1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点明喻修辞法明喻是英语多种修辞手法中最常见的一种。所谓修辞手法，就是根据表达需要，运用有效的语言手段来提高语言的表达效果，使语言表达具有准确性、鲜明性和生动性的语言运用方式。恰当地使用修辞手法，可以使文章更加生动，更具有表现力，蕴意丰富，引人入胜。明喻是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，常用的明喻标志词有like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to等。一、好句欣赏1Love is like the wind, you cant see it but you can feel it.爱如风，你看
2、不见，但你能感受到它。2I couldnt move my legs.It was as if they were stuck to the floor.我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。3The ground is as hard as stone after the drought.干旱之后土地硬得就像石头一样。4It seemed as if the world was at an end.似乎是到了世界末日。5John saw the car coming and stood still as a statue.看到车子过来，约翰像石像一样站着一动不动。6Reading is t
3、o the mind what food is to the body.读书与思想的关系就好比食物与健康的关系。二、小试牛刀1She hung her head like_a_dying_flower她像一朵枯萎的花一样低着头。2Life is like_riding_a_bicycleTo keep your balance, you must keep moving.人生如同骑自行车，你必须继续前行才能保持平衡。3He_looks_as_though he hasnt had a square meal for months.瞧他那样子，好像几个月没吃过一顿饱饭似的。4Kyle looke
4、d at the test with a stare as_blank_as_his_notebook凯尔茫然地看着试卷，大脑如同他的笔记本一样空白。5I remember the whole thing as_if_it_happened_yesterday这整件事我都记得很清楚，就好像是在昨天发生的。.阅读理解A语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我个人经历参观文艺复兴之城(2021长沙市高三模拟)Im interested in the Renaissance (文艺复兴)，so I like visiting ancient Italian cities.Ferrara is called C
5、ity of the Renaissance.When I learned about this city on the Internet，I decided to pay a visit to it.The city has a certain charm，but I find it isnt as great as other Italian cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome.The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right.I first visited the ci
6、ty centre.The Cathedral and Castello Estense are at the heart of the city.Both have striking appearances.I visited the Cathedral first.Castello Estense is also worth visiting，which owes its name to the powerful Este family.It was built with bricks and surrounded by a moat(护城河).At the lower levels，th
7、e history of the city and the Este family are told through displays，and in another part the ceilings are shown through mirrors on the ground.In the north，we can appreciate the Renaissance extension of the town，with straight streets and monumental houses.The famous Palazzo dei Diamanti lies here.When
8、 I was visiting it，it started to rain，so after taking a few photos quickly，I cut my visit there short.It had been raining for a few days.When the rain ceased，I went to visit the historical centre and the Renaissance buildings.After leaving there，I visited several other interesting places such as pal
9、aces and the narrow streets of the downtown.After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua.There I had a much better time.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，所以作者喜欢参观意大利的古老城市。费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，作者在网上了解了这座城市之后决定去参观。本文介绍了这座城市的一些地方并讲述了作者的参观过程。1Why did the author pay a visit to Ferrara?ABecause it is related to t
10、he Renaissance.BBecause it is full of charm.CBecause it is a very famous city in Europe.DBecause it is strongly recommended by a website.解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段前两句可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，即它与文艺复兴有关，所以作者去参观了费拉拉，故A项正确。2What did the author think of The Michelin Green Guides comment on Ferrara?ARidiculous.BR
11、easonable.CUnacceptable.DUnbelievable.解析：B考查细节理解。题干问的是作者如何看待米其林绿色指南对费拉拉的评价。根据第二段中的“but I find it isnt as great as other Italian cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome.The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right”可知，作者认为费拉拉不如像维罗那等的意大利城市好，更不用说威尼斯和罗马了，米其林绿色指南给这个城市评两颗星是合理的。故B项正确。3How
12、could Castello Estense probably get its name according to the text?AIt came from the historical buildings.BIt originated from the straight streets.CIt was named after the powerful Este family.DIt was connected to the surrounding moat.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第五句可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于强大的埃斯特家族，即以这个家族的名字而命名，故C项正确。4Wha
13、t can we infer from the text?AThe writer thought Ferrara was as great as Venice.BThe writer visited Palazzo dei Diamanti for a long time.CThe writer was much more satisfied with the tour in Mantua than in Ferrara.DThe writer was disappointed with the visit to the Cathedral and Castello Estense.解析：C考
