1、话题词汇1creativeadj.富有创造力的2determinationn决心3humorousadj.幽默的4independentadj.独立的5professionn职业6qualificationn资格；学历7behonoredas被誉为8beactivein积极从事于9beadmittedintoakeyuniversity考上重点大学10thinkhighly/wellof对高度评价话题佳作请你结合下面要点提供的信息，给某英语晚报写一篇新闻报道，简单介绍研究油菜花的父子农民科学家。要点如下：1沈克泉、沈昌健是湖南一对普通的农民父子；240年前，沈克泉立志培育出优质杂交油菜(hyb
2、ridrape)；3父子二人靠自学、肉眼观察、记录和总结规律，经1000多次实验后培育出优质品种；4“油菜花父子”用实际行动证明农民也能变成科学家。佳作欣赏ShenKequanandhissonShenChangjianwhousedtobetwocommonfarmersinHunanProvincehavebecomefamousbecausetheydevelopedhybridrapewithgoodquality.40yearsagoShenKequanmadeuphismindtocultivateakindofgoodhybridrape.Toreachhisgoal，thefa
3、rmertogetherwithhissontaughtthemselvesagricultureknowledge，observedtherapewiththeireyes，keptrecordsanddrewconclusionsthemselves.Althoughtheyhadntgotprofessionaleducation，theyusedtheirwaytofindouthowtosolvetheproblemstheymet.Finally，theyproducedakindofhybridrapewithexcellentqualityaftermorethan1,000e
4、xperiments.Thefatherandhissonsachievementtellsusthatfarmerscanalsobecomescientists.名师点睛文章结构如下：(1)指出文章要介绍的人物及事件农民父子(沈克泉、沈昌健)培育出优质杂交油菜。(2)围绕要点进行细节报道：40年前立志要培育出优质油菜；自学、观察、记录、总结；1000多次实验后终于成功。(3)总结性评价农民也能成为科学家。文中出现了定语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、宾语从句等复杂句式和usedtobe，makeuponesmind，teachoneself，drawconclusions等高级词汇，增强
5、了文章的说服力。.写作必记单词1concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出conclusionn结论；结束2attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的4curevt.治疗；治愈；n.治愈；痊愈；疗法5challengen挑战；vt.向挑战challengingadj.挑战性的6absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心absorbedadj.专心致志的7suspectvt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8blamevt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备9pollutevt.污染；弄脏pollutedadj.被污染的polluti
6、onn污染10announcevt.宣布；通告announcementn宣布；通告11instructvt.命令；指示；教导instructionn命令；指示12contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contributionn贡献；捐助.阅读识记单词13characteristicn特征；特性14scientificadj.科学的scientistn科学家15analysevt.分析16defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败17expertn专家；行家；adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的18physiciann医生；内科医师19enquiryn询问enquirevt.询问20
7、severeadj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的21foreseevt.预见；预知22handlen柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵23linkvt.&n连接；联系24certaintyn确信；确实25responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的responsibilityn责任26constructvt.建设；修建constructionn建设；建筑物27positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的28spinvt.&vi.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)29enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的enthusiasmn热情，热心30cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的cautiouslyadv.小
8、心地cautionn谨慎31rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃32universen宇宙；世界语境活用1Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution(pollute)，IdlikeyoutolookatastudyconductedinAustraliain2012.(2016浙江)2Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions(conclude)(2014新课标全国)3Groupexerciseischallenging(challenge)，
9、yetfunandempowering！(2015福建)4Individualscanreducetheircontribution(contribute) bycreatinglesswasteatthestartforinstance，buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.(2015江苏)5Itsagreatopportunitytolearnmoreaboutfitnessthroughtheclearinstructionandsupervision(监管) ofafitnessinstructor.(instruct) (2015福建)6Itisatr
