1、专题十一 定语从句专题导读真题典例新题预测返回目录专题十一定语从句定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：1考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that，which和where，when的区分；that，which和why的区分等。2考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose名词名词 of which of which名词。如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the do
2、or is broken is on the second floor.返回目录专题导读3考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。4考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如：I,who am your close friend,will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.5考查“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：The
3、 teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.返回目录专题十一定语从句专题导读同时还要重视“复杂介词或代词”出现时与并列句的区别。如：He loved his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.(定语从句)He loved his parents deeply and both of them are very kind to him.(并列句)此外，“介词which 名词”结构，也是一个较为特殊的结构。如
4、：He was very ill,in which case(and in this case)we sent him to hospital first.返回目录专题十一定语从句专题导读6考查一些特殊的先行词。如：当situation,point,case,activity，scene及period,festival,occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which;作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词which”，表示在某种特定的情形下。7考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。如：The news that he ha
5、d passed the exam pleased him and his family.(同位语从句)The news(that)he told me this morning is not interesting.(定语从句)返回目录专题十一定语从句专题导读It was 1914 when the war broke out.(时间状语从句)It was in 1914 that the war broke out.(强调句)2014年高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。返回目录专题十一定语从句专题导读返回目录专题十一定
6、语从句真题典例12013新课标全国卷 When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.A.what Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich解析 C考查定语从句。句意：当我到了的时候，布莱恩带我去看我要居住的房子。where引导定语从句，先行词the house在从句中作地点状语。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例22013江苏卷 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as e
7、arly as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen解析 B考查定语从句。先行词a passion for China在非限制性定语从句中作动词remember的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导，故选B项。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例32013江西卷 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A.what Bwhich Cwhere Dhow解析 C考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信中，他解释了在这次事故中所发生的事情。定语从句中带了一个宾语从句，先行
8、词在从句中作状语，where相当于in which。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例42013辽宁卷 He may win the competition,_ he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin that case Cin what case Din whose case解析 A考查定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中用which;in which case 指 代 前 面 he may win the competition。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例52013山东卷 There is no simple
9、 answer,_ is often the case in science.A.as Bthat Cwhen Dwhere解析 A考查定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，as is often the case意思是“情况常常如此”。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例62013四川卷 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A.what Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere解 析 D考 查 定 语 从 句 的 用 法。此 处 the environment为先行词，where代替这一先行词作后面
10、定语从句的状语。句意：如今人们更关心他们居住的环境。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例72013天津卷 We have launched another manmade satellite，_ is announced in todays newspaper.A.that Bwhich Cwho Dwhat 解析 B考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此句的先行词指代前面整个句子，且是非限制性定语从句，需用which引导。that不引导非限制性定语从句。句意：我们已经发射了另一颗人造卫星，这在今天的报纸上公布了。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例82013浙江卷 The children,_ had p
11、layed the whole day long,were worn out.A.all of what Ball of which Call of them Dall of whom解析 D考查定语从句。该句中的先行词是the children，此处先行词在定语从句中作主语，同时表示“人”，应该用关系代词whom，故选D项。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例92013福建卷 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A.whose BthatCwho Dwhi
12、ch解析 A考查定语从句。先行词指人且在句中作定语修饰其后的名词“lives”，所以用whose。句意：这本书以那些生活受到地震影响的人们的眼光讲述了这次地震中的许多故事。返回目录专题十一定语从句真题典例102013湖南卷 Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whom BwhoCwhat Dwhich解析 B考查定语从句。句意：幸福和成功往往降临到那些善于认识到自己优点的人身上。空格前的代词those指代“人”，且在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导定语
13、从句。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测1Jennifer is always absent from school,_I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.Awhich Bwho Cthat Dwhat解析 A考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：珍妮弗总是上学迟到，我想这是她为什么时常挨批评的原因。which指代上文的整句话，故选A项。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测2Members of the Beijing Wheelchair Dance Training Base,_was set up in 2009,are able to
14、 manage their wheelchairs perfectly.Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dthat解 析 B考 查 定 语 从 句。先 行 词 the Beijing Wheelchair Dance Training Base作 定 语 从 句“_was set up in 2009”的主语，且是非限制性定语从句，故用which，而不用that。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测3April Fools Day is a traditional festival _ people play harmless jokes on others.Awhich Bwhere Cth
