1、 话题素材好词1solve v. 解决2absorb v. 吸收3observe v. 观察；遵守；庆祝4knowledge n. 知识5explore vt. 探索；探险exploration n. 探测；探究6serious adj. 严重的7comfortable adj. 舒适的8with the development of 随着的发展9science and technology 科技10make a difference 起作用11in the meantime 同时12growing rapidly 迅速发展佳句1I was so angry that I rushed out
2、, leaving him sitting there with pale face.我非常生气，冲了出去，留下他坐在那儿，脸色发白。2Neither will_he_go home nor will he go to school.他既不愿回家，也不愿去上学。精美语篇We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cant enjoy themselves without them.However, if I h
3、ad to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and therere too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere.As for cells and the Web, they are more necessa
4、ry to me because a cell can make me keep in touch with my friends and family while the Internet can provide me with almost all information. 高频单词1assist (vt.) 帮助；协助assistance (n.) 帮助；协助assistant (n.) 助手；助理2technical (adj.) 技术上的technique (n.) 技术3latter (n.) 后者former (n.) 前者4shortly (adv.) 不久；很快5update
5、 (vt.) 更新6worn (adj.) 磨损的wear (vt.) 穿；佩戴；磨损；留；蓄7starvation (n.) 饥饿starve (v.) 挨饿8conflict (n.) 争执；冲突 (v.) 冲突；抵触9equality (n.) 平等equal (adj.) 平等的 (v.) 等于10assess (vt.) 评价；评估assessment (n.) 评价；评估11electronic (adj.) 电子的electric (adj.) 电的；用电的electrical (adj.) 电的；电气科学的12specialist (n.) 专家special (adj.) 专
6、门的；特殊的13rescue (vt.) 拯救；救援rescuer (n.) 救援者14instructor (n.) 指导者；教练instruct (v.) 指导；教导15donate (vt.) 捐赠；赠送donation (n.) 捐赠；赠送donator (n.) 捐赠者16meanwhile (adv.) 同时17cure (vt.) 治愈18exploration (n.) 探测，探险explore (vt.) 探测，探险19permanent (adj.) 长久的，永久的20permit (vt.) 允许；准许；许可permit (n.) 许可证permission (n.) 允
7、许；准许21declare (vt.) 宣告；宣布declaration (n.) 宣布22poisonous (adj.) 有毒的poison (n.) 毒物；毒药 重点短语1in_advance提前，预先2be_based_on 以为基础3make_up_for 弥补4donate.to. 捐给5shortly_after 不久后6give_away 泄露(秘密)7take_over 接收，接管8figure_out 计算出；解决出9wrestle_with_something 努力解决难以处理的事物10participate_in 参加11not to mention 更不用说12com
8、e into conflict 发生冲突13drop off 下降；减少14be dedicated to 致力于；献身于15due to 因为16rather than 而不是 热点句型1“by时间点”常与完成时连用By the year 2015, the clothing industry will_have_produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.(教材P20)到2015年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污迹。2b
9、e doing.when. “正在这时”In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was_rocking his oneyearold baby when he was suddenly inspired.(教材P24)1905年夏天，这位率直的年轻人正摇晃他一岁的婴儿时，他突然有了灵感。3Theres no doubt about/that.“毫无疑问”Theres_no_doubt_about it.(教材P25)对此应该深信不疑。4否定词比较级表示最高级的含义At this time of year, there is nowhere
10、_better_than the unspoilt countryside of South Shropshire. (教材P29)在每年这个时节，没有哪里比自然淳朴的南什罗浦乡下更好了。 教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1Over the centuries, people have always _ (wonder) about the future.答案：wondered2Some like to read fantasy stories and imagine what the world will be like _ 10,50 or even 1,
11、000 years time.答案：in3Many people will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises _ (base) on the predictions they will hear this weekend.答案：based4By the year 2025, no one will die of _ (starve) because there will be food for everyone.答案：starvation5_ the middle of the century, compute
12、rs that are millions of times smarter than us will have been developed.答案：By6_ (amaze) discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world.答案：Amazing7Although _ is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a
13、 few pioneers of the 20th century.答案：it8Einstein had already become worldfamous when a young exlawyer, _ (return) from the First World War, started work in California.答案：returning9In 1929, another farreaching _ (find) was made by the son of a Scottish shepherd.答案：finding10These pioneers of the 20th