10、uthfinallyanduniversally(universe) acknowledgedthatasinglewomanwithbrainsdeservestohaveequalopportunitiestomen.1putforward提出2drawaconclusion得出结论3expose.to使显露；暴露4betoblamefor该为受责备；应为承担责任5link.to.将和联系或连接起来6makecontributionsto对作出贡献7apartfrom除之外；此外8(be)strictwith.对严格的9leadto导致10makesense讲得通；有意义语境活用Madam
11、eCurieandPierreCuriewereabsorbedintheresearchintoradioactivematter，which1.ledto(导致) thediscoveryofradiumandpolonium.Meanwhile，they2.putforward(提出) somenewtheoriesaboutradioactivity.In1903，theywereawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics.MadameCurie3.madegreatcontributionsto(对作出巨大贡献) thedevelopmentofscience，bu
12、tmoneyandreputation4.madenosense(没意义) toher.Shediedofleukemiabecauseshe5.wasexposedto(暴露于)radioactivesubstance.1neither.nor.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。仿写我们和动物一样离不开水，农业和工业也离不开水。We，aswellasanimals，cannotlivewithoutwaterandneitheragriculturenorindustrycangowithoutit.2eve
13、rytime引导时间状语从句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。仿写每当他结束一天(工作)到家时，我们都在门口迎接他。(2016浙江)Everytimehearrivedhomeattheendoftheday，wedgreethimatthedoor.3suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气Topreventthisfromhappeningagain，JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexa
14、mined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。仿写一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。(2016全国)Someclassmatessuggestwe(should)gotoplacesofinterestnearby.concludev断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止(1)ResearchersconcludethattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.研究者推断出当法国人感到吃饱的时候往往会不再吃了。(2014陕西)(2)Whatconclusionsdoyoudrawfromtheevidenceyouveheard
15、? 从你听到的证据中你得出什么结论？(1)conclude sth.with.就某事与某人达成协议；以结束conclude sth.from.从推断出(2)conclusion n结论；推论arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之；最后基础知识训练(1)Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying.(2)WhatcanweconcludefromStaffordsresearch?(3)Inconclusion，IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmys
16、elftoday.写作能力提升(4)从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。Twoconclusionscanbedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.Therearetwoconclusionstobedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.exposev使置身于危险中；暴露；揭露；使曝光(1)Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.他的研究表明，当知更鸟晚上暴露在实验室里的光下时，会导致一些基
17、因在一天中错误的时刻活跃。(2015四川)(2)Theseunitsexposedchildrentomanyviewpointsofagivenissue.这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。expose sth./sb./oneself to.使某物/某人/自己暴露于be exposed to暴露于；经受基础知识训练(1)Thenewspaperexposedhissecrettothepublic.(2)Beingexposed(expose) toadvertisementsisannoying，butitcanbepleasantsometimes.写作能力提升(3)B
18、eingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)Ifexposedtothesunlightfortoolong，youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用if省略句改写)(4)Hewasexposedtotherainandwindlastnightandhewasill.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Exposedtotherainandwindlastnig
19、ht，hewasill.absorbv吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并(1)Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead，theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.当秃鹰吃了其他含铅动物的尸体时，它们吸收了很多铅。(2016北京)(2)Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收be
