1、Period Six语法感知Unit 12 Culture Shock Period Six Grammar 课件（北师大版必修 4）.用所给词的适当形式完成课文原句1.Im just so glad you can afford(visit)me and I refuse(let)you pay for anything while youre here!2.I thought Id tell you a bit about what you can expect(find).3.To avoid(get)confused about the British tipping system，y
2、ou need(check)your bill to see if a tip is included or not.to visit to let to find getting to check 本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six4.If it isnt，I suggest(leave)10%of the bill for the waiter or waitress.5.I think we should consider(stay)in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy(hike
3、).6.I have learnt which ones are tasty and safe to eat so we wont risk(get)sick!语法感知leaving staying hiking getting 本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six.完成句子1.Ive always been outgoing but since(一次令人尴尬的经历)in a New York restaurant Ive been much more cautious.2.I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my America
4、n friend Janice at the table when I noticed people(正在盯着我们看).3.What he did (是令人惊异的).4.When I visited China，we saw the tour guide(穿着一件相当漂亮的毛皮外套)on the day we left.5.I told her the coat suited her，but she looked very embarrassed，(说)it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago.语法感知an embarrassingex
5、perience staring at us was amazing wearing a verysaying that pretty fur coat 本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six.跟动名词或不定式作宾语的动词1.只接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语英语中有些动词及短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：afford 负担得起；agree 同意；attempt 尝试，试图；choose 选择；desire 渴望；determine 决心；decide决定；expect 期望；hope 希望；learn 学习；manage 设法；offer 主动提出；plan 计
6、划；pretend 假装；promise 许诺；refuse 拒绝；wish 希望；set out 着手；would like 想做等。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixI cant afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs.我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的纪念品上。I expect to be back as soon as possible.我盼着尽早回来。At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs.最后我总算把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。2.只接动名词作宾语的动
7、词及短语英语中有些动词及短语必须接动名词作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：admit 承认；appreciate 感激；avoid 避免；consider考虑；delay 延迟；deny 否认；enjoy 喜欢；escape 逃脱；finish完成；imagine 想像；mind 介意；miss 错过；postpone 推迟；practise 练习；resist 抵抗；risk 冒险；suggest 建议；insist on坚持；stand 忍受；keep 保持等。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six另外，admit to 承认；be used to 习惯于；be ac
8、customed to习惯于；lead to 导致；devote oneself to 献身于；object to 反对；stick to 坚持；look forward to 期望，盼望等短语中的 to 为介词，也接动名词作宾语。Have you ever considered going abroad for further education?你考虑过去国外深造吗？You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office.如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。He has been lo
9、oking forward to going to England for a long time.好久以来他一直盼望去英国。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six3.有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有：动词宾语的形式意义 to do忘记做forgetdoing忘记做过 to do 记着要去做 rememberdoing 记得做过 to do 遗憾/抱歉要做regretdoing 后悔做了 语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six动词宾语的形式意义 to do尽力做trydoing尝试做 to do 打算做me
10、andoing 意味着 to do 停下来去做另一件事stopdoing 停止做某事 to do 接着做(另外一件事)go ondoing 接着做(同一件事)语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixShe told me to go and lock the door.She didnt remember locking the door after supper.她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.你离开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。The
11、y didnt mean to go and help you.他们不打算去帮助你们。His words meant going to help you without delay.他的话意味着他将毫不迟疑地前去帮助你们。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six4.need，want，require 等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。Your house needs repairing/to be repaired.你的房子需要维修。The problem requires solving/to be
12、solved immediately.这个问题需要立即予以解决。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six5.在动词 allow，advise，forbid，permit 后面直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth.允许/禁止/建议干某事；allow/permit/forbid/advise sb.to do sth.允许/禁止/建议某人干某事。He forbids smoking during office hours.他禁止在办公时间抽烟。Allow
13、me to congratulate you on your great success.让我向您了不起的成功祝贺。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six题组训练 1用所给词的适当形式填空(1)He promised(come)，but he hasnt arrived.(2)The boy attempted(make)a model plane but failed.(3)I would appreciate your(call)back this afternoon.(4)He is a man of strong self-respect，so he cant
14、stand(laugh)at in public.(5)Having finished the exercises，we went on(learn)the new words in the next unit.(6)I remembered(lock)the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.语法感知to come to make calling being laughed to learn to lock 本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six.现在分词现在分词是由动词原形加词尾-
15、ing 构成，因此又叫-ing 分词。现在分词不能独自作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。1.现在分词的形式现在分词的时态和语态形式如下表所示：主动式被动式一般式(not)doing(not)being done完成式(not)having done(not)having been done语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(1)现在分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作。Being a student，he is interested in books.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。(2)现在分词的完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。Not h
16、aving studied his lessons very hard，he failed the examination.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。(3)现在分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者。根据现在分词动作发生的时间，其被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixThe question being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been criticized by the teacher，
17、he gave up smoking.被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。2.现在分词的语法作用现在分词相当于一个形容词或副词，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。(1)现在分词(短语)作表语What you said is really inspiring.你所说的真令人鼓舞。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(2)现在分词作定语单个的现在分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面；现在分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。a waiting car 一辆等待着的车a sleeping child 一个酣睡的孩子the exciting news 令人振奋的消息
18、a boring speech 令人乏味的演讲They lived in a house facing south(which faces south).他们住在一座朝南的房子里。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(3)现在分词作状语现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词 when，while 引出。While reading the book，he nodded from time to time.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。
19、Not knowing his address，I cant send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six现在分词短语作结果状语。His father died，leaving him a lot of money.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。现在分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。现
20、在分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。Knowing all this，they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。注意：上述现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(4)现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词可以在 see，hear，notice，watch，feel，look at，listen to，observe，have，get，leave，keep，catch，find 等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语，作宾语补足语。I noticed
21、 a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷食物。“with/without名词普通格式或代词宾格现在分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixHis hair became grey with the years passing.随
22、着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。Without anyone noticing，he slipped through the window.没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six题组训练 2用所给词的适当形式填空1.When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，(tell)me stories till I fell asleep.2.The room is empty except for a bookshelf(stand)in one corner.3.I heard her(sing)an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.4.Traveling is (interest)，but we often feel(tire)when we get back.5.(eat)at the cafeteria before，Tina didnt want to eat there again.Vocabulary Breakthrough语法感知telling standing singing interesting tired Having eaten 本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备