14、century were all _ (dedicate) to improving the quality of human life on earth.答案：dedicated1The new international crew are planning to take over from the existing one and assist with.(P19)新的国际机组全体人员正计划要接管现有的一架飞机并协助 帮助某人做某事(2)assistance n. 帮助go/come to ones assistance 帮助某人with the assistance of 在帮助下(3
15、)assistant n. 助手，助理，助教；店员2013天津高考For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory.多年来，为了帮助在洛厄尔天文台的宇航员，亚利桑那州的佛莱斯达在它的城市实行照明条例。牛津词典The head teachers deputy assists_with many of his duties.副校长帮助校长做了很多工作。I swam to Dad qu
16、ickly and assisted him in_climbing/to_climb onto the boat.我迅速游向父亲，并协助他爬到船上。译林3With_the_assistance_of his brother, he sold one painting.在弟弟的帮助下，他卖掉了一幅画。2In the 18th and 19th centuries, especially the latter, the most common theme in science fiction novels was the future.(P20)在18和19世纪，特别是19世纪，科幻小说最常见的
17、主题是未来。 (1)the former.，the latter. 前者，后者(2)the latter_part 后部分the latter_point 后一点the latter_year 晚年2013福建高考Jack and Bill are twins, but the_former is taller than the_latter.杰克和比尔是孪生兄弟，但前者比后者高。人教1Listen to the latter part of Barrys story.听巴里讲述故事的后半部分。易混辨析late指比预料的或正常的时间晚，意思是“迟的，晚的(地)”lately副词，意思是“近来，
18、最近”，相当于recently，常与完成时态连用latest是形容词表示“最近的，最新的”later为副词，多用于时间上，指与过去某一时间点相比，“更后地，更晚地；后来；以后”latter表示两事物之间的顺序，意为“后一个/后者”，与former(前者)相对，常用于“the former., the latter.”结构中续表一言辨异Though I havent heard much more latest news about him, I know from his teacher that lately he has always been late for school. Later
19、,_I know from his classmates that he is late for either helping his mum with farming or playing computer games in the net bar. I think the chances of the latter are much more.虽然我听到关于他的最新消息不多，但我从他老师那里了解到，最近他总上课迟到。我从他同学处了解到，他迟到或因帮他妈妈干农活，或因在网吧玩游戏。我认为后者的可能性要大。用late/later/lately/latest/latter填空aBy the ti
20、me he realizes he has walked into a trap, it will be too _ for him to do anything about it.b外研7You look as if you went to bed _ last night.c译林1Hi, John. I havent heard much from you _.dEating breakfast ke you from overeating _ in the day.eThe match has been postponed a _ date.f北师大1 We want to hear a
21、ll about the _ events and happenings in our school.答案：a.late blateclately dlaterelaterflatest3There will therefore no longer be any conflict and people will be able to live together in peace and equality.(P20)所以将不会再有任何冲突，人们将能够在和平与平等中生活在一起。(1)A和B相冲突(2)与冲突/争执in conflict处于冲突中conflict between A and BA和B
22、之间的矛盾朗文词典The new evidence conflicts_with the findings from previous studies.新证据与先行研究的结果相矛盾。A small conflict can lead to violence.一个小小的矛盾可能会引发暴力。朗文词典The two groups have been in_conflict_with each other for years.这两个团体之间多年来一直有冲突。4Dave also goes outside the ship to rescue Frank, and HAL refuses to let
23、him back in.(P23)戴维也到轮船外面去营救法兰克，而HAL拒绝让他回去。(1)rescue sb./sth. from (doing) sth./sb.save sb./sth. from (doing) sth./sb. 从救出某物/某人(2)come/go to sb.s rescue 援救某人the rescue team 救援队朗文词典He rescued two people from the fire.他从火中救出两人。牛津词典You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.是你给我解了围。2013北京高考This mont
24、h, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery.这个月葛瑞丝将出演海豚的传说，一部聚焦她被营救和康复的电影。朗文词典A nearby boat came to the rescue.附近的一条船进行了救援。5Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseased organs with d
25、onated ones.(P24)医学的进步包括从在显微镜下发现疾病的起因到用捐赠器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术过程。(1)donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐献某物donate blood 献血(2)donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款give/make/present a donation to. 向捐赠(3)donator n. 捐赠者Many people have donated that type of blood.很多人已经捐献了那种类型的血。The retired man donated most of his savings to the school dam
26、aged by the earthquake.这位退休老人把大部分积蓄都捐给了被地震毁坏的那所学校。朗文词典Our school donated $500 to the Red Cross.我们学校向红十字会捐款500美元。朗文词典Please make_a_donation_to UNICEF.请向联合国儿童基金会捐款。易混辨析donate一般表示捐钱和献血，只用作及物动词contribute主要指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思相同：二者均可表示“捐献”，后面可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换作用用donate/contribute的适当