20、 absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：belostin，beburiedin，fix/focusonesattentionon，devote.to，concentrateonesmindon，applyoneselfto，beaddictedto等。基础知识训练(1)Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb) inwork，whichheoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.(2)Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedinto
21、/bybigbusinesses.(3)Afterabsorbing(absorb) enoughwater，theplantsgrowwell.(4)Absorbed(absorb) inpainting，Johndidntnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015天津)写作能力提升(5)HewassoabsorbedinTVthatheforgottosleep.(用形容词短语作状语改写)AbsorbedinTV，heforgottosleep.blamev把归咎于，责怪，指责；n过失；责任；责备，指责(1)Ifyoufailtheexam，youllonlyhaveyo
22、urselftoblame.你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。(牛津词典)(2)Everybodyknowsthatheistoblameforthis.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上blame，charge，accuse(1)blame责备，谴责；归咎
23、于，归罪于(on)。常用于blamesb.forsth.因某事指责某人；blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人。(2)charge控告；谴责。常用于chargesb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。(3)accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accusesb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。基础知识训练(1)Shewassaidtohavebeenchargedwithdrunkdriving.(2)Iwastoldthathewasaccusedofmurder.(3)Itisobviousthatyouaretoblameforthea
24、ccident.写作能力提升(4)他把考试失败归咎于老师。Heblamedthefailureofhisexamontheteacher.(blame.on)Heblamedtheteacherforthefailureofhisexam.(blame.for)Heput/laidtheblameforthefailureofhisexamontheteacher.(blamen)contributev捐献；捐助；是的原因之一；贡献；投稿(1)Werenotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.我们并不是说每个人都要把一生
25、用来帮助穷人。(2016四川)(2)Wouldyouliketomakecontributions/acontributiontothehospitalbuildingfund?你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？(1)contribute.to.把贡献给contributeto有助于；导致；把(时间)投入到；捐款；投稿(2)makeacontribution/contributionsto对作出贡献；捐款基础知识训练(1)Wehopeyoursuggestionwillcontributetosolving(solve) theproblem.(2)Isuggestthatyoudevelopthe
26、dailyhabitofacknowledgingothersandpraisingthemforanycontribution(contribute) thattheymaketoyourlife.(3)Herfamilyhavecontributed50,000tothefund.写作能力提升(4)Variousfactorscontributedtohisdownfall.Variousfactorsresultedin/ledto/wereresponsiblefor/caused/broughtabouthisdownfall.apart/asidefrom除之外；此外(1)Apar
27、tfromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephantsstomach，theforestwassilent.除了偶尔来自大象胃里的噪音外，森林里寂静无声。(2014重庆)(2)Asidefromaseverefright，Mr.Whitewasuninjured.除了(受到了)严重惊吓之外，怀特先生并没有受伤。表示“除之外”的短语还有：(1)besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。(2)except除外(都)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。(3)exc
28、ept for除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。apart/asidefrom作“除之外”，既等于but，except，也可和besides。基础知识训练(1)Allthestudentstookpartinthesportsmeetingexcept/apartfromTom.(2)Weneedthreemorechairsbesides/apartfromthesetwo.(3)Apartfrom/Exceptfortheending，itsareallygoodfilm.写作能力提升(4)Nooneapartfromherhusbandkn
29、ewaboutherjob.Noonebut/exceptherhusbandknewaboutherjob.(5)ApartfromFrench，healsohastostudyJapanese.Inadditionto/BesidesFrench，healsohastostudyJapanese.makesense讲得通；有意义(1)Itjustdoesntmakesensewhywouldshedoathinglikethat? 这真是无法解释她为什么会做出这样的事情？(朗文词典)(2)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlym
30、akeanysenseofthematall.这篇文章有那么多生词，我根本不理解它们的意义。make sense of弄懂的意思；理解,make no sense没道理；没意义in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。基础知识训练(1)Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.(2)Thereisnosenseinforcing(force) yourselftogetwhatyoud
