1、Unit 4Helping people around the world【美文阅读】Helping others is kind of happiness我把即将辞掉的一份工作介绍给了一位刚刚来到澳大利亚举目无亲的移民，帮助别人的同时我也感到很幸福。I had been working for a company in Australia that had a large number of staff.But now, I had found a better position in another company and was very aware that the manager w
2、ould be disappointed that I was leaving.I had recently become friends with a young man who had just moved to Australia from Africa due to the war in his homeland.He was unskilled and was finding life difficult being unemployed ( 失业的，未被利用的) and married and having two young children.As I handed in my
3、notice (辞职信), I was asked if I was aware of anyone who was looking for work and could do the job as well as I had done.I offered this chance to my new friend.But he was not offered the job after the interview.I had to serve a weeks notice and during this time I asked the manager the reasons why my f
4、riend was turned down.They explained his English was not good enough to train him for the position.I suggested it should do good to the company to give my friend a trial while I was willing to train him.I believed that once given the time to learn the language, my friend could do the job.After a wee
5、ks training, he was employed and was happy with his position now. I am aware of how terrible the war was, which had forced this man to leave his homeland，and what price he had paid for doing so.I appreciate being able to live in Australia and believe that this appreciation is best demonstrated (证明)
6、by acts of kindness to those in need.Remembering the smile of appreciation from this man continues to inspire me to be kind.【诱思导学】1What can you learn from the passage? 2What was the problem that the young man faced at that time? 3How do you help others in your daily life? 【答案】1.Its a virtue to help
7、others in trouble and helping others is kind of happiness.2Being unskilled and unemployed at that time, he was finding life difficult.3Try my best to do what I can to help the people in need.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元
8、使学生了解联合国的历史、四大宗旨、事务处理、目标以及作者本人在联合国作为亲善大使的工作。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议通过对本单元标题“Helping people around the world”的分析和一些有关于灾难的图片展示导入引出：Who can help solve these problems? 引导学生说出一些国际组织，并进行简单介绍，自然导入：the UN(联合国)。通过提出问题： How much do you know about the UN？激发学生学习本课内容的兴趣。教学流程设计让学生快速阅读课文，(见课本第 5051 页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第62页)。学生再
9、次仔细阅读课文，(课本第50 51页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第62页)。.篇章结构The UNbringing everyone closer togetherThe time when the United Nations was set upThe UN was set up after the 1. World War in October 1945.The countries2 to the UNWhen the UN was founded, it had 51 members.Today 192 countries become the members of th
10、e UN.Four 3. of the UNKeep international 4. ：Help end the worlds most horrible 5. ； 6. the victims of wars and disasters；7. friendly relationships among nations.Work together in solving international political conflicts and in 8 respect for human rights.Be a centre for 9. the actions or work of diff
11、erent nations.Other problemsthe UN helpsto deal withThe UN helps countries with other problems such as 10. of education, starvation, disasters etc.With the work of the UN the world has been brought closer together.【答案】1.Second 2.belonging3.functions4.peace5conflicts6.Assist7.Develop8.promoting9.orga
12、nizing10.lack.语篇理解阅读P5051的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案。1What is about the Goodwill Ambassadors job?AThe Goodwill Ambassadors get paid from the UN.BThe Goodwill Ambassadors mainly visit countries where international conflicts arise.CWith the television and press to accompany, the Goodwill Ambassadors
13、visits will be recorded to increase peoples awareness of the work of the UN.2What does the UN help to do?ATo settle the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts.BTo help countries with problems as lack of education.CAll the above.3What occupation does Tang Ning take up in the UN?AThe SecretaryGe
