1、课时作业.阅读理解A(2020黄冈市高三质量检测)William Lindesay has been interested in the Great Wall of China since seeing it in a school atlas (地图册) as a child in England. “I vividly recall seeing in the “Oxford School Atlas” the Great Wall with its battlement symbol. From that moment, I had in my mind that when I grew
2、 up Id go to China and walk along the Great Wall from end to end.” Lindesays about 3,000 km solo run along the Great Wall began in 1987. Running the length of the wall was a brave expedition, venturing into sparsely populated regions where there was little chance of help if the runner had an acciden
3、t. During another trip, Lindesay and his team ventured deep into the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The explorers almost died from dehydration (脱水). In total, Lindesay estimates in an interview that he has spent about 1,600 days of his life, or four full years, on the Great Wall in all seasons. Lindesay a
4、nd his wife, Wu Qi, whom he got to know and fell in love with during his trips in China, had a farmhouse at the foot of the wall. During his exploration, he noticed some sections of the wall were badly damaged and covered with litter. Modernization and development were making the situation even wors
5、e. “Some people say it will take generations to change; I say we dont have generations of time. Its got to be much quicker，” he said. Lindesay always carries a garbage bag with him in the wilderness, picking litter along the way. Lindesay uses a garbage bag as his calling card. The cloth bag bears a
6、 set of nine simple guidelines in Chinese, which calls on people to observe while traveling or camping outdoors: “Take your own garbage home” “Pick up litter left by others” “Dont damage plants or flowers, or pick fruit” and lots more.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位外国友人Lindesay从小就爱上了长城，长大后游历长城，结识爱妻，并做长城的清道夫的故
7、事。1What sparked William Lindesays dream of exploring the Great Wall?ASeeing a movie about the Great Wall.BExperiencing a war for the Great Wall.CSurfing a website about the Great Wall.DAdmiring the Great Wall in the school atlas.答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“William Lindesay has been interested in the Great Wa
8、ll of China since seeing it in a school atlas (地图册) as a child in England.”可知William Lindesay自从孩提时在学校的地图册上看到长城就爱上了长城。2What does the underlined word “sparsely” mean?ARemotely. BRarely.CFrequently. DLargely.答案：B词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“populated regions where there was little chance of help if the runner had an
9、accident”可推知，人口稀少的地方提供帮助的机会也少，故选B。3What worsened the situation of the Great Wall?AThe destroyed ecosystems.BWaste caused by farms.CThe increasing tourists.DModernization and development.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Modernization and development were making the situation even worse.”可知现代化和开发使长城的处境更加恶化。4What so
10、rt of man is William Lindesay?AStrongwilled and selfless.BDetermined and grateful.CWarmhearted and impolite.DConsiderate and optimistic.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段他历次艰难探险长城可推断出他是意志力坚强的一个人；根据第三段他不图名利做长城的清道夫可推断出他是一个大爱无私的好人。故选A。B(2018全国卷)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent ti
11、mes there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten milli
12、on people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread
13、 of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The d
14、istribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and th
15、e Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)
16、, with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150). Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文
17、章介绍了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少的现象及其原因。5What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?AThey developed very fast. BThey were large in number.CThey had similar patterns. DThey were closely connected.答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，当人类社会处在原始社会，人们以狩猎为生时，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的语言模式。当世界上的人口数量在五百万到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种
18、。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。6Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2?AComplex. BAdvanced.CPowerful. DModern.答案：C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语越来越占据统治地位。由此推知，dominant意为“占优势的；强大的”。故选C。7How many
19、languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?AAbout 6,800. BAbout 3,400.CAbout 2,400. DAbout 1,200.答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.”和“The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer peo
20、ple than that.”可知，目前世界上大约有6,800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6,000人的占一半，即3,400。故选B。8What is the main idea of the text?ANew languages will be created.BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.CHuman development results in fewer languages.DGeography determines language evolution.答案：C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段第二句可知，本文所讲的主要
21、内容为随着时代的发展，语言在逐渐消失和减少。故选C。.七选五(2020吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)The history of writing instruments, with which humans have recorded and conveyed thoughts and feelings, is the history of civilization itself. This is how we know about our ancestors and their life.The handy sharpenedstone was adapted into the first
