1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero能力提升卷班级_ 姓名_ 学号_ 分数_（考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：100分）一、阅读理解（每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car:Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times:Windermere20 minutes, Kendal2
2、5 minutes, Lancaster45 minutes, Manchester1 hour 30 minutes.By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSundayFriday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am4:00 pm, 30th March2nd November.Admission Charge
3、sHall & GardensGardensAdults:12.008.00Groups:9.005.50Special EventsProducers Market13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of
4、the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market8th NovemberThis is an event for all the f
5、amily. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. 1.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.20 minutes.B.25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.90 minutes.2.How much should a member of a tour group pay to vis
6、it Hall & Gardens?A.12.00. B.9.00. C.8.00. D.5.50.3.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A.Producers Market. B.Holker Garden Festival.C.National Garden Day.D.Winter Market.答案语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,介绍了到达Holker的方式、参观时间、参观费用和特殊活动。1.D细节理解题。根据题干中的from Manchester直接定位到文章How to Get to Holke
7、r部分中的Manchester1 hour 30 minutes,故选D项。2.B细节理解题。根据题干中的a tour group和Hall & Gardens直接定位到文章Admission Charges部分中的Groups:9.00,故选B项。3.D细节理解题。根据题干中的see a live music show直接定位到文章Winter Market部分中的enjoying a live music show,故选D项。BToday, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by h
8、and since the steps are the same as using big machines. You should use paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces abou
9、t five centimeters by five centimeters. Everything is placed in a container, covered with water and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about two hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(纸浆), can be st
10、ored until you are ready to make paper. When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a mould. The mould is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mould lets the water flow through the small wire
11、 squares. After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mould. It is now strong enough to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes. 4.It is suggested that we “should choose paper w
12、ith small amounts of printing” to.A.make paper by ourselvesB.renew the old envelopesC.make various colored paperD.create our own newspaper5.Whether the paper is strong enough to be touched is determined by.A.how long the pulp is stored B.how thick the paper isC.how much water remains D.what type of
13、chemicals are used6.When the paper is lifted back from the mould, it is time to.A.make it smooth B.make it strong C.decorate itD.use an iron7.The passage is most probably intended to .A.introduce the history of paper-makingB.describe the process of paper-makingC.compare the ancient with the modern p
14、aper-makingD.argue about the possibility of paper-making by hand答案语篇解读本文属于说明文,作者讲述了如何手工做纸,并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和方法。4.A推理判断题。根据第一段第二句But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big machines.可知主要讲述的是手工做纸的话题,所以在第二段中提出要选择那些印刷内容较少的纸张,目的就是自己做纸。故A正确。5.C推理判断题。根据第三段第三句Then it
15、 is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(纸浆), can be stored until you are ready to make paper.以及最后一段中的After several more drying steps.可知剩下的水越少,说明纸浆就越多,那么生产出来的纸的质量也就越好,能够硬到让人去触摸。故C正确。6.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can us
16、e a common electric iron used for pressing clothes.说明当纸从模具里拿出来以后,要对它进行熨烫,让它变平。故A正确。7.B主旨大意题。作者在本文中讲述的是如何手工做纸,并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和方法。所以本文主要就是描述做纸的过程,故B正确。CAs trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains.
