1、Unit1 Women of achievement词汇篇_要求学生掌握本单元的重点单词、重点短语、重要词汇辨析并能熟练应用。一、重点短语1.蔑视；看不起 look down upon2.查阅；参考；谈到；涉及 refer to3.离开；启程；出发 move off4.过着的生活 lead a life5.碰巧；凑巧 by chance6.继续；坚持 carry on7.（偶然）遇见；碰见 come across8.（想法、问题等）涌上心头 crowd in二、词义辨析1. battle/war/fight：battle侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行
2、的战斗或个人之间的争斗E.g. The two armies battled all night.war战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争E.g. Their courage brought the people through the war.fight最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗E.g. After a fierce fight, the enemy yielded to us.2. look forward to期望；期待；盼望（其中to为介词）短语扩展look through习惯于look onas把看作look up to尊敬look up抬头看；查阅；改善；好转l
3、ook back(on sth.)回忆；回顾look around环顾；四下查看look into调查look on 旁观look ahead超前看；展望未来look out 当心3. worthwhile/worth/worthy（1）从句法功能上看worth 通常只用作表语，不用于名词前作定语；worthy 和 worthwhile 可用作表语和定语。E.g. It isnt worth the trouble. 不值得费那个事。He is a worthy gentleman. 他是位值得尊敬的绅士。His behavior is worthy of great praise. 他的行为
4、值得高度赞扬。They achieved a very worthwhile result. 他们取得了很有价值的成果。We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets. 我们等了很久，但还算值得，因为我们把票买到了。（2）从所使用的修饰语来看worth 习惯上不用 very 修饰(要表示类似意思可用 well)，而 worthy 和 worthwhile 则可以用副词very修饰。E.g. That is very worthy of our attention. 那件事很值得我们注意。Nursing i
5、s a very worthwhile career. 护理工作是很值得干的职业。但习惯上不说：The work is very worth doing. (very 应改为 well) （3）从搭配习惯来看有关 be worth 的搭配习惯a)be worth后可直接跟名词、代词或动名词。E.g. The picture is worth $ 500. 这幅画值 500 美元。The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得干的事就得干好。注意：其后可接动名词
6、，不能接不定式，且接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义。b)在现代英语中，在be worth前使用形式主语it被认为是合习惯的。E.g. It isnt worth repairing the car. 这辆汽车不值得修了。Is it worth visiting the city? 这个城市值得去看吗? 但是，若不用形式主语it而直接用动名词作主语，则是错误的。E.g. Repairing the car is worth.（误）c)在be worth doing 结构中，除非句首用了形式主语it，否则句子主语总应是其动名词的逻辑宾语；若其中的动词不及物，应考虑加上适当的介词。E.g. N
7、othing he said was worth listening to. 他说的话没有一句值得听。Shes not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟她生气。有关 be worthy 的搭配习惯 a)be worthy 后不能直接跟名词、代词或动名词，若要接，应借助介词 of。E.g. Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他们的努力应得到你的支持。Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行为是值得赞扬的。b)与be worth后只接动名词不接不定式不同，be worthy后不接动名词，
8、而接不定式(若该不定式要表示被动意义，则应用被动形式)。E.g. He is worthy to receive such honor. 他应该得到这种荣誉。This suggestion is worthy to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。c)若要在be worthy后接动名词，与后接名词时的情形一样，应借助介词of，且该动名词若要表示被动意义，要用被动形式。E.g. He is worthy of filling =to fill the post. 这个职位他当之无愧。This suggestion is worthy of being considered =to
9、 be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。有关 be worthwhile 的搭配习惯a) be worthwhile 后接动名词或不定式均可。E.g. It is worthwhile buying the dictionary. 这本词典值得买。(其中的 worthwhile 也可换成 worth) It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。(其中的 worthwhile 不能换worth，因为其后接用了不定式)b)有时可将worthwhile分开写，此时也可在其中加上ones。E.g. Id think it
10、worthwhile to go. 我认为值得去。 Do you think its worthwhile quarrelling with me? 你认为与我吵值得吗? Would you like to do some gardening for me? Ill make it worth your while. 你愿意在我的花园里干些活吗? 我不会亏待你的。It is worth your while visiting to visit the museum. 这个博物馆值得你去看看。c)按传统语法，It is worth (ones) while to do sth. doing st
11、h. 结构必须用it作形式主语，其中的不定式或动名词做句子的真正主语。（4）一句多译在很多情况下，同一个意思可用几种不同的形式表达。如：那个地方值得一去。正：The place is worth a visit. 正：The place is worthy of a visit. 正：The place is worth visiting. 正：It is worth visiting the place. 正：The place is worthy of being visited. 正：The place is worthy to be visited. 正：It is worthwhil
12、e visiting the place. 正：It is worthwhile to visit the place.三、要点梳理1. achievement (cn.)成就；功绩 (un.)完成，实现a sense of achievement成就感a sense of direction方向感achieve ones goal达到目标achieve ones success获得成功2. campaign (n.)运动；战役 (vi.)作战；参加运动launch/start a campaign against发动一场反对的运动campaign for/ against参加争取/反对的运动