31、ontwant.(3)Itisnecessarytoexplainyourtheoryatlength，otherwisetheaudiencewontmakesenseofwhatyouaretryingtogetacross.(4)Whatyousayistrueinasense.写作能力提升(5)Iinnosenseagreewiththissuggestion.(改为倒装句)InnosensedoIagreewiththissuggestion.attendv出席，参加；照料，护理；处理，对付(1)Attendtoyourworkandstoptalking.专心(2)Thenurse
32、swereattendingtotheinjuredman.照顾，护理(3)Hetookashortleaveofabsencetoattendtopersonalbusiness.处理(4)Mindyou，faceforwardandattendtotheteacher！倾听(5)Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?Imafraidnot，forIhavesomethingimportanttoattend(attend) to.(6)Youmustattendtoyourwork.(7)Youhavemissedseveralattendances(attend)
33、thisterm.在attendschool/class/church短语中，名词school/class/church前不带冠词。putforward提议，提出；拿出；推荐；将提前；拨快(钟表)基础知识训练(1)Putyourwatchforward；itsfiveminutesslow.拨快(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition；therefore，Illputhimforwardasacandidate.推荐(3)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将提前(4)Overtheyearsseveralsim
34、ilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出写作能力提升(5)我们的英语老师提出了学英语的一些好的建议。OurEnglishteacherputforwardsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.OurEnglishteachercameupwithsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.OurEnglishteacherraisedsomegoodsuggestionsonEnglishlearning.putforward提议，提出，相当于comeupwith，raise。Neitheritscau
35、senoritscurewasunderstood.,人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。句型：neither.nor.(1)Inautumn，itsneithertoohotnortoocold.在秋天，气温既不太热也不太冷。(2014天津)(2)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.或者你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。(1)neither.nor.既不也不，在句中连接两个相同的成分。当连接两个名词/代词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)有类似用法的还有：either.or.或
36、者或者，not.but.不是而是，notonly.butalso.不但而且等。基础知识训练(1)NeitherInorJaneandMaryare(be) tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.Wereallydontwanttogotoschool.(2)Nothiswordsbuttheexpressioninhiseyeshurts(hurt) myfeelings.写作能力提升(3)Henrywontseeafilmtonight.HisgirlfriendHelenwont，either.NeitherHenrynorhisgirlfrien
37、dHelenwillseeafilmtonight.(4)Thenursesareverykindtothepatients; thedoctorisverykindtothepatients，too.Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorisverykindtothepatients.教材与语法填空JohnSnow，awellknowndoctorinLondon，became1.inspired(inspire) whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho2.wereexposed(expose) tocholera，a3
38、.deadly(dead) diseaseofhisday.Thousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak4.becausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolve5.theproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories6.explaining(explain) howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb) thediseasewitht
39、heirmeals.In1854,8.whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon，hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade，hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.toblame(blame).教材与短文改错TherewastimewhenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecausethatreaso
40、nthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardlyaboutitandtriedtofindananswer.But，allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusionwhattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystem，themovementoftheotherplanetsmadethe
