开的；D. public公共的。网友建议，在人多的公共场所要戴口罩。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位网友提议说，“即使在流行病后，我们也应养成正
77、确、经常洗手的习惯，以及在拥挤的公共场所戴口罩的习惯。” A. proposed 提议；B. quarreled 争吵；C. criticized批评；D. finished完成。根据这位网友所说的话，他是提议大家在疫情结束后也要养成勤洗手、拥挤的公共场所戴口罩的习惯。故选A项。【40题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：有些人还说，他们很想重新安排他们迎接中国的新年家庭聚会，因为许多在前线抗击疫情的人今年都没能赶上。 A. with 与一起；B. against反对，对抗；C. for为了；D. to对于。短语fight against“与作斗争”。故选B项。第II卷（非选择题 共80分）注意事项
78、：必须使用黑色墨迹签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答案区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。第一节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读每个小题，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。41. As is known to all, a balanced diet and moderate exercise every day is _(benefit) to your health.42. Thomas lay on the floor, _(absorb) in the unfolding of the book-The Little Prince.43. New
79、challenges _(arise) in the public health control since the outbreak of the coronavirus.44. The building style here is _(close) connected to the local customs.45. Plastic bags take years and years to break _, so dont just throw them out.46. Had Chinese governments and medical workers not worked harde
80、r, COVID-19-related confirmed cases _(not,fall) gradually since the mid-February.47. _would like to devote his whole life to his country in face of the novel coronavirus should be praised.48. What was _that made the patients hard to breathe?49. Tony, why are your eyes red?I _(cut) up peppers for the
81、 last five minutes.50. He only cares about _ the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.【答案】41. burn out 42. on the contrary 43. thinking of 44. knocked down 45. take control of 46. broke out 47. is true of 48. picked up 49. all of a sudden 50. took in【解析】【41
82、题详解】考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，每天均衡的饮食和适度的运动有益于你的健康。在系动词is后应接形容词作表语；短语 be beneficial to “对有益”。故填beneficial。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Thomas躺在地板上，全神贯注地看着打开了的书小王子。短语be absorbed in 意思为“专心于”；此处absorbed是形容词作状语。故填absorbed。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：自从冠状病毒爆发以来，公共卫生控制出现了新的挑战。since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时；句子主语是New challenges，是复数形式，因此用现在完成时have
83、done；arise是不规则变化动词，过去分词为arisen。故填have arisen。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：这里的建筑风格与当地的风俗密切相关。修饰过去分词connected，应用副词形式。故填closely。【45题详解】考查固定短语。句意：塑料袋需要几年的时间才能分解，所以不要把它们扔掉。根据句意，此处应是短语break down，意思为“分解”。故填down。【46题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果中国政府和医务工作者不更加努力地工作，新冠状病毒相关的确诊病例将不会从2月中旬开始逐渐下降。根据句意，从句“Had Chinese governments and medical w
84、orkers not worked harder”是虚拟语气的倒装结构，是对过去情况的假设，因此主句用would have done形式；fall是不规则变化动词，过去分词为fallen。故填would not have fallen。【47题详解】考查主语从句。句意：面对这种新型冠状病毒，无论谁愿意为祖国奉献生命都应该受到赞扬。分析句子结构，所填词是主语从句的引导词，在从句中作主语；根据句意，应是whoever，意思为“无论谁，任何人”。故填Whoever。【48题详解】考查强调句型。句意：是什么让病人呼吸困难？根据句意，该句不强调的陈述句为What made the patients ha
85、rd to breathe？；强调句型结构为“It is+被强调部分+ ”，此句中被强调部分是句子的主语what；强调句型的特殊疑问句式为“特殊疑问词+is/ was it that + ？”故填it。【49题详解】考查时态。句意：“托尼，你眼睛怎么红了？”“我一直切了五分钟的辣椒。”时间状语“for +一段时间”常与完成时连用；根据句意，“Tony一直切了5分钟的辣椒”，强调动作一直在进行，因此用现在完成进行时have been doing；cut的现在分词要双写t，再加ing。故填have been cutting。【50题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他只关心目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些
86、信息必须是事实而不是观点。根据句意 “目击者是否提供了真实的信息”，此处用whether引导介词短语care about宾语从句，意思为“是否。”故填whether。【点睛】强调句型的特殊疑问句强调句型基本结构为：It is+被强调部分+that(who)+? ，如果就被强调部分提问，构成强调句型的特殊疑问句，其句式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that ? It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.（就被强调部分原因状语because of bad weather 提问）Why was
87、 it that the football match had to be put off?It was last year that he got the medal.是在去年他赢得了奖牌。（就被强调部分时间状语last year提问）When was it that he got the medal? 如本题中第8小题，该句不强调的陈述句为What made the patients hard to breathe？，被强调部分是句子的主语what，因此强调句型的特殊疑问句式为What was it that made the patients hard to breathe？第二节：选变
88、填（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读每个小题，从方框内选择正确的短语，将其适当形式填入空白处。51. If you dont want a camp fire to _, you have to constantly add wood and logs to it.52. He thought his future plan was perfect, but _, it was not, and it failed.53. As a hard-working professor, he used to _ reading as natural as breathing all the
