1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)专题09非谓语动词考点聚焦(教师版)考点1 辨别是谓语还是非谓语Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited 【答案与解析】C。该题把祈使句、非谓语动词以及破折号的作用综合到一起来进行考查。句意： 请帮我个忙邀请我的朋友史密斯先生今晚七点半到青年剧院。破折号后是一个祈 使句。_ three times, but she
2、 still couldnt follow what the old man said. A. Having told B. Having been told C. She had been told D. Though he had been told【答案与解析】C。根据句中连词but可知，不是考查非谓语动词。though不可与but连用，句意：尽管人家说了三次，但她任然听不懂老人所说的话。The fruit _ fresh in his fruit stand _ very well.A. look, sellingB. looking, sells C. looked, sells D
3、. looking, is sold【答案与解析】B。分析整个句子，它的主干是：The fruit sells very well. “stand”不是动词而是名词表示“摊位”，所以第一空应该用非谓语动词即用现在分词作定语，look做连系动词用，不可以用被动语态=which looks，所以用现在分词做定语。选B。句意：他的摊位上的水果看起来很新鲜，非常畅销。考点2 非谓语动词在句中作具体成分的区别1.作主语、宾语(是用不定式还是用动名词，还要注意用其相应的变化形式)Did you turn off the lights before you left the computer room?Oh
4、, I forget _ them off. Ill go to do it.A. having been turned B. to turnC. to have turned D. turning【答案与解析】B。forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”。根据答语可知，没有做关灯这个动作，故加不定式，排除B、D；A项是完成式的被动式，这儿“turn”还没有发生，更不是被动。故选B。注意forget turning=forget to have turned。句意：“你离开电脑室前关灯了吗？”“噢，我忘记关了。我现在就去关。”Its
5、 quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim?A. to go B. going C go D. having gone 【答案与解析】B。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。动词短语feel like后面只能接动名词做宾语。句意：今天很热，你想要去游泳吗？D项表示的是已经完成的动作。故B正确。_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A. Under
6、standing B. To be understoodC. Being understood D. Having understood【答案与解析】A。本句中 “understanding your own needs and styles of communication” 为动名词短语在句中做主语。句意：理解你自身的需要和交流的风格，跟学会表达你的所爱和情绪一样重要。本句不存在被动关系，排除BC项。D项是现在分词的完成式，表示的是已经完成的动作，与句义不相符。故A正确。2.作表语(是用现在分词还是用过去分词)We are so _ to see the same thing every
7、day. Cant you show us something _?A. boring; interestingB. bored; interestedC. boring; interestedD. bored; interesting【答案与解析】D。句意：每天都看相同的东西我们都厌烦了。能不能给我们看点有趣的？bored指人的心理感受“感到厌烦的”，boring指事物所具有的特点“令人厌烦的”；interested指人的心理感受“感到有趣的”，interesting指事物所具有的特点“有趣的”。答案为D。Climbing the mountain was so _ that I was c
8、ompletely _ out.A. tiring, tiring B. tired, tired C. tiring, tired D. tired, tiring【答案与解析】C。tired指人的心理感受“感到累的”，tiring指事物所具有的特点“令人累的”。句意：爬上是如此累人以至于我完全累得趴下了。3.作宾语(主语)补足语(是用什么形式的不定式、什么形式的现在分词还是用过去分词)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it _ live is quite another.A. perform B. performi
9、ng C. to perform D. being performed【答案与解析】D。句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，在现场听却又是另一回事。hear +宾语+ doing 表听到正在做某事。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort.A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop【答案与解析】C。过去分词developed作感官动词see的宾语“many new products”的
10、补足语，因为develop与宾语products间为被动关系，故使用过去分词。句意：经理很满意地看到，在付出巨大努力之后看到很多新产品被研发出来。A项表示的是主动关系，B项不定式表示为了将要发生的事情。故C正确。The girl was dressed in her best clothes. She wanted to make herself _ at the party.A. noticing B. noticed C. notice D. to be noticed【答案与解析】B。此处是“make +宾语+宾补”形式，宾语herself和动词notice之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词
11、表示被动，答案选B。句意：那个女孩盛装打扮。希望自己能成为晚会上的焦点(引起别人注意)。The girl was listened _ in the next room when I came back last night.A. to singing B. to sing C. singing D. sang【答案与解析】A。主动语态的结构是：listened to the girl singing in the next room变成被动语态即为：The girl was listened to singing in the next room (被听到在隔壁房间里唱歌)。4.作后置定语(
12、是用什么形式的不定式、什么形式的现在分词还是用过去分词)(2016高考英语江苏卷)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _ within the work.A. to hideB. hiddenC. hidingD. being hidden【答案与解析】B。hidden=which is hidden句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品里隐藏着一个不为人知的信息。(2016高考英语浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution , Id like