41、sense.TheChristianChurchrejectshistheory.Buthertheoryisnowthebasisonthatallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.答案TherewastimewhenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecausethatreasonthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandaboutitandtriedtofindan
42、answer.，allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusiontheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystem，theoftheotherplanetsmadethesense.TheChristianChurchhistheory.Buttheoryisnowthebasisonallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.教材与微写作写作素材 (关于医学)1布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患
43、了重病。2专家用一切办法企图治愈他。3最后他们宣布病毒被打败了。4但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。5人们说这种病毒该受责备。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词短语作状语，宾语从句等。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Beingexposedtoadeadlyvirus，Blackwasseverelyill.Expertsusedallthewaystocurehim.Finallytheyannouncedthattheviruswasdefeatedbutheneededattendingbeforehewasfullyrecovered.Peo
44、plesaidthattheviruswastoblame.单句语法填空1Theauthorsmothertoldhimtoborrowabookinordertohelpcurehimofhisreadingproblem.(2015天津)2NooneissurehowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsnearCairo.Butanewstudysuggeststheyused(use) alittlerocknroll.(2015四川)3LittleTomsatamazed(amaze) watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontof
45、him.(2015四川)4NowthatChicagoswastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver，thecitysnextstepwastocleanthepolluted(pollute) river.(2015湖南)5Inspiteofthelargescaleconstruction(construct) ofroadsandhighways，thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.(2015江苏)6Alsobecautiousaboutexpressingemotions.(2014重庆)7Wh
46、atamess! Youarealwayssolazy!Imnottoblame(blame)，mum.Iamwhatyouhavemademe.(2014江苏)8IcanjumponitanytimewakingupmyparentsifIamscaredorifIhaveanimportantannouncement(announce) thatcannotwaituntilthemorning.9ThetermNiggerJim，forwhichthenovelisoftenseverely(severe) criticized，neverappearsinit.10Wesuggeste
47、dthathe(should)make(make) anapologytohisteacher.阅读理解(2017湖南桃江一中月考)Nowagroupofscientists，includingonesfromCalTech，MITandtheLIGOScientificCollaborationfinallyfoundthegravitationalwaves(引力波)Theyannouncedtheywereabletoseeripples(波纹) inthestructureofspacetime.Whatarethesegravitationalwaves? Well，imaginet
48、hrowingarockintoapond.Whentherockhitstheflatsurfaceofthewater，itcreatesripples.Spacetimeislikethesurfaceofthewater.Sogravitationalwavesareliketheripplesmovingoutfromwheretherockhitsthewater.ItwasEinsteinwhosaidthesegravitationalwavesshouldbeobservable.Butthesearenothugewaves.Theyaresmallerthanthesiz
49、eofanatom，whichiswhyittooksolongtofindthem.Since2002，scientistshavebeenwatchingforthesegravitationalwaves，usingagiantscientifictoolcalledLIGO.Theyhavebeenwatchingtwoblackholesinanothergalaxy(星系) faraway.Thetwowerespinningaroundeachother，movingcloserandclosertogether.Whentheyfinallycrashedintoeachoth
50、er，gravitationalwaveswerecaused.Withgreatpowerandforce，theyrangthroughouttheuniverse，likeagiantbell.Thosewaves，travelingatthespeedoflight，finallyreachedtheEarth，some1.3billionyearslater.TheNationalScienceFoundationsaidthateachoftheblackholeswas29to36timesthemassofoursun.Thisdiscoverymeansourundersta