27、形式填空a2013江苏高考改编Its more meaningful to _ books and sports goods to children in need.bMany people have _ that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs more.cI believe that each of us can _ to the future of the world.dHonesty and hard work _ to success and happiness.eThe scientist often _ to an aca
28、demic journal.答案：a.donate/contribute bdonated ccontributedcontributeecontributes6We started flying around the world and meanwhile, scientists figured out how to split the atom.(P24)我们开始在世界各地飞行，而同时科学家们也搞清楚了如何分解原子 2014山东高考Meanwhile,_Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning he
29、r two sons not to fall in love with the dog.同时，安去便利店买了一些宠物食品，警告她的两个儿子不要喜欢上这条狗。2013浙江高考It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. In_the_meanwhile,_Ill set the table.如果你能去商店买些我们晚餐需要的东西，那就太好了。与此同时，我也会摆好餐具的。I was in the kitchen cleaning up. Meanwhile,_Ray was in the l
30、iving room, watching.我在厨房打扫卫生，此时雷却在客厅看电视。特别提示(1)meanwhile可以作名词和副词，但不能作连词，所以不能引导时间状语从句。(2)meantime可以作名词和副词，比meanwhile更为普遍，但作为副词，不及meanwhile普遍。7During the Second World War, when Flemings discovery was first helping to cure people, the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their mis
31、siles.(P25)第二次世界大战期间，青霉素第一次被使用，这时美国海军正在致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。 2014江西高考ORBIS has taught sightsaving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.ORBIS医学培训帮助把治疗眼睛疾病的技术教给了35000多名医生和护士，而这些医生和护士每年会治愈成千上万的盲人。牛津词典The doctors cured her of cancer.医
32、生治好了她的癌症。人教3One day, scientists will find a_cure_for AIDS.总有一天科学家会找到治疗爱滋病的方法。易混辨析cure意为“治愈，治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作宾语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；也用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与介词of搭配，强调结果treat只指治病，不包括治疗的效果如何。其宾语可以是人也可以是病，人作宾语时，病用for短语表示。用药，用介词with，它强调“治疗”这一动作heal多用于治愈外伤，指伤口愈合一言辨异The doctor treated his headache with a new drug but
33、 didnt cure him.医生用一种新药治疗了他的头疼，但他并未痊愈。用cure/treat/heal的适当形式填空aWe make arrangements for her to be _ by a famous doctor.bMoving to the country _ her of the disease.cMy foot still hadnt _ from an earlier injury.dWhich doctors are _ her for her illness?答案：a.treated BcuredChealed Dtreating8You are not pe
34、rmitted to work if you are on a student visa.(P27)如果你持有的是学生签证，你就不被允许工作。(1)permit sb. to_do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事(2)permission n. 许可，允许give permission 给予，许可without permission 未经许可2015天津高考No pets except fish are_permitted in student rooms.除了鱼，其他宠物不许养在学生房间里。2014上海高考If time permits,_I may
35、go to Shanghai with my friends.如果时间允许的话，我可能和我的朋友们去上海。He permitted_me_to_retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A.他允许我重新参加考试，我的成绩因此提高到了A。牛津词典We dont permit_smoking in the office.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。The Sabbath gives us permission to stop work.在安息日我们可以不工作。牛津词典They entered the area without_permission.他们
36、未经许可擅入该地。特别提示permit后不能直接跟不定式，但应注意可以有be permitted to do sth.结构。与permit一样，后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构的动词还有：allow, forbid, advise等。9NASA declared that a rock from Mars proved.(P28)美国国家航空航天局宣称，来自火星的一岩石表明(1)declare sb./sth.(to be) 声称/宣称/表明某人/某事是declare for/against 声明支持/反对declare war on 向宣战declare that. 宣布；宣告(2)dec
37、laration n. 宣布；宣告朗文词典The bridge has been declared unsafe.这座桥已经被宣布为危桥。If you have nothing to_declare,_go through the Green Channel.如果你没有东西要申报，那就走绿色通道。牛津词典The commission declared_against the proposed scheme.委员会反对所提的计划。外研6In September 1939, Britain declared_war_on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.1
38、939年九月，在德国入侵波兰后，英国向德国宣战。2013辽宁高考Some scientists declare_that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.一些科学家宣称，我们大部分的疲劳来自我们的精神和情感态度。易混辨析declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判、意见等announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息一言辨异He announced to us that th
