1、Unit 13 Peoplelawyer n. neat adj. seed n. cage n.beard n. pineapple n. squirrel n. parttime adv.blond adj. peach n. sparrow n. claw n.sunglasses n. airline n. bench n. yoghurt n.heel n. poet n. housewife n. honey n.sleeve n. tutor n. postcode n. chew v.chain n. tear n. astronomy n. satellite n.aircr
2、aft n. cheek n. allergic adj. wrinkle n.embassy n. hug n. straw n. forehead n.lightning n. thunder n. steam n. lap n.clerk n. wool n. button n. carrot n.butcher n. pine n. parrot n. pea n.facial adj. possibility n. selfish adj. section n.connection n. disability n. broken adj. guilty adj.academic ad
3、j. conductor n. shelter vi.block n.1(2020全国卷)Now that youve listed your strengths，list your imperfections.优势2(2020浙江卷)Kevin Balke，a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute，says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities，others are so jammed
4、that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference.急剧的；明显的3(2019全国卷)Engineers come and really do an inperson review，and.its not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.审查，评审单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1pray vt.& vi.祈祷，祷告2.deserve vt.应得，值得3
5、accuse vt.控告，谴责 4.desire n渴望，欲望5assistant n助手，助理 6.confirm v证实7salty adj.含盐的，咸的8shortcoming n缺点，短处9concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)10positive adj.积极的11senior adj.高级的12uniform n制服13emergency n紧急情况14gifted adj.有天赋的15description n描述，形容16failure n失败17mistaken adj.错误的18athletic adj.喜爱运动的19characteristic n特点，特性
6、20satisfaction n满意，满足21biology n生物学22aboard prep.在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上23independence n独立24upset adj.不安的，不快的25fault n错误；缺点26relief n减轻，宽慰27anxiety n忧虑，担心28librarian n图书馆管理员29grateful adj.感激的，感谢的30passive adj.被动的，消极的31previous adj.以前的，过去的32mental adj.内心的；精神病的33glare vi.怒视，瞪34glance_ vi.瞥一眼35bleed_vi.流血 3
7、6.sigh vi.叹气，叹息37alike adj.相像的38companion n同伴，伴侣39file n档案，文件用所给词的适当形式填空。1After praying(pray)，he immediately jumped into the sea.2She has many shortcomings(shortcoming)，but were all very fond of her.3When asked，she confirmed(confirm) that she was going to retire.4There is nothing more awful than to
8、be_accused(accuse) of lying.5This book deserves(deserve) to be read several times.6He stood suddenly，upsetting a cup of coffee on my shirt，which made him upset.(upset)7He gave us a brief description (describe) of the accident.8We are waiting for the news with anxiety.(anxious)9He was a good friend,
9、a dependable companion(company)for all of us. 10She sighed(sigh), then continued the story in a soft but sad voice.11The twin brothers_bled(bleed) for their country and died without any regrets.12It was a surprisingly dry day after the rain of the previous(previously) week.13He didnt shout，he just g
10、lared(glare) at me silently.14Genes determine the_characteristics (characteristic) of every living thing.派生单词语境运用1strong adj.强壮的 strength n长处，优势strengthen v增强2associate vt.联想，联系association n联想；协会3express v表达，表示 n快递expression n表情；词语4describe v描写description n描述，形容用所给词的适当形式填空。1The girl described what s
11、he had seen and heard，giving a vivid description of the event as if she had attended it herself.(describe)2My brother strengthens himself by taking outdoor exercise every day；now he is so strong that I dare not measure strength against him.(strength)5.predict vt.预言，预测predictor n预言家prediction n预测，预告6
12、depend v依赖，依靠independent adj.独立的independence n独立7relief n减轻，宽慰relieve v使安慰，缓解8anxiety n忧虑，担心anxious adj.忧虑的；焦急的9devote vt.献身于，专心致志于devotion n奉献devoted adj.献身的，忠诚的10assessment n评估 assess v. 评估，评定11weakness n. 弱点，缺陷weak adj.虚弱的；无力的weaken v. (使)虚弱，衰弱12appropriately adv.适当地appropriate adj.合适的appropriate
13、ness n. 适当13physicist n物理学家physics n物理学physical_adj.身体的；物质的14accurately adv.精确地，准确地accurate_adj.精确的accuracy n. 准确(性)15personality n个性，性格personal adj.个人的；私人的16sharp adj.敏锐的；锋利的，尖的sharpen v. (使)变得锋利sharpener n. 磨具；削具17revision n复习revise v. 复习18kindness n和善，亲切kind adj. 善良的19literary adj.喜爱文学的literature
14、_n文学；文学作品3.According to the latest survey，more and more graduates are anxious about their future jobs.The increasing anxiety may lead to diseases.(anxious)4The old scientist is devoted to studying space，and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from.He said he would go on devoting himself to the