13、 campaign to do sth.为了做某事而进行运动3. behave(v.)举动；（举止或行为）表现 behave well/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/不好 behave oneself守规矩；表现得体behaviorU举止；行为；态度U,C（人、动物等的）表现方式，活动方式 well-behaved (adj.)表现好的 badly-behaved (adj.)表现差的4. move off向前移动（以腾出空间）move in迁入新居move on变换（工作、话题等）；前进move away搬走 remove去除；移开5. observe (vt.)观察；
14、观测；遵守observation(n.)observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做了某事observe sb. doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事observe +that从句发现observe (vt.)1)观察；观测：I felt he was observing everything I did.2)遵守、奉行：We should the rules and regulations. 3)庆祝；祝贺；欢度：Some students are going to observe Christmas Day with their foreign teachers.6.“only+状
15、语（从句）”位于句首，句子/主句要部分倒装only置于句首一般分为下列三种情况：1)“only+副词”位于句首时，句子要倒装：Only then did she realize her mistake.2)“only+介词短语”位于句首时，句子要倒装：E.g. Only by studying hard will you make progress I your study3)“only+状语（从句）”位于句首，主句要倒装，从句不倒装E.g. Only when I reached the top of mountain did I feel a great sense of achievem
16、ent.7. respect (n)敬意；细节；方面(v.)尊敬；尊重；遵守respect sb. for (doing) sth.have /show respect to关于；就而言 self-respect(n)自尊 respectable(adj.)值得尊敬的 respectful(adj.)表示敬意的；尊敬的respectfully(adv.)恭敬地respective(adj.)各自的，分别的8. argue讨论；争论；辩论argue with sb.(about/over/on sth.)（就某事）与某人争论 argue for/against sth.据理赞成/反对某事argu
17、e that主张；认为argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事9. crowd(n)人群；观众(vt.)挤满；使拥挤E.g. Thousands of people crowed the narrow streets.crowd into ones mind涌入某人的脑海crowd in(on sb.)（想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海crowd in/into(sth.)大批涌入（狭小的空间）be crowded with挤满；充满着10. support (n.)&(vt.)支持；拥护 suppo
18、rt oneself自主谋生 come to ones support支持某人 in support of为了支持为了拥护11. refer to 查阅；参考；谈到；涉及 refer toas称为 refer to/consult a dictionary=look up sth. in the dictionary（为）查字典 refer to sb./sth.描述；涉及 reference(n.)参考12. by chance碰巧；凑巧by chance /accident碰巧；凑巧by design/on purpose有益地；故意地13. come across（偶然）碰见；遇见；发现
19、come about发生come up 长出地面；（太阳）升起；发生；被提及；被讨论come up with提出；想出14. It seems/seemed that看来；好像 该句型可转换为：Sb. / Sth. seems/seemed+不定式。其他含seem的相关句型常用的还有：It seems +adj./n.看起来好像It seems as if/as though看起来好像There seems(to be)看起来像15. intend (vt.)计划；打算 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 be i
20、ntended to do为了做 be intended for专门为而设计的；专供使用的 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本打算做某事（但没有做）16. consideration(u.)体谅；体贴；关心；考虑 takeinto consideration考虑到；体谅 be under consideration在考虑中；在审议中in consideration of考虑到；鉴于consider(v.)仔细考虑considerate考虑周到的considerable(adj.)相当多（或大、重要等）的17. deliver(
21、vt.)生（小孩儿）；接生；递送；发表（演说等） deliverto把交给/传递给 deliver a baby助产；接生 be delivered of a baby分娩；生孩子deliver a speech发表演说18. carry on继续；坚持 carry out实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等） carry off获得（奖品、荣誉等）；赢得 carry on with/doing sth.继续做某事 carry away 带走；冲走例1.（2019河南六市联考）A(n)_of achievement clearly has an influence on childrens e
22、arly education.A. ideaB. senseC. needD. mind例 2.（2019天津蓟县模拟）Though plastic bags really brought convenience to us, they also _ many problems for the environment.A. led to B. referred to C. contributed to D. appealed to例3.（2019安徽）Terry, please _your cellphone when Grandma is talking to you.A. look up
23、from B. look into C. look back on D. look through 例4. （2019陕西西安一模）The door burst open and _, shouting with anger.A. rushed in a crowd B. in rushing a crowd C. in rushed a crowd D. in a crowd did rush例5.（2019福建）It is widely acknowledged that students should be _.A. supportedB. matchedC. evaluatedD. c
24、ontrolled基础演练1. By working hard, he has _(实现) his goal.2. He won a prize for good _(行为) a t school.3. He is the president of a large international _(组织).4. He is a much loved and highly _(尊敬)teacher.5. These measures are strongly _ (支持) by environmental groups.6. The man they _ to(提到的) just now is M
