1、英语人教版新课标必修3Unit 2第2-6课时整体教案The second period Extensive readingPre-readingLearn these proverbs. You are what you eat. 人如其食。 First wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一财富。 -EmersonAn apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一个苹果，医生不来找。New words and phrases: limited: not very great in amount or extent 有限的 benefit: ad
2、vantage that sth. gives you 优势,益处 sigh: take a long deep breath叹气,叹息 combine: join two or more things together to form a single one 组合, 联合 earn ones living: keep alive in a certain style 谋生/挣钱维持生活 in debt: owe a lot of money 欠债 glare at: stare angrily or fiercely 怒目而视 Can you guess what will happen
3、to Wang Pengwei and Yong Hui? Read the text fast, then answer the following questions:1. How did Yong Hui feel when she came to Wangs restaurant? Why?2. What did they find after their chat?3. How did they solve their problems and become good friends?4. How did they combine their menus and provide a
4、balanced menu?5. Why was their cooperation a success?Discussion What can we learn from the passage?We can learn that it is never too late to change bad eating habits and begin afresh.The third period Grammar情态动词 1. ought toshould should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。ought to 的语气稍重一些。 You ought to (sho
5、uld) follow your teachers advice. 表示主语的义务或责任： You should take care of your sister 你应当去照顾你妹妹。 或指出个正确、明智的动作： They shouldnt allow parking here；the street is too narrow 这儿不该允许停车；马路太窄了。should 和ought to 后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示”过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示”过去不该做但做了”。You should/ought to have made the decision a week ago.
6、I shouldnt have made such a foolish mistake. 多数情况下，ought to 可与should互换使用。ought to的反意疑问句用shouldnt替代。 2. must和have to must的用法 1）表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,意思为“必须，得，要”；由must 引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或haveto,否定回答要用neednt或donthaveto, 意思是“不必” ； must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。如： MustIfinishthetaskrightnow? 我现在必须完成这个工作
7、吗？ Yes,youmust./Yes,youhaveto. 是的。 (No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 不，不必。) You mustnt come here without permission. 未经允许，你不能来这儿。 haveto的用法 1）must表示一种主观的需要，而haveto表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。如： I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。 Mother is out, so I have to look af
8、ter the shop. 妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。 2）haveto的否定形式是dont have to, 相当于neednt。如： They dont have to buy a computer at present. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。背景知识I Healthy Eating for LifetimeVariety, Balance and Moderation A healthy diet includes all foods. Variety is important because no one food can provide all the nutrients
9、 the body needs for health. Try new foods to tantalize your taste and vary your nutrient intake.We can make many possible choices within each food group. Choices may be made to accentuate specific needs like fiber. For example, in the protein-rich meat group, beans are a low fat, high fiber option c
10、ompared to ground beef. In the fruit group, whole fruit is usually a higher fiber choice than fruit juice. Foods containing important nutrients can help us prevent disease and even restore our health. Striking a balance between foods that promote health and those that may be risky is important for l
11、ong term well being. Choose foods that are better for your health more often. Without a doubt, fats and cholesterol are the single most important group of nutrients to limit in your diet if you want to reduce your risk of chronic disease. Heart disease and cancer, two of this nations leading killers
12、, are linked to diets high in fat. Other chronic health problems may be exacerbated by high fat diets. Saturated fat, that is, fat that is solid at room temperature, appears to carry the greatest amount of risk.Alcohol is not pictured on the food pyramid, but if it were it would be in the tip of the
13、 pyramid. Alcohol has only empty calories in the way that sugar and most fats do. Pregnant women should avoid alcohol beverages. Foods and beverages that are less nutritious do not have to be eliminated but they should be consumed in moderation - saved for special occasions. Making healthy food choi
14、ces can be the difference between health and disease.II. 10 Tips to Healthy Eating Experts agree the key to healthy eating is the time-tested advice of balance, variety and moderation. In short, that means eating a wide variety of foods without getting too many calories or too much of any one nutrie
