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2018届大一轮英语复习教案:BOOK 5 UNIT 1 .doc

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1、话题词汇1creativeadj.富有创造力的2determinationn决心3humorousadj.幽默的4independentadj.独立的5professionn职业6qualificationn资格;学历7behonoredas被誉为8beactivein积极从事于9beadmittedintoakeyuniversity考上重点大学10thinkhighly/wellof对高度评价话题佳作请你结合下面要点提供的信息,给某英语晚报写一篇新闻报道,简单介绍研究油菜花的父子农民科学家。要点如下:1沈克泉、沈昌健是湖南一对普通的农民父子;240年前,沈克泉立志培育出优质杂交油菜(hyb

2、ridrape);3父子二人靠自学、肉眼观察、记录和总结规律,经1000多次实验后培育出优质品种;4“油菜花父子”用实际行动证明农民也能变成科学家。佳作欣赏ShenKequanandhissonShenChangjianwhousedtobetwocommonfarmersinHunanProvincehavebecomefamousbecausetheydevelopedhybridrapewithgoodquality.40yearsagoShenKequanmadeuphismindtocultivateakindofgoodhybridrape.Toreachhisgoal,thefa

3、rmertogetherwithhissontaughtthemselvesagricultureknowledge,observedtherapewiththeireyes,keptrecordsanddrewconclusionsthemselves.Althoughtheyhadntgotprofessionaleducation,theyusedtheirwaytofindouthowtosolvetheproblemstheymet.Finally,theyproducedakindofhybridrapewithexcellentqualityaftermorethan1,000e

4、xperiments.Thefatherandhissonsachievementtellsusthatfarmerscanalsobecomescientists.名师点睛文章结构如下:(1)指出文章要介绍的人物及事件农民父子(沈克泉、沈昌健)培育出优质杂交油菜。(2)围绕要点进行细节报道:40年前立志要培育出优质油菜;自学、观察、记录、总结;1000多次实验后终于成功。(3)总结性评价农民也能成为科学家。文中出现了定语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、宾语从句等复杂句式和usedtobe,makeuponesmind,teachoneself,drawconclusions等高级词汇,增强

5、了文章的说服力。.写作必记单词1concludevt.&vi.结束;推断出conclusionn结论;结束2attendvt.照顾;护理;出席;参加3exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光exposedadj.无遮蔽的;无保护的4curevt.治疗;治愈;n.治愈;痊愈;疗法5challengen挑战;vt.向挑战challengingadj.挑战性的6absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心absorbedadj.专心致志的7suspectvt.认为;怀疑;n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯8blamevt.责备;谴责;n.过失;责备9pollutevt.污染;弄脏pollutedadj.被污染的polluti

6、onn污染10announcevt.宣布;通告announcementn宣布;通告11instructvt.命令;指示;教导instructionn命令;指示12contributevt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助contributionn贡献;捐助.阅读识记单词13characteristicn特征;特性14scientificadj.科学的scientistn科学家15analysevt.分析16defeatvt.打败;战胜;使受挫;n.失败17expertn专家;行家;adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的18physiciann医生;内科医师19enquiryn询问enquirevt.询问20

7、severeadj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的21foreseevt.预见;预知22handlen柄;把手;vt.处理;操纵23linkvt.&n连接;联系24certaintyn确信;确实25responsibleadj.有责任的;负责的responsibilityn责任26constructvt.建设;修建constructionn建设;建筑物27positiveadj.积极的;肯定的;确实的28spinvt.&vi.(使)旋转;纺(线或纱)29enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的enthusiasmn热情,热心30cautiousadj.小心的;谨慎的cautiouslyadv.小

8、心地cautionn谨慎31rejectvt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃32universen宇宙;世界语境活用1Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution(pollute),IdlikeyoutolookatastudyconductedinAustraliain2012.(2016浙江)2Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions(conclude)(2014新课标全国)3Groupexerciseischallenging(challenge),

