1、名词基础训练1. (武汉2014届高三起点调研)As second-hand smoking is more harmful and dangerous, people want a total _against smoking in public A. ban B. brake C. breakthrough D. boundary 解析：A考查名词辨析。句意：因为二手烟更有害更危险，人们想完全禁止公共场合抽烟。ban禁止；brake刹车；breakthrough突破；boundary边界。根据句意可知应该选择A项。 2.（黄冈润德高中2014届高三月考）The doctors and nu
2、rses arrived at the _ soon after the accident happened, so no people died from it .A .grave B. buffet C. scene D. passage 解析：C考查名词辨析。句意：医生和护士们在事故发生后很快赶到了现场，因此没有人在事故中死亡。grave坟墓，死亡；buffet自助餐，餐车；scene现场；passage通道，段落，经过。根据句意可知应该选择C。 3. (孝感高中2014届高三期末)The speech from the new government is a _ that major
3、changes are on the way.A .warning B. symbol C .goal D. signal 解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自于新政府的讲话是一个信号，那就是主要的改革正在进行。warning警告；symbol 符号；goal目标；signal信号，根据句意可知应该选择D。 4. （湖北八市2014年高三调考） Many people see the use of “dama” as_ that the more advanced a country becomes, the more influential its language is. A. evide
4、nce B. balance C. reference D. preference解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人认为“大妈”一词的使用证明一个国家越发达，这个国家的语言影响力也会越大。Evidence证据，证明；balance平衡；reference参考；preference喜欢；偏好。根据句意可知选A。5. （湖北八市2014年高三月考）If a young man wants the to move to a different city in future years, he should keep renting instead of buying a house.A. qua
5、lification B. flexibility C. benefit D. privilege解析：B句意：如果年轻人将来想要可以灵活地迁移到另外的城市生活，他就应该租房而不是买房。qualification资格; flexibility机动性，灵活性; benefit利益，好处; privilege特权。根据句意可知选B。6. (荆州市2014届高三质检)Sometimes the _ between the reality and the dream is so great that it produces disappointment. A. combination B. appli
6、cation C. contrast D. disapproval解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：现实和梦想之间的“反差”往往让人失望。contrast对照、对比；combination联合、集合；application 申请、应用；disapproval不赞成。根据句意可知应该选择C项。7. (孝感高中2014届高三调研) The incident caused a hot discussion on the Internet, but the local government had no immediate _ on it.A. adjustment B. commitment C. c
7、ommentD. document解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事在网上引起热烈的讨论，但是当地政府迅速对它做出了评论。adjustment调整；commitment承诺，奉献；comment品论；document文件。根据句意可知应该选择C项。8. (武汉2014届高三新起点调研)Future will be a marvelous world of artificial _- robots might have their emotions and we human beings might have robots as friends A preference B intellig
8、ence C exhibition D communication解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：未来将是工智能的辉煌时代，机器人可能有情感，我们人类可能和机器人成为朋友。preference偏爱；intelligence智力；exhibition展览；communication交流。根据句意可知应该选择B项。9. (武汉部分学校2014届高三调研)As second-hand smoking is more harmful and dangerous, people want a total _against smoking in public A ban B brake C breakthro
9、ugh D boundary解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为二手烟更有害和更危险，人们想完全禁止公共场合抽烟。ban禁止；brake刹车；breakthrough突破；.boundary边界。根据句意可知应该选择A项。 10. (湖北公安县2014届高三检测)As the worlds population continues to grow, the _of food becomes more and more of a concern. A. worth B. supply C. package D. list解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着世界人口的持续增长，食物的供应成为了人们
10、越来越关心的问题。Worth价值；supply供应；package包裹；list清单。根据句意可知应该选择B项。11. （荆门龙泉中学2014届高三月考） To create a harmonious society, we need to show greater _ towards each other. A. response B. conflict C. expectation D. tolerance解析：D句意：为了创造和谐社会，我们需要相互忍让。Response反映；conflict冲突；expectation期望； tolerance忍耐。根据句意可知应该选择D项。12.（湖北
11、孝感高中2014届高三9月调研）The two Chinese scientists have made a wonderful discovery, which marks a major _ in the basic research in the field.A. reformB. approachC. boundaryD. breakthrough解析：D考查名词辨析。句意:这两个中国科学家做出重大发现，这标志看这个领域的重大 突破。reform改革； approach方式，方法；boundary边界；breakthrough突破。根据句意可知应该选择D项。13. （湖北浠水三校201
12、4届高三联考）Mr Wang has taught for thirty years. Everybody sings high praise for his _to the cause of education.A. application B. invitation C. reception D. devotion解析：D考查名词辨析。句意:王先生已经教书十年了。每个人都高度赞扬他对教育事业的奉献。application申请，应用；invitation邀请；reception接待；devotion奉献。根据句意可知应该选择D项。 提高强化1. (荆州2014届高三质检)The CCTV s
13、how Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse peoples _ in Chinese. A. response B. enthusiasm C. significance D. consequence 解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：CCTV汉字听写大赛设置的初衷部分是为了唤起人们对中文的热情。 response to sth 对的反应；significance:意义、重要性；consequence:后果、结果。均
14、不合题意。enthusiasm热情。故B项正确。 2. （湖北重点中学2014届高三联考）Often looking at your daily behavior from a different _ will help you change your actions for the better. A .procedure B .perspective C. principle D .prediction 解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：经常从不同的角度审视自己的日常行为将会帮助你把自己的行为改变的更好。procedure程序；perspective角度；principle原则；predic
15、tion预测，根据句意可知应该选择B。 3. (襄阳2014届高三调研)For many foreign learners, even if they have learnt Chinese for some years, they only have some _with it, far from expert at this complex language A. addition B. commitment C. acquaintance D. capacity 解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于很多外国学习者而言，即使他们学习汉语几年了。addition增加；commitment投入
16、，奉献；acquaintance熟人，相识的人；capacity容量，才能，性能，生产能力。根据句意可知应该选择C。 4. （黄冈三校2014届11月联考） Mr Green often says “what is learnt in the _ lasts to the grave”, intending to impress on us the significance of reading more books while were young.A. brochure B. association C. encyclopedia D. cradle解析：D考查名词辨析。句意：格林老师说“
17、幼年时期学习的东西会伴随终身”，为了让我们意识到看书的重要性。brochure小册子；association协会，联想，交往；encyclopedia百科全书；cradle摇篮，发源地。in the cradle在幼年时期。故选D。5. （湖北重点中学2014届高三月考）The accused man, who used to be an influential political chief in Chongqing, was sentenced to life in jail for taking bribery as well as _ of power.A. possession B.