15、nt. These 10 tips can help you follow that advice while still enjoying the foods you eat.1. Eat a variety of nutrient-rich foods. You need more than 40 different nutrients for good health, and no single food supplies them all. Your daily food selection should include bread and other whole-grain prod
16、ucts, fruits, vegetables, dairy product and meat, poultry, fish and other protein foods. How much you should eat depends on your calorie needs. Use the Food Guide Pyramid and the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels as handy references.2. Enjoy plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Surveys
17、show most Americans dont eat enough of these foods. Do you eat 6-11 servings from the bread, rice, cereal and pasta group, 3 of which should be whole grains? Do you eat 2-4 servings of fruit and 3-5 servings of vegetables? If you dont enjoy some of these at first, give them another chance. Look thro
18、ugh cookbooks for tasty ways to prepare unfamiliar foods.3. Maintain a healthy weight. The weight thats right for you depends on many factors including your sex, height, age and heredity. Excess body fat increases your chances for high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, some types of c
19、ancer and other illnesses. But being too thin can increase your risk for osteoporosis, menstrual irregularities and other health problems. If youre constantly losing and regaining weight, a registered dietitian can help you develop sensible eating habits for successful weight management. Regular exe
20、rcise is also important to maintaining a healthy weight.4. Eat moderate portions. If you keep portion sizes reasonable, its easier to eat the foods you want and stay healthy. Did you know the recommended serving of cooked meat is 3 ounces, similar in size to a deck of playing cards? A medium piece o
21、f fruit is 1 serving and a cup of pasta equals 2 servings. A pint of ice-cream contains 4 servings. Refer to the Food Guide Pyramid for information on recommended serving sizes.5. Eat regular meals. Skipping meals can lead to out-of-control hunger, often resulting in overeating. When youre very hung
22、ry, its also tempting to forget about good nutrition. Snacking between meals can help curb hunger, but dont eat so much that your snack becomes an entire meal.6. Reduce, dont eliminate certain foods. Most people eat for pleasure as well as nutrition. If your favorite foods are high in fat, salt or s
23、ugar, the key is moderating how much of these foods you eat and how often you eat them.Identify major sources of these ingredients in your diet and make changes if necessary. Adults who eat high-fat meats or whole-milk dairy products at every meal are probably eating too much fat. Use the Nutrition
24、Facts panel on the food label to help balance your choices.Choosing skim or low-fat dairy products and lean cuts of meat such as flank steak and beef round can reduce fat intake significantly.If you love fried chicken, however, you dont have to give it up. Just eat it less of ten. When dining out, s
25、hare it with a friend, ask for a take-home bag or a smaller portion.7. Balance your food choices overtime. Not every food has to be “perfect”. When eating a food high in fat, salt or sugar, select other foods that are low in these ingredients. If you miss out on any food group one day, make up for i
26、t the next. Your food choices over several days should fit together into a healthy pattern.8. Know your diet pitfalls. To improve your eating habits, you first have to know whats wrong with them. Write down everything you eat for three days. Then check your list according to the rest of these tips.
27、Do you add a lot of butter, creamy sauces or salad dressings? Rather than eliminating these foods, just cut back your portions. Are you getting enough fruits and vegetables? If not, you may be missing out on vital nutrients.9. Make changes gradually. Just as there are no “super foods” or easy answer
28、s to a healthy diet, dont expect to totally revamp your eating habits overnight. Changing too much, too fast can get in the way of success. Begin to remedy excesses or deficiencies with modest changes that can add up to positive, lifelong eating habits. For instance, if you dont like the taste of sk
29、im milk, try low-fat. Eventually you may find you slimming, too.10. Remember, foods are not good or bad. Select foods based on your total eating patterns, not whether any individual food is “good” or “bad.” Dont feel guilty if you love foods such as apple pie, potato chips, candy bars or ice-cream.