9、yetfunandempowering!(2015福建)4Individualscanreducetheircontribution(contribute) bycreatinglesswasteatthestartforinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.(2015江苏)5Itsagreatopportunitytolearnmoreaboutfitnessthroughtheclearinstructionandsupervision(监管) ofafitnessinstructor.(instruct) (2015福建)6Itisatr

10、uthfinallyanduniversally(universe) acknowledgedthatasinglewomanwithbrainsdeservestohaveequalopportunitiestomen.1putforward提出2drawaconclusion得出结论3expose.to使显露;暴露4betoblamefor该为受责备;应为承担责任5link.to.将和联系或连接起来6makecontributionsto对作出贡献7apartfrom除之外;此外8(be)strictwith.对严格的9leadto导致10makesense讲得通;有意义语境活用Madam

11、eCurieandPierreCuriewereabsorbedintheresearchintoradioactivematter,which1.ledto(导致) thediscoveryofradiumandpolonium.Meanwhile,they2.putforward(提出) somenewtheoriesaboutradioactivity.In1903,theywereawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics.MadameCurie3.madegreatcontributionsto(对作出巨大贡献) thedevelopmentofscience,bu

12、tmoneyandreputation4.madenosense(没意义) toher.Shediedofleukemiabecauseshe5.wasexposedto(暴露于)radioactivesubstance.1neither.nor.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们不知它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。仿写我们和动物一样离不开水,农业和工业也离不开水。We,aswellasanimals,cannotlivewithoutwaterandneitheragriculturenorindustrycangowithoutit.2eve

13、rytime引导时间状语从句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次暴发(霍乱)时,都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。仿写每当他结束一天(工作)到家时,我们都在门口迎接他。(2016浙江)Everytimehearrivedhomeattheendoftheday,wedgreethimatthedoor.3suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexa

14、mined.为防止这种情况再度发生,约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。仿写一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。(2016全国)Someclassmatessuggestwe(should)gotoplacesofinterestnearby.concludev断定,推断出;得出结论;使结束,终止(1)ResearchersconcludethattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.研究者推断出当法国人感到吃饱的时候往往会不再吃了。(2014陕西)(2)Whatconclusionsdoyoudrawfromtheevidenceyouveheard

15、? 从你听到的证据中你得出什么结论?(1)conclude sth.with.就某事与某人达成协议;以结束conclude sth.from.从推断出(2)conclusion n结论;推论arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之;最后基础知识训练(1)Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying.(2)WhatcanweconcludefromStaffordsresearch?(3)Inconclusion,IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmys

16、elftoday.写作能力提升(4)从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。Twoconclusionscanbedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.Therearetwoconclusionstobedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.exposev使置身于危险中;暴露;揭露;使曝光(1)Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab,itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.他的研究表明,当知更鸟晚上暴露在实验室里的光下时,会导致一些基

17、因在一天中错误的时刻活跃。(2015四川)(2)Theseunitsexposedchildrentomanyviewpointsofagivenissue.这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。expose sth./sb./oneself to.使某物/某人/自己暴露于be exposed to暴露于;经受基础知识训练(1)Thenewspaperexposedhissecrettothepublic.(2)Beingexposed(expose) toadvertisementsisannoying,butitcanbepleasantsometimes.写作能力提升(3)B

18、eingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)Ifexposedtothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用if省略句改写)(4)Hewasexposedtotherainandwindlastnightandhewasill.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Exposedtotherainandwindlastnig

19、ht,hewasill.absorbv吸收(液体、气体等);吸引全部注意力;使全神贯注;使并入,吞并(1)Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.当秃鹰吃了其他含铅动物的尸体时,它们吸收了很多铅。(2016北京)(2)Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收be

20、 absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有:belostin,beburiedin,fix/focusonesattentionon,devote.to,concentrateonesmindon,applyoneselfto,beaddictedto等。基础知识训练(1)Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb) inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.(2)Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedinto

21、/bybigbusinesses.(3)Afterabsorbing(absorb) enoughwater,theplantsgrowwell.(4)Absorbed(absorb) inpainting,Johndidntnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015天津)写作能力提升(5)HewassoabsorbedinTVthatheforgottosleep.(用形容词短语作状语改写)AbsorbedinTV,heforgottosleep.blamev把归咎于,责怪,指责;n过失;责任;责备,指责(1)Ifyoufailtheexam,youllonlyhaveyo