15、science field.(devote)5Some scientists associate smoking with cancer，because smoking has a close association with lung cancer.(associate)6A workman must sharpen(sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well. 7She was doing some lastminute revision (revise)for her exams. 8We cannot guarantee the accu
16、racy(accurate) of these figures.9It was really all part of her very individual personality(personal). 10There is little assessment(assess) of the damage to the natural environment.11Archimedes, a great physicist(physics), discovered the principle of floating bodies.12I will be deeply grateful to you
17、 for your_kindness(kind) for the rest of my life.短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1concentrate_on 集中于；专注于2talk_sb.into_doing_sth.说服某人做某事3on_the_other_hand 另一方面4in_terms_of 就而言；从某个角度上看5react_to 对做出反应6pick_up 捡起；接(人)；(无意间)学会；好转选用左栏短语的适当形式填空Last week，I picked_up my brother at the airport.On the way home，he concentrated_o
18、n playing games on the phone.No matter what I said，he didnt react_to me.I didnt know how to deal with the situation.7be_willing_to_do_sth.愿意做某事8to_be_honest 说实话9come_up_with提出，想出10draw_up 起草11be_popular_with 受欢迎12cant_help_doing_sth.禁不住要做某事选用左栏短语的适当形式填空The young man came_up_with a plan to complete t
19、he project.To_be_honest，all the members were_willing_to complete it on schedule. 句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.it作形式宾语I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.我可不喜欢他单独和我的女朋友在一起。I_dislike_it_that he should be alone with my girlfriend.2.thats why.那就是的原因Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and thats why the l
20、etter never arrived.他患了重感冒。这就是他没来参加会议的原因。He had a bad cold.That_is_why_he_ didnt_come_to_the_meeting.3.the more.，the more.I was getting more and more annoyed and of course，the more upset I got，the less I was able to concentrate.你愈小心，你犯错就会愈少。The_more_careful you are，the_fewer_mistakes you will make.1
21、strength n. C长处，优势 U力量，力气 高考原句2020全国卷Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.(1)build up ones strength 增强体力strengths and weaknesses 长处和弱点(2)strengthen v. 加强；增强；巩固with all his strength 使出全身力气physical strength 体力strengthen our ties 加强我们的联系基础练习单句语法填空In addition，they will strengthe
22、n(strength) their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.He is a man full of energy and does morning exercises every day to build up his strength.链接写作完成句子骑自行车的优点是它能强身健体。The_strength_of_riding_bikes_is_that it can build up our strength.2gain vt.& n. 获得；增加；赢得；(钟表)走快；收益 gain by/from
23、. 从中受益gain weight 体重增加gain time 赢得时间gain a degree获得学位； gain advantages from从中获得好处gain confidence 增加自信；gain a lot of weight 体重增加了许多基础练习单句语法填空There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.Its known to all that “where there is a will，there is a way.” I will make every effort to_gain (gain) a
24、 good result.链接写作完成句子谁会从这一决定中受益呢？Who stands to_gain_from this decision?3concentrate vt.& vi.集中(思想、注意力等)(1)concentrate (on/upon)专注于，专心致志于(2)concentration n. 专心，集中concentrate ones mind/attention/efforts/thoughts on/upon集中某人的注意力/努力/思想于基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Previous generations concentrated on getting (get) ch
25、ildren to school on time.I found it hard to keep my concentration(concentrate) with such a noise going on.For example，I can just concentrate at reading for a short time.aton/uponSpeaking on the phone requires concentrate and takes a drivers attention from the road.concentrateconcentration链接写作一句多译你必须
26、集中注意力在你所学的东西上。You_must_concentrate_your_attention_on what you are studying.(concentrate)You_must_fix/focus_your_attention_on what you are studying.(fix/focus)You_must_put_your_heart_into what you are studying.(put ones heart into)4accuse vt.控告，谴责 (1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.charge sb.with (doing) st
27、h.因(做)某事而指责某人(2)the accused被告accuse sb.of theft指控犯有偷窃罪基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错The boy made trouble for his teacher because he was accused of destroying property.The neighbour who was once charged with attempted murder accused me of playing(play) my radio too loudly.The accuse was found innocent.accuseaccused
28、She accused me to neglecting my duty.toof链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Jack was accused of cheating in the exam and he was in low spirits.(高级表达)Accused_of_cheating_in_the_exam，Jack was in low spirits.(过去分词短语作状语)5desire n渴望，欲望 v渴望，想要(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire
29、that.(should) do sth. 渴望a strong desire for success 渴望成功desire to win the game 渴望赢得比赛基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错He desires me to_go(go) abroad for further education.His mother desired that he (should)_be(be) a teacher.We desire that immediate help will be given to the local villagers who have been trapped by th
30、e flood.去掉will或willshould链接写作一句多译大多数人都渴望成功。Most_people_desire_to_be_successful.(desire v)Most_people_have_a_strong_desire_to_be_successful.(desire n)Most_people_have_a_strong_desire_for_success.(desire n)6relief n宽慰，轻松；解脱；减轻，消除；缓和；救济品 (1)with relief 宽慰地give sb.some relief 减轻某人的痛苦much to ones relief
31、令某人宽慰的是(2)relieve sb.of sth.帮助减轻bring/offer sb.relief 给某人以宽慰get/seek relief 得到缓解/寻求宽慰to our great relief 令我们十分宽慰的是基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错We all sighed with relief when the plan finally touched down safely.Much to my relief the car was not damaged.A porter relieved her of the three large cases.Its great reli
32、ef to know youre safe.great前加aRelieving，I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.RelievingRelieved链接写作完成句子令我非常欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取。Much_to_my_relief，my son was eventually admitted to a key university.(relief)7devote vt.献身，投入，专心，热爱 (1)devote.to.献身于；专心于be devoted to献身于，专心于(2)devoted adj.献身的；专心于的；挚爱的
33、，全心全意的(3)devotion n献身；奉献；专心devote ones time/energy/effort/money to (doing) sth.为做某事付出时间、精力、努力、金钱devote oneself to scientific research 献身于科学研究基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错He devoted all his time to his job.Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to building(build) a harmonious s
34、ociety.Amanda is always warmhearted and cares a lot about the class.Besides，she often devotes her spare time to help others.helphelpingTo realize my dream，I have to devote me to my study and enter a normal university.memyself链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The young lady is devoted to teaching the deaf children and h
35、as little time to care for her own daughter.(高级表达)Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)Devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)8account vt.认为是，视
36、为；占(数量或比例) n(银行)账户；账目；叙述，描述高考原句2020全国卷Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.account for 说明(原因等)；对做出解释；(数量、比例上)占on account of由于，因为on no account 决不(放在句首时，句子要倒装)take.into account/take account oftake.into consideration考虑到open/close an account 开/销户give us a long accou
37、nt of your trip 给我们好好描述一下你的旅行见闻基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错How do you account for making so many mistakes in your homework?On no account shall you go to bed with the gas on.There are other factors I must take into account on my new plan.On no account we should give up the plan.we_shouldshould_we链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)The
38、 bad weather accounted for our departure.(高级表达)We delayed our departure on_account_of_the bad weather.9deserve vt.应得，应受；值得 deserve n.值得；应得deserve to do值得做；应该做deserve doing/to be done值得被做deserve blame/punishment 应受责备/惩罚deserve to be mentioned值得一提deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意deserve blame/pu
39、nishment 应受责备/惩罚deserve to succeed 应该成功基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错In my opinion，her suggestion deserves consideration/to_be_ considered/considering，for it is very practical.They had some excellent players，so they certainly deserved to_win(win) that match.He doesnt deserve winning any respect from anybody just b
40、ecause he doesnt know how to respect others.winningto_win链接写作一句多译那些违反规定的人应受惩罚。Those who break the rules deserve to_be_punished.Those who break the rules deserve punishing/punishment.(名词或动词ing形式)10judge vt.判断；评价；判决；评判 n裁判，法官 (1)judge sb./sth.(to be).认为某人(某事)是judge.by/from.根据判断judging by/from.依来判断，是现在
41、分词短语，通常在句中作独立状语。(2)judgement n判断力；评价the judge 法官judging from her account 根据她的口音判断judge a case 判案基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Judging(judge) from the book I have read，I think he is a very promising writer.Teachers tend to be judged_by their students exam grades.The accident was caused by an error of judgement(judg
