1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 1People of AchievementReading and Thinking 词汇知识自主学习. 根据语境写出正确的单词1. a crucial new treatment for malaria一种重要的疟疾新疗法2. a vital part of the treatment 治疗的关键部分3. a committed and patient scientist一个尽心尽力且耐心的科学家4. commit myself
2、 to study hard我保证努力学习5. the prime objective主要目的6. academic career学历; 学业7. boil for 20 minutes 煮沸20分钟8. traditional botanical treatments传统的植物疗法9. evaluate the result of the experiment评估实验结果10. protect my property保护我的财产11. have some distinct advantages 有一些明显的优势12. take in plenty of liquid摄入大量液体13. obt
3、ain approval 获得批准14. acknowledge defeat承认失败15. analyse the medical texts分析医学文本16. apparently lost in thought显然陷入了沉思17. a chemical substance一种化学物质18. insist on testing the medicine坚持测试药物19. Chinas scientific research中国的科学研究20. mostly consist of sand 主要由沙子组成. 根据语境用恰当的介词、副词填空1. The 2019 Nobel Prize for
4、 Physics was won by three scientists for their work on understanding our universe. (on/for)2. An apple four hundred years ago led to the law of gravity while the apple designed by Steve Jobs has changed our life greatly. (to/in)3. Two years ago, one of my close relatives died from stomach cancer. (f
5、rom/on)4. You should not mention it in the beginning, or it will give away the surprising ending. (of/in)5. I met a friend of mine in the street by chance yesterday. (of/by)6. Its important to draw out a childs potential capacities. (out/up) 7. She insisted on seeing us off at the airport. (of/on)8.
6、 Upon hearing the news of his winning, I offered my congratulations to him on the phone. (With/Upon). 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子1. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria(旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法), and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers
7、chosen. 2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common(在那里疟疾更常见), to study malaria patients. 3. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using (建议使用)the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. 4. Using a lower temperature to draw out (用较低的温度提取)the extrac
8、t, she found a substance that worked. 5. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered(大部分受试患者都康复了). 根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词1. -ic常用作形容词后缀, 表示“的”academy n. academic adj. 学业的, 学术的history n. historic adj. 历史的economy n. economic adj. 经济的scene n. scenic adj. 风景优美的strategy n. strateg
9、ic adj. 战略的2. 名词之后加-cal可转化为形容词botany n. botanical adj. 植物学的biology n. biological adj. 生物学的magic n. magical adj. 魔术的logic n. logical adj. 逻辑的music n. musical adj. 音乐的阅读精析合作学习Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks 2. What is the text type of the passage? A. Biography. B. Novel. C
10、. Poetry. D. News report. 答案: D3. Whats the main idea of this passage? The passage is mainly about the report of Tu Youyous winning the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine and how she together with her team discovered artemisinin. 【寻技巧提能力】描述性词汇主要是指形容人或物的名词、形容词或副词。本文中的描述性词汇主要有discovery, cruci
11、al, vital, committed, apparently, standard, team effort, honour等。 Task 2文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)Why was Tu Youyou awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine? A. Because she was a committed and patient scientist. B. Because she saved 100, 000 lives in Africa. C. Because
12、 she discovered a new treatment for malaria. D. Because she graduated from Peking University. (2)How old was Tu Youyou when she won the Nobel Prize? A. 80. B. 81. C. 82. D. 84. (3)Who helped Tu Youyou discover the life-saving medicineartemisinin? A. Her team members. B. The government. C. Her malari
13、a patients. D. Other scientists. (4)What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Tu owes the honour only to her team. B. Tu thinks the honour only belongs to herself. C. China shouldnt develop western medicine. D. China should develop traditional Chinese medicine. 答案: (1)(4)CDAD2. Reread the pas
14、sage and fill in the blanks. Tu YouyouTimeEvents1930 Born in (1)Ningbo1955(2)Graduated from Peking University Medical School After graduation(3)Worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine1967Was chosen to (4)establish a team to discover a new treatment for malaria1969Became the (5)he
