1、2014届高考英语二轮复习 三月精品练习阅读理解931Japans post-World War II value system of diligence, cooperation, and hard work is changing. Recent surveys show that Japanese youth have become a Me Generation that rejects traditional values. Many Japanese, especially young people, abandoned the values of economic success
2、 and began searching for new sets of values to bring them happiness, writes sociologist Yasuhiro Yoshizaki in Comparative Civilizations Review. Japanese youth are placing more importance on the individuals pursuit of happiness and less on the values of work, family, and society. Japanese students se
3、em to be losing patience with work, unlike their counterparts in the United States and Korea. In a recent survey of college students in the three countries, only 10% of the Japanese regarded work as a primary value, compared with 47% of their Korean counterparts and 27% of American students. A great
4、er proportion of Japanese aged 18 to 24 also preferred easy jobs without heavy responsibility.Concern for family values is waning among younger Japanese as they pursue an inner world of private satisfaction. Data collected by the Japanese government in 2005 shows that only 23% of Japanese youth are
5、thinking about supporting their aged parents, in contrast to 63% of young Americans. It appears that many younger-generation Japanese are losing both respect for their parents and a sense of responsibility to the family. Author Yoshizaki attributes the change to Japanese parents over-indulgence of t
6、heir children, material affluence, and growing concern for private matters.The shift toward individualism among Japanese is most pronounced among the very young. According to 2003 data from the Seimei Hoken Bunka Center of Japan, 75% of Japanese youth aged 16 to 19 can be labeled self-centered, comp
7、ared with 53% among those aged 25 to 29. To earn the self-centered label, the young people responded positively to such ideas as I would like to make decisions without considering traditional values and I dont want to do anything I cant enjoy doing.Diminishing social responsibility, according to Yos
8、hizaki, is tied to the growing interest in pleasure and personal satisfaction. Yoshizaki concludes that the entire value system of Japanese youth is undergoing major transformation, but the younger generation has not yet found a new organized value system to replace the old.1. Whats the meaning of t
9、he underlined word “waning” in paragraph 3? A. becoming less B. increasing C. missing D. becoming popular2. What is Yoshizakis attitude towards most Japanese parents way of parenting? A. Supportive B. Negative C. Satisfied D. Worried3. What might be one of the possible reasons of Japanese young peop
10、les change? A. World War II leaves such a heavy impact on them that they have lost the interest of work. B. Most of them are the only child at home so they dont need to work hard.C. Japanese younger generation place too much emphasis on personal satisfaction and interest now. D. Most of the younger
11、generation lose the confidence in their own country so they dont work hard.4. Why do we say that Japanese youth have become a “Me Generation”?a. Because they dont regard a better education a pride.b. Because a greater proportion of Japanese young people prefer easy jobs without heavy responsibility.
12、c. Because most of the teenagers become self-centered according to the 2003 survey.d. Because only 10% of the Japanese young people regard work as a primary value. A. a B. a, b C. b, d D. b, c, d5. According to the survey, which countrys young people work harder? A. Japanese B. Korean C. American D.