14、neral.BA Goodwill Ambassador.CThe spoken woman.4How much money does she earn by doing the job?AShe earns a lot.BShe volunteers.She gets no salary for the job.CShe earns some, though not much.5What project or projects has she been involved in?AShe helps develop the worlds education.BShe helps deal wi
15、th such problems as starvation and disasters.CShe visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people.【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.B5.C .课文缩写I feel very honored to have been able to work as a Goodwill Ambassador of the United Nations.First, I should tell you something about the UN.The UN was set up just a
16、fter the Second World War in October 1945.It has four main 1. ：to keep international peace; to develop friendly 2. among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in 3. respect for human rights; and to be a center for 4. the actions or work of different nations.As you know, the UN
17、touches the lives of people everywhere.With the help of the borrowed armies and other 5. organizations, the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to 6. international laws.Second，I want to tell you about the work I have been doing.I main
18、ly visit countries where the UN has 7. to help people.The television and press will follow and record my visits, which will increase peoples 8. of the work of the UN.Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and 9. ， the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education，10. ，disas
19、ters and disease.So with the work of the UN the world has been brought closer together.【答案】1.functions2.relationships3.promoting 4.organizing5.worthy 6.improve7.programmes8.knowledge 9.conflicts10.starvation.词义搭配1lackAto give sth, especially money or goods2description B. to gain sth.by your own effo
20、rts, ability or behaviour3worthy C. the needs to be dealt with or happen immediately4contribute Dto go or come after and bring or take back5acquire E. to have none or not enough of sth.6urgent F. a statement that represents sth.in words7equal Gbeing honourable or admirable8fetch H. having the same r
21、ights or being treated the same as other people【答案】 1.E 2.F 3.G 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.H 8.D.短语填空contribute to; in addition; take on; refer to; under the umbrella of; draw (someones) attention to 1.The speaker made a long speech without his notes. 2I dont want to waste money on the trip. ，I cant spare the ti
22、me for it，either.3The purpose of the article was to peoples the problems facing single parents. 4.The private companies there are developing quickly the local government. 5.Dont too much work, or else your health will break down.【答案】 1.referring to 2.In addition 3.draw; attention to 4.under the umbr
23、ella of 5 take on.句型背诵1In some areas where there have been wars，special soldiers help keep the peace.在有战争的地区，特种部队帮助维持治安。2This land was difficult to farm这片土地很难耕种。3I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国
24、，也叫UN这个名称更为常用。4I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them.我很高兴入选为联合国的一名亲善大使。5I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.能够担当这个角色我感到非常荣幸。Period Welcome to the Unit & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造
25、句。(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，与此同时通过课文更加熟练地运用这些词汇。(4)通过对本课文的学习，让学生能够了解一些国际组织(比如，联合国)的历史及功能，能读懂关于帮助别人的文章，借以提高学生的阅读理解能力。教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议“How much do you know about the UN？”开门见山，引出主题。 教学流程设计让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第63页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结
26、果。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。1In some areas where there have been wars, special soldiers help keep the peace.(P49)在有战争的地区，特种部队帮助维持治安。 此句中“there have been”为there be句型的完成时形式。there be句型的用法如下：表示某个事物在什么地方，其结构为“There be主语其他成分”。其中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词遵循就近原则。There is a desk and three chairs in