39、e government had declared that they would try every possible means to prevent the disease spreading throughout the country.他向我们宣布政府已经声明他们会想尽一切办法去阻止疾病扩散到全国。用declare/announce的适当形式填空aPlease remain seated, the winner of the prize will be _ soon.b牛津词典She was _ to be guilty.c朗文词典The US _ war _ England in
40、1812.答案：a.announced BdeclaredCdeclared; on过关演练在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1朗文词典Two nurses assisted Dr Bernard in _ (perform) the operation.答案：performingassist sb. in doing sth. “帮助某人做某事”。2We are looking for people who would be willing to assist _ the groups work.答案：withassist with sth. “帮助做某事”。3John
41、 and James are brothers; the former is a teacher, the _ is an engineer.答案：latterthe former.the latter “前者后者”。4牛津词典Their accounts of events conflicts _ ours.答案：withconflict with sth. “与不合/不一致”。5朗文词典Survivors of the crash were _ (rescue) by helicopter.答案：rescued此处考查被动语态be rescued by “被挽救”。6朗文词典Would y
42、ou like _ (donate) something to charity?答案：to donatewould like to do “想要做”。7Please find a taxi and in the _ Ill pack some food.答案：meanwhilein the meanwhile “同时”。82013天津高考Mobile phone conversations are not _ (permit) anywhere in the library.答案：permitted此处考查被动语态。9Did your dad give you _ (permit) to us
43、e the car?答案：permissiongive sb. sth. “给某人某物”，故此处应用名词形式。10译林3He has _ (declare) that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.答案：declared现在完成时，have/has动词的过去分词。1.we sent the questions to her programmers in advance.(P22)我们提前把问题送到她的编程人员那里。 (1)in advance (of) 预先；事先；事前ahead_of time/schedulein advan
44、ce(2)advance on 价格或数量的增加；预付款advances (to sb.) 亲近；拉关系(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的，晚期的2015湖北高考This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.这间会议室是无烟区，我想提前警告你，如果你在这里抽烟，你会被罚款。When students were told my rule in_advance_of the class, som
45、e of them were not happy.当同学们在课前得知我的规矩后，他们中的一些人感到不快。牛津词典“Any advance on $20？”called the auctioneer.拍卖人喊道，“二十美元，还有增加的吗？”朗文词典By this time, the disease was too far advanced to be treated.这时，疾病正发生到晚期，无法医治了。2I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away.(P23)恐怕孩子们会把这整件事说出去。 图解助记2013辽宁高考We have gi
46、ven_away half of what we owned through websites.我们已经通过网站把我们所有的东西捐出了一半了。Would they give_away their chance to win the game?他们会放弃赢得比赛的机会吗？北师大17Ill never give your secrets away again.我决不会再泄露你的秘密。牛津词典The mayor gave_away the prizes at the school sports day.市长在学校运动会上颁发奖品。朗文词典If you feel the need for a ciga
47、rette, dont give_in_to it.如果你感到想吸烟，一定要忍住。人教3Its difficult to give_up smoking.戒烟可不容易。牛津词典This fire doesnt seem to be giving_off much heat.这炉火好像不太热。朗文词典He stood on the corner, giving_out flyers.他站在角落里散发传单。3His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.(P23)他在公司里投资的唯一理由就是接管它。 2013辽宁高
48、考Briggs will take_over as general manager when Mitchell retires.米切尔退休后，布里格斯将接任总经理一职。牛津词典Has the Party been taken_over by extremists?该党是否已被极端分子控制？朗文词典His son will take_over the business.他的儿子将接管这家公司。My writing career took_off when I discovered my own style.在找到自己的写作风格后，我的写作事业开始有了起色。外研4Trees take_in car
49、bon dioxide and give out oxygen.树木吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气。Rogers took_up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.罗杰斯学了一段时间的绘画，但很快便失去了兴趣。朗文词典Once we had children, Christmas took_on a different sort of importance.我们一有了孩子，圣诞节的重要性就不一样了。人教1The old man saw some Germans taking_apart the Amber Room and removing it
50、.老人看到一些德国人把琥珀屋拆掉后搬走了。The house I grew up in has been taken_down and replaced by an office building.我小时候住的那所房子已被拆除，取而代之的是一座办公楼。过关演练选词填空1If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will _ him _ during the day.答案：give; away2Reserve your ticket _ by calling our telephone hot line.答案：in advance3The