42、e) on the part of the pilot.Judging as a responsible person，Tom was elected as monitor of the class.JudgingJudged链接写作完成句子第二，你的作品将从6月16日到18日进行评判。Second，your work will_be_judged from June 16 to 18.11requirement n需要，要求；规定 require v要求，需要require to do 要求做require sb.to do 要求某人做require sth.to be done 要求某事被
43、做require doing/to be done要求被做require sth.of sb.要求某人某物require that.(should) do sth.要求做meet /satisfy ones requirements 满足某人的要求require a lot of practice 需要大量练习require me to keep silent 要求我保持沉默基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错All passengers are required to_show(show) their tickets.Also，many jobs and careers require peopl
44、e to_be_connected(connect)The bicycle you bought last year requires repairing/to_be_repaired(repair)It is required that every student wears uniforms on Monday. wears(should)wear链接写作完成句子学生们必须满足下面的要求。Students must meet all of the_following_requirements.12talk sb.into(doing)sth.说服某人做某事 talk.out of sth.
45、说服不做某事persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事persuade sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事talk me into going to Shanghai说服了我去上海基础练习单句语法填空I didnt want to move abroad，but Bill talked me into it.I talked him out of changing(change) his job.Dont let yourself be persuaded into buying things you dont really want.链接写
46、作一句多译那个男孩说服他妈妈给他买了一台家用电脑。The boy persuaded_his_mother_to_buy him a home computer.(persuade sb.to do sth.)The boy persuaded_his_mother_into_buying him a home computer.(persuade sb.into doing sth.)13in terms of就某事来说，从某个角度来看 come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受；适应be on good/bad terms关系良好/不好in the long/short te
47、rm/run就长远/短期而言in terms of me 就我而言in terms of thought 在思想方面in terms of research 从研究的角度基础练习单句语法填空Bear in mind that with a sense of humor，you can always be on good terms with others.The companys prospects look good in the long term.The country is very poor and it has to come to terms with the neighbour
48、ing countries.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)It was a bad year for films in both quantity and quality.(高级表达)It was a bad year for films，in_terms_of both quantity and quality.14end up 最后有某种结局，结果为，结束 end up doing最后结果是end up with 以结束end up as.结果成为end up in 结果为，最终会come to an end结束put.to an endput an end to使结束in the end最
49、后，终于by the end of到为止end up in hospital 最后住院end up with sweet dreams 最后进入甜美的梦乡基础练习单句语法填空You could end up running(run)this company if you play your cards right.Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.We started with soup and ended up with fruit.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)He tried various jobs
50、and finally became a teacher.(高级表达)He tried various jobs and end_up_as a teacher.15(教材P11)I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch. 我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。 句法句式句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的从句。(1)在英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如enjoy，hate，love，like，dislike，appreciate，prefer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之
51、后。(2)see to，depend on，count on等由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，先加形式宾语it。句型积累(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/makeit宾补(形容词或名词)不定式/宾语从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciateit宾语从句(3)短语动词see to/depend on/insist onit宾语从句(4)固定搭配bring it to ones attention/take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that宾语从句金句推送(2019全国卷)Id
52、appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将非常感激。基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错I hate it when she calls me at work.Please see to it that the door is safely locked before you go.I hate that when they talk with their mouths full of food.thatit链接写作句式升级(普通表达)I would be grateful if yo
53、u can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.(高级表达)I_would_appreciate_it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.(it作形式宾语)16(教材P13)Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and thats why the letter never arrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未收到的原因。 句法句式Thats why.意为“那就是的原因”，why引导表语从句，该句型强调结果。(1)Th
54、ats because.意为“那就是因为”，because引导表语从句，强调原因。(2)The reason why.is/was that.意为“的原因是”，表语用that引导，不用because。基础练习单句语法填空I was late for the appointment.Thats because I met with an old friend on the way.The reason why he didnt pass the driving test was that he was too careless.链接写作一句多译我既没有带雨衣也没有带雨伞。我全身湿透了。I had