89、time.54. I was almost _ by a cyclist riding on the pavement.55. He went broke, because he failed his attempt to _ his company.56. When World War I _, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted.57. The food is good and the same _the service, which is good, too.58. While working in the factory,
90、 the students _ a great deal of knowledge on machinery.59. I was sitting quietly reading when _ a stone came hurling through the window.60. The first time I attended a class at a foreign university, it was several minutes before I _ what the teacher was saying.【答案】51. burn out 52. on the contrary 53
91、. think of 54. knocked down 55. take control of 56. broke out 57. is true of 58. picked up 59. all of a sudden 60. took in【解析】【51题详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果你不想让营火燃尽，你必须不断地往里面添加木头和圆木。短语want sb. to do ，在不定式后接动词原形；根据句意，应是动词短语burn out，意思为“燃尽”。故填burn out。【52题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他认为他未来计划是完美的，但相反，它并不完美，它失败了。前一句说“他的未来计划很完美”，
92、后一句说“它（计划）失败了”，前后两句之间句意相反；根据句意，应是短语on the contrary，意思为“相反”。故填on the contrary。【53题详解】考查固定短语。句意：作为一名勤奋的教授，他过去一直认为读书就像呼吸一样自然。 短语used to 意思为“过去常常”，后接动词原形；根据句意，应是动词短语think of，意思为“认为 考虑”，符合句意。故填think of。【54题详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。句意：我差点被一个在人行道上骑自行车的人撞倒了。根据句意，应是短语knock down，意思为“撞倒”；句子主语I和knock down 之间为逻辑上的被动关系， 前面
93、有was，因此用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填knocked down。【55题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他破产了，因为他想控制公司的企图失败了。短语attempt to do “试图做”，在不定式后接动词原形；根据句意，应是动词短语take control of，意思为“控制”。故填take control of。【56题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：当第一次世界大战爆发时，他似乎变成了另一个人，垂头丧气的。根据句意，应是动词短语break out ；根据主句的时态he seemed，从句也应用一般过去时；break是不规则变化动词，过去式为broke。故填broke out。【57题详
94、解】考查固定短语。句意：食物很好，服务也一样，也很好。分析句子结构， 所填词在句中作谓语；根据句意，应是短语be true of ，意思为“符合于， 对适用”；句子用一般现在时，主语the same是单数，因此be 动词为单数第三人称形式is。故填is true of。【58题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：在工厂工作时，学生们学到了大量机械知识。分析句子结构， 所填词在句中作谓语；根据句意，应是短语pick up, 意思为“（偶然）学会， （非正规途径）学会”；句子叙述的是过去的事情，pick up应用一般过去时。故填picked up。【59题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我正静静地坐着看书，
95、这时突然有一块石头从窗户扔了进来。根据句意，应是短语all of a sudden，意思为“突然”。故填all of a sudden。【60题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我第一次在外国大学上课时，过了几分钟我才听懂老师说的话。分析句子结构，所填词在句中作谓语；根据句意，应是短语take in，意思为“领会，理解”；句子叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，take in应是一般过去时；take是不规则变化动词， 过去式为took。故填took in。第三节：语篇语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If you get
96、 injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way _61_（deal）with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using the right_62_（equip）can help you preventing injuries. If youve got injured，pull _63_（you）out the game or stop doing your act
97、ivity.Let a coach or parent know what_64_（happen）in case you need to see a doctor.Serious head and neck injuries happen most often in athletes _65_play sports like football.Keep the injured person still with his or her head _66_（hold）straight while someone calls for medical help.If the person _67_（l
98、ie）on the ground, do not try to move him or her.Your first question after a sports injury will _68_(probable) be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and _69_ your doctor tells you. Even if you cant return to your sport right away,a doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay
99、 healthy. Always talk with your doctor_70_ trying any activity following an injury.【答案】61. to deal 62. equipment 63. yourself 64. has happened/happened 65. who/ that 66. held 67. is lying 68. probably 69. what 70. before【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在运动中受伤的处理方法。【61题详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：处理运动损伤的最好方法是在一开始就避免它们的发生。根
100、据The best way可知此处要用不定式作定语，修饰名词way，意为“处理运动损伤的最好的办法”。故填to deal。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：了解比赛规则和使用正确的设备可以帮助你避免受伤。根据using ，可知此处要用名词作using的宾语，equip的名词形式是equipment，意为“装备”不可数名词。故填equipment。【63题详解】考查代词。句意：如果你受伤了，就退出比赛或者停止运动。根据主语是you，此处是pull的宾语，可知此处要用反身代词“你自己”。故填yourself。【64题详解】考查时态。句意：让教练或家长知道发生了什么事，以备你需要看医生。what引导宾语
