1、语法专项训练(二)冠词考点一 冠词的种类冠词是一种虚词,是最典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,只能附在一个名词上帮助说明名词的含义.英语冠词有三种,即定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词.语法精讲语法精讲种类例句(1)定冠词the它的含义是特指和类指The book on the desk is mine.Take the medicine three times a day.种类例句(2)不定冠词a(an)a(an)用于泛指或类指,a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前I work five days a week.I just knew he worked in a university.
2、Armstrong is a man of few words.He was an outstanding lawyer.Its an honor for me to speak here.种类例句(3)零冠词一般不用冠词的场合.许多专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前都用零冠词It is Sunday today.Knowledge is power.Lead is heavier than iron.Boys enjoy playing football.考点二 冠词的基本用法冠词总是与名词一起连用:用法例句(1)在单数可数名词前可用定冠词或不定冠词Please close the door.W
3、e lived in a small house.(2)复数可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词The stars are bright in a cloudless sky.Cigarettes are bad for your health.用法例句(3)不可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词The sugar you bought yesterday has got damp.Hydrogen is lighter than oxygen.(4)专有名词前用零冠词He works in Beijing.考点三 冠词的固定习语1定冠词in the middle of to；tell the truth；i
4、n the daytime；in the end；at the same time；at the moment；on the spot；go to the cinema/theatre；on the whole；on the right/left,etc.2不定冠词in a hurry；at a loss；give a lift；have a try；all of a sudden；as a rule；as a matter of fact；take a break；once upon a time;have a population of；a waste of time,etc.3零冠词At
5、 noon/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight；give way；in time；take part in；lose heart；make way；hand in hand；by chance；by day；on foot；on account of；in place of；in spite of；catch sight of；make use of；out of control/date/patience/mind/reach/breath/danger,etc.单句填空用a,an或the填空1(2011高考课标全国卷改编)It is generally accepte
6、d that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man.提升演练提升演练aa解析:句意:人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会站起来,像男子汉一样去奋斗.两空的词都不是特指,而是泛指,所以都选不定冠词.2(2011高考陕西卷改编)As is known to all,_ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world.解析:中华人民共和国应为the Peoples Republic of China;最高级前面应该用定冠词.thethe3(2011高考重
7、庆卷改编)In communication,a smile is usually _ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude.解析:sign为可数名词在这里又是泛指,所以填a.a/4(2011高考大纲全国卷改编)As he reached _ front door,Jack saw _ strange sight.解析:前门是特指的,所以该用定冠词；而第二空是看到一种奇怪的景象,景象可数也是泛指,所以用不定冠词a.thea5(2011高考山东卷改编)Take your timeits just _ short distance from he
8、re to _ restaurant.解析:句意:不用着急,从这到那家餐馆只是一小段距离而已.前一空该用不定冠词a,后一空是指说话双方都知道的那个餐馆,为特指.athe6(2011高考四川卷改编)Dr.Peter Spence,_ headmaster of the school,told us,“_ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”/A解析:Dr Peter spence 与其后的headmaster of the school 是同位关系.表示官职的名词前应使用零冠词.要表示分数“五分之一”,其分子可
9、用冠词a或one.7(2011高考江西卷改编)Its said John will be in a job paying over$60,000 _ year.Right,he will also get paid by_ week.解析:每年六万美金应为$60,000 a year,按周算应该表示为by the week.athe8Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not _pleasant experience.解析:experience 此处意为“经历”,当经历讲时,experience 为可数名词,此处表范指,故用a.a9(20
10、11高考广东卷改编)I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had _ amazing conversation.解析:have a conversation 为固定搭配.amazing 以元音音素开头,所以用an.an10While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room,the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_small town some 20 kilometers
11、away where there was a garage.解析:20千米远的一个小镇,表示范指,故用a.a11(2010高考广东卷)A young man,while traveling through a desert,came across a spring of clear water._water was sweet.解析:特指前面的a spring of water,故此处用定冠词the.the.语篇填空用适当的冠词完成下面的短文There was once a king who offered 1._ prize to 2._ artist who would paint 3._
12、 best picture of peace.Many artists tried.The king looked at all 4._pictures.athethetheBut there were only two he really liked,and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake.The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it.Overhead was a blue sky with white c
13、louds.All who saw this picture thought it was 5._ perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains,too.But these were rugged and bare.Above was 6._angry sky,aanfrom which rain fell and in which lightning played.Down 7._ side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾)a foaming(水泡)waterfall.This did not look
14、 peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely,he saw behind 8._ waterfall a tinythethebush growing in a crack in the rock.In the bush 9._mother bird had built her nest.There,in the midst of the rush of angry water,sat the mother bird on her nestin perfect peace.The king chose 10._ second picture.athe 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