27、the room.房间里有一张书桌和三把椅子。There are three chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有三把椅子和一张书桌。there be谓语动词还可以用appear，seem，happen等，也可以用情态动词。There appears to be a mistake.似乎有一个错误。There seems to be something wrong with it.它好像有点儿毛病。There happened to be a tree on top of the hill.碰巧山顶上有棵树。There may be two possible a
28、nswers.可能有两个合理的答案。there be句型有时可采用“There be said/reported to be.”等被动语态结构。There was said to be troops on the frontiers.据说边界上驻扎着部队。 There is reported to be a number of the wounded on both sides.据报道双方都有许多受伤者。【提示】不能用has或have代替there be 句型中的be。there being结构在句中作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，因此主句中就不再用任何连词。用there be句型翻译句子因无其
29、他事项，主席结束了会议。 当火灾发生时，该房间碰巧没有人。 【答案】There was no further business，so the chairman closed the meeting./There being no further business，the chairman closed the meeting.There happened to be no one in the room when the fire broke out.2lack n. & vt.缺乏When there is a lack of food, there is hunger.(P49)凡缺食物，
30、必有饥饿。He can not buy a car because of his lack of money.他因缺钱买不起车。Lacking money，we had to give up the travel plan.由于缺乏资金，我们不得不放弃旅游计划。a lack of.缺乏for/through lack of. 因缺乏lack for. (对)不充足，缺乏 (常用于否定句)lacking adj. 缺乏的be lacking in 缺乏 He is good at his job but he seems to be lacking in confidence.他擅长工作，但似乎
31、缺乏信心。The plant died for lack of water.这株植物因缺水而枯死了。【对接高考】(2010福建高考)More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities space.Ain search of Bin place of Cfor lack of Dfor fear of【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于缺少生活空间，在大城市里建造了越来越多的摩天大楼。in search of“寻找，寻求”；in place of“代替，取代”；for lack of“因缺乏”；for fear of“唯恐
32、，以免，担心”。【答案】C完成句子They diet at that time because of (缺乏食物)She has the determination that (她的弟弟所缺少的)They are so rich (没有欠缺任何东西)【答案】a lack of foodher brother lacksthat they lack for nothing3This land was difficult to farm.(P50)这片土地很难耕种此句为“主语be形容词不定式”的句型，此句型中不定式和句子主语之间也可能构成逻辑上的动宾关系。所以如果该不定式的动词是不及物动词，需要根
33、据它和主语的逻辑动宾关系加相应介词。English is not difficult to learn.英语不难学。【提示】此句型中句子的主语和不定式之间也可能是逻辑主谓关系，即句子的主语就是不定式动作的发出者。He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。常可以在这一句型中的不定式之前加入不定式这一动作的逻辑主语，即该动作的发出者，这时要用介词for，使其成为“主语be形容词for sb./sth. to do sth.”的句型。This article is too difficult for me to understand.这篇文章对我来说太难理解
34、了。【对接高考】(2012辽宁高考)This machine is very easy .Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate【解析】句意：这台机器很容易操作，任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。“be表示难易好坏等的形容词”后用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。【答案】D翻译句子这个人很好相处。 你愿意帮我提箱子吗？ 很抱歉， 我星期天没有来。 【答案】The person is easy to get along with.Would you be
35、 so kind to help me with this box?Im sorry not to have come on sunday.4I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to(P50)我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，也叫UN这个名称更为常用。(1)as it is more often referred to是as作为连词引导的方式状语从句。意为“像一样”。不要把它看作非限制性定语从句
36、，本句是被动语态，referred to 的逻辑宾语即主语。所以as在句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。When at Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。Remember，you must do everything as I do.记住，你们务必照我的样子去做每件事。【提示】方式状语从句应放在主句之后。as if，as though也引导方式状语从句，一般用虚拟语气，如果从句所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。完成句子按我告诉你的去做，否则你会被解雇。 ，or youll be fired.读书之于大脑如同食物之于身体。Reading is to mind 我们应
37、该像班长那样学习。We should study 【答案】Do as you are told toas food is to the bodyas our monitor does单项填空Youd better finish all the work in time you are required.Asuch BwhichCthat Das【解析】句意：你最好按照要求及时完成任务。此处表示你被要求完成的方式，所以用as引导方式状语从句，故选D项。【答案】D(2)refer to谈及；涉及；查阅；参考；与相关John must refer to cyclopedia when he writ
38、es reports.约翰写报告时，一定会查阅百科全书。The book is often referred to.这本书常被人们提到。refer.to.把提交给；向请教refer to.as.把称作 I dont want to refer this patient to an irresponsible doctor.我不想把这个病人交给一个不负责的医生。He is referred to as a living Lei Feng.他被称作是一个活雷锋。单项填空It was foolish of him to his notes during that important test，and
39、 as a result，he got punished.Astick toBrefer toCkeep on Dpoint to【解析】句意：在重要的考试中查阅笔记是很愚蠢的。他因此受到了惩罚。从后面的he got punished这一结果来看，能够推知他肯定“查阅”了他的笔记，所以此处要用refer to。【答案】BIt is requested that the reporter to blame for the wrong report.Areferring to be Breferring to asCreferred to be Dreferred to being【解析】句意：要