55、 neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.Thats_why I got wet all through. I got wet all through.Thats_because I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1The moral of the original story is that a devoted person certainly deserves respect/respecting/to_be_respected (respect)2Gossip also
56、 can have a third effect：it strengthens (strength) unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act.3Judging(judge) by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.4Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.5We desire that the tour leader (should)_inform(inform) us i
57、mmediately of any change in plans.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1The soldiers should on no account be blamed for what happened.2She has turned down several invitations to concentrate on/upon her studies.3We are supposed to be on good terms with all our neighbours.4I would appreciate it if you called back this aftern
58、oon for the hairdressing appointment.5He was charged with cheating in the examination.That is，he was accused of cheating in the examination. 查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1The harder you practice，the greater(great) progress you will make.2To the teachers great satisfaction(satisfy)，all his students passed th
59、e exam.3With prices going (go) up so fast，we cant afford luxuries like those.4Have the police found anything about the missing(miss) boy so far?5Generally speaking, the space enterprise has served astronomy(astronaut) well.6Although the translation(translate)is not perfect, he did it to the best of
60、his ability.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1There is no doubt that he will win the match though he still has a fever.2It will be_a_great relief for us if the lost wallet can be found in the end.3The day_that I met my best friend for the first time, I was full of anxiety.4I am sure there was steam coming out_of_my ear
61、s at that time.5I left the bus in such a hurry that I lost my wallet on the seat of it.6Dont describe everything_in detail when you write a composition. 强技提能语言应用.语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Most students do an IQ test early in their school career because they feel that it is IQ that determ
62、ines how well theyre going to do in life.However，new research into EQ suggests that success is not 1.simply(simple) the result of a high IQ.Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following 2.description(describe)At work，it is IQ that gets you 3.hired(hire) but it is EQ that gets you pr
63、omoted. Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that when 4.predicting(predict) someones future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.He may be correct.For example，have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in you
64、r class，5.who you think deserve good grades，sometimes end up 6.failing(fail) exams？Perhaps their failure is because of their low EQ.People are often 7.mistaken(mistake) in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.The results of studies show that EQ is as important，8.if not more
65、 important than IQ.To get ahead in the world and lead a happy 9.successful (success) life means getting on with other people 10.and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)虽然海伦凯勒( Helen Keller)有身体残疾，但她对学习有着强烈的愿望。In spite of her physic
66、al disabilities，she had_a_strong_desire to learn.在 Ms. Sullivan的帮助下，她能够做到集中精力学习，并完成了大学教育。Ms.Sullivan helped her and she was able to concentrate_on her study and graduated from college.她致力于帮助盲聋儿童。She devoted_herself_to helping the blind and deaf children.她是二十世纪最伟大的女性之一，值得我们尊重。She was one of the great
67、est women in the 20th century and deserves our respect.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用让步状语从句升级1中的Though_Helen_Keller_had_physical_disabilities，she_had_a_strong_desire_to_ learn.(2) 用介词短语升级1中的With_the_help_of_Ms.Sullivan，she_was_able_to_concentrate_on_her_study_ and_graduated_from_college.Step 3.衔接成
68、文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)Though Helen Keller had physical disabilities，she had a strong desire to learn.With the help of Ms.Sullivan，she was able to concentrate on her study and graduated from college.Later on，she devoted herself to helping the blind and deaf children.She was one of the greatest women in the 20th century and deserves our respect.