13、 ChineseThe modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896, began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations, with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship. In the beginning, the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity-from spor
14、ts to science or the arts-is purely for pleasure. Amateurs, whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation ; professionals, in contrast, perform their work in order to earn a living. From the perspective of many athletes, however, the Olympic playing field has bee
15、n far from level. Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（妨碍） the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always desired to send their best athletes, not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games. A slender and imprecise line separates what we call “finan
16、cial support” from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（补偿） for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time lost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Liddell was the son of poor missionaries;
17、 in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his trip to the Olympics, where he won a gold and a bronze medal. College scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee made it possible for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and
18、 compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs. In 1971
19、the International Olympic Committee (IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games. There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olymp
20、ic Games. For them the games lost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, h
21、owever, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.2 One might infer that _. A.developing Olympic-level skills in athletes is costlyB.professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewardsC.amateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is pl
22、ayedD.amateurs have a better attitude than professionals do3 The statement “the Olympic playing field has been far from level” means that_.A.the ground the athletes played on was in bad conditionB.the poorer players were given some advantagesC.the rules did not work the same way for everyoneD.amateu
23、rs were inferior to the professionals in many ways4 The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared to _.A.a gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthdayB.money received from a winning lottery ticketC.an allowance paid to a childD.money from charity o
24、rganization5 One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _.A.has held firm to its original vision of the Olympic gamesB.has struggled with the definition of amateur over the yearsC.regards itself as an organization for professional athletes onlyD.did nothing but stop allowing communists t
25、o participateFor about three years now, I have been writing poetry. It was not until my junior year in high school that I developed an interest, love and skill for writing poetry. Back in elementary school, I loved to write stories. I would write stories on post-it notes and anywhere I could. Yet wh
26、en I had to write a limerick(五行打油诗) for an assignment, I could not wrap my head around poetry. I had a very hard time figuring out how to rhyme words and have the words make sense. I eventually tossed the paper with the attempted limerick in the trash. I did not try my hand at poetry again until sev
27、eral years later. Many years later in my freshman year of high school, my English teacher gave my class a poetry project as an assignment. I still remember my limerick assignment and was afraid of doing the poetry project. For the project, we had to analyze a poem and write a response to it. I chose
28、 to respond to Robert Frosts poem Fire and Ice. I also wrote my own poem first. I became really excited when writing the poem. Two years later, I started writing poetry as a hobby and for fun. To learn how good or bad my poems were, I handed them in to some magazines and contests. I won second place
29、 in the North Carolina Poetry Societys Sherry Pruitt Award Contest with a poem called The Ocean, and had my two poems published as high merit(优等) poems. I have continued to write poetry, and have even self-published three collections of poetry in both print and e-book formats, which can be found at
30、my store on Lulu. Now, I love writing poetry, but I dont hate writing short stories. I just find it more difficult and not my style of writing, even though I still write short stories occasionally.6When the author was a pupil, he _. A. liked writing stories B. was good at writing poetry C. could und
31、erstand poetry well D. was often praised by his teacher7When given the poetry project in high school, the author was_. A. excited B. annoyed C. confident D. worried8The author took up writing poetry as a hobby when he_. A. was in Grade Three in high school B. worked as a storekeeper C. was in Grade
32、One in high school D. was at college9How did the author increase his confidence in writing poetry? A. He wrote a lot of poems and asked advice from his teacher. B. He published three collections of poetry by himself. C. He submitted his poems to magazines and contests. D. He gave up writing stories
33、and only wrote poetry.10BEIJING Chinas education authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of “extra credits” for the national college entrance examination to ensure a fairer chance for all exam-takers.Under the policy, high school students who win awards in national Olympic competitions c
34、ould get extra credits up to 20 points for the national college entrance exam. Students with talent in sports and students who are from ethnic groups can also benefit from this policy. The extra credits have increased these students chances of being admitted by famous universities. Some parents were
35、 found to have helped their children fabricate(伪造)award experiences or falsify qualifications to get extra credits.“It has harmed education equality，” the ministry said.Xiong Bingqi, vice-chief of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said the policy is designed to help students who have sp
36、ecial talents but may be weak in academic performance to have a chance to receive higher education. uIt will still be needed but it is time to make the rules fairer, he said.The ministry said it will reduce the range of competitions whose winners can get extra credits, and limit the winners, privile
37、ges(优先权).The new policy will apply to students who begin high school in 2011, it said.Chen Lei, a mother of a 10-year-old girl, said she welcomed the ministrys policy adjustment as she does not want her daughter to become an Olympic competition geek.But not all the Chinese parents welcomed the new p
38、olicy. “It is like a thunderbolt for me. My - 13-year-old son has spent so much time studying Olympic math，and participated in so many technological competitions during vacations. It is useless now,” said Dong Wen, a 43-year-old mother.A student said, “Many students have changed the current study pl
39、an, and they can abandon the competition. I will be interested in learning the courses which can improve my abilities.”Yuan Guiren, minister of education, told China Daily that the reform is an attempt to consider the overall quality of an applicant. “But the country will not stop the national colle
40、ge entrance examination as it is still the most objective way to evaluate talent in China，” lie said.【小题1】It can be inferred from the passage that_.A. high school students with talent in sports are weak in academic performanceB. students who win awards in Olympic competitions cant get extra credits
41、in 2011C. the number of competitions whose winners can get extra credits will be smallerD. the extra credits have reduced students chances of being admitted by famous colleges【小题2】What does the underlined word “geek” probably mean?A. a winner B. a smart learner C. a competitor D. a dull student【小题3】
42、Which person in the passage was strongly against the new policy?A. Xiong Bingqi B. Chen Lei C. Dong Wen D. Yuan Guiren【小题4】What might be the best title for the text?A. “Extra credits policy in China to be adjustedB. Promotion of national Olympic competitionsC. Advice on the national college entrance
43、 examD. Chinese government to push education reform参考答案1【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】D【小题5】B【解析】2A3C4C5B【解析】试题分析：本文叙述了奥运会的历史，最初，奥运会是由业余爱好者参加的，他们不需要给钱，只是为了娱乐，到后来为了通过体育运动推进世界和平，才有了各国派出的专业的运动员参加的奥运会。2推理判断题。根据they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals.