101、从句，此处缺少谓语动词，此处表示动作已经发生可以用现在完成时，也可表示过去的情况可用一般过去时。故填has happened/happened。【65题详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：严重的头部和颈部受伤最常发生在从事足球等运动的运动员身上。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是athletes，指代人，且从句缺少主语。故填who/that。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当有人请求医疗救助时，保持伤者头部挺直不动。本句考查with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补。此处宾语head和hold是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填held。【67题详解】考查时态。句意：如果这个人躺在地上
102、，不要试图移动他或她。if引导的条件状语从句，根据句意为“这个人正躺在地上”，时态是现在进行时，且主语是the person，单数。故填is lying。【68题详解】考查副词。句意：你在运动受伤后的第一个问题可能是，“我什么时候能再上场？”此处要用副词probably修饰整个句子，意为“可能地”。故填probably。【69题详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：这取决于你的伤势和医生告诉你的情况。分析句子可知，谓语是depends on，此处是由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作tells的宾语。故填what。【70题详解】考查介词。句意：受伤后尝试任何活动之前一定要和咨询你的医生。根
103、据句意可知，在做任何活动之前应该先咨询医生，所以本句填介词before“在之前”。故填before。【点睛】第6小题考查了with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补。with的复合结构，是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形：1.with+名词（或代词）+现在分词。此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。例：1）With prices going up so fast, we cant afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。 （原因状语）2）With the crowds che
104、ering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 （伴随情况）2.with+名词（或代词）+过去分词。此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。例：1）I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。 （伴随情况）2）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。 （原因状语）3.with+名词（或代词）+形容词。例：1）I like to s
105、leep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。 （伴随情况）2）With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one itll rain presently.大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。 （原因状语）4.with+名词（或代词）+介词短语。例：1）With the children at school, we cant take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）2）The soldier had him stand with his
106、back to his father.士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。 （行为方式）5.with+名词（或代词）副词。例：1）He fell asleep with the light on.他睡着了，灯还亮着。 （伴随情况）2）The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿。 （伴随情况）6.with+名词（或代词）+动词不定式。此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。例：1）With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。 （原因状语）2）With a lot of wo
107、rk to do, he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 （原因状语）第四节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（_），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。1、 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Henry,Im glad to have received your letter
108、. Its a pleasure for me to tell you how I spend my summer vacation after the college entrance examination. Before the examination, I had good rest because I did feel tired after the hard work of all these years. Of course, I did some reading for fun, and for knowledges as well. I spent some time sta
109、ying with our parents, chatted with them and doing some housework. They have done so much for me, you know. Beside, I took part in some social activities so that I could know less about the society. How about your vacation? Did you feel interesting? Write back and share it to me, will you?Best wishe
110、s,Li Hua【答案】1. spendspent2. Before After3. had与good之间加a 4. knowledges knowledge5.ourmy6. chattedchatting7. Beside Besides8. less more9.interesting interested10. towith【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，是写给朋友的回信，告知对方在高考后是如何度过暑假的。【详解】1.考查时态。句意：我很高兴告诉你我如何度过高考后的暑假。根据句意，说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；spend是不规则动词，过去式为spent。故spend改为spent。2
111、.考查逻辑。上一句提到how I spend my summer vacation after the college entrance examination，下文叙述的是高考后如何度过寒假的，应是after the examination。故Before改为After。3.考查固定短语。短语have a good rest “好好休息”。故had后加a。 4.考查不可数名词。knowledge 意思为“知识”，是不可数名词，不用复数形式。故knowledges 改为knowledge。5.考查代词。主语是I，相应地用形容词形物主代词my。故our改为my。6.考查非谓语动词。and是并列连
112、词，连接两个并列的成分chatted和doing；chat和句子的主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系；doing是现在分词作伴随状语，应用现在分词chatting作并列的伴随状语。故chatted改为chatting。7.考查副词。根据句意，此处应是副词besides，意思为“而且，此外”；beside介词，意思为“在旁边”。故Beside 改为Besides。8.考查逻辑。句意：此外，我参加了一些社会活动，这样我可以更多地了解社会。按照常理，“参加社会活动”应是“更多地了解社会”，故less 改为more。9.考查形容词。interesting 意思为“(某事/ 物)令人感兴趣的”，修饰物；int
