1、专题十四阅读理解考向预测预测一 高考阅读理解所选材料通常都是国外网站上的地道的英语文章，然后经过命题专家整合、改编而成。文章主要介绍国内外的文化风俗、历史名胜、人文地理、著名人物等。预测二 文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。但是题目并不容易，很容易出错。全国卷的命题逐渐向地方自主命题卷，尤其是新课标地区的试卷看齐，不断增加词汇量和文章长度，向新课标过渡。预测三 题目设置灵活多样，通常以细节理解题为主，推理判
2、断题为辅，兼顾猜测词义、句意题及目的意图题和主旨大意题。这种命题特点要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息，提高阅读速度。考点定位和答题技巧高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。考点1 主旨大意题1.主旨大意题常分为两类：(1)选出文章最佳标题；(2)概括文章或段落大意。2.主旨大意题
3、主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，它要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。研读近几年高考阅读理解，可以发现对主旨大意类的考查占有相当重要的地位。【答题技巧】主旨大意题的三种思路：寻找主题句，确定文章大意。在许多情况下，尤其是在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(或在开头结尾同时出现首尾呼应的主题句)，因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨概括类试题多采用浏览法，即浏览文章的首
4、段和尾段的首句或尾句或每段的首句或尾句，重点搜索主题信息。抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找各段落中心句的基础上。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，不能仅依据只言片语或某一段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔的“重心”，考虑文章的材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么，分析故事情节围绕什么发展，最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句隐含在段落中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，继而概括出段落的主题，推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段
5、落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。考点2 细节理解题1.此类题型一般分两种情况；直接事实题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常见的类型有对号入座题、是非判断题、语意转换题、表格理解题等)以及间接事实题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换)。2.细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。有些问题，考生可以直接从文中找到明确的答案，但有些则需要在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。【答题技巧】做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。此类题通常用
6、一些疑问词来提问，或是判断正误。细节理解题的三个步骤：浏览全文，了解信息。快速通读全文，大致了解不同信息间的差异，为解决问题做好信息储备。抓关键词，快速寻读。根据题目要求，从题干中抓住关键性词语，以此为线索，通过略读和寻读的方法快速而准确地在文章中寻找与此问题相关的信息，找到后仔细阅读，反复品味，认真比较选项和文中细节，在准确理解该细节的前提下，排除干扰项，从而确定答案。回读信息，验证答案。确定答案后，必须回读原文，再一次根据原文中的信息对选项进行验证。总之，对于细节理解题，我们要恰当地运用略读、查读等技巧，在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。考点3 词义猜测题
7、1词义猜测题的常见形式：(1)直接对某个陌生的词汇进行理解；(2)对文中的某个代词确认指代的对象；(3)对多义词或短语进行文中含义的精确定义；(4)对英语中特有的表达、格言、谚语等进行直接的或解释性的描述。2词义猜测题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解和处理生词的能力，它包括对词、词组和句意的理解。词义猜测不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面。【答题技巧】词义猜测题的三大突破1根据定义猜测词义。如果生词由定语从句、同位语(同位语前常有or，similarly，that is to say，in rather words，namely，or rather，say等)或同位语从句来定义
8、，或使用破折号、冒号、分号后的内容或引号中的内容加以解释，理解这些定义或解释就是在理解词义。2根据对比、比较关系猜测词义。在一个句子或段落中如有对两个事物或两种现象的对比性描述，我们可以从生词的对立面猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词语主要有：unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast等。表示对比关系的句子结构有：while引导的并列句。表示比较关系的词语主要有：similarly，like，just as，also，as well as等。3通过构词法猜测词义。生词的前缀、后缀、复合词的各部分，词性的变化都可以暗示出词义。注意不管这
9、个词多超纲，根据上下文都能得出其意思；不管这个词多熟悉，都要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的意思。考点4 推理判断题1推理判断题的考查形式通常为：推断隐含含义；推断作者的观点和态度；推断写作目的和意图；推断文章的出处；推断文章中人物的性格态度等。2推理判断题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断的能力。【答题技巧】推理判断题的五大技巧：1抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息，如关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。2整合全文(段)信息进行推断。做推理题时，有
10、时需要在弄懂全文的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断，确定最佳结论。3利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好这一点，就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。4根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。5根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。考点
11、5 篇章结构题解答此类题目首先要了解文章结构，从段落组织方式上看，有三种形式：总分式结构(总分总；总分；分总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式是一正一反)。要想准确深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握文章的脉搏，特别是把握段与段之间的逻辑关系，然后分析作者采用了什么论证手段证明主题，从而正确解答试题。近几年还有些试题考查全文或某一段落是以什么样的形式展开论述的，一般来说有的按事情发展的顺序，有的按时间的先后顺序，有的按人物的活动内容，还有的按地点或空间的位置变换，阅读时要特别注意。（60分钟）限时训练A【2017新课标IIIB篇】Minute
12、s after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theaters 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out
13、 the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t
14、o say good-be to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compet
15、e. He added that the theaters location(位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town,” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place
16、. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.The theater audience said good-by as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. Aft
17、er 75 years the Plaza Theater has shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.24. In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?A. It made room for new equipment.B. It signaled the closedown of the theater.C. It was done with the help of the audience.D. It marked the 75th anniversary
18、of the theater.25. Why was The Last Picture Show put on?A. It was an all-time classic. B. It was about the history of the town.C. The audience requested it. D. The theater owner found it suitable.26. What will probably happen to the building?A. It will be repaired. B. It will be turned into a museum