18、 abuse C. occupation D. accusation解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：被告曾是重庆一个颇具影响力的政治领袖，因受贿和滥用职权被判终身监禁。possession所有；拥有；占有物； abuse滥用；侮辱； occupation 占用；占领；职业； accusation 谴责；指控。根据句意可知应该选择B项。6. （湖北重点中学2014届高三联考）“The Voice of China”, the program which is the Chinese version of Dutch series ”The Voice of Holland”, has become
19、very popular for it provides audience with a wide _ of music styles that suit various tastes of music lovers.A. division B. area C. range D. circle解析：C本题考查的是名词辨析。句意：“中国好声音”是中国版的“荷兰好声音”，这个节目很受欢迎因为它给观众提供各种各样的音乐风格，适合各种口味的音乐爱好者。division分开；分隔；area 地区；区域； range 范围；类别 ； circle圆圈；周期。根据句意可知应该选择C项。7.（湖北八校2014
20、届高三联考）The lead singer was ill and couldnt sing that night, and her _ didnt perform well, which made the audience disappointed.A .attitude B .substitute C. institute D .altitude 解析：B本题考查的是名词辨析。句意：那天晚上领衔歌手生病无法演出，她的替补表现得也不好，这让观众很失望。 substitute意为替换者；替补，符合句意。attitude意为态度， institute意为学会，协会；学院， altitude意为高
21、度；海拔，这三项均不符合句意。8. （湖北省八校2014届高三第一次联考）Unlike a stage actor, a film actor must be able to perform small scenes out of _ and often days apart in time.A. complimentB. strategyC. interruptionD. sequence 解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：与戏剧演员不同，电影演员必须能够在打乱了先后顺序，常常是在相隔几天的情况下拍一些短镜头。sequence意为“次序，顺序”，compliment意为“恭维；称赞；问候；致意
22、”，strategy意为“战略，策略”，interruption意为“中断；干扰”。 根据句意可知选D。9. (湖北教学合作2014届高三十月联考)When a good deed turns out to be part of a dishonest and untrue _, it really hurts people and can make them indifferent (冷漠的) to others sufferings.A. compromiseB. schemeC. promotionD. discount 解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：当一件好事被证明是一场欺骗和虚伪的策划
23、时，它能伤害人们并使人们对他人所遭受的苦难漠不关心。scheme“设计；策划，谋划”；compromise意为“折衷：妥协”，promotion“晋升；推销，促销；促进”，discount“折扣”。 根据句意可知应该选择B项。10. （湖北沙市中学2014届高三检测）Its said that we are now living in an age in which the _ of wealth appears to be more important than reputation. A. administrationB. directionC. acquisitionD. conside
24、ration解析：C 考查名词辨析。句意：据说我们如今生活在追求发财致富似乎比追求名誉更重要的时代。acquisition“获得；取得”，administration“管理；行政”，direction“指示，命令，指令”，consideration“考虑，关心”。 根据句意可知应该选择C项。11. （湖北2014届高三期末） One hundred percent _ to your studies, though it can be lonely and no fun at all, will leave precious marks on your youth.A. commitmentB
25、. attentionC. referenceD. reaction解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：百分百的致力于你的学习，尽管它可能会使你感到孤独和根本没有乐趣，但是它会在你的少年时期留下珍贵的印记。commitment致力; attention注意力; reference参考; reaction反应。根据句意可知应该选择A项。12. (湖北襄阳2014届高三调研)With the successful launch of Change 3, China has received worldwide for its advances in the most complicated and difficult task in exploration of space A recognition B occupation C encouragement D progress解析：A考查名词辨析。句意:随着嫦娥三号的成功发射，中困因为它在很多之岌杂的最困难的太空探险方面的任务的进步已经受到全世界的认可。recognition认可；occupation职业;encouragement鼓励;progress进步。根据句意可知应该选择A项。
