1、Unit2讲Unit 1考纲要求语言知识：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。1.考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的office n办公室officer n官员2voyage n航行；航海3native adj.本国的；本地的 n本地人；本国人4actually adv.实际上；事实上5base vt.以为根据n.基部；基地；基础basic adj.基本的；基础的6gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地7identity n本身；本体；身份id
2、entical adj.相同的，一样的identify v确定；认出；鉴定8fluent adj.流利的；流畅的fluently adv.流利地，流畅地fluency n流利，流畅9frequent adj.频繁的；常见的frequently adv.常常；频繁地frequency n频率；频度10usage n使用；用法；词语惯用法useful adj.有用的use n. & v使用，利用11command n. & vt.命令；指令；掌握commander n指挥员，司令员12request n& vt.请求；要求13expression n词语；表示；表达express v表达expre
3、ssive adj.富于表情的；有表现力的14recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的recognition n认出；认识；识别15accent n口音；腔调；重音16lightning n闪电17straight adv.直接地；挺直地 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的重点短语1because of由于；因为2come up 走近；上来3at present 现在；目前4make use of 利用5such as 例如；像这种的6play a part in 扮演一个角色；参与7ever before 从前8even if/thoug
4、h 即使9be based on 以为基础10over time 长期以来11in the early days 在早期12the same as 相同于经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的把英语作为第一语言来说，有的把它作为第二语言或外语。2Native English speakers can understand each other even if they do
5、nt speak the same kind of English.以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互交流。3Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。2. 语法基础知识 名词性从句（2）见下面考点讲解部分3. 话题语言学习见下面考点讲解部分知识点1native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的n. 本地人；出生于某国的人【归纳拓展】be native to.原产于某地 ones native country/land本国，祖国native plac
6、e出生地 ones native language本国语，本族语，母语a native of当地人/产于的动/植物【典例1】_ English that I couldnt follow her.ASo did fast thenativespeakBSo fast did thenativespeakCDid thenativespeak so fastDSo fast thenativedid speak【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个当地人讲英语是如此的快，以致于我都跟不上她。so +形容词置于句首时，句子要进性部分倒装，构成“so +adj+助动词+主语+谓语+that”的倒装，
7、故选B考点：so引起的倒装点评：so引起的倒装除了以上的形式外，类似的还有neither, nor，在句首表“也不”，句子要部分倒装，so的另外两种常见的结构： so +助动词+主语，这种结构表示主语也这样。so +主语+助动词，表示是的，他们是。是对前半句的再次肯定。【变式】1. Pandas arenative_ China.AwithBtoCforDin【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查介词析。本题考查短语be native to(指动植物等)原属于 . 的； 源于 . 的。句意：熊猫产于中国。故B正确。考点：考查介词辨析2. Whoever is_ to the demanding jo
8、b will be offered the well-paid one.AfrequentBequalCnativeDfamiliar【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。Be equal to.能胜任；与相等；be familiar to sb为某人所熟悉；句意：任何一个能胜任这份要求苛刻的工作的人将会被提供一个报酬丰厚的工作。故B正确。考点：考查固定词组点评：Be equal to.能胜任；与相等；be familiar to sb为某人所熟悉；sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某物。知识点2base vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础【归纳拓展】base s
9、th. on/upon sth.以为基础(或根据)base sb./sth./oneself in以为据点(或总部等)，把(总部等)设在【典例2】(1)This news report_(是完全根据实际情况写成的)(2)Judgment_(应该以事实为依据), not on hearsay.(3)I_(根据一个真实的故事做的这期节目)【答案】(1)is based entirely on/upon facts(2)should be based on/upon facts(3)based this program on/upon a true story【变式】There are a grea
10、t number of words in the English language _ on colors.A. based B. base C basing D. is based【答案】A考查base的用法。句意：英语中有许多与颜色相关的词汇。此处based on是过去分词作定语。相当于定语从句which are based on colors.知识点3command nC命令；指令U掌握 vt. & vi.命令；指挥；支配【归纳拓展】at ones command随心所欲地 at/by ones command奉某人之命in command of指挥；统帅 under ones comm
11、and由指挥take command of担任的指挥 have a good command of很好地掌握command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 command that.(should) do.命令【温馨提示】command后跟从句时，从句中谓语通常用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。【典例3】完成句子(1)The army is _(听从国王的支配)(2)Didnt you realize the troops were _(在他的指挥下)?(3)He _(精通) English.【答案】(1)at the kings command(2)under
12、 his command(3)has a good command of【变式】The teacher commanded that the exercises _ in an hour. Awas finishedBwere finishedCshould finish Dbe finishedD command后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”；并且the exercises和finish之间为动宾关系，故选D。知识点4request n. & vt. 请求，要求【归纳拓展】request sth. of/from sb.向某人请求某物 request sb.