17、 People are wondering what these colors are for. For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees in the autumn. Up to now there have been different explanations for why natural selection makes autumn colors so widespread.Dr.Hamilton from Oxford University proposed th
18、at bright autumn leaves contained a message: they warn insects to leave them alone. In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees. Dr. Hamilton suggested that trees co
19、uld ward off these insects with poisons. They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.Dr.Hamilton and his students turned the theory into a mathematical model, which showed that warning signals could indeed drive the evolution(进化)of bright leave
20、s. It was a first attempt to see what was out there.A research team from the University of Wisconsin gave a quite different explanation. “If you are up here in Wisconsin, by the time leaves change, all the insects that feed on leaves are gone,” Dr. Hoch said. He believed that autumn colors served ma
21、inly as protection.According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰冻)injuryin other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves. Besides, autumn colors might protect the leaves from water loss. If the
22、cells in the leaves become dry, the connections between the cells will be weakened and the leaves will break off.Although there are different explanations about autumn colors, it has really given them a deeper concern for this time of year. “People sometimes say that science makes the world less int
23、eresting by just explaining things away,” one famous biologist said.“But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.”8.According to Dr. Hamilton, there is a connection between.A.the size of leaves and the survival of insectsB.the size of leaves and the behavior of
24、insectsC.the size of leaves and the quality of insectsD.the size of leaves and the number of insects9.Dr. Hoch and his team give the explanation that.A.climate has an influence on the color of the leavesB.sun damage and frost injury drive the insects awayC.the color of autumn leaves has a protective
25、 functionD.autumn colors bring great destruction to the leaves10.The underlined phrase “ward off” in Paragraph 2 probably means“”.A.catch B.attract C.ignore D.prevent11.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.The evolution of colorful leavesB.The secret to autumn leaves change
26、sC.The charming autumn colorsD.The role of leaves being protection答案语篇解读秋天到了,叶子成了金黄色。在我们眼中这是美丽的秋景,可是科学家们却在研究叶子变成黄色是为了什么。秋天的叶子里藏着什么秘密?8.D推理判断题。根据第二段中In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result o
27、f destruction of the trees.可知幼虫以树叶为食,所以树叶的大小和昆虫的数量有关系。故选D项。9.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰冻)injuryin other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves.可知秋天的树叶有保护作用,金黄色
28、保护叶子免受伤害,故选C项。10.D词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前一句When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees.和后一句They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.可知画线词的意思是“阻止”,故选D。11.B主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句As trees
29、 across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains.和最后一段中 “But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.”可知本文叙述的是秋天树叶变化的秘密。故选B项。DIf youve ever had to chop an onion, you p
30、robably know that its one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and theyve apparently come up with a tearless onion.Called the “Sunion”, this new vegetable is the result of a n
31、atural cross-breeding program thats been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. Its supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesnt leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its ch
32、opped.When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are store
33、d, so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying compound drop as time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.Thats what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried t
34、hem seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they dont have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”.So the good news
35、is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but well probably st