40、求所涉及的那位记者应对错误报道承担责任。referred to 为过去分词短语作定语修饰reporter。It is requested后的从句用虚拟语气should动词原形，should可省略。故答案为C项。【答案】C5I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them.(P50)我很高兴入选为联合国的一名亲善大使。句中“to have been chosen”是动词不定式的完成式的被动式，表示被动和完成。如果动词不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式表示的动作的承受者而非发出者，就要用动词不定式的被动形式。动
41、词不定式一般式的被动式由“to be动词的过去分词”构成，动词不定式的完成式的被动式由“to have been动词的过去分词”构成。He asked to be sent to work in a middle school.他要求被派到中学工作。That novel of his is said to have been translated into English.据说他的那本小说已被译成英语。The bank is reported in the local newspaper， in broad daylight yesterday.Abeing robbedBhaving bee
42、n robbedCto have been robbed Drobbed【解析】此题考查动词不定式完成式的被动形式。其形式为“to have been动词的过去分词”，所以C项正确。【答案】C6I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this pole.(P50)能够担当这一角色，我感到非常荣幸。(1)honour v使感到荣耀，给荣誉，尊敬 n敬意，荣誉We would be honoured if you would visit us.Would you honour us by visiting us?倘蒙光临寒舍实不胜荣幸之至
43、。It is a great honour to receive that prize.能得到那个奖是无上的荣耀。be/feel honoured to do 做感到荣幸do sb.honourdo honour to sb.对某人表示敬意， 成为的荣誉do sb.the honour of doing给予某人的荣幸； 做而给予某人面子have the honour of doing/to do有做的荣幸in honour of 为了表示对的敬意Its an honour to do sth.很荣幸做某事 May I have the honour of dancing with you?我有
44、幸与你跳舞吗？I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了我，真是荣幸。完成句子我们庆祝母亲节是对母亲们表示敬意。We celebrate Mothers Day our mothers.请嫁给我吧，能得到你的答应是我的荣幸。Will you becoming my wife?【答案】 in honour ofdo me the honour of单项填空During his stay in foreign countries he won ，which became to his family.Athe honour
45、；an honour Ban honour；honoursChonour；an honour Dthe honour; honours【解析】句意；他待在国外期间，赢得了荣誉，这让他的家人引以为荣。honour 作抽象名词意为“荣誉”；an honour意为光荣的人/物/事。故答案为C。【答案】C(2)take on 雇佣；呈现；开始从事；承担She took on greater responsibilities when she was promoted.她得到提升，担负了更大的责任。Were not taking on any new staff at the moment.眼下我们不雇
46、用新职员。take off脱掉；起飞take over接管；接手take in理解；领会；吸入；欺骗take up开始从事；占据 He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.他一向乐于挑重担。Could you possibly take over the factory?您能不能接管这家工厂？When did you take up your study of English?你什么时候开始学英语的？用适当的介/副词填空Would you take this work?The young politician took the l
47、eadership of the party.The planes took from bases in France.When he left school he took journalism.I cannot take why you are angry.Mike became jealous when Jacks career started taking Our school has taken a new look.【答案】on over off up in off on7description n描写(文字)，形容，说明First I should give you a shor
48、t description of the UN.(P50)首先我先向你们简单描述一下联合国。He gave me a good description of what he had seen in Japan after the big earthquake.他把他看到的日本大地震后的一切向我作了充分的描述。The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description.西湖风景美得难以形容。give a description of 形容；描述beyond description 无法形容；难以描述describe vt.描述desc
49、ribe.as.把描述成；把说成 I wouldnt describe her as a nice person.我不会说她是个好人。The engineer gave a of what he had seen.Aexplanation BinstructionCdescription Dintroduction【解析】句意为“这位工程师描述了他所见到的一切”。explanation意为“解释，说明”；instruction意为“说明书”；description意为“描述，摘要”；introduction意为“说明，介绍”，根据句意，故选C。【答案】C8worthy adj.令人敬重的，值得
50、注意的；值得的With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations，the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.(P50)在这些军队和其他一些可敬的组织的协助下，联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供援助。The money we raise will be going to use a very worthy cause.我们筹集的钱将用于非常崇高的事业。No composer was considered worthy of the name until he had writ
51、ten an opera.作曲家直到写出一部歌剧才会被认为是名副其实的。be worthy of n. 值得be worthy of being done 值得做be worthy to be done 值得做He is a boy who is worthy of being praised/worthy to be praised.他是一个值得夸奖的男孩子。单项填空He is an old man of great respect.Aworth BworthyCworthwhile Ddeserve【解析】句意：“他是位值得尊敬的老人”。worthy意为“值得的”，符合题意，故选B。【答案
52、】B同义句转换This old church is worthy of a visit. 【答案】This old church is worthy of being visited.This old church is worthy to be visited.This old church is worth a visit.This old church is worth visiting.9in addition另外In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws.
