1、高考资源网（ ），您身边的高考专家专题限时训练(二十六)科普知识型阅读理解(二)(限时：25分钟)(一)Studying volcanoes is a demanding profession. Hazel Rymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb 200 metres into the crater of active volcanoes. But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to mak
2、e it sound less alarming than it is. “Driving to work is more risky，” she insists. “And the deepest I go into the crater of a volcano is about 300 metres，” she adds, trying to make it all sound as ordinary as taking the dog for a walk. Hazel has been studying volcanoes for a long time, so its not su
3、rprising that she is used to the danger. Her interest in volcanoes began at school. A teacher gave her a book about Pompeii. “I remember reading about the eruption of Vesuvius and the destruction of the city，” she explains. “The thought of all those people just frozen in time had quite an effect on
4、me and I am still excited by their dangerous beauty today.” Nowadays, volcanoes are getting more and more unpredictable. There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps. These have resulted in some dormant volcanoes erupting, so studying them is more dangerous
5、 than ever before. Hazel says that although she doesnt take any unnecessary risk, she has had some frightening moments. Her worst experience was on the slopes of Mount Etna in Sicily, when she was slowly surrounded by lava. “I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just wal
6、king across it，” she explains. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream. “I guess it was five metres. The flow was 1，000， so if you hesitated your boots would begin to melt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasnt time to do anything else.” And what
7、 about the future? “I havent been to the volcanoes in Indonesia yet. And I would love to spend some time working in the Antarctic，” she says. “I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang.” In other words, Hazel Rymer wont be exchanging her
8、 volcanoes for the relative safety of Driving to work just yet. 1. Hazels claim that “Driving to work is more risky” than exploring volcanoes shows that _. A. people have exaggerated the dangers of volcanoes in the past B. Hazel does not really understand the dangerous situations she puts herself in
9、 C. there are many bad drivers in the place where Hazel lives D. Hazel is being modest and understating the dangers she faces 2. When did Hazel first become interested in volcanoes? A. When she was visiting Italy. B. When she was at school. C. When she was twenty. D. When she saw Vesuvius. 3. The un
10、derlined word “These” (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. melting icecaps B. volcanic eruptions C. changes in sea level D. higher temperatures 4. When Hazel was on Mount Etna she had to _. A. take a dangerous route B. take an unnecessary risk C. leave her boots behind D. walk for ten hours around the moun
11、tain 5In the future, Hazel wants to _. A. revisit volcanoes she knows B. go on holiday to the Antarctic C. find a less dangerous job D. discover new things about volcanoes(二)Europes deadly outbreak of a rare form of Ecoli(大肠杆菌) bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. Ecoli bacteria
12、 naturally live in the intestines(肠) of humans and many animals. Most kinds of Ecoli are harmless but some can make people sick.One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made the
13、m sick? Of course, one way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This_is_easier_said_than_done,_but scientists keep looking for new ways.Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner. The inspect
14、ion system is fixed in the packing houses where produce is sorted for market. The system is designed to identify the produce polluted by soil or animal waste. The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.Scientists designed the system at
15、a Department of Agriculture research centre in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team.MOON KIM: “We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to test the polluted produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample.”The scanner uses a highspee
16、d camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. A spectrograph device can use the light to check an apple to show evidence of damage. Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available
17、before long.MOON KIM: “We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years.”The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventors hope
18、 to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.1. The passage mainly talks about _A. the danger of Ecoli bacteria to healthB. the way to avoid getting sick from foodC. a system to test the polluted produceD. the new attention to food safety issues2According to the passage, we know the new
19、scanner _A. has already used in the supermarketB. is perfect to find out the polluted appleC. is still in test and need to improveD. can also damage the bacteria in the food3What can we learn from the passage?A. Most of the Ecoli is dangerous to the peoples health.B. The damage in the fruit might ca
20、use it difficult to sell out.C. Now the system can take the pictures of each piece of fruit.D. The scanner is put on a moving belt while testing the produce.4. By saying “This is easier said than done” in Paragraph 2, the writer wants to _A. show the difficulty in finding the bad bacteria from the f
21、ood supplyB. show the scientists hardship in finding a new way to heal the diseaseC. express his/her anger to the businessmen from selling the polluted foodD. express his/her worry about the dangerous issue in todays food safety5This passage can be classified as _A. an advertisement B. a book review
22、C. a feature story D. a news report(三)Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pals number, keep you warm during cold weather and operate your computer? This is not a fantasy. A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothes that have minds of their own! Scie
23、ntists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended(混合) with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. The result are electronic garments.If you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. These designer clothes are wirefree
24、, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic device, these hightech clothes have to be powered. Currently, a tiny ninevolt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. “These clothes are 100 percent shock
25、proof，” they say.The Electrotextiles team has also created the worlds first cloth keyboard. This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These “laptap” gadgets(小器具) are all set to take over laptop computers!Another useful g
26、arment is the shirtcummobile phone. This_handy_invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! Other popular electronic wear include the denim(牛仔布) jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(风帽) and the electronic ski jacket with a builtin heater. The ski jacket is als
27、o programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new projecta necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. What
28、 is the next? Do you have any idea?1. The electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that _A. they feel smooth and soft B. they use electricity as powerC. they can be washed in water D. they are made from flexible materials2. How will researchers improve these hightech clothes?A.