36、art seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them.12.What is special about the Sunion?A.Its easily chopped. B.Its sweet and tastes strong.C.Its tearless and mild. D.Its grown nationwide in the USA.13.How does the author introduce the Sunion
37、 in Paragraph 3?A.By comparison. B.By telling a story.C.By giving examples. D.By asking questions.14.What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Round shape. B.Strong smell.C.Special character.D.Medical function.15.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A.The Sunion has been
38、 largely on the market.B.The Sunion is still on trial at present.C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.答案语篇解读有过切洋葱经历的人一定会印象深刻:两眼泪水。美国两个州研究出了一种新型的洋葱,不会让人流泪而且还可以像吃玉米花那样吃它。12.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的theyve apparently come up with a tearless onion
39、及第二段中Its supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesnt leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its chopped.可知这种洋葱不会让人流眼泪且气味不浓。故选C项。13.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,作者用普通洋葱与新型洋葱进行比较,故作者是运用了比较法。故选A项。14.B词义猜测题。
40、根据其后半句are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”可以猜测出pungency是“刺激性气味”之意。故选B项。15.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but well probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about th
41、em.可知作者对Sunion的未来很有信心。故选D。二.完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My daughter is a single parent. She works hard to 1 for herself and her three young sons. She budgets(谨慎花钱) carefully and 2 to plan for the little luxuries (奢侈品) and treats that others take for granted. When h
42、er eldest son, David, wanted a 3 so that he could do an after-school newspaper delivery job, she 4 and soon, he was the proud 5 of a good second-hand bike. One afternoon, my daughter asked David to go to a local shop. He rode his bicycle, 6 foolishly left it outside the shop 7 locking it up. When Da
43、vid came out of the shop, it was 8. He walked home in 9 and then, together with his frustrated mother, went to the local police station to report the 10. Imagine their 11 when they arrived at the station: a car parked out front had David s bike wedged (把挤入) in its boot (汽车后部的行李箱). The 12 told them h
44、ow he d seen a group of kids 13 the bike once my grandson had gone inside the shop. The driver in his late teens himself called out to them to leave that bike 14. Despite this, one member of the group 15 on the bicycle and rode it away while the others followed. Not to be 16, the teen got in his car
45、, drove after them and 17 that they give the stolen bike back. He was 18 to be able to return it to my grandson together with a lecture about the silliness of 19 to use the bike lock. 20, in all the excitement, he slipped away, without even giving them his name or telephone number.1A.standB.provideC
46、.changeD.watch2A.permitsB.refusesC.managesD.decides3A.bicycleB.watchC.phoneD.backpack4A.gave outB.set asideC.saved upD.worked out5A.bikerB.workerC.sellerD.owner6A.andB.butC.soD.when7A.withoutB.againstC.exceptD.by8A.leftB.missedC.brokenD.gone9A.laughterB.troubleC.tearsD.peace10A.dangerB.theftC.accide
47、ntD.fight11A.joyB.regretC.angerD.disappointment12A.policemanB.managerC.teacherD.driver13A.rideB.fixC.stealD.knock14A.outB.offC.awayD.alone15A.jumpedB.touchedC.walkedD.moved16A.annoyedB.upsetC.confusedD.discouraged17A.advisedB.demandedC.insistedD.ordered18A.gratefulB.surprisedC.happyD.determined19A.l
48、earningB.teachingC.remindingD.failing20A.BesidesB.ThenC.FinallyD.Therefore【答案】1 B2C3A4C5D6B7A8D9C10B11A12D13C14D15A16D17B18C19D20B【解析】1根据首句My daughter is a single parent可知,作者的女儿是个单亲母亲, 她努力工作来养活她自己和三个儿子,故选B。provide for为提供生计,赡养。2根据下文她为孩子买自行车的事可知,她认真预算,设法买一些对她来说是奢侈品,而其他人认为是理所当然要买的东西。manage to do sth.设法
49、做某事,故选C。3根据空后的a good second-hand bike可知,她的大儿子想要一辆自行车,所以选A。4give out 被用完;set aside把撇开;save up储蓄;work out算出,解决。根据上下文可知她积攒了钱给孩子买自行车,故选C。5根据语境可知,David从期盼者变成了自行车的拥有者,故选D。6根据上下文可知, 作者的女儿让David骑车前往商店,但是他忘了锁车,前后为转折关系,所以选B。7根据上下文可知,他骑车前往商店,但是没有锁上自己的自行车,所以选A。without意为没有。8根据下文He walked home可知,自行车不见了,故选D。gone意为
