1、（天津 山东专用）【走向高考】高中英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教师讲义手册 专项语法突破3 外研版必修21(2022安徽)I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.AlockingBto lockChaving lockedDto have locked答案：B句意：我在离开办公室以前，记着了要锁门，但是忘了要关灯。remember to do sth.“记着要做某事”；remember doing sth.“记着做过某事”。由句意可知，B项符合题意。2(2022北京)B
2、irds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.Ato stayBstayingCstayedDstay答案：Aother birds与stay away之间是主动关系且根据句意“鸟叫有时候是警告其他的鸟儿离开。”可知选A项。不定式在此表示目的。3(2022湖南)Weve had a good start, but next，more work needs _ to achieve the final success.Abeing done BdoCto be done Dto do答案：C句意：我们已经有了一个很好的开端，但
3、要想获得最终的成功，接下来还有更多的工作要做。此处谓语动词为needs，表示“需要”，而其主语more work与后面的do存在被动关系，故要用动词ing形式的主动形式(doing)或者不定式的被动形式(to be done)。故C项正确。4(2022江西) Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students.Aspeaking Bhaving spokenCto speak Dto have spoken答案：C句意；完成她的工程以后，她被学校邀请给新生做演讲。“做演讲”发生在was
4、 invited之后，所以用动词不定式的一般式作主语补足语。5(2022辽宁)This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate答案：D句意：这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就学会操作。不定式作表语形容词的状语，表示在哪一方面存在这个形容词表示的情况或产生这种情绪的原因。本题结构可换为It is very easy to operate the machine.或To operate the machin
5、e is very easy。这一结构中的不定式要用主动式且要用及物动词或不及物动词介词。故此处D项正确。6(2022山东) George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.Ato be told BtellingCbeing told Dtold答案：Aonlyto do sth.表示意想不到的结果；doing表示自然的结果。句意：乔治战后回来，却被告知妻子已离他而去了。being done通常表示正在被；done表示被动完成。结合句意，故选A项。7(2022陕西)If he takes on this wor
6、k，he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet答案：Dhave no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事之外别无选择”。句意：如果接受这份工作，除了接受更大的挑战之外他别无选择。8(2022四川)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only _ his plane high up in the sky.AfindingBto findCbeing found Dto have found答案：Bonly后接不定式形式表示意想
7、不到的结果。to have done表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，与句意矛盾。句意：汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现飞机已经飞在高空了。9(2022浙江)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better _ silent.AremainBbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain答案：Dwhen在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。10(2022重庆)W
8、ere having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. Ato be madeBbeing made Cmade Dhaving been made答案：A根据第一句“in half an hour”可知，会议还没有开始，因此决定还没有做出，只是将要做出，故排除B、C、D三项；动词不定式表将来，符合题意。句意：半小时后我们将举行一次会议，在会议上将要做出的决定会影响我们公司的将来。故选A项。11(2022全国)The old man
9、 sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on. Ato watch Bwatching Cwatched Dto have watched答案：A本句中的happy.是形容词短语作状语，修饰句子主语The old man的状态。 由句子中的happy可知其后应接动词不定式表原因，即(the old man is)happy to.。故选A项。12(2022北京)One learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.Ac
10、orrectsBcorrectCto correct Dcorrecting答案：Dand前后连接两个并列成分，根据making可知此处填correcting。句意：“一个人在犯错和纠错中学会一种语言。”13(2022福建)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea. Aattacking Bhaving attacked Cbeing attacked Dhaving be
11、en attacked答案：C由于Chinese fishing boats与attack之间存在被动关系，所以排除表示主动的A项(attacking)和B项(having attacked)；由句意“最近中国加紧对黄岩岛附近水域的控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海受到进攻”可知attack的动作并没有发生，因此排除表示完成的D项(having been attacked)。故选C项。14(2022福建)Pressed from his parents，and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop play
12、ing video games.ArealizingBrealizedCto realize Dbeing realized答案：A由于此处的并列连词and是连接两个分词短语，所以第二个空也应该选择非谓语动词。又主句的主语the boy与realize之间存在主动关系，故排除表示被动的B项和D项；动词不定式短语位于句首作状语时，多作目的状语，排除C项。此处用现在分词短语表示原因。故选A项。15(2022湖南)The lecture，_ at 700 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes
13、.Astarting Bbeing startedCto startDto be started答案：A句意：昨晚7点开始的演讲结束之后，紧跟着的是对月球用望远镜进行了一次观测。此处start用作不及物动词，表示“开始”，故用现在分词作后置定语，其形式相当于which started.而不定式的一般式多表示将来的动作；若start用作及物动词，则此处要用被动形式，而B项being started表示正在开始，D项to be started表示将来的动作，均与原题中last night不符。故选A项。16(2022江苏) _ an important decision more on emoti
14、on than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.ABasedBBasingCBase DTo base答案：Bbase.on.意为“把建立在基础上”。由于逗号前后没有关联词，可排除构成祈使句的C项；该句主语you与base为主动关系，可排除A项，此项表示被动的过去分词形式，不定式在句首通常表示目的，不合逻辑，可排除D项；答案为B项，现在分词形式作条件状语。句意：如果你把一个重要的决定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你迟早会后悔的。17(2022江西)John has really got the job because he showe
15、d me the official letter _ him it.Aoffered BofferingCto offerDto be offered答案：B该题容易误选A项，因为大家一般认为letter与offer存在被动关系，但此处offer后面有两个宾语，显然，应使用offer sb.sth.的主动形式作后置定语修饰the official letter，说明信的内容。18(2022辽宁)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow Bfollo
16、wingCfollowed Dfollows答案：B句意：这对老年夫妇经常晚饭后去公园散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。此处是with的复合结构，宾语dog与作宾语补足语的follow存在逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随情况，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。19(2022课标全国)The party will be held in the garden, weather _.Apermitting Bto permitCpermitted Dpermit答案：A由于逗号前后没有关联词，所以只能用非谓语形式，根据weather和permit的逻辑关系判断应选用现在分词形式构成独立主格结构，表示“天气允许的话”。20(2022陕西)_ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.AStanding BTo standCStoodDStand答案：A句意：我们排在长长的队伍中，等着商店开门买一台新的平板电脑。分析句子结构可知所填部分在句中作伴随状语，且句子的主语we与stand之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