19、.C. It will be knocked down. D. It will be sold to the city government. 27. What can we infer about the audience?A. They are disappointed with Bradford. B. They are sad to part with the old theater. C. They are supportive of the city officials. D. They are eager to have a shopping center. 【答案】24.B 2
20、5.D 26.C【解题思路】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争，而面临着不得不关门，转手出售的故事。24B细节理解题。根据首段第三、四句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和其他剧院的设备，为了剧院的转卖和拆迁。25. D推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，剧院老板选择这部戏剧的原因是因为这部剧本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，恰好能反映出the Plaza Theater的现状。26. C细节理解题。根据第四段末句“which plans to build a shopping comple
21、x on the land where the theater is located.”可以推断这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个现代的购物中心。27.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.”可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉 B【2017北京卷A篇】It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the
22、Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other well Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
23、Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Pariss eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball
24、coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still,
25、she hesitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran
26、to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right: For
27、 a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pres
28、sure in a scary situation.”56.What happened to Paris on a March day?A. She caught a bad cold.B. She had a sudden heart problem.C. She was knocked down by a ball.D. She shivered terribly during practice57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?A. She made a worthy friend.B. She recovered from shock.C. She
29、received immediate CPR.D. She came back on the softball team.58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?A. Enthusiastic and kind.B. Courageous and calm.C. Cooperative and generous.D. Ambitious and professional.【答案】56.B 57.C 58.B【解题思路】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球队一名女孩Paris在打球的过程中突发心力衰竭，队友Taylor紧急对Par
30、is进行了心肺复苏，送往医院后她恢复了心跳的故事，旨在说明面临心力衰竭时，保持冷静并进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。56根据第三段第一行，“It certainly was。 Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure。”可知，Paris突发心脏病，故B项正确。57. 根据第五段第二行“Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段整段中队友的协助，得到了及时CPR救助的Paris“heartbeat returned”，所以Paris说自己非常的幸运。倒数第二段，“Experts say Paris is righ
31、t.For a sudden failure,the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”，专家的话也印证了Paris获得了及时的救助，故选C。58根据第五段第二行“But when no one else came forward， Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR。”说明Taylor非常的勇敢，在没有人出来帮忙以及自己对自己不那么自信的情况下，她还是跑去救助了Paris。由第五段第三行Taylor 的话“It wa
32、s scary。 I knew it was the difference between life and death。”以及第六段首句“Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down。”可知，Taylor是一个勇敢并且冷静的女孩，面对这种情况，她没有慌乱，用自己学习到的急救知识迅速行动并用自己的举动感染了队友，使她们镇静下来帮忙救助，故B项正确。 C【2017天津卷B篇】Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climb
33、ing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in fro
34、nt of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landsca
35、pe? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didnt want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her prese
36、nce in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow coms to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would
37、 she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I dont even know has been immortalized(使永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others space. Perhaps this
38、 is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass
39、.41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A. Her camera stopped working.B. A woman blocked her view.C. Someone asked her to leaveD. A friend approached from behind.42. According to the author, the woman was probably_.A. enjoying herselfB. losing her patienceC. waiting for the suns
40、etD. thinking about her past43. In the authors opinion, what makes the photo so alive?A. The rich color of the landscape.B. The perfect positioning of the camera.C. The womans existence in the photo.D. The soft sunlight that summer day.44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better u
41、nderstand _.A. the need to be close to natureB. the importance of private spaceC. the joy of the vacation in ItalyD. the shared passion for beauty45. The passage can be seen as the authors reflections upon _.A. a particular life experienceB. the pleasure of travelingC. the art of photographyD. a los
42、t friendship【答案】41.B 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.A【解题思路】本文属于说明文。作者通过讲述作者在无奈的情况下拍摄的一张被一位女士干扰的照片的故事，向读者描述了这样的照片反而显得更生动，我们应该懂得共享美丽，理解分享美丽的重要性。41. B细节理解题。根据第二段句子Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.可知，当作者要拍照时，一位女士挡住了她的视线。故选B。42.