30、Eat them in moderation, and choose other foods to provide the balance and variety that are vital to good health.Figuring Out FatWith so much information available about the effects of dietary fat on health, understanding the role fat plays in a well-balanced diet can be pretty confusing. To cut thro
31、ugh the confusion, its important to remember that fat is an essential nutrient that everyone needs to stay healthy.Fat is a valuable energy source and carries fat-soluble vitamins needed for proper growth and development. It also contributes important taste and textural qualities that are part of en
32、joying food.Too much fat, however, can increase the risk of heart disease, obesity and other health problems. When moderating fat intake, its important to consider these points:Health authorities recommend Americans to consume 30 percent or less of their total daily calories from fat, with 10 percen
33、t or less of those calories from saturated fat. Remember, the 30 percent refers to your total fat intake overtime, not single foods or meals. Use the following chart to guide your fat intake.If you eat this number of calories per day:Total fat per day (grams)Total saturated fat per day (grams)1,6005
34、3 or less18 or less2,00065 or less20 or less2,20073 or less24 or less2,50080 or less25 or lessUse the Nutrition Facts panel on the food label to help determine how much fat is in foods. Remember, its the total fat intake overtime thats important. A food high in fat can be part of a healthy diet as l
35、ong as its balanced with other lower-fat food choices.All fats are a combination of saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Each of these types of fats have different effects on the body, but all contain nine calories per gram.Blood cholesterol levels are influenced by family his
36、tory, weight, age, smoking, physical activity and eating habits. Studies have shown that diets which are too high in certain saturated fatty acids and dietary cholesterol can raise blood cholesterol.III. Healthy Eating for LifetimeThe Food Guide Pyramid The Food Guide Pyramid is a visual tool making
37、 it easy to see how many servings we need to eat from each food group each day. Within its six food groups, the Pyramid contains many kinds of health promoting foods. All foods can fit into a healthy eating style.The Pyramid base, the largest area, is filled with grains. Building our diets around gr
38、ains, especially whole grains, is what the food guide pyramid promotes. Eating the suggested portions from this food group will assure that more than half of our calories comes from complex carbohydrates. Moving up the Pyramid, notice the groups get smaller. Foods represented in these groups are nee
39、ded in smaller amounts for good health. The tip of the Pyramid is the smallest group and should be eaten from the least: oils, fats and sweets. The Food Guide Pyramid is available in different languages representing various cultures and eating styles. There are variations for young children (Adobe .
40、PDF format) and for seniors. There are also pyramids to help you with special eating planssuch as diabetic or vegetarian.How many servings do I need each day?The number of servings needed each day depends on age, gender and activity level. This shows the range of appropriate servings:Grains6-11 serv
41、ingsVegetables3-5 servingsFruits2-4 servingsDairy2-3 servingsProtein2-3 servingsWhat are some examples of adult serving sizes?Grains1 slice bread, 1/2 small bagel, about 1 cup ready to eat cereal flakes, 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice or pastaVegetables1 cup raw leafy greens, 1/2 cup other vegetablesra
42、w or cooked, 3/4 cup vegetable juiceFruits1 medium apple, banana, orange, pear, 1/2 cup chopped, cooked or canned fruit, 1/4 dried fruit like raisins, 3/4cup 100% fruit juiceMilk, Yogurt, Cheese1 cup milk or yogurt, 1/2 ounce natural or 2 ounces processed cheese, 1 cup soy beverage with added calciu
43、mMeat, Poultry, Fish, Dried Beans, Eggs and Nuts2-3 ounces of cooked lean meat, poultry or fish, 1 cup cooked dry beans or tofu counts as 2 ounce of lean meat, 1/2 ounce soy burger or 1 egg counts as 1 ounce lean meat, 2 tablespoons of peanut butter or 1/3 cup nuts counts as 1 ounce of meatIV Tips O
44、n How To Make Healthier MealsBegin by choosing foods low in saturated fat, low in sodium and low in calories:Try fat free (skim) milk or low fat (1%) milkOnly buy cheeses marked “low fat” or “fat free” on the packageChoose to eat fruits and vegetables without butter or sauce Serve rice, beans, cereals, pasta, whole grains (e.g., couscous, barley, bulgar, etc.)Choose lean cuts of meat, fish, and skinless turkey and chicken When available, buy low- or reduced-sodium or no-salt-added versions of foods Use these recipe substitutions: Use two egg whites for each whole egg and