53、(P50)另外，联合国帮助维护人权并为改进国际法而努力When Diane fell，she hurt her arm and，in addition，broke her glasses.黛安妮摔倒时，摔伤了胳膊，还摔坏了眼镜。There was an earthquake and，in addition，there were tidal waves.除了地震以外，还有海啸。除了还有except 除了之外except for除了整体中的(某种情况)except除了某种情况之外 Im going to town to see my teacher in addition to buying so
54、mething.我进城除了买些东西，还要看望我的老师。He has to study a second foreign language besides English.In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.除了英语之外，他必须再学一门外语。用except/except for/besides/but/except that(when.)/apart from/in addition to填空Your composition was well written a few spelling mistak
55、es.She helps to cook and wash looking after the baby.He has done everything what I asked him to do.Does John know any other foreign language French?We go to the night club it is raining.【答案】except forbesides/in addition to/apart frombut/exceptbesides/in addition to/apart fromexcept when/that10equal
56、adj. & n. & v平等的，同等的；同等的人，相等物；与相同或相等In addition，the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws，for example，those on child labour and on equal rights for minorities and women.(P50)此外，联合国还协助保护人权，致力改进各种国际法律，如有关童工和保护少数民族和妇女享有平等权利的法律。Men and women have equal rights in China.在中国
57、，男女平等。A pound is roughly equal to 500 grams.1磅约等于500克。be equal to (doing) sth.等于；与相等；胜任equally adv. 同样地，平等地equality n(数量，程度，价值，能力等)相等，平等 【对接高考】(2012福建高考)Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be respected.Aespecially BequallyCnaturally Dnormally【解析】A项为“尤其，特别”；B项为“平等地，同样地”；C项为“自然地”；D
58、项为“正常地”。由句意“任何人，不管他是一名官员还是一名公共汽车司机，都应该受到同样的尊敬”可知答案为B。【答案】B 完成句子Is he your (同等 人，匹敌者)in swimming.No one (比得上)him in courage.He is (胜任)the task.It is reasonable to demand (同工同酬)【答案】equalequalsequal toequal pay for equal work11draw (sb.s) attention to 使(某人)察觉到In addition，my visits will encourage people
59、 working on the projects and draw local peoples attention to the situation.(P51)此外，我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国各种项目的人，吸引当地人对相关形势的注意力。I tried not to draw attention to the weak points in my argument.我尽量使人不察觉到我论证中的软肋。I have been asked to draw your attention to the following matters.有人要求我让你注意以下事情。catch/attract sb.s
60、 attention 吸引某人的注意力bring sth.to sb.s attention使某人关注某事turn sb.s attention to把某人的注意力转向pay attention to注意 The matter was first brought to my attention earlier this year.今年较早时，我第一次注意到这个问题。What first caught/attracted/drew my attention was his voice.首先吸引我注意力的是他的声音。(2011江西高考)Why dont you bring to his atten
61、tion that youre too ill to work on?Athat BitChis Dhim【解析】此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句，故选B。【答案】BShe waved her hand and Adirected my attentionBdrew my attentionCstood at attention Dturned my attention【解析】句意为“她挥手引起了我的注意”。draw ones attention引起某人注意，符合题意，故选B。【答案】B12contribute vt. & vi.捐献，捐助；有助于；促成，是的成因之一They
62、 collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.(P51)她们每天从每个小组成员那里收取大约1.35元，将这些钱和政府资助的一部分钱加在一起。It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum to the Red Cross.她很大方，向红十字会捐助了这么大一笔钱。Honesty and hard work contribute to success and h
63、appiness.诚实加苦干有助于取得成功和幸福。contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to有助于，促成；是的成因之一contribution nC贡献；捐款make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献； 为捐献 He made a very positive contribution to the overall success of the project.他对项目的全面成功作出了非常积极的贡献。【语境促记】捐款，贡献导致，促成投稿The success of Beijing Olympic Games the growth of
64、 economy in China.Arefers to Bsticks toCappeals to Dcontributes to【解析】句意为“北京奥运会的成功举办促进了中国经济的增长”。refer to意为“参考”；stick to意为“坚持”；appeal to 意为“吸引”；contribute to意为“促成”。根据句意。故选D。【答案】D13acquire vt.购得；获得；得到With this，the women have enough money to acquire materials to make baskets.(P51)这样，妇女们就有了足够的钱去购买做篮子的编织