15、at Dwhen解析 D考查定语从句。句意：愚人节是一个传统的节日，在这天人们可以彼此开一些无伤大雅的玩笑。空格后面的句子是定语从句，修饰前面的名词festival，而festival 在定语从句中作时间状语，所以选D项when。which 和that 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，不能作状语；where 可作状语，但是表示地点，不符合题意。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测4Where did you meet Mr Smith from the US yesterday?It is in that market _ we often buy things.A.where Bwhat Ct
16、hat Dthere解析 A考查定语从句。句意：“你昨天在哪里见到从美国来的史密斯先生的？”“是在我们经常买东西的那家市场里。”答语是一个包含定语从句的强调句型，完整表达是：It is in that market where we often buy things that I met Mr Smith from the US yesterday.返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测5.Is this the school Jack often talks about?Right,just the one _ you know he studied for up to nine years.At
17、hat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere 解析 D考查定语从句。句意：“这个就是杰克经常提及的学校吗？”“是的，你知道，这正是他读了近九年书的那个学校。”此句是个定语从句，先行词the one在从句中充当地点状语，you know是插入语。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测6He was then admitted to a key university,_ he graduated with honours.Aof which Bon which Cabout which Dfrom which解析 D考查非限制性定语从句的用法。句意：他被一所重点大学录取，毕业时成绩优异。graduat
18、e from从毕业。先行词是a key university，which指代a key university，故选D项。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测7.When people talk about the most popular new Chinese Internet words in 2010,the first _comes into their mind is“Geili”Awhich Bthat Cone Dof them 解析 B考查定语从句。句意：当谈论2010年中国网络上最流行的新词时，第一个进入他们的脑海的就是“给力”。the first相当于the first wor
19、d，用作先行词，从句缺少主语，故选择关系代词；由于先行词是序数词，所以不用which。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测8Foreign ministers of the two countries hold regular meetings,_they can exchange views on international issues of both concern.Awhat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhy解析 B考查定语从句。先行词是 meetings，引导词在从句中作状语，where相当于in the meetings。句意：两国外交部长定期举行会议，在会议上他们可以就双方都关心
20、的国际事务交流观点。返回目录专题十一定语从句新题预测9.The book,_ are true stories about great scientists of the 20th century,is well worth reading.Awhich Bwhat Cin which Dof which解析 C考查定语从句。这个定语从句是一个完全倒 装 句，陈 述 语 序 是：True stories about great scientists of the 20th century are in the book.which指代先行词the book，作介词in的宾语。返回目录专题十一定
21、语从句新题预测10_is often the case with human beings,many animals sleep a lot when young,but sleep much less when they get older.AWhich BWhat CAs DThat解析 C考查定语从句。句意：动物和人类通常都是这样的，年轻的时候睡得很多，但随着年龄的增长睡得越少了。as引导定语从句，放在句首，指代从句内容。as is often the case(with)情况常常如此，通常就是这样。返回目录备用习题1.The small mountain village _ we sp
22、ent our holiday last month lies in _ is now part of HubeiProvince.Awhich;where Bwhere;what Cthat;which Dwhen;which解析 B考查定语从句和宾语从句。第一空考查定语从句，先行词是village，从句缺少状语，故使用关系副词where；第二空考查宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故用what引导，并在从句中作主语。依句意知B正确。返回目录备用习题2The fact is that everyone has to grow up and mature,_come some growing pains
23、.Awith which BwhenCthat Dwhat解析 A考查定语从句。句意：事实是，每个人都要长大、成熟，随之而来的是一些成长的烦恼。本句是“介词关系代词”型的定语从句，with源自短语come with；从句部分是一个全部倒装结构，正常顺序是：some growing pains come with which。返回目录备用习题3Would you be kind enough to help the boy _Chinese is really hard to learn?Awho BwhoseCfor whom Dwhich解析 C考查定语从句。本句是“介词关系代词”型的定语从
24、句，介词for源自be hard for sb to do sth。返回目录备用习题4She suggests another approach,one,I think,_ suits us better.Athat BwhereCwhich Dwho解析 A考查定语从句。句意：她推荐了另一种方法，一种我认为更适合我们的方法。从句suits us better缺少主语，先行词又是one，故只能选择A项。返回目录备用习题5The government took good care of the children,four fifths of _ parents lost their lives
25、in the AntiJapanese War.Awhich BwhomCwhose Dthem解析 C考查定语从句。该定语从句的先行词是the children,whose指代先行词在句中作parents的定语。which不能指人；whom在句中只能作宾语；them不能引导定语从句。句意：政府把这些孩子照顾得很好，五分之四的孩子的父母在抗日战争中失去了生命。故C正确。返回目录备用习题6This is the best way _ I have thought of _ the problem.Athat;solving Bin which;solvingCwhich;to solve D/;
26、to solve解析 D考查定语从句和特殊用法。定语从句“I have thought of”修饰先行词the best way，I前面省略了that；第二空是特殊用法：the way to do sth the way of doing sth做某事的方法。句意：这是我想起来的解决这个问题的最好方法。故D正确。返回目录备用习题7.Dr John has started a social enterprise _ young people can get involved in helping the community.Awhich BwhereCthat Dwhen解析 B考查定语从句。句
27、意：约翰博士开办了一家社会企业，在这里，年轻人能够参与帮助社区的活动。本题的先行词是a social enterprise，定语从句的结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词，且结合句意可知B正确。返回目录备用习题8.Men are more suited to occupational environments _ require decisive action while women are better at jobs _ a considered approach is most important.Awhich;that B/;when Cwhich;when Dthat;where解析 D第
28、一空用关系代词that或which 作主语，不可以省略；第二空根据先行词jobs和定语从句的意思，确定用关系副词whereat which，表地点，作地点状语。返回目录备用习题9.After the storm in Beijing,people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.Awhich BwhoCwhere Dwhat解析 B考查定语从句。先行词是people，故定语从句的主语指人，所以答案为B。返回目录备用习题10The classroom
29、 is crowded with children_ have poor eyesight,all of _ interested in painting.Awho;whom Bthat;whomCwho;them Dthat;who解析 C考查定语从句和独立主格结构。第一空是定语从句，从句的先行词是children，从句中缺少主语，用who指代先行词在从句中作主语；第二空横线后面没有系动词，说明该部分不是一个完整的句子，所以就不能使用定语从句的关系词了，故排除A、B、D三项。them指代前面的children作为of的宾语。句意：教室里挤满了视力差的孩子。他们所有人都对画画感兴趣。故C正确。