13、 you to look at a study _ in Australia in 2012. A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted【答案与解析】D。句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你看一下2012年澳大利亚已经进行的研究。使用非谓语动词作定语，study和conduct是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语=which was conducted。B项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将要发生的事情。故选D。Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including
14、 your own.A. changeB. changingC. changedD. to change【答案与解析】D。词题干中已经有谓语动词gives，故A选项change动词谓语形式不能入选，只能选非谓语形式，而用来修饰chance的后置定语，doing表示正在，done表示被动，to do表示未发生，根据句意，可以轻松选出D选项。句意：做志愿者工作可以给你机会去改变生活，也包括你自己的生活。The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _ society for real-life experience. A. ex
15、ploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored【答案与解析】B。have an opportunity to do sth.意为“有机会做某事”。句意：学生们一直盼望着有机会去探索社会，以期获得真正生活的经验。Im afraid this is the best way _ we can think of _ you.A. that; helping B. that; to help C. which; helping D. which; to help【答案与解析】B。第一空考查短语从句，先行词为way，关系词用that；we can think of作定
16、语，way to do做某事的方法。故选B。句意：恐怕这是我们能够想到的帮助你的最佳方法。What is the best way you can imagine _ the overuse of water in our school? A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce【答案与解析】B。句意：你能想象出的最好的、解决我校过度用水的办法是什么？you can imagine是定语从句，way to do做某事的方法。故选B。5.作状语(是用什么形式的不定式、什么形式的现在分词还是用过去分词)(2016高考英语北京卷) _ it easi
17、er to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make【答案与解析】D。to make=in ore to make，动词不定式做目的状语。句意：为了更方便联系到我们，你最好随身携带着这张名片。Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it didnt fitA. to find B. found C. finding D. having found
18、【答案与解析】A。不定式和only连用，表示意料之外的结果。现在分词doing常常表示顺理成章的结果。句意：她着急地把裙子从包装里拿了出来，结果却发现裙子不合适。“但是裙子不合适”说明这是意料之外的结果，所以使用A项。(2016高考英语浙江卷)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _ with students.A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 【答案与解析】A。句意：我在海上航行就像现在我和学生一起工作一样快乐。使用非谓语动词作状语，I和work是主谓关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，说明现在的情
19、况。故选A。_ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel .A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent【答案与解析】A。动词spend与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词spending的形式，而本句中spend all our money是发生在谓语动词之前的，所以使用现在分词的完成式having spent。句意：几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。B项通常在句中做目的状语。CD项表示被动。故A正确。考点3 分词(短语)作状语的
20、附着规则Faced with a bill for $10,000, _.A. an extra job has been given to John B. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been taken D. John has taken an extra job【答案与解析】D。根据“分词作状语其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致”的原则，只有D项才对，因为主句的主语应该是欠钱的约翰。句意：面对1万美元的账单，约翰找了份额外的工作。_, the more expensive the camera, the bett
21、er its quality. A. General speaking B. Speaking generalC. Generally speaking D. Generally spoken【答案与解析】C。现在分词短语做独立成分，不遵守分词的附着规则。句意：一般来说，照相机越贵，质量就越好。_ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared【答案与解析】D。分词的逻辑主
22、语为“the biggest ocean”，它不能发出“compare”动作。从“compare A with B”的结构我们可以推断，它们之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。如选B或C项，则就是“垂悬分词”。句意：与整个地球的大小相比，最大的海洋似乎一点都不大了。考点4 非谓语动词的特殊结构1.不定式的复合结构和否定结构To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule _.A. to never break B. never to be brokenC. never to have brokenD. never to be break
23、ing 【答案与解析】B。动词不定式的否定式是在“to”前加“not”或“never”。“规则被打破”要用被动式。句意：早餐前去取水似乎对我来说是一个从未被打破的规律。Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _ what is bothering themA. to talk overB. talked overC. talk overD. having talked over【答案与解析】A。句意：有时候我充当同学们的倾诉对象，让他们通过倾诉释放心头的烦心事。for fellow students to to talk o