50、不复存在。B项若为missing亦可。9根据上文可知来之不易的自行车不见了,所以David很伤心,故选C。10根据下文可知,他们母子两人一起到警察局报告这次被盗事件,所以选B。theft失窃。11根据情理可推知,当他们看到自行车就在警察局门口的情景,他们很开心,故选A。joy开心; regret遗憾; anger生气; disappointment失望。12根据语境可知,一辆小汽车停在警察局门口,后备箱里装着David的自行车,所以此人应该是司机,所以选D。13从上文可知,司机在叙述事件经过:作者的外孙进入商店后有一群孩子偷了他的自行车,故选C。14leave sth. alone是个固定词组
51、,意思是别碰。根据语境可知这位司机看到后大喊:别动那辆自行车,故选D。15根据下文叙述可知有一个人跳上了自行车,把车骑走了,故选A。16根据下文可知眼看着自行车被偷走了,司机也不气馁,所以选D。annoyed恼怒;upset心烦意乱的;confused 困惑的;discouraged气馁的。17根据语境可知这个司机开车去追他们,而且强烈要求他们归还所窃取的自行车,故选B。demand意为强烈要求,注意其后宾语从句使用了虚拟语气。18据倒数第二段所描述的司机的所作所为来看,他很高兴能物归原主,故选C。19根据上文叙述可知,作者的外孙是因为没有给自行车上锁而把它弄丢的,故选D。fail to意为未
52、能(做), 没能(做)。20根据前后两句的逻辑关系可知,此处表示时间上的顺承关系,司机觉得他说完了该说的,就走了,故选B。三、语法填空 （每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nelson Mandela, 1 (born) on July 18,1918, is the first black president of South Africa. He studied law 2 he entered university. Then in 1952 he set up a law office 3(help) poor black peop
53、le. Because of his fight 4 the government and anti-black laws, he 5 (sentence) to five years hard labour. After that ANC Youth League he 6 (form) in 1944 began 7 (blow) up buildings in 1963 and he was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964 on Robben Island. Twenty six years 8 (late), he was freed. I
54、n 1994 he 9(make)President of South Africa and the government by and for the black people was 10 (final) set up.Nelson Mandela was really a great man!1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.born考查非谓语动词。be born出生,此处用过去分词短语作后置定语。2.after考查连词。句意:进入大学之后,他学习法律。3.to help考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,故填动词不定式。4.against考查介词。his fight aga
55、inst.他反对的斗争。5.was sentenced考查时态和语态。sentence为及物动词,意为“判刑”,故此处需用被动语态,结合上下文可知应用一般过去时态。6.formed考查时态。根据时间状语in 1944可知应用一般过去时态。7.to blow/blowing考查非谓语动词。begin to do/doing.开始做。8.later考查副词。“一段时间+later”表示“多长时间以后”。9.was made考查时态和语态。此处表示他被选为南非总统。故用被动语态。10.finally考查副词。应用副词作状语。四、短文改错 （每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改
56、作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Robben Island was a frightened place where Elias spent a hardest four years of his life. There Nelson Mandela begins a school
57、 for many prisoner and even the guards. Elias learned such hard that after he finished the four years in prison, he found a job in an office because of he was better educated. However, he lose the job soon because the police told his boss that he has been in prison for blowing up government building
58、s. Lucky for him, when Nelson Mandela came power, he gave him a job showing tourists around the old prison on Robben Island.答案Robben Island was a place where Elias spent hardest four years of his life. There Nelson Mandela a school for many and even the guards. Elias learned hard that after he finis
59、hed the four years in prison, he found a job in an office because of he was better educated. However, he the job soon because the police told his boss that he been in prison for blowing up government buildings. for him, when Nelson Mandela cameto power, he gave him a job showing tourists around the
60、old prison on Robben Island.修饰地点place,表示“令人害怕的”。此处表示最高级,应用定冠词。根据前后时态可知,此处应该用一般过去时态。many修饰名词的复数形式。修饰副词hard应用副词so,构成so.that.结构。because为从属连词,引导原因状语从句。because of为介词短语,不引导从句。根据从句时态可知,此处应用一般过去时态。前面的时态为一般过去时,此处应为过去完成时态。修饰整个句子,需要用副词形式。 come to power掌权,上台。五、书面表达（满分20分）假设你校学生会定于4月10日组织一次高一学生的登山活动，请根据下面表格内容，以学
61、生会的名义用英语写一则通知，欢迎同学们积极参加。目的锻炼身体，放松心情地点邙山内容与要求1.早上7:20在校门口乘公交车出发，下午7:00返回；2.上午登山，中午在山顶野餐，下午分组自由活动；3.拍照、记录，之后参加校摄影展或征文比赛。温馨提示1.自带午餐和饮用水；2.4月5日前到学生会报名。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.通知的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：邙山Mangshan Mountain；报名 sign up；征文比赛 essay contestNotice Student UnionMarch 30【答案】NoticeWe plan to
62、 organize a mountain-climbing activity on April 10 for the purpose of encouraging Grade One studentsto take physical exercise and relax themselves. After gathering at the school gate well set off at 7:20 a.m. by bus and return at 7:00 p.m. The morning will be spent climbing Mangshan Mountain , at th
63、e top of which well have a picnic at noon. In the afternoon we will be divided into groups to have fun at will . Then remember to take photos and make notes for the photo exhibition or the essay contest to be held later at our school.Additionally, take your lunch and drinking water with you. If you have interest in it, sign up at the Student Union before the deadline ,April 5.Student UnionMarch 30