22、urselftoblame.你若考试不及格,只能怪自己。(牛津词典)(2)Everybodyknowsthatheistoblameforthis.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。blame sb.for.因而指责某人;把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任;该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责;为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上blame,charge,accuse(1)blame责备,谴责;归咎

23、于,归罪于(on)。常用于blamesb.forsth.因某事指责某人;blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人。(2)charge控告;谴责。常用于chargesb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。(3)accuse控告,指控;指责,谴责。常用于accusesb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。基础知识训练(1)Shewassaidtohavebeenchargedwithdrunkdriving.(2)Iwastoldthathewasaccusedofmurder.(3)Itisobviousthatyouaretoblameforthea

24、ccident.写作能力提升(4)他把考试失败归咎于老师。Heblamedthefailureofhisexamontheteacher.(blame.on)Heblamedtheteacherforthefailureofhisexam.(blame.for)Heput/laidtheblameforthefailureofhisexamontheteacher.(blamen)contributev捐献;捐助;是的原因之一;贡献;投稿(1)Werenotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.我们并不是说每个人都要把一生

25、用来帮助穷人。(2016四川)(2)Wouldyouliketomakecontributions/acontributiontothehospitalbuildingfund?你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗?(1)contribute.to.把贡献给contributeto有助于;导致;把(时间)投入到;捐款;投稿(2)makeacontribution/contributionsto对作出贡献;捐款基础知识训练(1)Wehopeyoursuggestionwillcontributetosolving(solve) theproblem.(2)Isuggestthatyoudevelopthe

26、dailyhabitofacknowledgingothersandpraisingthemforanycontribution(contribute) thattheymaketoyourlife.(3)Herfamilyhavecontributed50,000tothefund.写作能力提升(4)Variousfactorscontributedtohisdownfall.Variousfactorsresultedin/ledto/wereresponsiblefor/caused/broughtabouthisdownfall.apart/asidefrom除之外;此外(1)Apar

27、tfromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephantsstomach,theforestwassilent.除了偶尔来自大象胃里的噪音外,森林里寂静无声。(2014重庆)(2)Asidefromaseverefright,Mr.Whitewasuninjured.除了(受到了)严重惊吓之外,怀特先生并没有受伤。表示“除之外”的短语还有:(1)besidesin addition to除之外(还,也),常与also,more,other等连用。(2)except除外(都),常与all,every,no,none,nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。(3)exc

28、ept for除以外,其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的,是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。apart/asidefrom作“除之外”,既等于but,except,也可和besides。基础知识训练(1)Allthestudentstookpartinthesportsmeetingexcept/apartfromTom.(2)Weneedthreemorechairsbesides/apartfromthesetwo.(3)Apartfrom/Exceptfortheending,itsareallygoodfilm.写作能力提升(4)Nooneapartfromherhusbandkn

29、ewaboutherjob.Noonebut/exceptherhusbandknewaboutherjob.(5)ApartfromFrench,healsohastostudyJapanese.Inadditionto/BesidesFrench,healsohastostudyJapanese.makesense讲得通;有意义(1)Itjustdoesntmakesensewhywouldshedoathinglikethat? 这真是无法解释她为什么会做出这样的事情?(朗文词典)(2)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlym

30、akeanysenseofthematall.这篇文章有那么多生词,我根本不理解它们的意义。make sense of弄懂的意思;理解,make no sense没道理;没意义in a sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上in no sense决不(位于句首时,句子要倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。基础知识训练(1)Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.(2)Thereisnosenseinforcing(force) yourselftogetwhatyoud

31、ontwant.(3)Itisnecessarytoexplainyourtheoryatlength,otherwisetheaudiencewontmakesenseofwhatyouaretryingtogetacross.(4)Whatyousayistrueinasense.写作能力提升(5)Iinnosenseagreewiththissuggestion.(改为倒装句)InnosensedoIagreewiththissuggestion.attendv出席,参加;照料,护理;处理,对付(1)Attendtoyourworkandstoptalking.专心(2)Thenurse

