1、专题训练对应学生用书P044.单句语法填空1(2017全国卷)But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models wants _ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. 解析want to do sth.“想要做某事”，为固定搭配。答案to prove2(2017北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，_ (range) from butterflies to elephants.解析句意：国家公园有
2、一大批野生生物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。range from.to.“从到(的范围)”。a large collection of wildlife与range之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。答案ranging3(2017天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，_ (allow) more patients to be treated.解析句意：这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。动词allow与其逻辑主语(前面的整个句子)是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作结果状语。答案allowing4
3、(2017北京卷)Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time_ (spend) with his students. 解析句意：吉姆已经退休了，不过他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。time与spend之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作后置定语。答案spent5The research _ (do) next week will be about the reading habits of teenagers in the middle school.解析动词do与其逻辑主语research构成了动宾关系，可知此处应使用过去分
4、词表示被动状态；由next week可知该非谓语动词晚于谓语动词will be发生，故使用to be done，表示“即将进行的研究”。答案to be done6The name “cheongsam”(旗袍) _ (mean) simply“long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of Chinas Guangdong Province.解析设空处和句子谓语entered之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且设空处和句子主语The name构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。答案meaning7(2018全国
5、卷)Once his message was delivered，he allowed me_(stay) and watch.解析allow sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此应填to stay。答案to stay8_(throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick.解析句意：往河里丢废弃物会导致鱼死亡，饮用这种水的人会生病。句中缺少主语，且不是具体的某一次动作，而是一般的、泛指的概念，故应用动名词形式，且因
6、位于句首，故填Throwing。答案Throwing9Jenny found a wallet _ (lie) on the ground.解析句中已有谓语动词found，故lie为非谓语动词；且与逻辑主语wallet存在主动关系，故用现在分词短语作宾语补足语。答案lying10_(collect) a lot of data of volcano eruption，I began to help the researchers to predict the volcano eruption.解析分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词began，故空处应为非谓语动词，又由I与collect之间为逻辑上
7、的主谓关系，且collect动作发生在began之前，故用现在分词的完成式作状语，且因位于句首，故填Having collected。答案Having collected.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1After waiting for an hour，Katia went home, felt lonely and miserable. _解析句子的谓语是“went home”，故feel的动作是伴随动作，且与主语Katia之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。答案feltfeeling2The little bird was lucky that it missed caught._解
8、析miss后跟v.ing作宾语，it与catch之间是被动关系，故在caught前加being。答案caught前加being3Its said that much of the energy producing in the world today is wasted. _解析句意：据说当今世界(人们)制造的能源有很多都被浪费掉了。应该用produce的过去分词修饰energy作定语，表示被动和已完成的动作。答案producingproduced4To the world，he is an “abnormal creature” belongs to a minority that incl
9、udes those who cant see，talk or hear._解析abnormal creature和belong to之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。答案belongsbelonging5That day I had my car trapping in the mud for two hours before the rescue workers arrived._解析此处为“have sth. done”结构，my car与trap之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。答案trappingtrapped6If caught sleep in class，y
10、ou will have to clean the classroom for a week as a punishment._解析这里If引导的状语从句使用了省略结构，完整的表达是If you are caught sleeping in class，catch只能接现在分词而不能接动词原形作宾补。答案sleepsleeping7Since the director wants us settle the matter as soon as possible, we now have to work it out._解析这里用want sb. to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”，wa
11、nt接带to的不定式作宾补。答案settle前加to8My task is get the rest of us to finish the remaining part of the project._解析这里使用了系表结构来阐述某人的任务是什么，此时用不定式作表语。答案get前加to9Before heard his answer, she started to read him almost every single greeting card out loud until the elderly man smiled._解析before为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，故用hear的动名
12、词形式hearing。答案heardhearing10His spoken English is so excellent that he has no difficulty communicate with you in English._解析have difficulty /trouble /problem(in) doing sth.为固定结构，意为“做某事有困难”。答案communicatecommunicating.语法填空Let children learn 1._(judge) their own work. A child 2._(learn) to talk does not
13、 learn by 3._ (correct) all the time; if 4._ (correct) too much，he will stop 5._ (talk). He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others language. Bit by bit，he makes the right changes 6._ (make) his language like other peoples. In the same way，children learn to do a
14、ll the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by 7._ (compare) their own behaviors with those of 8._ (skill) people，and slowly make the 9._ (need) changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance 10._ (find)out his mistakes for himself，even fewer chances for him to c
15、orrect himself. They do it all for him. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. 1_ 2._ 3._4_ 5._ 6._7_ 8._ 9._10_答案与解析【语篇解读】本文讲了老师应该让学生自己改正错误而不是帮他们改正。1to judge固定搭配learn to do sth.。2learning动词ing形式作后置定语，故填learning。3being correctedby doing表方式，此处表示“被改正错误”，故要用被动形式。4corre
16、ctedcorrect与主句主语he为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。5talkingstop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”。6to make不定式表目的。7comparingby doing表方式。8skilled过去分词作定语，意为“熟练的”。9needed过去分词作定语，表示“必要的”。10to find固定搭配give sb.a chance to do sth.。.短文改错I am so glad you can visit me in London. Knowing that youve never travel outside of Asia, Id tell you a
17、 bit about you can expect to find. When I first arrived, I found that London is such a international city. There are many Chinese restaurants，so British people hardly eat Chinese food for breakfast. Most of them get used to bacon or egg with a few slices of toast. Tipping always puzzles me. If you w
18、ant to avoid to getting confused, you should always leave 10% of the bill to the service. Besides, its very difficult for our Chinese to understand British humour. So dont be surprised when you dont think anything is funny. The majority of British people is friendly. Anyway, I am looking forward to
19、your visit there.答案与解析I am so glad you can visit me in London. Knowing that youve never outside of Asia，Id tell you a bit about you can expect to find. When I first arrived, I found that London is such international city. There are many Chinese restaurants， British people hardly eat Chinese food for
20、 breakfast. Most of them get used to bacon or with a few slices of toast. Tipping always puzzles me. If you want to avoid getting confused, you should always leave 10% of the bill the service. Besides, its very difficult for Chinese to understand British humour. So dont be surprised when you dont th
21、ink anything is funny. The majority of British people friendly. Anyway, I am looking forward to your visit .考查时态。现在完成时的形式是“have /has过去分词”，故将travel改为traveled或travelled。考查宾语从句。“you can expect to find”作介词about的宾语，该从句缺少宾语，且宾语为“物”，故在about后加what。考查冠词。错误处后的international以元音音素开头，且city在本句中表示泛指，故将a改为an。考查并列连词。
22、句意：那里有许多中餐馆，但是英国人早餐几乎不吃中餐。前后两个分句为转折关系并非因果关系，故将so改为but。考查名词的单复数。egg为可数名词，前面无冠词，且此处表泛指，又根据主语“Most of them”可知需将egg(单数形式)改为eggs(复数形式)。考查非谓语动词作宾语。avoid后需加动名词作宾语，故将avoid后的to去掉。考查介词。句意：如果你想避免感到困惑，你应该留下账单的10%作为服务费。错误处表示目的，故将to改为for。考查代词。错误处作介词for的宾语，故将our改为us。此处，us与Chinese为同位关系，意为“我们中国人”。考查主谓一致。“the majority of名词”作主语，谓语动词要和of后的名词保持一致，本句中of后的名词为people，表示复数概念，故将is改为are。考查副词。句意：无论如何，我非常盼望你来这里。根据句意可知，需将there改为here。