65、材料。acquire sth.学到；获得acquire a taste for sth.开始喜欢acquire a knowledge of 学会acquire a habit of养成的习惯 My sister couldnt take her desk with her to the new house; thats how I came to acquire it.我妹妹无法把她的书桌搬入新居，我就是这样才得到它的。Its important to acquire a good knowledge of English.学好英语非常重要。acquire/obtain/gain/get/w
66、in/earnacquire强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地、渐渐地获得。obtain通过巨大努力而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。gain指经过有意识行动取得某种成就或获得某种好处。get可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。win主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。earn指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价有功而获得。 用earn/win/obtain的适当形式填空They are trying to support for their proposals.He the property with a bank loan.His honesty the admiratio
67、n of his friends.【答案】winobtainedearned单项填空The work has the status of a classic among the composers admirers.Arequired BacquiredCinquired Dinspired【解析】acquire“获得，得到”。acquire a status of a classic“获得了经典之作的地位”。【答案】B14expand vi. & vt.扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe
68、set up a shop.(P51)运气好的话，她们的小组还能够进一步扩大，或许还能开一个店铺。Weve expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。expand into/to 使扩大，变大，将扩展(充)成expand on/upon详述；详细阐明 The village expanded into/to a town.这个村子发展成了一个镇。expand/stretch/extendexpand指向四面八方的扩大，扩张stretch指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、颈的伸展或伸出，多与out连用extend强调向某一
69、方向的延长 【语境促记】expandstretchextend选词填空expand，extend，stretchOur land as far as the river.Im thinking about my business.The exercises are designed to your leg muscles.【答案】extendsexpandingstretch单项填空Our foreign trade has greatly in recent years.Aexpanded BenlargedCwidened Dsurvived【解析】expand指范围、程度、体积和尺寸等方
70、面的扩大或增加。enlarge主要指面积或体积等的扩大。句意：我国的对外贸易近年来已有极大发展。【答案】A15There are lots of worthwhile programmes like this under the umbrella of the UN that have helped millions of people across the world.(P51)在联合国的管理体系中还有很多此类的重要项目，它们已经为全世界数以百万计的人提供了帮助。(1)worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等) Did you feel the meeti
71、ng was worthwhile?你认为这次会议重要吗？ High prices in the UK make it worthwhile for buyers to look abroad.英国的高价足以使买主把视线转向国外。 It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做是值得的 Its worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees. 给新员工详细地解释一下工作，费点儿事也是值得的。 worthwhile/worthy/worth worthwhile在句
72、中可作表语、定语和宾语补足语。常用句式：It is worthwhileto do/doing sth.主语动词itworthwhiledoing/to do sth.worthy在句中可作表语和宾语。常用句式：be worthy ofn./being donebe worthy to be doneworth在句中只作表语。常用句式：be worth钱数/名词be (well) worthdoing sth. 【对接高考】(2010湖北高考)Mistakes dont just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and th
73、en making the mistake become Afavourable BpreciousCessential Dworthwhile【解析】句意：任何错误的出现都是有原因的。找出原因，那么犯错就会变得有价值。worthwhile“值得的”；favourable“有利的，支持的”；precious“珍贵的”；essential“必不可少的”。【答案】D选词填空Whatever is doing at all is doing well.It is asking him to join the club.In my opinion，the film is of being seen.【
74、答案】worth；worthworthwhileworthy(2)under the umbrella of 在的保护下，在的管理下Those who stated are under the umbrella of the superpower.那些提出声明的国家在超级大国的庇护之下。The native organizations must be formed under the umbrella of the government.这些民间组织的成立要在政府的管理之下进行。“undern.” 表示被动意义under construction 正在建设中under consideratio
