1、单句填空之非谓语动词专项练习(1)高考语法填空对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在:非谓语动词作状语、定语、主语、宾语、表语、补语等,非谓语动词的时态和语态变化等。第一组1.The company served sweeter coffee options than Australians preferred, meanwhile_(charge)more than the local cafes.答案:charging 解析:句意为:这家公司提供的咖啡比澳大利亚人所喜爱的味道更甜一些,同时,售价也比当地的咖啡馆更高一些。本句中谓语动词为 served, charge 与其之间无连词连接,因此应用非谓
2、语动词形式;charge 与主语company 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填charging.2. _(take)a pencil and a blank piece of paper from his desk, he started to write.答案:Taking解析:句意为:他从桌子上拿起一支铅笔和一张白纸,就开始写起来。此句的谓语动词为started,故设空处填非谓语动词;take和he之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填Taking.3.The girl_(sit)by my side gave me a sheet called course requirem
3、ents.答案:sitting 解析:句意为:坐在我旁边的那个女孩给了我一张叫作“课程要求”的纸。此句谓语动词为gave,故设空处填非谓语动词作定语,修饰girl; girl 和sit之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填sitting.4. _(act)is to tell a storysomeone elses story. But Malek was not just telling someone elses story when he played this role-he was telling his own.答案:To act解析:句意为:表演就是讲故事讲别人的故事。但马利克表演这个角
4、色时不只是在讲别人的故事,他也在讲自己的故事。分析句子成分可知,设空处作主语。后面的表语to tell a story 为不定式,保持前后的一致性是英语中的习惯用法,所以主语也用不定式,故填To act5.Since it was my first day in my new school, I was confused which hallway to use, but I managed_(get)to my classroom.答案:to get解析:句意为:因为这是我第一天来到这个新学校,我很困惑该走哪个走廊,但我成功地走到了教室。考查固定短语manage to do sth., 意为
5、“成功做成某事”。故填to get.6.People with healthy self-esteem tend to have better relationships with others, feel happier, and find it easier _(deal)with mistakes and failure.答案:to deal 解析:句意为:拥有健康的自尊心的人往往和他人有更好的人际关系,更幸福,并能更轻松地处理错误和应对失败。考查固定句型“主语find it+形容词(easy/difficult/hard/possible/impossible.)+to do sth.
6、 故填 to deal.7.With time_(slip)away, a number of dams have some unsafe elements and potential dangers.答案:slipping解析:句意为:随着时间的流逝,许多大坝出现了不安全的因素和潜在的危险。考查with的复合结构,time和slip之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填slipping.8.The young man hurried home, only_(find)his house broken into.答案:to find解析:句意为:这个年轻人匆忙回到家,却发现有人闯进来过。“only to
7、+动词原形”是习惯用法,表示出乎意料的结果,设空处应填入不定式作结果状语。故填to find.9.She wrote again and again to a number of medical colleges, _(ask)if she could be admitted, but each time the answer was NO.答案:asking 解析:句意为:她一遍又一遍地给一些医科大学写信,问她是否能被录取,但每一次都被拒绝。设空处前有谓语动词 wrote,因此设空处应填非谓语动词;ask与She为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式表伴随,故填 asking.10. _(fa
8、ce)with this problem, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the misunderstanding.答案:Faced 解析:句意为:面对这个问题,我们可以找一个合适的时间和他们坦诚地谈一谈,设法消除误解。此句中已有谓语 can find,此空该用非谓语动词作状语;be faced with sth.为固定搭配,意为“面对某事”,位于句首作状语,应省略be.故填 Faced.知识拓展:本题易误填Facing,考生易误认为face 与主语we之间
9、为逻辑上的主动关系,但根据设空处后的with 可知,此处考查的是be faced with sth.11.There is no law_(prevent)anyone from living in a van full time, as long as the vehicle is appropriately taxed and insured.答案:preventing 解析:句意为:没有法律禁止人们长期住在货车里,只要这辆车的税费和保险都到位。设空处前有谓语动词is,故填非谓语动词作定语来修饰 law;law 和prevent之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填preventing12.If y
10、ou always spend time_(try)to impress others, youre wasting your life.答案:trying解析:句意为:如果你一直花时间努力给别人留下好印象,你就是在浪费你的人生。spend time(in)doing sth.为固定短语,意为“花时间做某事”。故填trying.13.Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for _(prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases.答案:preven
11、ting解析:句意为:绿茶和红茶都被宣称能有效预防癌症、心脏病和很多其他致命的疾病。设空处位于介词for后面,应用动名词形式,故填 preventing14. On a typical day I might find myself kneeling(跪)in the basement_(search)for a certain book.答案:searching 解析:句意为:在平常的日子里,我可能会不知不觉地跪在地下室,翻找某本书。search 和I构成逻辑上的主动关系,故填searching 作伴随状语。15.The university is reported in the newsp
12、aper_(celebrate)its 120th birthday last month.答案:to have celebrated 解析:句意为:据报纸报道,这所大学在上个月庆祝了建校120周年。分析句子成分可知,主语为The university,谓语为 is reported; be reported to be/do sth.意为“据报道是某事物做某事”,设空处应用不定式作主语补足语,且根据时间状语 lastmonth 可知,设空处应用不定式的完成式,故填to have celebrated.第二组1.Then he looked at me with tears in his ey