51、ndingoftheheavenshaschangedgreatly.11Theauthorexplainsthegravitationalwavesby.ApresentingrecentresearchfindingsBdrawingavividpictureCcomparingthemtosomethingfamiliarDusingproperexamples答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“Spacetimeislikethesurfaceofthewater.Sogravitationalwavesareliketheripplesmovingoutfromwhereth
52、erockhitsthewater.”可知，作者通过和相似东西对比来解释重力波。故选C。12Accordingtotheauthor，findingthegravitationalwavesmeans.AthereisabetterwaytodealwithphysicsproblemsBwehaveabetterunderstandingoftheuniverseCwehavereachedanewlevelinearthstudiesDthereexistsanothergalaxyintheuniverse答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisdiscoverymeansourun
53、derstandingoftheheavenshaschangedgreatly.”可知，发现重力波意味着我们对宇宙有更好的理解。故选B。13Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph4referto?ATheblackholes.BThegravitationalwaves.CThescientifictools.DThegalaxies.答案A解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前两句“Theyhavebeenwatchingtwoblackholesinanothergalaxy(星系) faraway.Thetwowerespinningaroundeachothe
54、r，movingcloserandclosertogether.”可知，they指的是“黑洞”。故选A。14Thispassagemainlytalksabout.AanewtheoryofgravitationalwavesoppositetoEinsteinsBadescriptionofthescientificresearchonblackholesCtherelationshipbetweenblackholesandgravitationalwavesDthediscoveryofgravitationalwavesEinsteinbelievedobservable答案D解析主旨
55、大意题。根据第一段第一句“Nowagroupofscientists，includingonesfromCalTech，MITandtheLIGOScientificCollaborationfinallyfoundthegravitationalwaves(引力波)”及第三段第一句“ItwasEinsteinwhosaidthesegravitationalwavesshouldbeobservable.”可知，文章介绍发现爱因斯坦相信可以观察到的重力波。故选D。.七选五(2017河北武邑中学调研)HowtoBecomeanEffectiveLeaderThekeytobecomingane
56、ffectiveleaderisnottofocusonmakingotherpeoplefollow，butonmakingyourselfthekindofpersontheywanttofollow.15Ittakestimetobecomeatrustworthyleader.Asyouprepareyourselftobecomeabetterleader，usethefollowingguidelinestohelpyougrow：Dontbeselfcentered.Thetrulygreatleadersarenotinleadershipforpersonalgain.16P
57、erhapsthatiswhyLawrenceBellremarked，“Amanwhocannotbothertodolittlethingsforothersareunlikelytobecomeagoodleader.”17Rareistheeffectiveleaderwhodidntlearntobecomeagoodfollowerfirst.ThatiswhyaleadershipinstitutionsuchastheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyteachesitsofficerstobecomeeffectivefollowersfirst.Work
58、withexcellence.Noonerespectsandfollowsmediocrity(平庸)Leaderswhoearntherighttoleadgivetheiralltowhattheydo.Theybringintoplaynotonlytheirskillsandtalents，butalsogreatpassionandhardwork.18Giveyourpoweraway.Whatmakesleadershipsospecialisthatyoubecomeabetterleaderbysharingwhateverpoweryouhave，notbysavingi
59、tallforyourself.19Ifyouuseyourpowertoempowerothers，yourleadershipwillextendfarbeyondyourgrasp.ABecomeagoodfollowerfirst.BYouaremeanttobeariver，notapool.CTheyleadinordertoserveotherpeople.DLeadershelppeopletoreachtheirpotential.ELeadershipisntlearnedorearnedinamoment.FLeadershipisinfluence，nothingmor
60、e，nothingless.GTheyperformonthehighestlevelofwhichtheyarecapable.15答案E解析后句“Ittakestimetobecomeatrustworthyleader.”提到成为一个值得信赖的领导人需要时间，故E项“领导能力不是须臾之间习得或得到的”符合语境。16答案C解析前句“Thetrulygreatleadersarenotinleadershipforpersonalgain.”提到真正的领导人不是为了个人所得。故后句应是“领导人应该是为他人服务的”。故C符合语境。17答案A解析A选项与本段中的“becomeagoodfollo
61、werfirst”相符合。故A符合要求。18答案G解析前句提到领导者应该尽自己的最大努力，与G选项中的“performonthehighestlevel”相符。故G符合语境。19答案B解析上句提到要与别人分享你的权利。故B项“你应做一条流淌的河，而不是一潭死水”符合语境。.完形填空(2016重庆南开中学月考)Our“MommyandMe”timebegantwoyearsago.Mynextdoorneighborandfellow20，Christie，andIwereoutinourfrontyards，watchingsevenchildrenofaboutage6ridetheir21