51、 news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was _ on the radio yesterday.答案：given out4I _ it _ a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their product.答案：take; as5牛津词典Peter will _ as managing director when Bill retires.答案：take over1 By
52、 the year 2015， the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.(P20)到2015年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。by the year 2015是“by时间点”构成的介词短语，表示“到时候”。这一结构通常用于完成时态的句子中作时间状语。 (1)by表示将来的时间点，句子谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示到将来某一时间已经完成的动作。(2)by表示
53、过去的时间点，句子谓语动词常用过去完成时，表示到过去某一时间已经完成的动作。特别提示by now, by this time, by the end of等都与完成时态连用。By_the_end_of_last_year,_my vocabulary had_grown to 3,000 words.到去年末，我的词汇量已达到了三千。By the time she got there, Jim had_left for Paris.她到这儿的时候，吉姆已经去巴黎了。牛津词典By the time (that) this letter reaches you Ill_have_left the
54、country.你接到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。He will_have_finished writing his novel by_the_end_of_next _year.到明年年底他将写完他的小说。2 Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology， whether lucky or planned， the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.(P25)没有科技上的这些尖端突破，无论是
55、好运带来的还是按计划取得的，我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。without在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“wouldhave done”表示对过去的虚拟。(1)当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”，主句的谓语动词用“would/could/should动词原形”构成。(2)像这样表假设条件的介词还有but for；连词or, otherwise，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。Without your help, I would_have_failed in the examination.没有你的帮助，我可能就通不过考试。W
56、ithout appropriate software, a computer would_be a mere box.如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个盒子。But_for your kind help, I wouldnt_have_succeeded in passing the driving test.要不是你的好心帮助，我就不可能通过驾驶考试了。2014江西高考Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt_have_found it otherwise.谢谢你为我们指明去那所房子的路，否则我们是找不到的。过关演练完成句子1He
57、 _ writing his book by the end of last year.去年年底前他写完了他的书。答案：had finished2By five oclock tomorrow afternoon, I will already _ all the work.到明天下午五点，我将完成所有的工作。答案：have finished3牛津词典But for the rain, we _ a nice holiday.要不是下雨，我们的假日一定过得很惬意。答案：would have had4Without his timely rescue, the boy _.如果没有他的及时帮助，
58、这个男孩就死了。答案：would have died将来时&代词将来时1表示客观上将要发生的动作等通常用“will动词原形”。2015安徽高考Its reported that a space station _ on the moon in years to come.据报道来年将在月球建太空站。答案：will be built2在状语从句中现在时表将来。2015湖南高考Thats why I help brighten peoples days. If you _， who is to say that another person will.这就是我帮助照亮人们日子的原因。如果你不这样做
59、，那么还有谁会这样做呢？答案：dont区分代词it, that, one1it指代已提及的事物、动植物和婴儿等；指在场的人或电话中的通话者；作形式主语或形式宾语；构成强调句型。2014大纲全国卷Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.答案：It_ felt funny watching myself on TV.答案：It2one代替前面出现过的可数名词，表示同类中的一个；代表任何人，表示泛指。Christie was _ of my best friends at high school.克里斯蒂是我高中时期最好的朋友之一。答案：one3that指代前面
60、出现过的不可数名词或可数名词单数，表示特指。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one。The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.美国英语和英国英语只有一些细微的差别。答案：that过关演练.用it/one/that填空12014浙江高考An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making _ the driest year since California became a state in
61、1850.答案：itit指代an average of just 18.75 cm of rain。2To be happy, _ must keep busy and think about positive things.答案：oneone泛指一个人。3If you are buying todays paper from stand, could you get _ for me?答案：one指代同类中的一份。4The weather in Beijing is much colder than _ in Shanghai.答案：that指代前面出现的不可数名词the weather。.用括号内单词的正确形式填空52015福建高考Train yourself to “bite your tongue”， and with a little practice, you _ (get) really good at letting things go.答案：will get祈使句and., and后的句子用一般将来时。62013江西高考She says that she will have to close the shop unless business _ (improve)答案：improvesunless引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时。