43、A 根据第三段的句子She seemed so content in her observation.她好像那么的满足于她的观察（欣赏风景），即在作者看来，那个妇女很可能很愉快。故选A。43.C 根据第四段的句子The landscape,beautiful on its own,somehow coms to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it可以判断出作者认为是因为照片中有了这个妇女的存在使这张照片有了活力和生机。故选C。 44. D 根据倒数第二段中Perhaps this is what photos are
44、 for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty,可以判断出：挂在卧室墙上的照片使作者更好的理解了人们共有的欣赏追求美的激情 。故选D。45.A 通读全文可知，前四段讲述这次印度旅行的特殊经历，后三段讲述这次特殊经历带给作者的感悟， 所以这篇文章可以看做是作者对于一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。 D(重点中学九校联盟2018届高三上学期第一次联考)Yahoos sheer size, popularity, and reputation for not having security practices as excellent as its c
45、ompetitors may have made the Internet company an ideal target for Russian spies, according to experts.“At the very least, Yahoo is a good target for monitoring and intelligence purposes tracking a person of interest, seeing whom they are communicating with, what about, and so on,” said Jeremiah Gros
46、sman, chief of security at Sentinel One. Grossman worked on Yahoos security team from 1999 to 2001.The Justice Department announced charges Wednesday against two Russian spies and two hackers behind the 2014 theft of data connected to half a billion Yahoo accounts, which officials called one of the
47、largest known data leaks in American history. Its unclear from the Justice Department release what the suspects collected from accessing Yahoo accounts; however, officials noted that “some victim accounts were of predictable interest” to Russias federal security service.Bill Anderon, CEO of computer
48、 security company Optio Labs, said that Yahoos popularity plus its treasure of accounts that have set unused for years put a huge bullseye on the company.Email accounts are the gateway to plenty of areas in your personal life from your banking accounts and social networks to finding out who your clo
49、sest contacts are, Anderson said. At best, its a treasure chest worth a fortune to the intelligence community. At worst, its at least worth a few cents. Hackers can then sell millions of accounts to spammers, at a few cents each, for a decent payoff, according to experts.While Yahoo has made huge ef
50、forts in strengthening its security in recent years, the company doesnt have the same reputation for being on the cutting edge of security as Google. Many information security experts have respect for the current security team, but not the Yahoo brand itself, Grossman said. That image makeover may t
51、ake time.12. Which may not be the reason for the Yahoos 2014 theft of data?A. Its good reputation for security.B. Its popularity among Internet users.C. Its huge numbers of accounts.D. Its political and commercial value.13. The underlined part in the fourth paragraph means?A. brought great profits t
52、o the companyB. made the company an easy targetC. caused Yahoo to lose lots of usersD. put the spotlight on the company14. What can we infer from the text?A. The current security team will be fired by Yahoo.B. The Russian government is to blame in the case.C. Google takes the lead in the cyber secur
53、ity.D. Yahoo will make up for the users losses.15. What may serve as the best title?A. Yahoo, a Perfect Target?B. Justice Has Long ArmsC. Is Never too Late to MendD. Watch Out for Your Account【答案】12.A 13.B 14.C 15.A【解题思路】本文讲述了由于雅虎的人气加上其众多的账户财富和其政治经济价值，成了网络被攻击的目标，遭受了巨大损失。12. A推理判断题。根据第一段Yahoos sheer
54、size, popularity, and reputation for not having security practices as excellent as its competitors may have made the Internet company an ideal target for Russian spies,和第四段that Yahoos popularity plus its treasure of accounts that have set unused for years put a huge bullseye on the company.第五段Email
55、accounts are the gateway to plenty of areas in your personal life from your banking accounts and social networks to finding out who your closest contacts are可知雅虎账户数据被盗的原因是其受欢迎度，众多的账户和其政治经济价值，而不是其安全方面的好声誉。故选A。13. B句意猜测题。此处指雅虎的人气加上其多年未使用的账户的财富，使公司成了被攻击的靶子，给该公司带来了巨大的影响。划线部分指公司成了被攻击的靶子，与B项made the compa
56、ny an easy target同义，故选B。14. C推理判断题。根据最后一段While Yahoo has made huge efforts in strengthening its security in recent years, the company doesnt have the same reputation for being on the cutting edge of security as Google.可知谷歌在网络安全方面的声誉比雅虎好，故选C。15. A主旨大意题。本文讲述了由于雅虎的人气加上其众多的账户财富和其政治经济价值，成了网络被攻击的目标，遭受了巨大损
57、失。A项提出了本文问题，概括全文，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 E(安徽省江南十校2017届高三3月联考)Bob Dylan has own the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced Sara Danius, Swedish Academys permanent secretary, on Oct. 13, 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden. The Swedish Academy said it chose Dylan for having created new poetic expressions within the g