75、n 在考虑中under discussion 在讨论中under repair在修理中 完成句子男孩在勇敢的士兵的保护下得救了。The boy was saved this brave soldier.据说计划仍在考虑中。It is said that the project is still 正在修建的房屋是我们的教学楼。The house is our classroom building.【答案】under the umbrella ofunder considerationunder repair16Apart from the urgent problems caused by wa
76、rs and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, starvation, disasters, AIDS and other diseases.(P51)除了战争和冲突引起的各种紧急问题外，联合国还帮助解决其成员国的其他问题，如教育匮乏、饥饿、灾难、艾滋病和其它疾病。(1)urgent adj.急迫的；紧要的；催促的What is the most urgent problem of all?最急迫的问题是什么？They are urgent for the docto
77、r to come.他们急需医生前来。urge vt.催促；力劝；强烈要求n.强烈的欲望；迫切要求urge sb.to do sth./urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人做某事urge that sb.(should)do sth.主张；力劝(用虚拟语气)urge against.极力反对 He urged on his pupils the importance of hard work.他向学生们力言用功的重要。We urged her to open her birthday gift from her boyfriend.我们催她打开她男朋友送给她的生日礼物。My
78、friends urged that I (should)apply for the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。【提示】urge 后跟从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可以省略。(2013湘潭高二检测)They urged that the library open during the vacation.Amust be kept Bis keptCwould be kept Dbe kept【解析】urge后接的宾语从句需用should do形式，should可省略。【答案】D(2)starvation n饥饿；挨饿；饿死Millions will fac
79、e starvation next year as a result of the drought.由于发生旱灾，明年将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。starve vt.(使)挨饿，饿死starve sb./sth. for sth.使某人/某物得不到所需要的事物be starving 饿得很starve to death 饿死 The animals were left to starve to death.那些动物只能等着饿死。They got lost in the desert and to death.Astarved BstarvingCbe starved Dbeing starve
80、d【解析】句意：“他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死了”。starve to death饿死。本句为并列句，由got可知，故选A。【答案】A17fetch vt.售得；卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来These carpets are decorated with beautiful traditional patterns and can fetch a high price on the international market.(P53)这些地毯装饰着传统的美丽图案，因此在国际市场上能卖得高价钱。Those old magazines wont fetch you much.那些旧杂志你卖不了多少钱。Pl
81、ease fetch me a clean handkerchief from my bedroom.请你从我卧室拿一条干净的手帕来。fetch/bring/take/carryfetch表示到别处去把某人或某物带来bring指从别处把某人或某物带来或拿来take指从这里把某人或某物带走或拿走carry意为“拿，提，扛”，没有方向性，但有负重的含义 选词填空 the empty box away and me a full one.Thank you for helping me the heavy box upstairs.She rose and a chair from the next
82、 room.While she was in hospital，her friends used to her books.【答案】Take；bringcarryfetchedbring18Neither did I(P53)我也不(知道)。此句结构为：Neither/Norbe( do，have，can.)主语，意为“也一样不”。I didnt go there，neither/nor did Mary.我没去那儿，玛丽也没去。My father has never been to Britain，nor has my mother.我爸爸从没有去过英国，我妈妈也没去过。“so be (do
83、，have，can.)主语”这一倒装结构说明前面所述的情况也适合于另一人或物，意为“也一样”。“so 主语be( do ，have，can.)”表示对前面所说的情况进一步肯定或确认，意思是“确实如此，正是那样”。So it is with.It is the same with.意为“也一样”，表示上下文叙述内容相同，主要用于前后是不同的谓语或既有肯定也有否定的情况。 The boy failed to pass the exam.So did his sister.那个男孩没有通过考试，他妹妹也是的。It was careless of you to do that.你那样做很粗心。So I
84、 was.的确如此。He is a student and studies in No.1Middle School.So it is with Mary.他是一名学生，在一中学习，玛丽也是。If Joes wife wont go to the party， Ahe will either Bneither will heChe neither will Deither he will【解析】表示乔跟他妻子一样将不出席宴会，应选用四个选项中倒装形式的“neither will he”，选项A、D不能选是因为either表示“也”而不含否定含义。【答案】BPeriod Word power &
85、 Grammar and usage(教师用书独具)教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够把虚拟语气在特殊句式中的用法用于平日的写作练习中。教学地位语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是学生学好英语的一种手段，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。教学流程设计让学生就“互动探究
86、”(见学案第72页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结果。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。1consist of 由组成/构成It consists of the first letters of each word of the name.(P55)它是由该名称的每个单词的首字母构成。The team consists of ten members.这个队伍由10名成员组成。Their diet consists largely of vegetables.他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。consist in