24、ver是不定式的复合结构，在句中作定语，修饰a listening ear。Its standard practice for a company like this one _ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs 【答案与解析】C。不定式的复合结构为：for sb to do sth；说明不定式动作的发出者。如：It is difficult for you to solve the problem.句意：对于像这样的一家公司雇佣保安是常规的做法。故C正确。2.动词不定式的省略结构
25、Whats the matter with Della?Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _.A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for【答案与解析】A。在不定式作简略回答时，常常将不定式“to”之后的内容省略。句意：“德拉怎么了？”“她的父母不让她参加晚会，但她仍然希望(去)。”Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?_, but I promised Nan
26、cy to go out with her.A. Id like to B. I like it C. I dont D. I will【答案与解析】A。简略答语中省略动词，只保留动词不定式符号。句意：“可以在上课前跟我一起去吃快餐吗？”“我想(跟你一起)去，不过我答应南希要跟她一起去的。”In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _.A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be【答案与解析】D。表示“过去
27、常常”用“used to do”。本题中“be”为连系动词，不是实义动词，不能省略。句意：在我看来，二十一世纪的生活比我们过去的生活要容易得多。3.非谓语动词的特别结构I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed【答案与解析】B。在“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型中，动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。句意：我喜欢夏天早起。因为可以呼吸到早上那么好的空气。He is said
28、 _ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.A. to have been badly treated B. treating badlyC. being badly treated D. to be treated badly【答案与解析】A。句意：据说昨天他在超市购物时服务员对他的态度不好。这里是固定句式it is said to do，根据语境这里说的是昨天的事情，是在事情发生后人们又说的，故用不定式的完成式，又因为主语he与treat之间是被动关系，故选A。He is thought _ foolishly. N
29、ow he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job .A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted【答案与解析】B。be thought to后跟不定式时，如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。句意：他被认为(人们认为他)表现很糟糕，现在丢了那份工作他只能责怪自己。根据句意可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。故B正确。Can you tell me something about the ne
30、w hospital that the mayor is eager to have _ next month? A. constructed B. constructing C. to construct D. been constructed 【答案与解析】A。句意：你能告诉我一些关于市长迫切希望下月开建的那个新医院的情况吗？have sb do sth让某人做某事；have sth done让某事被他人做，这里指的是，市长希望看到那个医院被(工人们)建起来，故选A。I prefer _ at home to _ outside.A staying, play B to stay, pla
31、y C staying, playing D to stay, playing【答案与解析】C。prefer A to B相对于A来说，更喜欢B，前后结构要求一致。句意：相对于在外边玩，我更喜欢呆在家里。动名词作宾语表示抽象动作，结合语境可知选C。prefer doing sth.to doing sth=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.。4.动名词的复合结构和否定结构_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. The president will attend B.
32、 The president to attendC. The president attended D. The presidents attending【答案与解析】D。此题为动名词的复合结构在句中作主语，句中“the presidents”为名词所有格充当动名“attending”的逻辑主语。句意：总统亲自出席这次会议给他们以极大的鼓舞。They are quiet, arent they?Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals.A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking【答案与解析】D
33、。词组“be accustomed to (习惯于)”，其中“to”是介词，后跟名词或动名词。动名词的否定式在其前加“not”。句意：“他们很安静，是吗？”“是的，他们已经习惯于吃饭时不讲话了。”The news of _ greatly made us surprised a lot as he was indeed very excellent. A. not his having elected B. not his being elected C. his not being elected D. his not having elected【答案与解析】C。如果将D选项改成“his
34、not having been elected”也对。注意：现在分词的否定式也是在其前加not。例如：Not having completed the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(由于没有完成该项目，他们不得不在那儿再呆上两个周的时间)。句意：他没有当选的消息使我们大为吃惊，因为他的确很优秀。5.独立主格结构与with复合结构John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished【答案与解析】A。“his work”与“finish”之间逻辑上存在被动关系，用过去分词表示被动且已经完成。故A正确。句意：约翰收到了一张宴会的请柬，由于工作做完了，他快乐地接受了。 版权所有高考资源网诚招驻站老师，联系QQ2355394696