14、查推理判断。根据尾段最后两句可知，作者在曼图亚度过了更加愉快的时光，并结合第二段尾句可推知，与费拉拉相比，作者对于曼图亚之旅更满意，故C项正确。B语篇类型应用文主题语境人与社会文化世界上最酷的书店Coolest Bookstores in the WorldWhere did you buy your last book？Chances are that you bought it on the Internet. But if you did，you missed the remarkable experience of browsing in a real bookstore.These
15、days bookstores offer lots of great books.Eslite Dunnan StoreTime magazine once named Eslite Dunnan Store “Asias best bookstore”. One visit to the store tells you why.The store，spread across five floors，offers a combination of restaurants，cafs and over 300，000 books. With its comfortable reading spo
16、ts，visitors sometimes say its like a library.Others have called it the “7Eleven of bookstores”because its open 24 hours a day.Tehran Book GardenThe worlds biggest bookstore is Tehran Book Garden in Iran with 65，000 square meters of space. In addition to restaurants and theaters，the Tehran Book Garde
17、n features a park on the roof. Visitors can pick up one of 1，000 free books to read while enjoying the fresh air and sunshine from the Tehran Book Gardens rooftop park.Saraiva BookstoreRio de Janeiros Saraiva Bookstore might be the worlds most colorful bookstore. The visible upper level is lined wit
18、h books arranged by their colors. This rainbow effect provides a color welcoming for shoppers as they arrive.A rainbow path also leads young readers into the childrens section.Libreria Acqua AltaVenice，Italy，is a city surrounded with water. The books of Libreria Acqua Alta are displayed in all thing
19、s related to water such as boats and bathtubs to protect them when the shop floods during high tide.It overlooks one of Venices many canals，and the smell of old books fills the air.文章大意：本文主要介绍了世界上四家非常酷的书店诚品书店、德黑兰图书花园、萨莱瓦书店以及高水书店。5Which bookstore provides a special reading place on the roof?AEslite D
20、unnan Store.BTehran Book Garden.CSaraiva Bookstore.DLibreria Acqua Alta.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第二、三句“In addition to restaurants and theaters.from the Tehran Book Gardens rooftop park.”可知，德黑兰图书花园为读者提供了在屋顶阅读的特色服务，故选B。6What do we know about Saraiva Bookstore?AIt greets people with colorful books.BShoppers can
21、 paint books with color.CIt is open twentyfour hours a day.DShoppers can find a rainbow there.解析：A考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词“Saraiva Bookstore”定位至第四段，根据该段第三句“This rainbow effect provides a color welcoming for shoppers as they arrive.”可知，萨莱瓦书店以其丰富多彩的书籍欢迎读者的到来，故A项正确。7Why are the books in Libreria Acqua Alta kept
22、 in boats?ABecause the store is known for floods.BBecause they match canals in Venice.CBecause the store is surrounded with water.DBecause they can be preserved from water.解析：D考查细节理解。根据尾段第一、二句“Venice，Italy，is a city.during high tide.”可知，意大利威尼斯被水环绕，高水书店里的书被陈列在所有与水有关的物品里，比如船和浴缸，以在满潮时得到保护。据此可知，将书放在船里是为
23、了保护书，故D项正确。.七选五语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会公共演讲公共演讲的类型及注意事项Public SpeakingPublic speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes：to inform，to persuade and to entertain the audience.An infor
24、mative speech has a purpose to inform，or give knowledge to its audience.1._ For persuasive speech，the speaker would try to change the mindset，perception，or behavior of the audience for their own good.Thus，the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they mi
25、ght agree on.The last type is a ceremonial speech.It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches.No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to，try not to say bad things about them，even if it is meant to be a joke.2_ Sparing some time to practice will
26、help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last.Aside from it，knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary.Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience.Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers
27、 a huge advantage.Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech.3._ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean.Often，when given a speech，the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and usefu