58、reat American song tradition. “As an artist, he is outstandingly all-round： he has been an active painter and actor， said the official statement. U. S. President Barack Obama congratulated Dylan on Twitter, describing him as one of his favorite poets.Singer and songwriter Dylan is recognized worldwi
59、de for the influence he has had on music. He became a symbol of the 1960s counterculture (反主流文化)but his voice has reached widely into the American past. Since early in his career, Dylan has experimented with the combination of the literary and the musical.Dylan had been mentioned in the Nobel predic
60、tion for years, but few experts expected the academy to extend the award to a genre (体裁）such as pop music. Hes the first American winner of the Nobel Literature Prize since Toni Morrison in 1992. The choice was met by a long round of applause from journalists attending the prize announcement. Sara D
61、anius said that while Dylan performs his poetry in the form of songs, that,s no different from the ancient Greeks, whose works were often performed to music.Dylans early rock classics such as The Times They Are A-Changin, and A Hard Rains Gonna Fall, help to get cross the thoughts and feelings of th
62、e counterculture. The music publication Rolling Stone released a list of the “100 Greatest Bob Dylan Songs” in honor of his 75 th birthday earlier this year.8. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. What Nobel Prize Dylan won in 2016.B. How Dylan influences music worldwide.C. Who congratulated Dylan
63、on winning the prize.D. Why Dylan was awarded the Nobel Literature Prize.9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “extend” in Paragraph 4?A. allocate B. deliver C. offer D. compensate10. What do we know about Dylan from the text?A. He is Barack Obamas favorite finger.B. He performs
64、poetry in the form of songs.C. He had never been expected to win a Nobel Prize.D. He is the first American to win the Nobel Literature Prize.11. Whats the journalists attitude towards Dylans winning the Nobel Literature Prize?A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Skeptical. D. Uncaring.【答案】8.D 9.C 10.B 11.
65、A【解题思路】本文介绍了2016年诺贝尔文学奖获得者Bob Dylan，并介绍了他在音乐方面的贡献，以及如何获得了诺贝尔将。8. 段落大意题。第二段讲的是美国总统奥巴马对他的评价，作为一位艺术家，他在各个方面都非常杰出，这也是他获得诺贝尔奖的原因，故选D。9. 词义猜测题。根据文章可知，Bob Dyian已经几年都被提名，但是专家们不愿意将这个奖项提供个一个流行音乐领域的人，因此这个词的意思是提供，故选C。10. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的it chose Dylan for having created new poetic expressions within the great Amer
66、ican song tradition.可知，他用歌曲的形式来写诗，故选B。11. 推理判断题。 根据第四段中的The choice was met by a long round of applause from journalists attending the prize announcement.可知，参加颁奖大会的记者们在宣布他获奖之后给予长久不绝的掌声，因此可以推断记者们对此都是支持的，故选A。 F(2018届晋豫省际高三大联考)A 60-year-old homeless woman named Smokie has been sleeping outside in the di
67、rt a few doors down from a man named Elvis Summers.Most mornings, she stops by Elviss Los Angeles apartment and asks if he has any recyclable materials for her. Through these conversations, they struck up a friendship.One morning, Elvis saw a news article about man in Oakland who has been making tin
68、y houses out of deserted materials. He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the wood and hardware to make Smokie a brand new shelter it took him five days to build it, and now, for the first time in ten years, Smokie a brand new shelter. It took him five days to build it, and n
69、ow, for the first time in ten years, Smokie has a place to hang the sign. “Home Sweet Home”.“I had nowhere to really build it, so I just built it in the street outside of my apartment,” Elvis told Good News Network. “The local LAPD police have been super cool, and have told me hey support itas long
70、as we move it to a different spot every 72 hours.”He made this pretty time-lapse(延时的) video showing how he did it. The materials, including two locks on the front door and strong wheels for moving it around, cost him about $500.“Ive met so many homeless people, good people,” Elvis said in an email,
71、“Since I built Smokies , Ive had several people asking me to make them a tiny home and its turned into much more than just the one house I wanted to build.”Although he runs an online retail store that sells EDM clothes, he has decided to launch an ambitious project to fund more shelters. He plants t
72、o get lighter and cheaper materialswithout sacrificing the strength of the housefor the next round. Rick Sassen, a branch manager, kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokies house, final items Elvis couldnt afford on his own. Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future buildi
73、ng materials for the same cause.4. What is the meaning of the underlined words “struck up” in paragraph 2?A. Kept on.B. Established.C. Gave out.D. Accomplished.5. Where did Elviss inspiration to build a tiny house come from?A. A news report.B. A science book.C. A fiction story.D. An advertisement.6.
