1、2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题-阅读理解推理判断1 Passage * (典型例题) Giving Back Fair Way The Westborough High School golf team had taken the of- ficial photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappoint- ed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough in- structor Greg Rota noticed something wrong on one o
2、f the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Woburn High had won. No one would have known, said Woburns instructor, Bob Doraru For Rota, it wasnt a difficult decision. The prize wasnt ours to take. Coin StarsCollege students are lazy, but they also want to h
3、elp says University of Pennsylvania graduate Dana Hork. So she made it easy, placing cups in rooms where students could leave their spare coins, and handing out cups to first-year students to keep in their rooms. Her Change for Change effort has collected $ 40,000 for charities (慈善机构) , which were d
4、ecided upon by students. Never Forgotten A school in Massachusetts received a $ 9. 5 million check from Jacques LeBermuth But it took officials several days of digging to discover his connection to the school Records showed the LeBermuth came from Belgium and studied in the school in the 1920s. When
5、 his family fell on hard times, he was offered free room and board. LeBermuth became a trader, owned shares of AT&T and lived off the earnings until he died, at age 89. 1. What did Greg Rota probably do in the end? A. Took photos of Doran. B. Had a meeting with Doran. C. Returned the prize to the or
6、ganizer. D. Apologized to Woburn High Schook 答案: C 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。获奖队 的教练自己发现了错误，而且决定这个奖不能拿，那么接下来推断肯定是要把奖送回去。2. Greg Rotas decision shows that he was _. A. honest B. polite C. careful D. friendly 答案: A 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。从Greg Rota自己发现错误到决定把奖送回，表明他性格中的诚实。因此答案为honest3. The underlined word Cha
7、nge in the second paragraph means_. A. Idea B. Decision C. Cups D. Coins 答案: D 指导：考查猜测词义的能力。Change for Change中的第一个change指的是“零钱”，第二个change是表示“变化”。两个change在一起肯定意思不同，关键在于首先应该明白change的不同含义，再根据文章内容进行判断。因为募集的零钱都捐给了慈善机构，改变了其他一些人的生活。所以介词for后面的change应该是目的表“变化”，那么第一个就是“零钱”。4. What did the school officials do
8、after receiving the check from Mr. LeBermuth? A They tried to find out why he gave them the money. B. They went to Belgium to pay their respects to him. C. They dug out the records that were buried underground. D. They decided to offer their students free room and board. 答案: A 指导：考查对文章事实细节的理解，依据是第三段
9、文字的第二句话。 5. Jacques LBermuth gave the money to the school because_. A. the school asked for it B. he had no need for that much money C. the school had helped him in the past D. he wanted to be remembered by the students 答案: C 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。学校在Jacques LeB-ermuth困难的时候帮助过他，所以他寄来950万美元的支票回报学校。Pss
10、age * (典型例题) It was an early September day, cool and bright and just right for running, and I was in the first few miles of a 10-mile race over a course (路线) with a few high hills. Still, I felt energetic; despite the hills it was going to be a fine run. Just ahead of me was Peggy Mimno, a teacher f
11、rom Mount Kisco, New York. She too was running easily, moving along at my speed. The pace(步速) felt comfortable, so 1 decided to stay where I was; why pay attention to pace when she was setting such a nice one? Id overtake (追上) her later on when she tired. So I ran behind her. The course headed north
12、 for five miles, wandered west for a hilly mile, then turned south again along a winding road. The race was getting harder. We had four miles left and already it was beginning to be real work. Peggy overtook a young runner. She seemed to know him, for they exchanged a few cheerful words as she passe
13、d him. Their exchange worried me. You dont chat during a race unless you are feeling good, and Peggy plainly was. Still, I was close enough to overtake her if she tired, so I didnt give up hope completely. We were getting nearer to a long punishing hill now and it would be the test. We were a mile f
14、rom the finish line, so whatever happened on the hill would almost certainly determine who crossed it first. As I moved up the hill, my attention wandered for a few minutes. When I looked up, Peggy was moving away-first five yards, then ten, then more. Finally it was clear that there was no hope of
15、catching her. She beat me soundly.There is an important lesson in that race. Women are thought to be weaker, slower and not nearly as skilled in sport. Yet as Peggy Mimno so clearly showed, the similarities between men and women runners are more important than the differences. I have run with a numb
16、er of women, and I can say that it is often hard work. 1. What did the writer think of the race in the beginning? A. It would be hard work. C. It would be an easy race. C. It would be a test of his strength. D. It would be a good learning experience. 答案: B 指导：首先要审清题干，注意题干中的inthebeginning。 本文第一段、第二段中
17、的一些词如energetic，a fine run，running easily，comfortable等都反映出作者开始认为这场比赛不会很难。2. What worried the writer when Peggy greeted the young runner? A. Peggy overtook the young runner. B. Peggy was running energetically. C. Peggy was laughing at the writer. D. Peggy paid no attention to the writer. 答案: B 指导：由第四段
18、倒数第一句You dont chat during a race unless you are feeling good”可知作者认为：你在比赛中聊天表示你感觉很好。而上句peggy恰恰在比赛中聊天反映出作者认为Peggy在比赛中的感觉，作为Peggy的对手，他当然很担心。3. By saying a long, punishing hill(Paragraph 5) , the writer implies that_. A. Peggy would fail to reach the hilltop B. men are more skilled at climbing hills C.