28、l.4._ Language and delivery (演讲方式) alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language.The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience.While closing the speech or presentation，speakers can restate their main points，just to remind the audience of the important t
29、hings that have been said.5._AIt needs to be used clearly.BThese speeches mark special occasions.CThe important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.DThe key of perfecting anything is through practice，including public speaking.EThey can also end it with a special message and en
30、courage the audience to ask questions.FKnowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.GThus，the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audiences expectation.文章大意：本文介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。1解析：C从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了
31、其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项，空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项表述不要输入太多的信息符合语境。其中“information”是关键提示词。2解析：D本空是段首句。本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it.is quite necessary.”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的好处，由此可推知，空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。3解析：A本空是段中句。空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。空处应是对其进
32、行进一步的说明，关键词是“Language”，A项中的It可推知指的就是“Language”，且根据空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项“它(语言)需要使用得很清楚”符合语境。4解析：G本空是段中句。空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待”与空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，所以答案是G。5解析：E本空是段尾句。空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要事情来结束演讲，空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。.语法填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我日常生活收纳专家Marie
33、Kondo有关收纳的建议和理念(2021重庆市高三调研抽测)Marie Kondo is 1._ internationallyknown expert on organizing.Her first book，2._(call)The Lifechanging Magic of Tidying Up：The Japanese Art of Decluttering and Organizing，was published in Japanese in 2011.3._ has sold more than 10 million copies in more than 40 countries
34、.Yet fans want more help and 4._(inform).So Kondo is launching a television showa team of workers will visit clients homes with a set of special paper boxes 5._(keep) things organized.A set of three boxes costs $89.Kondo says the boxes were not part of her 6._(origin)idea.In her book about tidying u
35、p，she gave two main pieces of advice.First，only keep things that give you joy.Second，store those things in place so that they can be 7._(easy) reached and put away.Kondo did not tell readers to get special containers 8._ their things.Instead，she suggested people use containers they already had，such
36、as shoe boxes.But fans still ask Kondo what kinds of containers they need to achieve her special way of organizing.So Kondo recently appeared in New York City to launch her new boxes.They have the same shape and size as shoe boxes.They 9._(color) light pink，gray，brown and purple.The inside parts are
37、 painted with designs such as a tree branch dotted with small white flowers.Kondo 10._(say) the idea behind the boxes is not to hide things.Instead，it is to make the things inside feel happy.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了收纳专家Marie Kondo的相关情况及其对收纳提出的建议以及她的收纳理念。1解析：an考查冠词。根据空后的“expert on”和语境可知，此处表示Marie Kondo是一位
38、国际知名的收纳专家，表泛指，且internationallyknown的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。2解析：called考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词call与其逻辑主语Her first book为动宾关系，所以应用其过去分词形式called。3解析：It考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，根据语境可知，此处指的是上文提到的“Her first book”，所以用代词It。因为所填词位于句首，应注意将其首字母大写。4解析：information考查词形转换。该空与help并列，作want的宾语，故需用其名词形式，所以填information。5解析：to keep考查动词不
39、定式。分析句子结构可知，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式，故填to keep。6解析：original考查形容词。空处修饰名词idea，应用形容词形式original。7解析：easily考查副词。空处修饰后面的动词reached和put away，需要用副词形式，所以填easily。8解析：for考查介词。根据句意可知，Kondo没有告知读者要为他们的物品准备专门的容器，此处表示对象，所以填for。9解析：are colored考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，此处是客观性的描述，应用一般现在时；根据句意可知，鞋盒是被涂上颜色，应用被动语态；主语为they，谓语动词应用复数，所以填are colored。10解析：says考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的谓语，且此处是客观性的描述，应用一般现在时；空处与主语为主动关系，故应用主动语态；主语为Kondo，谓语动词应用单数，所以填says。