44、 可以推出培养一个运动员花费是很大的，故选A。3细节理解题。根据Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（妨碍） the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid.故选C。4细节理解题。根据Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was no
45、t considered payment for jobs.所以苏维埃政府给运动员的钱就像给孩子的零花钱，故选C。5推理判断题。根据Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.故选B。考点：历史类短文阅读。点评：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了做出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是
46、通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。6A7D8A9C【解析】本文作者叙述了自己写诗的经历。6细节理解题。根据第二段Back in elementary school, I loved to write stories可知，答案为A。7推理判断题。根据第三段I still remember my limerick assignment and was afraid of doing the poetry project可推断，答案为D。8推理判断题。根据第三段Many years later in my freshman year o
47、f high school 和第四段Two years later, I started writing poetry as a hobby and for fun可推断，答案为A。9细节理解题。根据第四段To learn how good or bad my poems were, I handed them in to some magazines and contests可知，答案为C。10【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】A【解析】试题分析：这篇文章讲的是为了公平起见，高考加分政策需要调整。新政策实施的时间和调整范围，以及家长学生的不同反应。【小题1】细节题：从第五段的句子
48、：The ministry said it will reduce the range of competitions whose winners can get extra credits, 可知新政策规定可以加分的比赛会减少，选C【小题2】猜词题：从前面的句子：she welcomed the ministrys policy adjustment 说明这个妈妈不想自己的孩子成为整天研究奥赛的乏味的人。选D【小题3】推理题：从第八段的句子：“It is like a thunderbolt for me. My - 13-year-old son has spent so much tim
49、e studying Olympic math，and participated in so many technological competitions during vacations. It is useless now,” said Dong Wen,可知Dong Wen是强烈反对这项政策的人。选C【小题4】主旨题：从第一段的句子：Chinas education authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of “extra credits”可知这篇文章讲的是高考加分政策需要调整。选A考点：考查教育类短文点评：这篇文章讲的
50、是为了公平起见，高考加分政策需要调整。新政策实施的时间和调整范围，以及家长学生的不同反应。考查细节题较多，要求考生能根据上下文的语义串联和题目的具体要求，做出适当的延伸和推理。 标题题要立足全篇，抓住主题句，就能选出恰当的标题。11【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】D【解析】试题分析：本文向我们介绍了宇航员在太空中是如何打发他们的自由利用的时间的。【小题1】词义猜测题。根据第一段第四句“They work five days on and two days off”可知，这和在地球上的工作时间一致，所以这样做的目的是尽可能地模仿地球上的正常生活，所以选B。【小题2】推理判断题。根据
51、第二段第二句“Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photo, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating可知，宇航员的家人是体贴的，考虑周到的。选A。【小题3】细节理解题。根据第三段“the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth.”可知，宇航员喜欢在太空看地球。选D。【小题4】主旨题：本文主要向我们介绍了宇航员在休息时做的事， 所以选D项考点：考查日常生活类说明文版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网()