13、 to do sth.请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth.请求 Its requested that.据要求at ones requestat the request of sb. 应某人之请求be in request有需要，受欢迎make a request for sth.请求，要求【典例4】根据汉语提示完成句子（1）Well, it does make a slight difference, but well_.（照你的要求办）（2）He ignored the neighbours requests that he_.（不要发出吵闹声）【
14、答案】(1) do as you request(2) （should）not make any noise【变式】The staff immediately requested that he _his decision.（重新考虑）【答案】（should）reconsider知识点5recognize vt. 辨认出；承认【归纳拓展】recognition n认出，识别 recognizable adj.可认出的 recognized adj.公认的 recognize sb. /sth. by /from.根据认出某人/事(物)recognize sb./sth. as/to be.承认
15、某人(物)是 Its recognized that.人们公认out of/beyond recognition认不出来【典例5】(1)用recognize，realize或know的适当形式填空I _ his voice on the phone just now.We _ him for about 20 years.【答案】recognizedhave known【变式】(1)完成句子Ren Yueli_(被公认为)one of the best examples to those who have big dreams. is recognized as/to be(2选择填空Even
16、 when the film star wears sunglasses or beards, people _ him Arealize Brecover Crequest Drecognize D考查动词词义辨析。Arealize意识到，Brecover恢复，Crequest要求，Drecognize认出，句意：即使当电影明星戴眼睛和留胡须的时候，人们也会认出他们。选D。知识点6compare vt. 比较;对照;比喻;比作【归纳拓展】compare with把和相比 compareto 把比作；比喻compared to/with与.相比 beyond comparison无可比拟地by
17、 comparison比较起来 in comparison with和比起来【用法指南】compared to/ with已经形成一种独立的分词形态，具有测试的特殊性，是考试的重点。【典例6】完成句子（1）A beginners painting_ （不能与相比）that of an expert, who is very different in quality. （2）When _（比较）different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similariti
18、es【答案】（1）cant be compared to（2）comparing【变式】Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared【答案】D。考查非谓语动词用法。Compare-with-,表示把-和-对比，此处a huge palace与compare的关系为动宾，故选D，过去分词作条件状语。知识点7because of因为，由于【归纳拓展】because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词。because是连
19、词，后跟从句。【典例7】同义句转换(1)We had to go to school on foot because of the rain. We had to walk to school _ it _(2)We won the game because you helped us._， we won the game.【答案】(1)because; rained(2)Because of your help【变式】选择填空David said that it was_ his strong interest in literature_ he chose the course. Abec
20、ause of; that Bbecause; so Cbecause; that Dwhy; because 【解析】A考查强调句及because of的用法。强调句的结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，这里强调的是原因，his strong interest是名词，第一空用because of，去掉强调结构这句话还是可以成立，所以是强调句，第二空填that。句意：David说正是因为他对文学非常有兴趣他才选了那个课程。选A。知识点8come up走近；(植物)长出地面；(太阳)升起；出现；被提及【归纳拓展】come up with想出；提出 come about发生c
21、ome across偶遇；偶然发现 (come upon) come along一道来；一起去；进步；赶快come back回来；记起 come on(风、雨等)到来；演出；赶快；得了吧come out出版；出来，出现；结果是 come to苏醒；总计；达到；谈到【温馨提示】 作“提出”讲时，come up为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态形式；若说“提出来”，应用come up with。【典例8】(1)He _(走到我跟前) and asked me if I knew the time.(2)Did you _(提出新的意见来)?【答案】(1)came up (to me)(2
22、)come up with any new ideas【变式】选择填空The question of drug-taking is bound to (一定要) _ at the next conference. Abe come up Bcome up Ccome up with Dbe coming up B考查动词短语的用法。固定词组be bound to do sth一定会做某事；come up出现，这个短语没有被动语态；come up with提出，想出；如果选C项，要使用被动语态。句意：吸毒这个问题在下次的会议上一定出现。故B正确。知识点10make use of利用；使用【归纳拓
23、展】make full use of充分利用 make the best use of尽量利用make good use of好好利用，合理利用 make little use of没有很好地利用be of great use很有用 go out of use不被使用，废弃come into use开始被使用 be in use在使用中bring/put.to use加以使用【注意】在学习语言的过程中应注意语言的活用以及词的搭配。How much do you know about the use that we have made_of the money？(句子中use做先行词，关系代词t