32、swereattendingtotheinjuredman.照顾,护理(3)Hetookashortleaveofabsencetoattendtopersonalbusiness.处理(4)Mindyou,faceforwardandattendtotheteacher!倾听(5)Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?Imafraidnot,forIhavesomethingimportanttoattend(attend) to.(6)Youmustattendtoyourwork.(7)Youhavemissedseveralattendances(attend)

33、thisterm.在attendschool/class/church短语中,名词school/class/church前不带冠词。putforward提议,提出;拿出;推荐;将提前;拨快(钟表)基础知识训练(1)Putyourwatchforward;itsfiveminutesslow.拨快(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;therefore,Illputhimforwardasacandidate.推荐(3)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将提前(4)Overtheyearsseveralsim

34、ilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出写作能力提升(5)我们的英语老师提出了学英语的一些好的建议。OurEnglishteacherputforwardsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.OurEnglishteachercameupwithsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.OurEnglishteacherraisedsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.putforward提议,提出,相当于comeupwith,raise。Neitheritscau

35、senoritscurewasunderstood.,人们不知它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。句型:neither.nor.(1)Inautumn,itsneithertoohotnortoocold.在秋天,气温既不太热也不太冷。(2014天津)(2)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.或者你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。(1)neither.nor.既不也不,在句中连接两个相同的成分。当连接两个名词/代词作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)有类似用法的还有:either.or.或

36、者或者,not.but.不是而是,notonly.butalso.不但而且等。基础知识训练(1)NeitherInorJaneandMaryare(be) tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.Wereallydontwanttogotoschool.(2)Nothiswordsbuttheexpressioninhiseyeshurts(hurt) myfeelings.写作能力提升(3)Henrywontseeafilmtonight.HisgirlfriendHelenwont,either.NeitherHenrynorhisgirlfrien

37、dHelenwillseeafilmtonight.(4)Thenursesareverykindtothepatients; thedoctorisverykindtothepatients,too.Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorisverykindtothepatients.教材与语法填空JohnSnow,awellknowndoctorinLondon,became1.inspired(inspire) whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho2.wereexposed(expose) tocholera,a3

38、.deadly(dead) diseaseofhisday.Thousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak4.becausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolve5.theproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories6.explaining(explain) howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb) thediseasewitht

39、heirmeals.In1854,8.whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.toblame(blame).教材与短文改错TherewastimewhenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecausethatreaso

40、nthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardlyaboutitandtriedtofindananswer.But,allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusionwhattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystem,themovementoftheotherplanetsmadethe

41、sense.TheChristianChurchrejectshistheory.Buthertheoryisnowthebasisonthatallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.答案TherewastimewhenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecausethatreasonthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandaboutitandtriedtofindan

42、answer.,allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusiontheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystem,theoftheotherplanetsmadethesense.TheChristianChurchhistheory.Buttheoryisnowthebasisonallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.教材与微写作写作素材 (关于医学)1布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患

43、了重病。2专家用一切办法企图治愈他。3最后他们宣布病毒被打败了。4但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。5人们说这种病毒该受责备。提示:黑体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用现在分词短语作状语,宾语从句等。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Beingexposedtoadeadlyvirus,Blackwasseverelyill.Expertsusedallthewaystocurehim.Finallytheyannouncedthattheviruswasdefeatedbutheneededattendingbeforehewasfullyrecovered.Peo

44、plesaidthattheviruswastoblame.单句语法填空1Theauthorsmothertoldhimtoborrowabookinordertohelpcurehimofhisreadingproblem.(2015天津)2NooneissurehowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsnearCairo.Butanewstudysuggeststheyused(use) alittlerocknroll.(2015四川)3LittleTomsatamazed(amaze) watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontof

45、him.(2015四川)4NowthatChicagoswastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecitysnextstepwastocleanthepolluted(pollute) river.(2015湖南)5Inspiteofthelargescaleconstruction(construct) ofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.(2015江苏)6Alsobecautiousaboutexpressingemotions.(2014重庆)7Wh