25、r. White.7. I have an _(争论) with her on this topic.8. Im honored to _ (做演讲) a speech here.9. I have been dreaming of becoming a doctor since my _(童年)10. The book is _(供使用) for children.巩固提高1.(2019湖北)Is this your necklace, Marry? I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A. went forB. look
26、ed afterC. dealt withD. came across2.(2019江西南昌月考) I dont think the chair can take your weight; its _children.A. traded with B. referred toC. connected to D. intended for 3. For the big house, the price is fairly cheap, but youve got to take into _ the money youll spend on home improvement.A. conside
27、ration B. thoughtfulness C. responsibility D. measures 4.(2019天津)The recent financial crisis_ into consideration, the Japanese boss _ back on the number of workers working for him.A. taking; cuts B. was taken; cut C. taken; cut D.to take; cutting5.(2019湖南十三校联考)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents
28、, but now we _fine.A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along1. -How soon will the candidates get their university admissions?-It may take three weeks for all the applications to be _.A. withdrawn B. delivered C. edited D. processed2.-Chinese former Premier Wen Jiabao_an important speech in the
29、 climate change conference in Copenhagen A. statedB. issuedC. deliveredD. addressed3. The meal was over, and the managers went back to the meeting room to_ their discussion. A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on4. He was in the very act of starting the engine when the power source was_.A
30、. carried onB. cut off C. picked outD. come across5. I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just _.A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance 6. The host picked several people from the audience _ and invited them to the stage to have a dialogue.A. at randomB. by c
31、hanceC. in turnD. on occasion7. The sun rose, as it always _, in a clear sky. A. isB. doesC. likesD. seems8. Being the First Lady and a mother of two, Mrs. Obama has launched her_ against childhood obesity in the US, hoping to encourage people to live healthier lives.A. campaignB. warC. fightD. batt
32、le9. Proud of his African _, he often writes in his poetry about the beautiful shores of Africa, the land of his ancestors.A. achievements B. discoveries C. accents D. roots 10. My parents often inspire me,“_ till you make it.A. FightB. Fighting C. To tight D. Fought11. The Red-cross Societies_$1,00
33、0,000 for the refugees who lost their houses in the tsunami.A. supported B. kept C. roseD. raised12. Having a large family to _, he took up two part-time jobs in his spare time.A. measureB. deliverC. respectD. support13. -My son is learning English. What dictionary shall I buy for him? -What about t
34、his one? It is _ for beginners.A. intended B. operated C. offered D. delivered14. The word “unbelievable” based on Chinese, which has become a big hit online very quickly, _a message that Chinese can also serve as an addition to English vocabulary.A. deliversB. simplifiesC. declaresD. clarifies15. _
35、seems to be a strong competition for students to enter a key university.A. ItB. ThereC. WhatD. That_一、单项选择1. _ good, this kind of fruit sells very well in our city.A. Taste B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. Having been tasted2. The _ look on his face suggested that he _ that he would fail in the Math te
36、st.A. surprising; wouldnt expect B. surprising; hadnt expected C. surprised; hadnt expected D. surprised; shouldnt expect3. I think he must have seen me at the meeting last night, _?A. didnt he B. dont I C. do I D. mustnt he4. The Changjiang River has been polluted badly and is not good _.A. to swim
37、 it B. to be swum in C. to swim in it D.to swim in5. Thomas _ in inventing many electrical machinesA. was successful B. succeed C. was success D. successes6. I would love _ to the party that evening, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone7. It is well known