19、overtaking Peggy would be easy D. climbing the hill would be a demanding task 答案: D 指导：下句中的test一词，能够反映作者当时的感觉，所以D为最佳选项。4. What lesson does the writer learn from the race? A. Women are as good as men in sport. B. Women are better at climbing hills. C. He should have more training in a cross-country r
20、ace. D. He should set a quicker pace at the beginning of a race.答案: A 指导：文章倒数第一段倒数第一、二句是做此题的关键句。Passage*(典型例题) Deserts are found where there is little rainfall or where rain for a whole year falls in only a few weeks time. Ten inches of rain may be enough for many plants to survive (存活) if the rain
21、is spread throughout the year. If it falls within one or two months and the rest of the year is dry, those plants may die and a desert may form.Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down. Sand dunes (沙丘) are formed as winds move the sand across
22、 the desert. Bit by bit, the dunes grow over the years, always moving with the winds and changing the shape. Most of them are only a few feet tall, but they can grow to be several hundred feet high. There is, however, much more to a desert than sand. In the deserts of the southwestern United States,
23、 cliffs (悬崖) and deep valleys were formed from thick mud that once lay beneath a sea more than millions of years ago. Over the centuries, the water dried up. Wind, sand, rain, heat and cold all wore away at the remaining rocks. The faces of the desert mountains are always changing-very, very slowly-
24、as these forces of nature continue to work on the rock.Most deserts have a surprising variety of life. There are plants, animals and insects that have adapted to life in the deserr. During the heat of the day, a visitor may see very few signs of living things, but as the air begins to cool in the ev
25、ening, the desert comes to life. As the sun begins to rise again in the sky, the desert once again becomes quiet and lonely. 1. Many plants may survive in deserts when_. A. the rain is spread out in a year B. the rain falls only in a few weeks C. there is little rain in a year D. it is dry all the y
26、ear round . 答案: A 指导：通过第一段内容可推出，此外作为中学生都应该有这样的常识，这题应是一个送分题。2. Sand dunes are formed when_. A. sand piles up gradually B. there is plenty of rain in a year C. the sea has dried up over the years D. pieces of rock get smaller 答案: A 指导：第二段第二句给出了明确答案。3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph pro
27、bably means that in a desert there is_. A. too much sand B. more sand than before C. nothing except sandD. something else besides sand 答案: D 指导：首先理解画线句子中的morethan(与相比多于，不只是)，然后根据本段其他句子进行推断。划线部分在本段是topic sentence，其他的句子是supporting sentence. 如果不明白主题句，可从支撑句中去推断，反之也是如此。4. It can be learned from the text
28、that in a desert_. A. there is no rainfall throughout the year B. life exists in rough conditions C. all sand dunes are a few feet high D. rocks are worn away only by wind and heat 答案： B 指导：文章最后一段介绍了一些生活在严酷环境的沙漠中的生物情况。Passage * (典型例题) Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say t
29、hat scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span. I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生) , said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the fut
30、ure. I think by 2075 we will see it and thats a conservative estimate(保守的估计). At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术)make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond wh
31、at has been possible in the past. There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years, he said. Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years. However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human
32、body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; c
33、ould you be healthy enough to have good quality of life? said Leonard Peon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Centre At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at alL 1. By saying we are knocking at the door of immortality, Michael Zey means_. A. they believ
34、e that there is no limit of living B. they are sure to find the truth about long living C. they have got some ideas about living forever D. they are able to make people live past the present life span 答案: C 指导：immortality的意思为“永生”，所以MichaelZey觉得人可以长生不死。2. Donald Lourias attitude toward long living is
35、 that A. people can live from 120 to 180 B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live C. the human body is designed to last about 120 years D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future 答案: D 指导：从第三段Donald的谈话可知，他认为人可以活120180岁甚至更久，200300岁。A项表述不完整。3. The underlinedit ( Paragraph 4) ref
36、ers to _. A. a great push B. the idea of living beyond the present life span C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years D. the conservative estimate 答案: B指导：全文谈的都是人的寿命能否超越现在的期限，故选B.4. What would be the best tide for this text? A. Living Longer or Not B. Science, Technology and Long Living C. No Lim