15、ad of the project in Beijing(6)1971Found the medicine called artemisinin(7)2015Was awarded Nobel Prize for (8)Physiology or Medicine3. Long sentence analysis. (1)This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (主语) has been awarded to(谓语)Tu Youyou (co-winner)(宾语), whose research led to the discove
16、ry of artemisinin (定语从句), a crucial new treatment for malaria(同位语). 译文: 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者), 她的研究引起了青蒿素的发现, 这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新方法。(2)From their research(方式状语), they (主语) discovered and tested (谓语) 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments(宾语) that showed promise in the fight against malaria
17、 (定语从句). 译文: 通过研究, 他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。(3)She analysed the medical texts again(并列分句一), and by chance, she found one sentence(并列分句二) suggesting a different way(定语一, 修饰sentence) to treat the wormwood. (定语二, 修饰way)译文: 她再次分析了医药文献, 偶然间, 她发现了一句话, 建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. What did Tu You
18、you do when their project got stuck? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)She didnt acknowledge defeat and continued her research until they succeeded in 1971. 2. How did Tu Youyou find the substance that worked? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)She used a lower temperature to draw out the extract. 3. Why is artemisinin
19、an important discovery? (Logical Thinking逻辑性思维)Because it is an effective treatment for malaria and has saved millions of peoples lives. 要点精研探究学习1. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)* He would not commit himself in any way. 他无论如何都不愿做出承诺。*He committed himself to the project, and his ef
20、forts paid off. 他全心投入这项工程, 他的努力有了回报。*Commit to your plan and follow it through. 忠于你的计划并将其进行到底。*The company is committed to expanding the product development of the market. 公司现致力于将产品市场发展扩大。*He made a commitment to his parents: living with them after retirement. 他对父母做出了一个承诺: 退休后同他们一起生活。【词块积累】(1)commit
21、 oneself (to do sth. ) 承诺(做某事)commit oneself to sth. 全身心投入/致力于某事commit to sth. /sb. 忠于某事/某人(2)committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的, 坚信的be committed to sth. /doing sth. 专心于(做)某事(3)commitment n. 委托, 承诺make a commitment to sb. 向某人承诺【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Should you accept my application, I would spare no effort to commit
22、myself (I) to your satisfaction. You should be committed to taking (take) care of your grandmother. (2)They are earnest learners and committed to work. 他们是认真的学习者, 并且忠于职守。2. evaluate vt. 评价; 评估*The teacher evaluated the performance of each student. 教师对每个学生的表现做出了评价。*First of all, they think this kind
23、of evaluation will encourage teachers to improve their teaching skills. 首先, 他们认为这种评价会鼓励教师改进他们的教学手段。*In this paper we suggested a number of evaluative measures to evaluate the effectiveness of search engines. 在本文中, 我们提出了一些评价措施来评价搜索引擎的有效性。【词块积累】evaluate the performance 评价表现evaluation n. 评价evaluativead
24、j. 评价的【即学活用】语法填空。(1)After tracking and evaluating (evaluate) students exam results, the teacher committed an evaluation report. (2)It is well-known that she has done quantities of charity devotion, and its hard to evaluate (evaluate) her just as a singer. (3)The key approaches to be used in test and
25、 evaluation (evaluate) have been proven right. 3. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得, 赢得vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行*Only with firm determination will we obtain such change. 只有带着坚定信念我们才能取得这样的改变。*The following information was obtained from a companys financial statements. 以下信息来自一家公司的财务报表。【词块积累】be obtained from从中得到【易混辨析】acqu
26、ire v. 多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等, 也可表示对财物等的获得, 该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。attain v. 指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果; 也可指达到某一目标。obtain v. 获得, 买到, 用于正式语体中。gain v. 指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处; 亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。earn v. 挣得, 赢得, 指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。achieve v. 得到, 获得, 多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。【补偿训练】用上述同义词的适当形式填空(1)It is through learning that the individual acquir