38、to all that water, _ enough, can change into ice quickly.A. if cooling B. though to be cooledC. when cooled D. when is cooled8. Mr.Wang _ the person referred to at the meeting be put in prison.A. said B. wished C. agreed D. suggested9. Is this school _you studied in three years ago?A. where B. that
39、C. the one D. which10. _ hardly made Mike pay any attention to _ his mistakes.A. Scolding; correcting B. Being scolded; correct C. Being scolded; correcting D. Having been scolded; correct11. Hardly _ on the bus _ the bus drove off.A. did he get; than B. had he got; when C. did he get; when D. had h
40、e got; than12. -Which sport is the most popular in the US?-Its hard to say. It largely _ what you mean by “popular”?A. belongs to B. comes aboutC. depends on D. determines on13. I _ when it began to rain.A. was about to going out B. was in the point of going outC. was on the point of going out D. bo
41、th A and C14.You never imagine what trouble I have had _ your house. It took me nearly 2 hours.A. to findB. finding C. found D. for finding15._ in her novel that she didnt hear what I was saying.A. So absorbed had Nancy B. So absorbed Nancy wasC. So absorbed was Nancy D. So absorbed Nancy had二、完型选择I
42、n 1990 a report was published about1 the earth might be like 20 years from then on. The report was a result of a three-year study. According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2019 is not a 2 one. The world will be more 3 because the population will continue to grow. The population
43、could be4 6,300 million, almost 2,500 million more than in 1985.More people would move into cities,5 cities in developing countries. Such cities as Cairo and Jakarta probably would6have 15 million by then. Food production will7, but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food
44、than they did in 1985, 8most of the increase would be in countries that9produce enough food for their people.10increase is expected in South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Poor farming ways are11large areas of crop land, changing farms into deserts. More farmland is12as cities become larger and m
45、ore houses are built.13will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oilMany of the worlds forests could disappear as more and more trees 14.Energy will continue to be a serious problem. The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 201915.They only pictured the situation that1
46、6today. By changing the situation, by17 the problems, the picture can be changed. There is18time for nations of the world to 19a plan of action. But they warned that 20too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chances of success.1. A. that B. whether C. how D. what2. A. pleased B. pleasant
47、 C. safe D. clean3. A. dangerous B. brilliant C. crowded D. awful4. A. no more than B. as many as C. as much as D. as large as5. A. especially B. specially C. deliberately D. apparently6. A. none B. each C. all D. neither7. A. insist B. reduce C. increase D. continue8. A.so B. but C. or D. however9.
48、 A. already B. hardly C. partly D. never10. A. Much B. More C. Heavy D. Little11. A. destroying B. protecting C. disturbing D. interrupting12. A. saved B. lost C. discovered D. used13.A.Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Some diseases D. All farmland14. A.is cut across B.is cut up C. are cut down D
49、. are cut off15. A. must be true B. will come true C. cant be true D. may be wrong16. A. happens B. develops C. exists D. appears17. A. settling B. working out C. answering D. dealing18. A. much B. still C. less D. fewer19. A. work about B. work at C. work out D. work for20.A. workingB. suggestingC. spendingD. waiting