24、hat代替use，在定语从句中做make的宾语。)我们对钱的使用情况你了解多少？【典例10】(1)根据汉语提示完成句子By the 1600s Shakespeare was able to_(用比以前任何时候都大的词汇量)(2)同义句转换He made use of his free time to learn French.His free time _ to learn French.【答案】(1)make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before(2)was made use of【变式】In order to go to a famous
25、university, you must _ each of the three years in Senior High School. Amake most of Bmake best of Cmake good use for Dmake good use of D考查固定搭配。句意：为了上名牌大学，你必须充分利用你高中三年的每一年。此处make use of/make the most of 意为：利用；可以在名词use前面加上形容词修饰。如Make full use of充分利用；故D正确。知识点11play a role/part in在中担任角色；在中起作用【归纳拓展】play
26、an important role/part in在方面起重要作用play the role of sb.play/act the part of sb.(在剧中)扮演某人的角色play the leading role起主要(带头)作用【提示】play a role/part in是“动词名词介词”构成的动词短语，这类短语有两个重要考点：(1)用名词做主语，用于被动句；(2)用名词做先行词，用于定语从句。类似短语有：make use of, pay attention to等。【典例11】完成句子(1)The man _(在这部电影中扮演角色) and became popular very
27、 soon.(2)John _(起重要作用) in the success of the meeting.【答案】(1)played a part/role in this film(2)played an important role/part【变式】选择填空Clearly your own knowledge and experience will _your decision. Amake use ofBplay a part inCget along with Dget tired of B句意：显然，你的知识和经验在你的决定中会起作用。考点1：状语从句的连接词【教材原句】Native
28、 English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所说的英语不尽相同，也可以相互交流。【典例1】（2019黑龙江牡丹江一中高三期末）There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child.Aever sinceBnow thatCeven thoughDas though【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。A. ever since自从以来；B
29、. now that既然，由于；C. even though尽管，即使；D. as though好像。句意：凯特从来没有感到孤独的时候，即使她是独生子女。故C选项正确。【总结提高】句中 even if 相当于 even though, 意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。even if/though 引导的从句中可用现在时代替将来时。(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有 although, though, no matter when/what., whenever, wherever, however 等等。(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可
30、以加冠词。【变式】1_he is an adult now, he is still like a child.ANow thatBAs thoughCAs soon asDEven though【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：虽然他现在是一个成年人，但他还像个孩子。A. Now that既然；B. As though好像；C. As soon as一就；D. Even though尽管，虽然。此处表示让步“虽然”，故选D。2A cloned child may live a shorter life _it appears to be healthy and normal.Aso th
31、atBnow thatCas ifDeven if【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句。A. so that以便；B. now that既然；C. as if好像； D. even if即使、尽管。句意：克隆儿童的寿命可能很短，尽管它看起来是健康和正常的。根据句意可知此处用even if引导这个让步状语从句，故D项正确。3Why are some brands more popular than others _ the products are of similar quality?Aas thoughBeven ifCso thatDin case【答案】B【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：为什么
32、即使产品很相似，一些品牌却比其他的更流行呢？A. as though好像；B. even if 即使，虽然；C. so that因此；D. in case 以防，万一。故B选项正确。4（2019江苏期末）We are here to help because we are one family _we live in different parts of the world, said the volunteer.Ain thatBeven thoughCso thatDas though【答案】B【解析】考查语境及短语辨析。句意：“我们是来帮忙的，因为我们是一家人，即使我们生活在世界不同的地
33、方，”这位志愿者说。in that因为，由于；even though即使，纵然；so that以便，以致；as though好像，仿佛。根据语境可知“即使我们生活中不同的地方，我们还是一家人”是让步，本小题是表示让步的，故选B。5（2019江苏省如东高级中学月考）The majority of new businesses fail because,_ they have a product or service that fills a gap in the market, they usually lack the skills in sales, marketing, and admin