27、es many habitual ways of reacting to situations. (2)The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month. (3)I have obtained that book until now. (4)An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value. (5)How much do you earn a week? (6)The movie star achieved success and wealth. 【即学活用】(1)语法填空。H
28、e obtained (obtain)the property with a bank loan. The scientist obtained a substance from the experiment. (2)He always managed to obtain what he wanted (得到他想要的东西). 4. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢*We acknowledge him as a genius. 我们承认他是个天才。*You have to acknowledge that its your own fault. 你必须承认这
29、是你自己的过错。*We are sending you some money in acknowledgement of your valuable help. 我们寄些钱给您以感谢您的宝贵帮助。【词块积累】(1)be acknowledged as. . . 被认为是It is universally/generally acknowledged that. . . 普遍认为(2)acknowledgementn. 承认, 感谢【即学活用】语法填空。(1)(2019全国卷)Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged (ackno
30、wledge) after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year. (2)I started to acknowledge failure as exactly what it is: an unavoidable part of everyones lifenothing more and nothing less. (3)The flowers were a small acknowledgement(acknowledge) of your kindness. (4)Many people acknow
31、ledged (acknowledge) that he was hard-working and fortunate as well. 5. defeat n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜*Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 屠呦呦不会轻易认输的。*He declared that we were to defeat those who attempted to tear the world down in time. 他宣布: 我们迟早会打败那些企图撕裂世界的人。*This is why most senior high school st
32、udents suffer defeat every day. 这就是如今大多数高中生每天遭受失败的原因。*These setbacks should not be acknowledged as defeat, however. 但是, 这些挫折不能被看作失败。【词块积累】take defeat接受失败suffer defeat遭受失败【即学活用】语法填空。(1)Nian was defeated (defeat), and from then on, the color red has been considered to bring good luck and good fortune
33、to all. (2)Most of you really believe that the way you get what you do want is to defeat (defeat) what you do not want. (3)Hitler refused to acknowledge the fact that he himself was defeated (defeat) by the people in the end. 6. analyse vt. 分析*(2019北京高考)Is the main purpose of the passage to analyse
34、the composition of the ocean food chain? 这篇文章的主要目的是分析海洋食物链的组成吗? *On the one hand, everyone possibly makes mistakes, on the other hand, not all analytical mistakes are equal. 一方面, 每个人都有可能犯错误; 另一方面, 分析方面的错误并不是都一样。*I know a good world is possible if we leave emotion aside and just work analytically . 我
35、知道一个美好的世界是可能的, 如果我们将情绪放在一边, 只是理性地进行分析。*Could you tell me some more about your market analysis that has just been fulfilled recently? 请你多告诉我一些你们近来刚刚完成的市场分析好吗? 【词块积累】analysis n. 分析; 分解; 验定(复数为: analyses)analyticaladj. 分析的; 解析的; 善于分析的analytically adv. 分析地; 解析地【即学活用】(1)语法填空。The fact is, most students sh
36、ould have chance are not taught how to think analytically (analyse) and critically. We should make a concrete analysis (analyse) of each specific question. The main thing for us is we do need to analyse (analyse) our position and ask ourselves: How can we improve? Those who have worked with him say
37、he is calm, analytical (analyse) and open-minded. (2)More recently it has been joined by newest techniques that go beyond what you say, and analyse how you say it. 最近人们在里面加入了最新技术, 不但能知道你说了什么, 还能分析你是怎么说的。7. insist vi. & vt. 坚持; 坚决要求*(2020全国卷) But she insists on us eating healthy food. 但她坚持要我们吃健康的食物。*
38、Though all his friends blamed him, he insisted that he had done nothing wrong. 尽管他所有的朋友都责备他, 但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。*My mother insisted that I (should) clean my room first. 妈妈强烈要求我先把我的房间打扫干净。【词块积累】insist on/upon (doing) sth. 坚持(做)某事insist that. . . (1)坚持说/认为(从句内容表示一个事实, 从句谓语按实际需要选择时态)(2)强烈要求/坚持(从句用虚拟语气, 即谓语动
39、词用should+动词原形, should可以省略)【巧学助记】Insisting that Tom had stolen his car, Mr Smith insisted that he (should)be put into prison. 由于坚持认为汤姆偷了他的小汽车, 史密斯先生强烈要求把他关进监狱。【知识延伸】insist on的同义表达还有: stick to, persist in【即学活用】(1)语法填空。John insisted on paying (pay) for lunch today. (2)He insisted that he was right, so
40、he insisted that his plan be carried out at once. 他坚持认为他是对的, 因此他坚持立即实施他的计划。8. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. ”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 屠呦呦说: “荣誉不仅仅属于我自己。”【句式解构】在本句中, “介词upon+动词-ing形式”构成介词短语, 用作时间状语。upon还可转换为介词on, 表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。这种用法常见于正式的文体, 依据语