46、atamess! Youarealwayssolazy!Imnottoblame(blame),mum.Iamwhatyouhavemademe.(2014江苏)8IcanjumponitanytimewakingupmyparentsifIamscaredorifIhaveanimportantannouncement(announce) thatcannotwaituntilthemorning.9ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverely(severe) criticized,neverappearsinit.10Wesuggeste

47、dthathe(should)make(make) anapologytohisteacher.阅读理解(2017湖南桃江一中月考)Nowagroupofscientists,includingonesfromCalTech,MITandtheLIGOScientificCollaborationfinallyfoundthegravitationalwaves(引力波)Theyannouncedtheywereabletoseeripples(波纹) inthestructureofspacetime.Whatarethesegravitationalwaves? Well,imaginet

48、hrowingarockintoapond.Whentherockhitstheflatsurfaceofthewater,itcreatesripples.Spacetimeislikethesurfaceofthewater.Sogravitationalwavesareliketheripplesmovingoutfromwheretherockhitsthewater.ItwasEinsteinwhosaidthesegravitationalwavesshouldbeobservable.Butthesearenothugewaves.Theyaresmallerthanthesiz

49、eofanatom,whichiswhyittooksolongtofindthem.Since2002,scientistshavebeenwatchingforthesegravitationalwaves,usingagiantscientifictoolcalledLIGO.Theyhavebeenwatchingtwoblackholesinanothergalaxy(星系) faraway.Thetwowerespinningaroundeachother,movingcloserandclosertogether.Whentheyfinallycrashedintoeachoth

50、er,gravitationalwaveswerecaused.Withgreatpowerandforce,theyrangthroughouttheuniverse,likeagiantbell.Thosewaves,travelingatthespeedoflight,finallyreachedtheEarth,some1.3billionyearslater.TheNationalScienceFoundationsaidthateachoftheblackholeswas29to36timesthemassofoursun.Thisdiscoverymeansourundersta

51、ndingoftheheavenshaschangedgreatly.11Theauthorexplainsthegravitationalwavesby.ApresentingrecentresearchfindingsBdrawingavividpictureCcomparingthemtosomethingfamiliarDusingproperexamples答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“Spacetimeislikethesurfaceofthewater.Sogravitationalwavesareliketheripplesmovingoutfromwhereth

52、erockhitsthewater.”可知,作者通过和相似东西对比来解释重力波。故选C。12Accordingtotheauthor,findingthegravitationalwavesmeans.AthereisabetterwaytodealwithphysicsproblemsBwehaveabetterunderstandingoftheuniverseCwehavereachedanewlevelinearthstudiesDthereexistsanothergalaxyintheuniverse答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisdiscoverymeansourun

53、derstandingoftheheavenshaschangedgreatly.”可知,发现重力波意味着我们对宇宙有更好的理解。故选B。13Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph4referto?ATheblackholes.BThegravitationalwaves.CThescientifictools.DThegalaxies.答案A解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前两句“Theyhavebeenwatchingtwoblackholesinanothergalaxy(星系) faraway.Thetwowerespinningaroundeachothe

54、r,movingcloserandclosertogether.”可知,they指的是“黑洞”。故选A。14Thispassagemainlytalksabout.AanewtheoryofgravitationalwavesoppositetoEinsteinsBadescriptionofthescientificresearchonblackholesCtherelationshipbetweenblackholesandgravitationalwavesDthediscoveryofgravitationalwavesEinsteinbelievedobservable答案D解析主旨

55、大意题。根据第一段第一句“Nowagroupofscientists,includingonesfromCalTech,MITandtheLIGOScientificCollaborationfinallyfoundthegravitationalwaves(引力波)”及第三段第一句“ItwasEinsteinwhosaidthesegravitationalwavesshouldbeobservable.”可知,文章介绍发现爱因斯坦相信可以观察到的重力波。故选D。.七选五(2017河北武邑中学调研)HowtoBecomeanEffectiveLeaderThekeytobecomingane