34、istration.Anow that Beven though Cas long as Das though【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。A. now that既然；B. even though即使；C. as long as只要；D. as though好像。句意：大多数新企业失败的原因是，即使它们拥有填补市场空白的产品或服务，它们通常缺乏销售、营销和管理方面的才能，根据句意可知此处表示让步关系，故B项正确。考点2 believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语/no such thing 没有这样的事情。【教材原句】Believe it or not, there i
35、s no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。【句法分析】(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。(2)no such thing 没有这样的事情。such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。【典例2】Im amazed to hear from my school teacher again. _， it is ten years since we met last.AIn a w
36、ord BWhats moreCThats to say DBelieve it or not【答案】D【解析】句意：想不到又一次收到学校老师的来信，信不信由你，我们上次见面还是在十年前。in a word总之；whats more而且；thats to say也就是说；believe it or not信不信由你。【变式】1（2019黑龙江期末）_, the beautiful new car in front of my home belongs to my neighbour.信不信由你，我家门前那辆漂亮的新车是我邻居的。【答案】Believe it or not 2（2019江苏高三期
37、末）General Secretary Xi Jinping apparently clarified the policy that we Chinese unconditionally aid the developing countries in need, _, without any additional conditions.习近平总书记明确表示，中国无条件援助发展中国家的政策是无条件的，信不信由你。【答案】believe it or not考点3 more.than.【教材原句】It was based more on German than the English we spe
38、ak at present. 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。【句法分析】more.than.可以看成是一种固定句式，其中的more可修饰名词、形容词、副词或动词。此句式一是表示“比更”之意，二是用于对人或物的同一性质或同一方面进行比较，表示“与其说不如说；不是而是”之意。拓展 more.than之后接含有can的从句时，表示否定意义。 He earns more money than he can spend.他赚的钱花不完。Tom has more insolence than I can stand. 汤姆的傲慢使我难以忍受。【典例3】翻译她看上去比以前漂亮多了
39、。【答案】She looks much prettier than ever before.【变式】翻译下列句子1.The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.2.She was more sad than angry when her son lied again.3.I more agree with you than I agree with Robert.【答案】1. 这本书似乎不是语法书，而是一本词典。 2. 当她的儿子再次说谎时，她的悲伤甚于愤怒。 3. 我不是同意罗伯特的话，而是同意你的话。考点4 名词性从句（2）【
40、典例4】1 不是你所做的而是你做事的方式使得我生气。（用上强调句型，名词性从句, not but , 以及定语从句） _ made me angry.2 一个工厂在原来是一片荒地的地方被建立起来。（用上名词性从句）A factory was set up in _. 【答案】1.It is not what you did but the way you did it that made me angry.2.A factory was set up in what used to be a waste land.【变式】1你昨天所说的对我们的友谊有害。(用名词性从句翻译)_2He didnt
41、 pass the test last week. It was a pity.(合并为名词性从句)_3使这所学校自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。（what引导名词性从句，admit）_ was more than 90% of the students _.【答案】1What you said yesterday is harmful to / does harm to / is bad for our friendship2It was a pity that he didnt pass the test last week.或 That he didnt pass the te
42、st last week was a pity3.What made the school proud ；were admitted to key universities 考点5话题写作语言学习【典例5】（2019广东高三）你是李华,就读于、国同学校。你写信给英文早报的编辑Bob,希望结识一位来自英语国家的笔友（pen pal）,以便相互学习对方的语言和文化:你容易相处，熟悉中国历史，喜欢中国传统音乐。内容要点：(1)写信目的；(2)自我介绍；(3)表示感谢。注意 : 1. 词数80左右;2. 开头和结尾已经给出,不算词数3. 可以适当增加细节,并将开头型结尾抄写在答题卡上,以使行文连贯。D
43、ear bob,_Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Bob,My name is Li Hua, an international school student. I am writing the letter to you to help me to find a pen pal.Im outgoing and easy-going boy, so I am fond of making friends. Now I want to make a pen pal from English-speaking country,
44、from whom I can make a good command of English language and culture. At the same time, I would like to share my favorite history and Chinese traditional music with him.I would appreciate it if you can recommend a pen pal to me. Looking forward to your early reply.Your sincerely,Li Hua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文