41、境, 可译作“在的时候; 当时; 一就”。*Upon realizing the importance of environmental protection, our government takes effective measures to manage it. 一意识到环境保护的重要性, 我们的政府就采取了有效的治理措施。*Upon their return to the country, the girls of the volleyball team received praise and flowers. 女排姑娘们一回国, 就收到了赞誉和鲜花。*Upon finishing i
42、t, Cao Xueqin was struck by the feeling that A Dream of Red Mansions was the best work he had ever written. 完成这部作品时, 曹雪芹就感到红楼梦是他写过的最好的著作了。“一就”的句型小结(1)As soon as/Once/When+时间状语从句, +主句(2)The moment/instant/second/minute+时间状语从句, +主句(3)Instantly/Immediately/Directly+时间状语从句, +主句(4)On/Upon+动名词/名词, +主句(5)N
43、o sooner had+主语+过去分词. . . +than+主语+动词的过去式: *No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家, 就被要求出另一次差。(6)Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语+过去分词. . . +when+动词的过去式: *Hardly had she gone out when it began to snow. 她刚出门, 天就开始下雪了。(7)At the sight/thought/mention of+名词, +主句:
44、*At the sight of him, I remember my brother who is working in Shanghai. 看到他我就想起了我那在上海工作的弟弟。【即学活用】语法填空。(1)I will go there directly (direct) I have finished my breakfast. (2)The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. (3)As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. (4)Each time he came to H
45、arbin, he could call on me. (5)Whenever (when) that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he is about to tell lies. (6)Upon arriving/arrival (arrive) at the office, our English teacher began to get down to his work. 【要点拾遗】1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的*Her singing style is quite distinct fro
46、m mine. 她的演唱风格与我的截然不同。*California has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA. 加州有着美国最具多元文化的州的荣誉。【词块积累】distinct from与不同distinctly明显地; 无疑地, 确实地distinction区别, 差别; 特性; 荣誉, 勋章【即学活用】(1)语法填空。He is fair to us without distinction (distinct). The students achievements are heightened
47、distinctly(distinct). (2)If something is distinct from something else of the same type, it is different or separate from it. 如果某物不同于同类型的另一物, 则表示不同或分开。2. conclusion n. 结论; 推论*Over the years Ive come to the conclusion that shes a very great musician. 这些年来, 我得出的结论是她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。*He concluded his class w
48、ith a funny story. 他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。*To conclude, I wish you a Happy New Year. 总之, 祝你们新年快乐。【词块积累】(1)conclude v. 推断出, 得出结论; (使)结束, 终止conclude. . . with. . . 以结束conclude from. . . that. . . 从中得出结论to conclude最后, 总之(2)in conclusion最后, 总之come to the conclusion得出结论【即学活用】语法填空。(1)It is an apparently ideal wa
49、y to conclude (conclude) a season of summer reading. (2)I wonder who make this decision and how they come to their conclusion (conclude). (3)(2019北京高考)They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent. (4)We will conclude our concert wit
50、h the National Anthem. (5)To conclude, what he said makes sense. (6) I conclude from your statements that youre not in favor. 3. apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然*(2020全国卷)The kids apparently know the truth. 孩子们显然知道真相。*It was apparent from her face that she was really upset. 从面容上就可以看出她确实心烦意乱。【词块积累】It is/
51、was apparent that. . . 很显然【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Apple has apparently (apparent) registered for trademarks for each of those names. It was apparent (apparent) to everyone that he was angry. (2)To understand this tale, we have to start with an apparent mystery. 要了解这个故事, 我们必须从一个显而易见的谜团开始。(3)I think that is tru
52、e, though it wasnt apparent to me then. 我认为那是真的, 尽管当时我并不清楚。4. crucial adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的*(2019江苏高考)We can learn from the passage that making right career choices is crucial to personal success. 我们能从这篇文章中学到, 做出正确的职业选择对个人成功至关重要。*Our Party have found two issues of crucial importance: development and ecol
53、ogy. 我们党已经发现了两个至关重要的问题: 发展和生态。*This type of questioning puts responsibilities on the clients to explain what they want, which is crucial. 这样的提问可以把责任放到客户身上, 让他们解释自己需要什么, 这很重要。*Getting this contract is crucial to the future of our company. 签订此项合同我们公司的前途至关重要。【词块积累】crucial to/for sth. 至关重要的; 决定性的crucial
54、ly关键地; 至关重要地【即学活用】(1)语法填空。And, crucially (crucial), are there any praising techniques that can be shown to be effective? It is beyond doubt that Africa is absolutely crucial (crucially) for Chinas energy strategy. (2)Broadly speaking, there are three crucial factors (三个关键因素)to consider. (3)The next