13、esalthough I pretended not_(notice).答案:to notice解析:句意为:然后他看着我,眼里含着泪花尽管我假装没有注意到。pretend(not)to do sth.意为“假装(没)做某事”2.Chinas aim is_(help)scientists from around the world find out more about moon.答案:to help解析:句意为:中国的目标是帮助世界上的科学家更多地了解月球。设空处考查不定式表将来,the aim/goal/dream is to do 意为“目的目标梦想是”,故填to help【知识拓展】
14、不定式与动名词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作,特别是表示将来的动作。如:His wish is to buy a good bookshelf in the near future.他的愿望是在不久的将来买一个好书架。(2)动名词作表语表示抽象的、一般性的行为。如:Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。注意:动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其含义迥异。进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的,动名词作表语说明主语的性质或情况。3.Harry ate two cookies and kept his eyes_(fix)on
15、 mine until I gave him half.答案:fixed 解析:句意为:哈里吃了两块饼干,然后紧紧盯着我的饼干,直到我给了他一半。设空处前有谓语动词kept,故设空处用非谓语动词,his eyes 和fix 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故填fixed.4.Sixteen years earlier, Paulson had removed the diamond ring_(cook)a meal. As a result, it disappeared.答案:to cook解析:句意为:16年前帕尔松摘下钻戒做饭,结果钻戒丢了。此句中已有谓语had removed,且与设空处之间
16、无连词,所以应填非谓语动词;根据句意可知,设空处应用不定式作目的状语,故填to cook.5.When_(work)for my previous company, I succeeded in raising the yearly sales volume(销售额)by 25%.答案:working解析:句意为:当我在以前的公司上班时,我成功地把年度销售额提高了25%.work和主语I构成逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词作状语,故填working.6.When_(tell)that it was a loss to humans, the farmers burst into laughter
17、.答案:told 解析:句意为:当农民们被告知这是人类的损失时,他们哄然大笑。设空处考查过去分词作状语。tell 和 farmers 构成逻辑上的被动关系,故填 told.7.Tom is always the first_(come)and the last to leave. So he is always praised by our teacher.答案:to come 解析:句意为:汤姆总是第一个来最后一个走,因此他总是受到老师的表扬。此句中is是谓语动词,故设空处填非谓语动词形式。此处用不定式作定语,“the+序数词 +to do sth.表示“某人是第几个做某事的”,故填to c
18、ome.8. Establish a routine for your spoken English time at home. It is better_(have)short, frequent sessions than long, infrequent ones.答案:to have解析:句意为:在家里定一个专门说英语的时间,最好是短时间、高频率的学习方式,而不是长时间、低频率的。考查固定句型“It is better to do sth.,此句中 It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式。故填to have.9.Chinese cuisine is an important bran
19、ch of the Chinese culture and the core is taste while the purpose is_(preserve) health.答案:to preserve解析:句意为:中国菜肴是中国文化的一个重要分支,其核心是味道,而目的是保持健康。设空处在句中作表语,主语是purpose, hope, wish等名词时,其后多用不定式作表语,对主语起补充说明作用,因此应用不定式。故填 to preserve.10.One day, he had a huge rock_(place)on a roadway at night.答案:placed 解析:句意为:
20、一天晚上,他让人把一块大石头放在路上。have sth. done 为固定用法,意为“完成某事;让别人做某事”。11.I am, not for the first time, writing a book. The difference with this book is that I will finish _(write)it without being interrupted.答案:writing解析:句意为:我并不是第一次写书,这一次的不同在于我将不受打扰地写完这本书。finish doing sth.为固定短语,意为“完成做某事”,故填 writing.12.A big fire
21、broke out last Wednesday on a busy New Jersey highway, _(cause)massive traffic delays.答案:causing解析:句意为:上周三,在新泽西州一条繁忙的公路上发生了一场大火灾,造成了严重的交通延误。设空处前有谓语 broke out,故设空处应用非谓语动词;cause和主语A big fire 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以填现在分词,表示自然而然的结果。故填 causing.13.My father died when I was nine months old, _(make)my mom a single m
22、other.答案:making 解析:句意为:我爸爸在我九个月时就去世了,于是我妈妈就成了单亲妈妈。设空处考查现在分词表结果,表示自然而然的结果。故填 making14.In a 2016 study_(publish)in the journal Gerontology, elderly people who were given five crickets(蟋蟀)in a cage became happier than before.答案:published解析:句意为:出版在老年学这本杂志上的一份2016年的研究表明,得到一笼五只蟋蟀的老年人比以前更快乐了。设空处考查过去分词作定语修饰
23、 study, publish与 study 构成逻辑上的被动关系,故填 published.15.I have decided not to put off anything I can do straight away and enjoy everything I own, because_(leave)anything for later is taking the risk that later may never arrive.答案:leaving解析:句意为:我已经决定不再把现在就能做的事情往后推,并且我要享受我所拥有的一切。因为把事情留到以后做就是在冒“以后可能永远不会到来”的风险。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,设空处作主语,应用动名词,故填leaving.