87、 以为要素；主要在于consist with 和一致；并存 The true wealth does not consist in what we have，but in what we are.真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们的人格。That consists with our principle.那与我们的原则相一致。【提示】consist of 不用于进行时和被动语态，相当于be made up of 或 be composed of。consist in 相当于lie in。用适当的介词填空The UN consists over 160 nations now.Actions
88、 should consist ones words.【答案】ofwith2would rather 宁愿；更喜欢I would rather you hadnt told me about it.(P56)我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。would rather 后接从句，从句要用虚拟语气。一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况，过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。would rather中rather是副词，所以would rather后接动词原形。Id rather you were happy.我宁愿你是幸福的。I would rather not accept any more chari
89、ty than I have to.我不想接受份外的恩赐。He would rather work in the countryside.他宁可到农村工作。 He is a writer, or rather a novelist.他是一个作家，或者更确切地说是一位小说家。I would watch TV at home rather than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。用rather短语完成句子Kate went by car and I she hadnt.I would describe her as handsome beautiful.She
90、got home late last night， early this morning.【答案】would ratherrather thanor rather3alternative adj.可供替代的If I had taken an alternative path and studied medicine，I would know a lot of medical knowledge.(P57)如果我有别的道路可选而去学医的话，我会了解很多的医学知识。I try to seek alternative life styles.我试着寻求其他的生活方式。alternative n可供选
91、择的事物have no alternative but to do 除了外别无选择have the alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择 There appears to be no alternative.似乎没有别的选择。We have no alternative but to leave.我们别无选择，只有离开。If you dont like the school lunch，you have the alternative of bringing your own.要是你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以自己带饭。choice/alternative/prefer
92、encechoice侧重指自由选择的权利或特权。alternative指在相互排斥的，非此即彼的两者之间作严格的选择，有时也可指在两者以上中进行选择；侧重于方法和打算。preference侧重按自己的偏见、爱好或判断等进行选择。 用choice/alternative/preference填空We each had to make a I dont know your ，so please help yourself.We have the of coffee，tea or water.【答案】choicepreferencealternative4From what you have sai
93、d，it is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular had it not done so much for children.(P57)根据你所说的，很明显如果UNICEF没有为孩子们做了那么多事情，它就不会如此地受欢迎。what 引导宾语从句is clear that 引导主语从句，该主语从句为错综时间条件句 (1)句中it is clear that.为一固定句式。即it isadj.that.It was clear that he wasnt interested in your speech.很明显他对你的讲演不感兴趣。Its cert
94、ain that most of the farmers have brought in a lot of money by all means.可以确定，大多数农民通过各种方式赚了很多钱。【对接高考】(2012课标全国卷)It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.AhowBwhichCthat Dwhat【解析】it是形式主语，空格后是一个主语从句，从句部分的动词do缺少宾语，此处所填单词既要引导主语从句，又在从句中作宾语，四个选项中有此功能的只有what。句意：总统能采取什么措施来结束这场罢工根本不为人所知
95、。【答案】D完成句子我们有必要遵守这个规则。 that we should obey the rule.显然，每个人都将在特定的时刻死去。 everyone is going to die at some point.【答案】It is necessaryIts obvious that(2)条件虚拟句省掉了if，助动词had提到主语之前，构成倒装。If you hadnt helped me yesterday，I would not have time to rest today.Had you not helped me yesterday，I would not have time t
96、o rest today.如果你昨天不帮我，我今天就不会有时间休息。句型转换 If he had followed me closely，he would be here with you now. closely，he would be here with you now.要是他紧跟着我的话，他现在就会和你在一起了。【答案】Had he followed5if only 但愿，要是就好了；只要If only there were more people donating money to charities！(P57)要是能有更多人为慈善机构捐款就好了。If only one had an endless supply of money!要有人财源不断就好了！If only they would tell me what they have decided.但愿他们能把他们的决定告诉我。if only从句(虚拟语气