55、10 weeks is a crucial period (重要时期) in your babys development when all of his organs will form. 5. objective n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的*(2019天津高考)The authors view on factual reading is that it would provide true and objective information. 作者对事实性阅读的观点是它将提供真实和客观的信息。*Well try to look at the issue objectively,
56、from the standpoint of the IT professional. 我们试图从 IT 专业人员的角度客观地看待这个问题。*If she does not object to it, why should we? 如果她不反对, 我们为什么要反对? *We have/take an objection to teaming up with them. 我们反对/不赞成和他们合作。【词块积累】(1)object to sb. /sb. s doing sth. 反对某人做某事(2)have/take an objection to doing sth. 反对做某事raise a
57、n objection to doing sth. 对做某事提出异议【近义拓展】intention/purpose/sake/target/goal【即学活用】(1)用objective的适当形式填空。Those who object to this advice typically see no reason to define or account for system behavior. Only in this way can these strategic objectives of active defense be realized. (2)Hey, dear, do you k
58、now the next exam objective (考试目标)of mine? 666! What is yours? 6. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. 用较低的温度提取提取物, 她发现了一种有效的物质。【句式解构】句中“Using a lower temperature to. . . extract”是v. -ing分词短语作状语。v. -ing分词作状语可以表示原因、时间、条件、方式、伴随等。*Hearing the news, they
59、all jumped with joy. 听到这个消息时, 他们都高兴得跳了起来。*Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a dense wood. 沿着通向郊外的小道前进, 你将会走到一片密林处。*Mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide. 田鼠从田野里跑出来寻找藏身之处。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Standing (stand) at the foot of a high mountain, a person will find himse
60、lf very small. But later, people developed a way of printing, using (use) rocks. (2)Most of us, being so excited, couldnt go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动, 那晚我们许多人都没睡着。7. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Y
61、ouyou was among the first researchers chosen. 1967年, 中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍, 屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。【句式解构】该句是一个由and连接而成的并列复合句。介词短语with the objective. . . 作第一个分句的状语, 表示目的。短语中的objective也可用aim/purpose/goal等替换。第二个分句中chosen是过去分词用作定语, 修饰the first researchers。*Tu Youyou tried a second time with the aim of f
62、inding out the proper material to cure malaria. 屠呦呦又试了一次, 希望能找到治愈疟疾的合适物质。*Chairman Mao came here with the purpose of inspecting an important task carried out. 毛主席来这里是为了检查一项重要任务的执行情况。*When crossing the river, the Red Army take care not to touch the trees newly planted by the river. 渡河的时候, 红军战士小心翼翼, 以
63、防碰到了河边新种的树木。*With great care, the 3-year-old boy put away the books newly distributed at school yesterday. 这个三岁大的男孩小心翼翼地收起来昨天在学校新发的书。with引导的介词短语作状语, 在英语句子中是一个很常见的现象。至于其所作状语的类型, 我们需要根据句子上下文意思和其具体的语法功能来判断。有时, 复杂的with介词短语可以转换为独立主格结构: With homework finished, he went out to play basketball. 转换为独立主格结构: Ho
64、mework finished, he went out to play basketball. 【即学活用】语法填空。(1)With a long way to go (go), we should not take it too slightly. (2)With a hope of entering (enter) Peking University, the boy works hard day and night. (3)We are eager to see the 5G era coming, when we can see many products newly invente
65、d (invention) come into use. (4)My close friend Li Hua is planning to apply for the 2022 Olympic volunteer position issued (issue) on the newspaper last week. 拓视野观天下1. Over the years, Wang has been committed to people-to-people exchanges between China and Japan. 多年来, 王一直致力于中日人文交流。2. The aim of this
66、report is to evaluate public eye health, predict potential diseases and give guidance on better health management. 这个报告的目的是评估公众眼部健康, 预测潜在疾病, 并为更好的健康管理提供指导。3. Surrounded by the mountains and the sea, Yantai is blessed with a picturesque landscape and four distinct seasons. 被山和海包围着, 烟台得天独厚的风景如画, 四季分明。
67、4. “When talking about this, big Chinese companies with good technology like Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent and Xiaomi will jump into your mind, we have to acknowledge it, ” he said. “当谈到此事时, 你会想到华为、阿里巴巴、腾讯和小米等拥有优良技术的中国大公司, 我们必须承认这一点, ”他说。5. Zhong Nanshan concluded that the novel coronavirus could be transmitted between humans, stressed strict prevention and control efforts, and led the work in drafting COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plans. 钟南山总结说新型冠状病毒可以在人们之间传播, 强调严格防控并牵头拟定新冠肺炎诊疗方案。关闭Word文档返回原板块- 26 - 版权所有高考资源网