45、，要求写一封信。第1步：根据提示可知，本文为一封书信：你是李华,就读于、国同学校。你写信给英文早报的编辑Bob,希望结识一位来自英语国家的笔友（pen pal）,以便相互学习对方的语言和文化:你容易相处，熟悉中国历史，喜欢中国传统音乐。内容要点：(1)写信目的；(2)自我介绍；(3)表示感谢。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：an international school student（一名国际学校的学生）；to help me to find a pen pal（帮助我找一个笔友）；outgoing and easy-going boy（外向且容易相处的男孩）；fond of m
46、aking friends（喜爱交朋友）；make a good command of English language and culture（精通英语语言和文化）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。Im outgoing and easy-going boy, so I am fond of mak
47、ing friends.句中使用so引导的并列句；Now I want to make a pen pal from English-speaking country, from whom I can make a good command of English language and culture.句中使用定语从句；I would appreciate it if you can recommend a pen pal to me.句中使用if引导的从句。【变式】（2019天津高考模拟）假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津，应邀参加学校组织的“英语学习师生座谈会”，请你根据下面所提示的信息，用英
48、语写一篇发言稿，简单介绍自己英语学习的情况，并对学校今后的英语教学提出建议。1. 自己英语学习的情况：学习方法、习惯等；2. 对学校英语教学的建议(请考生根据自己的经历与感想，提出两至三点建议)。注意：1. 词数不少于100。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。2. 文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。Dear teacher and schoolmates,Its a great pleasure for me to be here and share my experience ._Thank you for listening.【答案】Dear teacher and schoolmate
49、s,Its a great pleasure for me to be here and share my experience of learning English with you.To begin with, we should learn to learn efficiently, adopting some effective methods. Besides, developing a good habit is also of importance. It really benefits me a lot to preview lessons, get actively inv
50、olved in class, and review what has been taught after class. Most importantly, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio and consult some English information from the Internet and other sources in my spare time, which helps to improve my English.Now, Id like to make some suggestions
51、on English teaching in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what weve learned in class. Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines in order to make us better understand English. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, suc
52、h as English contests and English corners.Thank you for listening.【解析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求写一篇发言稿。第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一篇发言稿：假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津，应邀参加学校组织的“英语学习师生座谈会”，请你根据下面所提示的信息，用英语写一篇发言稿，简单介绍自己英语学习的情况，并对学校今后的英语教学提出建议。包括：1. 自己英语学习的情况：学习方法、习惯等；2. 对学校英语教学的建议(请考生根据自己的经历与感想，提出两至三点建议)。时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；ef
53、ficiently（高效地），adopt（采用），effective（有效的），method（方法），habit（习惯），preview（预习），consult（查阅），improve（改进），benefit（使受益）及actively（积极地）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句
54、式，高级词汇有get involved in（参与），listen to（听），would like to (愿意)，in order to（为了）以及such（例如），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Most importantly, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio and consult some English information from the Internet and other sources in my spare time, which helps to improve my English
55、.”，状语从句“Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines in order to make us better understand English.”，非谓语动词“To begin with, we should learn to learn efficiently, adopting some effective methods.”及“Besides, developing a good habit is also of importance.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