62、upanddown.“IwishIcouldtakeoneofmychildren22alone，”saidChristie.Thenwe23aplan：WhenChristietakesoneofherchildrenout，Ill24herotherthree.Andwhenshetakescareoftwoofmine，Illtake25out.Thechildrenwereextremelyquickto26theideaof“MommyandMe”time.Christiesdaughter，McKenzie，wentfirst.Whenshereturned，theotherchi
63、ldrenshoweredherwithtonsof27.McKenziewassmiling28.Christielookedrefreshedandhappy.“Sheslikea29childwhentheresnooneelsearound，”Christiesharedwithmequickly.Becausehermotherwasalltoherself，McKenziedidnthavetomakeanefforttogain30.JustasChristiehadnoticedchanges31McKenzie，Ialsodiscoveredsomethingdifferen
64、tineachofmychildrenduringour32times.Forexample，Iamalways33whenmydaughter，whois34closetome，holdsmyhandfrequently.Mystuttering(口吃的) son，Tom，doesntstutteronceduringour35sincehedoesnthavetostruggleforachancetospeak.Andtheotherson，Sam，whosalwaysa36whenaroundotherchildrenshinesasaleaderduringourtimestoget
65、her.The“MommyandMe”time37ustobesimplyaloneandawaywitheachchildtalking，sharing，andlaughing，whichhasbeenthebiggest38.Everychild39tobeanonlychildatleastonceinawhile.语篇解读本文叙述了我和Christie进行的the“MommyandMe”活动以及这项活动给每个孩子带来的改变。20A.workerBsisterCfatherDmother答案D解析worker工人；sister姐妹；father父亲；mother母亲。我隔壁邻居孩子的妈妈
66、和我一块在院子里，看七个孩子骑车，根据语境可知是妈妈，故选D项。21A.horsesBbikesCcarsDtoys答案B解析horse马；bike自行车；car车；toy玩具。根据语境可知选B项。22A.offBoverCoutDin答案C解析Christie说，我多么希望我能单独带着其中一个孩子外出呀！takesb.out带某人出去，故选C项。23A.workedoutBthrewawayCgaveupDlookedinto答案A解析workout制订出；throwaway扔掉；giveup放弃；lookinto调查。然后我们制定一个计划。根据语境可知选A项。24A.seeBwatchCw
67、itnessDcontrol答案B解析see看到；watch看；witness目击；control控制。当Christie带走其中的一个孩子时，我照看她的其他三个孩子。根据语境可知选B项。25A.nobodyBeverybodyCsomeoneDnone答案C解析nobody没有人；everybody每个人；someone某个人；none没有人。当她照顾我的两个时，我带其中一个人出去。根据语境可知选C项。26A.acceptBreceiveCrefuseDfeel答案A解析accept接受；receive收到；refuse拒绝；feel感觉。孩子们很快接受了这个单独与妈妈相处的想法。根据下文语
68、境可知选A项。27A.emotionsBcandiesCfacesDquestions答案D解析emotion情绪；candy糖果；face脸；question问题。当她回来时，其他的孩子问了她许多的问题。根据语境可知选D项。28A.forcedlyBluckilyCbroadlyDstrongly答案C解析句意为：McKenzie开心地笑了。forcedly强迫地；luckily幸运地；strongly强壮地。29A.normalBdifferentCsimilarDbrave答案B解析normal正常的；different不同的；similar相似的；brave勇敢的。Christie与作
69、者分享McKenzie和她单独出去后回来发生的变化，即当没有人时，McKenzie像变了一个人。根据语境可知选B项。30A.awardsBattentionCresultsDappointment答案B解析award奖赏；attention注意；result结果；appointment约会。她不用尽力地去赢得注意。根据语境可知选B项。31A.inBonCoverDoff答案A解析当Christie注意到女儿的变化时，我也发现独处期间自己孩子的变化。changesinMcKenzie表示“McKenzie的变化”故选A项。32A.lonelyBhardCaloneDold答案C解析lonely孤
70、独的；hard困难的；alone单独的；old老的。根据语境可知选C项。33A.tiredBembarrassedCdisappointedDsurprised答案D解析tired疲倦的；embarrassed尴尬的；disappointed失望的；surprised吃惊的。比如，很少与我亲密的女儿不断地来握住我的手，我感到很吃惊。根据语境可知选D项。34A.seldomBalwaysCnearlyDconstantly答案A解析参考上题解析。35A.ceremoniesBmeetingsCactivitiesDchallenges答案C解析ceremony仪式；meeting会议；activ
71、ity活动；challenge挑战。我那口吃的儿子在我们活动期间也不再口吃。根据“.hedoesnthavetostruggleforachancetospeak.”知选C项。36A.liarBlecturerCdefenderDfollower答案D解析liar说谎者；lecturer主讲人；defender防御者；follower追随者。另外一个儿子总做跟随者，在活动中也成了优秀的领导者。根据语境可知选D项。37A.forbidsBleadsCeducatesDallows答案D解析forbid强迫；lead导致；educate教育；allow允许。与孩子独处的时间允许我们单独与孩子相处，说话，分享和欢笑，这是最大的收获。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事，故选D项。38A.gainBdisadvantageCsufferingDpractice答案A解析gain得到，收获；disadvantage不利条件；suffering痛苦；practice练习。句意见上题，故选A项。39A.failsBdeservesCplansDpromises答案B解析deservetobe值得成为，符合语境。fail失败；plan计划；promise承诺。故选B项。