37、it for Human Life D. Healthy Lifestyle and Long Living 答案: A 指导：参考上题指导。Passage * (典型题) Who is there among us who hasnt dreamed of having his or her own small ( maybe, several years later, even big) business, and having wonderful freedom, both from a boss and from the time clock: the freedom to make
38、up our own rules for our work, and our own plans-arranging our own hours of work? That way work would be both painless and fun. Or, so we imagine. Well, in fact it isnt quite as simple as that. Yes, it is true that being the boss has its satisfactions and that you can arrange your working hours free
39、ly if you own your own small business. But in those early years of starting your own business, you shouldnt think of a free day, not to mention flying off for a months vacation. It is not unusual for new business owners to work seventy or eighty hours a week, and if there is a day off, that day migh
40、t need to be devoted to accounting(算账).But this negative picture doesnt destroy the beautiful hopes. The possibility of getting something wonderful in return-both material and mental-continues to drive that large number of people who start up small businesses each year in the United States. 1. From
41、the first paragraph, we know that everybedy bopes_. A. to rule others B. to be his or her own boss C. to get a time clock D. to be free from work 答案: B指导：从第一段可得知。2. Most new business owners have to_. A. work more than 10 hours a day B. devote himself to accounting C. fly to some places in the world
42、D. have a day off in a week 答案: A 从句中“h is not unusual for new business owners to works eventy or eighty hours a week可知一天工作十多个小时。3. The expression negative picture nxet probably means_. A. a terrible experience B. a poor picture C. limited freedom D. unpleasant situations 答案: D指导：根据第二段可知negmive pict
43、ure means unpleasant situations4. The beautiful hopes will never be destroyed because_. A. people love beautiful things by nature B. people have a strong desire to seek personal gains C. small businesses make big money each year in the US D. small businesses have advantages over big companies 答案: B指
44、导：从最后一段可知此答案。题点经典类型题1.(典型例题卷) Letter to Editor of TV Weekly Dear Sir/Madam, I read Alison Burnhams review of When we were 12, and I do not agree with her. I thought the programme was wonder- ful-I found the old news pictures really interesting-they helped to bring to life the stories the people were
45、 telling. The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood. For example, one day when I was about five, I was going to school on the bus by myself (this was the late 1960s). My mother had given me exactly the right money for a return ticket. I held out my hand with the money in it-one b
46、ig coin on top of one little coin. The bus conductor took the big top coin only and she gave me a ticket, but it was a pink one for a single journey. I needed a white one for a return journey, but I was too frightened to say anything. When school finished for the day, I couldnt catch the bus home-I
47、had to walk. As a grown-up, whenever Ive been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early memory of my bus ride comes back to me, and Im able to take control of the situation.I would like to say to the director, Bret Ctfrysler, carry on making this kind of programme.
48、 Too much TV these days is quiz shows and so-called reality programmes. I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and cry. Yours faithfully, Chris Daniels 1. What is Chris Daniels purpose of writing this letter. A. To persuade Bret Chrysler to turn away from quiz shows. B. To entertain oth
49、er readers with old news pictures. C. To express his appreciation of the programme. D. To have his story told on the programme. 2. Chris Daniels tells the story about the bus ticket to_. A. describe how painful his early experience was B. draw a direct response from Alison Burnham C. show how the pr
50、ogramme made him think D. teach the readers of TV Weekly a lesson 3. According to the passage, Chris Daniels had to walk home because_. A. he hadnt got a return ticket B. he had lost his bus ticket C. he didnt like big crowds D. he missed the bus home 4. What does Chris Daniels now think about his e
51、xperience on the bus? A. He should have told the conductor then. B. He should have been well treated. C. He regrets going to school alone. D. He wishes it hadnt happened.【解 析】 本文是作者为感谢TVWeekly节目而给编辑写的一封信，信中谈到自己童年时的真实经历和感受。 答案: 1C主旨大意题从开头第一段第二句“It houughtthe programme was wonderful., they helped to b
52、ring to life the stories the people were telling和文章最后一句 I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and ery可判断作者是十分感激的。2C 推断题。第二段中作者叙述自己童年的经历和感受,一切都是The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood.3. A 细节题。 -可从文中第二段直接找到答案： but it was a pink one for as ingle journey. I couldnt catch the bus home. I had to walk.4. A 细节推断题目。由第二段最后一句：: As a grown-up,whenever Ive been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early. 可以推知A为最佳选项。 .精品资料。欢迎使用。高考资源网w。w-w*k&s%5￥u高考资源网w。w-w*k&s%5￥u