22、writing instrument. Around 24000 BC, the cave man started drawing pictures with the stone onto the walls of his cave. _1_ Walls at the Apollo site in Namibia are believed to be the oldest rock paintings to date.Before paper came along, people used clay or wax tablets on which they wrote with sharp o
23、bjects such as metal sticks or bones. Around 6,000 years ago, the Egyptians invented the first paperlike material called papyrus. The word “paper” actually comes from the word “papyrus”_2_ Bones or metal sticks were no longer useful as the papyrus could not be scratched. So the Egyptians created a r
24、eedpen perfect for the papyrus. _3_ And thus, ancient Egyptians transformed bamboo stems (茎) into an early form of a fountain pen.Another writing instrument that remained active in history for a long period was the quill (鹅毛) pen. Introduced around 700 AD, the quill was a pen made from a bird feathe
25、r. Goose feathers were most common. _4_ For making fine line drawings, crow feathers were the best.When writers had better inks and paper and handwriting had developed into both an art form and an everyday occurrence, mans inventive nature once again turned to improving the writing instrument. _5_AN
26、ow something was needed to write upon the papyrus.BThe papyrus became the most popular material at that time.CSwan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.DBamboo stems were better and much more expensive than goose feathers.EThis led to the development of the modern fountain
27、pen in the 19th century.FThese were mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.GThese drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了书写工具的发展历史。1G上文提示“大约公元前24000年，穴居人开始用石头在洞穴的墙上画画。”再根据下文提示“纳米比亚阿波罗遗址的墙壁被认为是迄今为止最古老的岩画。”因此，G项“Th
28、ese drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.”(这些图画展示了日常生活中的事件，如种植庄稼或打猎的胜利。)承上起下，切题。故选G。2A下文提示“由于纸莎草纸不能被刮伤，骨头或金属棒不再有用。”因此，A项“Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.”(现在需要在纸莎草纸上写点什么。)引起下文，切题。故选A。3F上文提示“因此，埃及人创造了一种芦苇笔，完美地用于纸莎草纸。”因此，F项“These were
29、mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.”(这些主要是草的茎，尤其是竹子的茎。)承接上文，切题。故选F。4C上文提示“最常见的是鹅毛。”因此，C项“Swan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.”(天鹅羽毛质量很好，既稀有又昂贵。)承接上文，切题。故选C。5E上文提示“当作家们有了更好的墨水和纸张，书法已经发展成为一种艺术形式和日常生活的一部分时，人类的创造性再一次转向改进书写工具。”因此，E项“This led to t
30、he development of the modern fountain pen in the 19th century.”(这导致了19世纪现代钢笔的发展。)承接上文，切题。故选E。.语法填空(2020深圳高级中学(集团)高三第一学期第一次测试)When foreigners negotiate, or register in certain areas of China, they may be _1_ (surprise) at Chineses special fondness and preference for seals. To Chinese, seals are an ar
31、t of deep cultural roots, _2_ combines the essence of both calligraphy (书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.It is believed that seals came out as early _3_ 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery wares (陶瓷) and had private property. They w
32、ere assumed to make marks on _4_ (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen. When the first dynasty _5_ (found), the king began to use seals to empower (授权) and to show lordly credits. Only the kings special seal was then called “Xi”， _6_ (represent) the highest authority. The first em
33、peror of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his “Xi” _7_ (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “Heshibi”Then the local governments also needed seals for _8_ same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in a variety of lucky _9_ (character) and vivid animal patterns. _10_ (gradual), the sphra
34、gistics (印章学) came into being.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国印章文化的产生以及发展。1surprised考查固定短语。be surprised at “对感到惊奇”，该短语是固定短语，所以填surprised。2which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词seals，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。3as考查固定短语。as early as “早在的时候”，该短语是固定短语，所以填as。4their考查代词。文中表示“
35、他们自己的财产”，用形容词性物主代词，所以填their。5was founded考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。“第一个朝代”和“建立”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填was founded。6representing考查非谓语动词。“玺”和“代表”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。7made考查非谓语动词。“玺”和“制成”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，此处是have sth. done结构，所以填made。8the考查冠词。the表特指，在这里表示与上文相同的功能，所以填the。9characters考查名词。character作“文字，字母，符号”讲时
36、为可数名词，a variety of后面接可数名词的复数形式，所以填characters。10Gradually考查词性转换。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，首字母大写，所以填Gradually。.书面表达假定你是李华，你校要举办一次汉服(Hanfu)表演。请你写封邮件邀请在你市做交换生的英国好友Peter观看演出。内容包括：1发出邀请；2演出的时间和地点；3建议他上网搜索，简要了解汉服。注意：1.词数100左右。2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文Dear Peter，Have you adapted to the new environment in our city? Im wr
37、iting to invite you to enjoy a show which will be hosted by our school. And the detailed information is as follows.In order to enrich our school life and promote Chinese traditional culture, a Hanfu performance will be held in the hall of our school on 25th September. It will be a great show played
38、by many students dressed in Hanfu. It will be certainly a visual feast. Its a good idea for you to surf the Internet for the introduction to Hanfu, especially those in the Tang Dynasty, which will help you appreciate the show.Are you available on that day? Im sure you will have a good time.Yours，Li Hua