29、 Body heat will be used as power. B. The wearer will not get shocked.C. A tiny ninevolt battery will work. D. They will get charged automatically.3. What does the underlined phrase “This handy invention” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The laptop computer. B. The electronic ski jacket.C. The shirtcummobi
30、le phone. D. The worlds first cloth keyboard.4. If you are going on a ski adventure, which device do you need?A. The cloth keyboard. B. The electronic ski jacket.C. The necktie to be used as a mouse. D. The denim jacket with earphones.5The main purpose of the text is _A. to advertise for an English
31、company B. to predict the future trend of scienceC. to show how rapidly science develops D. to introduce some intelligent clothing专题限时训练(二十六)(一)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了火山学家Hazel Rymer对火山的一些研究行动。1D 推理判断题。由此句话的前一句“But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is.”以及此句话可知，H
32、azel Rymer说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可以得知，她是谦虚的，并且淡化其面临的危险。2B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Her interest in volcanoes began at school.”可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣。3C 代词指代题。由画线词的前一句话“There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps.”可知，是海水高度的变化导致休眠火山的爆发，故C正确。4A 细节理解题。由第三段最后几句“I had a choice of walking
33、 ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it，she explains. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream.I guess it was five metres. The flow was 1，000， so if you hesitated your boots would begin to melt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisiont
34、here wasnt time to do anything else.”可知，她选择了从熔岩流中走过，这是一条更危险的路。5D 细节理解题。由最后一段的内容“I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang”可知，Hazel将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。(二)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了美国科学家开发了一种使用高科技光学扫描仪的实验系统。1C 主旨大意题。由本文的内容以及其主题句，即第三段第一句“Scientists in
35、 the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种用来检测被污染的产品的实验系统，故选C项。2C 细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.”以及本文最后一句“The inventors hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surfa
36、ce.”可知这一扫描仪还在试验当中且需要改进，故选C项。3B 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.”可知水果损害之后更难吸引购物者，也就会导致其很难卖出。4A 细节理解题。由画线词前一句“one way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply.”可知，要从食物的来源里找到有害的病菌是有困难的。5D 推理判断题。由文章中把MOON KIM
37、说话的内容直接引入的形式来看，本文应该是一篇新闻报道。(三)【要点综述】 衣服能用来打电话、听音乐、取暖和操作电脑吗？这已经不再是幻想了，英国公司Electrotextiles就已经开发出几款这样的高科技电子服饰呢！1B细节理解题。根据第三段“Like any electronic device, these hightech clothes have to be powered.”可知，电子服装与其他电子设备的相同点在于它们都使用电力作动力，故选B项。2A细节理解题。根据第三段“But the researchers hope that in the near future the clot
38、hes will generate electricity by using body heat.”可知，研究者将用体热给电子服装发电，故选A项。3C词义猜测题。根据第五段“Another useful garment is the shirtcummobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel！”两句之间的关系可判断选C项。4B推理判断题。根据第五段“The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.”可推断这种滑雪衫适合滑雪探险时用，故选B项。5D推理判断题。根据第二段可知，本文旨在介绍英国公司Electrotextiles所开发出来的高科技电子服饰，故选D项。欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。