113、erested意思为“（人） 对感兴趣的”，修饰人；此处是修饰主语you，因此应是interested。故interesting改为interested。10.考查固定短语。短语share sth. with sb. “与某人分享”。故to改为with。【点睛】以-ed结尾的形容词和以-ing结尾的形容词的区别有些表示情感的及物动词，如excite, discourage, disappoint, encourage, inspire, interest, move, please, puzzle, surprise, worry等，其后常加上后缀-ing或-ed转化为分词（也可称为形容词），
114、用作表语、定语、状语或补足语。以-ing结尾的形容词含“有（某事/物）令人的”的意思；而以-ed结尾的形容词含有“ (人)感到”的意思。 (1)Some people whose lives are full are always interesting to talk to. 有些人的生活经历丰富，与他们交谈总是很有趣的。 If I can find you any support, would you be interested? 假如我能为你找到资助，你对此有兴趣吗？ (2)He is worried about his sons safety.他为儿子的安全担忧。The situati
115、on is worrying.形势令人忧心。(3)The boss was disappointed at the employee. 老板对那个雇员感到很失望。The result of the competition is disappointing. 比赛结果令人失望。如本题第9处错误，“Did you feel interesting? ”，interesting是修饰主语you，应改为interested，意思为“（人） 对感兴趣的”。第五节：书面表达 （25分）72.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie给你发邮件询问你在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间是怎么度过的。请你根据下列要点写一封
116、邮件回复她。1. 如何度过；3. 你的感受。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头语已为你写好。参考词汇：疫情 pandemic situation； 新冠肺炎 COVID-19Dear Leslie，Im glad to receive your email._Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Leslie，Im glad to receive your email. You asked me to share with you what I was doing in the pandemic situation. Here are my exp
117、eriences.After the outbreak of COVID-19, I spent my entire winter vacation staying at home. On the one hand, I paid close attention to the pandemic situation through watching CCTV news or surfing the Internet. On the other hand, I insisted on studying. Not only did I read classics, but also I had on
118、line courses given by my teachers. Besides, I took exercise every day to keep healthy. Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists have acted bravely and spared no efforts to fight against it. They are real heroes.Thank you for your concern. Im looking forward to yo
119、ur reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封邮件, 告知疫情期间你的情况。【详解】第一步：审题: 邮件 人称：第一 人称 时态： 一般过去时、一般现在时 结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分很高兴分享你在疫情期间的情况，第二部分叙述你是如何度过疫情的，第三部分表达自己的感受。要点：1、很高兴分享你在疫情期间的情况2、你是如何度过疫情的整个寒假都呆在家里 密切关注疫情坚持学习：读经典著作、上网课坚持锻炼3、表达你的感受：很多人勇敢面对疫情，与疫情作斗争，他们是真正的英雄第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）share sth. with sb.；the
120、 pandemic situation；the outbreak of ；spend time doing；stay at home；pay close attention to；watch CCTV news；surf the Internet；insist on；read classics； online courses；take exercise；keep healthy；be faced with ；spare no efforts；fight against 第三步：连词成句(1) You asked me to share with you what I was doing in
121、the pandemic situation. (2) After the outbreak of COVID-19, I spent my entire winter vacation staying at home. (3) I paid close attention to the pandemic situation through watching CCTV news or surfing the Internet.(4) I insisted on studying. (5) I read classics and had online courses given by my te
122、achers. (6) I took exercise every day to keep healthy. (7) Many people have acted bravely and spared no efforts to fight against it. (8) They are real heroes. 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)表示时间顺序： first of all; to begin/start with , in the beginning firstly. secondly . lastly / fin
123、ally/in the end 表示并列或补充关系： what is more; besides, moreover, apart from;in addition, as well as；not onlybut(also), meanwhile, in the meantime, somesomeothers表示转折对比关系：but, however, although, though, yet, whileon one handon the other hand , 表示因果关系：because, as, therefore, as a result, as a consequence,
124、consequently, thus 连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、段与段之间结构清晰。【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如share sth. with sb.；the pandemic situation；the outbreak of ；spend time doing；pay close attention to；surf the Internet；insist on；read classics；take exercise；keep healthy；be faced with；spare no efforts；fight against 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如倒装句的运用 Not only did I read classics, but also I had online courses given by my teachers；过去分词作状语的运用Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists have acted bravely and spared no effort to fight against it等。