56、ffectiveleaderisnottofocusonmakingotherpeoplefollow,butonmakingyourselfthekindofpersontheywanttofollow.15Ittakestimetobecomeatrustworthyleader.Asyouprepareyourselftobecomeabetterleader,usethefollowingguidelinestohelpyougrow:Dontbeselfcentered.Thetrulygreatleadersarenotinleadershipforpersonalgain.16P

57、erhapsthatiswhyLawrenceBellremarked,“Amanwhocannotbothertodolittlethingsforothersareunlikelytobecomeagoodleader.”17Rareistheeffectiveleaderwhodidntlearntobecomeagoodfollowerfirst.ThatiswhyaleadershipinstitutionsuchastheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyteachesitsofficerstobecomeeffectivefollowersfirst.Work

58、withexcellence.Noonerespectsandfollowsmediocrity(平庸)Leaderswhoearntherighttoleadgivetheiralltowhattheydo.Theybringintoplaynotonlytheirskillsandtalents,butalsogreatpassionandhardwork.18Giveyourpoweraway.Whatmakesleadershipsospecialisthatyoubecomeabetterleaderbysharingwhateverpoweryouhave,notbysavingi

59、tallforyourself.19Ifyouuseyourpowertoempowerothers,yourleadershipwillextendfarbeyondyourgrasp.ABecomeagoodfollowerfirst.BYouaremeanttobeariver,notapool.CTheyleadinordertoserveotherpeople.DLeadershelppeopletoreachtheirpotential.ELeadershipisntlearnedorearnedinamoment.FLeadershipisinfluence,nothingmor

60、e,nothingless.GTheyperformonthehighestlevelofwhichtheyarecapable.15答案E解析后句“Ittakestimetobecomeatrustworthyleader.”提到成为一个值得信赖的领导人需要时间,故E项“领导能力不是须臾之间习得或得到的”符合语境。16答案C解析前句“Thetrulygreatleadersarenotinleadershipforpersonalgain.”提到真正的领导人不是为了个人所得。故后句应是“领导人应该是为他人服务的”。故C符合语境。17答案A解析A选项与本段中的“becomeagoodfollo

61、werfirst”相符合。故A符合要求。18答案G解析前句提到领导者应该尽自己的最大努力,与G选项中的“performonthehighestlevel”相符。故G符合语境。19答案B解析上句提到要与别人分享你的权利。故B项“你应做一条流淌的河,而不是一潭死水”符合语境。.完形填空(2016重庆南开中学月考)Our“MommyandMe”timebegantwoyearsago.Mynextdoorneighborandfellow20,Christie,andIwereoutinourfrontyards,watchingsevenchildrenofaboutage6ridetheir21

62、upanddown.“IwishIcouldtakeoneofmychildren22alone,”saidChristie.Thenwe23aplan:WhenChristietakesoneofherchildrenout,Ill24herotherthree.Andwhenshetakescareoftwoofmine,Illtake25out.Thechildrenwereextremelyquickto26theideaof“MommyandMe”time.Christiesdaughter,McKenzie,wentfirst.Whenshereturned,theotherchi

63、ldrenshoweredherwithtonsof27.McKenziewassmiling28.Christielookedrefreshedandhappy.“Sheslikea29childwhentheresnooneelsearound,”Christiesharedwithmequickly.Becausehermotherwasalltoherself,McKenziedidnthavetomakeanefforttogain30.JustasChristiehadnoticedchanges31McKenzie,Ialsodiscoveredsomethingdifferen

64、tineachofmychildrenduringour32times.Forexample,Iamalways33whenmydaughter,whois34closetome,holdsmyhandfrequently.Mystuttering(口吃的) son,Tom,doesntstutteronceduringour35sincehedoesnthavetostruggleforachancetospeak.Andtheotherson,Sam,whosalwaysa36whenaroundotherchildrenshinesasaleaderduringourtimestoget