74、 What is the main feature of the tiny house?A. It is air-conditioned.B. It is very light.C. It can move around.D. It has no roof.7. What can be inferred about Elvis from the last paragraph?A. He will get help from poor people.B. He earns his living by building houses.C. He plans to build stronger ho
75、uses.D. He will help more homeless people.【答案】4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D【解题思路】Elvis从一则新闻报道获得灵感，创造出“能四处移动”的微型房子，他将帮助更多无家可归的人。4. 词义猜测题。根据第二段中Through these conversations, they struck up a friendship.由常识可知，通过谈话人们会建立友谊。故选B。5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中One morning, Elvis saw a news article about man in Oakland who has been making
76、 tiny houses out of deserted materials. He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the wood and hardware to make Smokie a brand new shelter it took him five days to build it,可知，Elvis的灵感来自一则新闻报道。故选A。6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中The materials, including two locks on the front door and strong wh
77、eels for moving it around, cost him about $500.可知，这种微型房子的主要特色是“能四处移动”，故选C。7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Rick Sassen, a branch manager, kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokies house, final items Elvis couldnt afford on his own. Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future building materia
78、ls for the same cause.可推知，他将帮助更多无家可归的人。故选D。 G(广西桂林市九校2018届高三9月联考)A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women
79、 in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by Londons School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called d tranexamic acid （氨甲环酸）. It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.The drug is used to treat mothers f
80、or severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mothers death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding af
81、ter childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “Its one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. The drug works by stopping blood clots（血凝块） from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can pr
82、event the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birththe better the effect is. ”The next
83、step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.8. Tr
84、anexamic acid is a drug that .A. should be used for every motherB. helps mothers before giving birthC. ensures most new-born babies healthD. can help mothers giving birth stop bleeding9. What is the reachersnext plan?A. To know how much the drug is.B. To get permission to use the drug.C. To let more
85、 people know the drug.D. To make medical staff know how to use the drug.10. What can we learn from the text?A. The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.B. African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.C. There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.D
86、. Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of womens death.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. Care for the Health of MothersB. How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?C. Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding DeathsD. Whats the Biggest Killer of Mothers?【答案】8.D 9.D 10.C 11.C【解题思路】本文介绍了一种
87、能够大大减少产妇产后出血死亡的药品tranexamic acid，这种药经过实验效果很好，但广泛使用还需要一些努力。8. 细节推理题。根据第一段A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The drug is called trane
88、xamic acid (氨甲环酸).和第二段The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).可知tranexamic acid是治疗产后出血的一种有效药品，故选D。9. 细节推理题。根据最后一段The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed and provide training for doctors and nurses on how to
89、use it.可知下一步需要做的是让医疗工作者熟知这种药的使用方法，故选D.10. 推理判断题。根据最后一段The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed and provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it.和But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinic and rural areas.可知这种药品的广泛使用过程还很长，还有许多工作要做。故选C。11. 主旨大意题。本文主要在介绍一种能够大大减少产妇产后出血死亡的药品tranexamic acid，这种药经过实验效果很好。C项能概括全文内容，适合作为标题。故选C。