65、her.The“MommyandMe”time37ustobesimplyaloneandawaywitheachchildtalking,sharing,andlaughing,whichhasbeenthebiggest38.Everychild39tobeanonlychildatleastonceinawhile.语篇解读本文叙述了我和Christie进行的the“MommyandMe”活动以及这项活动给每个孩子带来的改变。20A.workerBsisterCfatherDmother答案D解析worker工人;sister姐妹;father父亲;mother母亲。我隔壁邻居孩子的妈妈

66、和我一块在院子里,看七个孩子骑车,根据语境可知是妈妈,故选D项。21A.horsesBbikesCcarsDtoys答案B解析horse马;bike自行车;car车;toy玩具。根据语境可知选B项。22A.offBoverCoutDin答案C解析Christie说,我多么希望我能单独带着其中一个孩子外出呀!takesb.out带某人出去,故选C项。23A.workedoutBthrewawayCgaveupDlookedinto答案A解析workout制订出;throwaway扔掉;giveup放弃;lookinto调查。然后我们制定一个计划。根据语境可知选A项。24A.seeBwatchCw

67、itnessDcontrol答案B解析see看到;watch看;witness目击;control控制。当Christie带走其中的一个孩子时,我照看她的其他三个孩子。根据语境可知选B项。25A.nobodyBeverybodyCsomeoneDnone答案C解析nobody没有人;everybody每个人;someone某个人;none没有人。当她照顾我的两个时,我带其中一个人出去。根据语境可知选C项。26A.acceptBreceiveCrefuseDfeel答案A解析accept接受;receive收到;refuse拒绝;feel感觉。孩子们很快接受了这个单独与妈妈相处的想法。根据下文语

68、境可知选A项。27A.emotionsBcandiesCfacesDquestions答案D解析emotion情绪;candy糖果;face脸;question问题。当她回来时,其他的孩子问了她许多的问题。根据语境可知选D项。28A.forcedlyBluckilyCbroadlyDstrongly答案C解析句意为:McKenzie开心地笑了。forcedly强迫地;luckily幸运地;strongly强壮地。29A.normalBdifferentCsimilarDbrave答案B解析normal正常的;different不同的;similar相似的;brave勇敢的。Christie与作

69、者分享McKenzie和她单独出去后回来发生的变化,即当没有人时,McKenzie像变了一个人。根据语境可知选B项。30A.awardsBattentionCresultsDappointment答案B解析award奖赏;attention注意;result结果;appointment约会。她不用尽力地去赢得注意。根据语境可知选B项。31A.inBonCoverDoff答案A解析当Christie注意到女儿的变化时,我也发现独处期间自己孩子的变化。changesinMcKenzie表示“McKenzie的变化”故选A项。32A.lonelyBhardCaloneDold答案C解析lonely孤

70、独的;hard困难的;alone单独的;old老的。根据语境可知选C项。33A.tiredBembarrassedCdisappointedDsurprised答案D解析tired疲倦的;embarrassed尴尬的;disappointed失望的;surprised吃惊的。比如,很少与我亲密的女儿不断地来握住我的手,我感到很吃惊。根据语境可知选D项。34A.seldomBalwaysCnearlyDconstantly答案A解析参考上题解析。35A.ceremoniesBmeetingsCactivitiesDchallenges答案C解析ceremony仪式;meeting会议;activ

71、ity活动;challenge挑战。我那口吃的儿子在我们活动期间也不再口吃。根据“.hedoesnthavetostruggleforachancetospeak.”知选C项。36A.liarBlecturerCdefenderDfollower答案D解析liar说谎者;lecturer主讲人;defender防御者;follower追随者。另外一个儿子总做跟随者,在活动中也成了优秀的领导者。根据语境可知选D项。37A.forbidsBleadsCeducatesDallows答案D解析forbid强迫;lead导致;educate教育;allow允许。与孩子独处的时间允许我们单独与孩子相处,说话,分享和欢笑,这是最大的收获。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事,故选D项。38A.gainBdisadvantageCsufferingDpractice答案A解析gain得到,收获;disadvantage不利条件;suffering痛苦;practice练习。句意见上题,故选A项。39A.failsBdeservesCplansDpromises答案B解析deservetobe值得成为,符合语境。fail失败;plan计划;promise承诺。故选B项。

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