1、张家口市第一中学高一年级（必修1）Unit 4 Earthquakes 学生学案 Period 2 : Language Points of Warming up & Reading 1. Imagine your home began to shake and you must leave it right away.* right away: immediately/ /in a minute/ /in no time 练习：The storm will come . 暴风雨马上来临。拓展 辨析: right away right now right now 除了“立刻，马上”的意思，还有
2、“此刻”之意。eg: He is not in the office . 他此时不在办公室2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. * burst v. (1) (使)爆炸，破裂 eg: 1. The balloon burst. 2. After ten days of rain the river 下了十天的雨后河堤决口了。(2) (+with)塞满，几乎要涨破 eg: 1. He is bursting with pride. 2. I was almost 我差点笑破肚皮。 n. 突然破裂；
3、爆发 eg: 1. a burst of laughter/applause 2. The rain stopped, and a burst of sun came through the clouds. 拓展 burst 相关词组 burst in burst out burst into+n.= burst out+doing eg: burst into songs=burst out singing突然唱起来 burst into tears= burst into laughter= 典型试题: On hearing the news that her son was lost i
4、n the war, the old woman . A. burst into tears B. burst with tears C. burst out tears D. burst out cry3. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. * think little of sth.=pay no attention to sth. 类似用法：think nothing of. think highly of
5、 sb/sth think badly/ill of sb/sth think much/a lot/a great deal of sb. * event n. (1)事件；大事 eg: Winning the match was a great event in the boys life. (2)(比赛)项目 eg: Which events have you entered for? 拓展 辨析: event, accident, incidentevent: 常指重大或有趣的事情。也可以指音乐会、文艺节目或体育竞赛等活动。eg: 1) Ill never forget the ter
6、rible events of that summer. 2) It is the most important social event of this year. accident: 常指意外事件或交通事故eg: He was killed in an accident. incident: 常指不平常或令人不愉快的小事；也可指犯罪行为或暴力事件。eg: 1) The movie is based on a real-life incident. 2) There was a shooting incident near here last night. 4. It seemed as i
7、f the world was at an end. * as if=as though好象，仿佛引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。如果从句中陈述的情况可能实现，可用陈述语气。eg: He looked as if/though he was ill. (接近事实有可能发生；陈述语气) He treated her as if she were an angel. (不可能发生；虚拟语气)练习: 1) It seems as if 看起来要下雪了。 2) He was shaking with fright(惊骇，吃惊) as if he a ghost. A. was seeing B. sees
8、C. has seen D. had seen* at an end 终结，结束 eg: The war was at an end. 拓展 end 相关词组put/bring.to an end (put an end to.) 使.结束make an end of. 终止 make ends meet 收支相抵come to an end 结束补全短语: 在.末尾/尽头 the end 最后 the end of . 到.末为止5. In the fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. * ruin n. (U)毁灭，崩溃，(
9、pl)废墟；遗迹eg: 1) 476 AD saw the ruin of Roman Empire. 2) We visited the ruins of the temple. v. 毁坏，使破坏；使破产（或失去地位等） eg: 1) The earthquake ruined all the houses here. He was ruined completely. 拓展 ruin 相关词组be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁坏，毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟，毁了辨析：destroy damage ruindestroy: 彻底毁坏，常含有不能或很难修复的意思。可
10、以接人或物做宾语。damage: 部分损坏可以修复；或是降低某物的价值。常接物做宾语。ruin: 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果。还可以指对美好的或是希望中的事物的破坏。另外，damage和ruin都可以用作名词，而destroy不能用作名词。练习: 用destroy, damage和ruin的适当形式填空。1) The city of Berlin was in at the end of the war. 2) The storm didnt do much . 3) I had to have my car repaired because it w
11、as in the accident. 4) The building was completely by fire.5) That one mistake his chance of getting the job. 6) I got caught in the rain and my suit .A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined* lie v. (lay, lain) 处于某种状态eg: The whole area has lain waste for many years. 拓展 辨析:
12、lie laylie: 除了“处于某种状态”外，还有“撒谎”；“位于，在于”的意思。当“撒谎”用时，是规则动词(lied, lied)。它还可以用作名词“撒谎，谎言”，如：tell a lie或tell lies。lay: 除了表示“产卵，下蛋；放置，搁置”外，还有“布置；铺设”。它是不规则动词(laid, laid)。原形过去式过去分词现在分词lie(躺；位于)laylainlyinglie(撒谎)liedliedlyinglay(产卵；放置；铺设)laidlaidlaying练习：用lie, lay的适当形式填空。1) I awake for several minutes and got
13、 up. 2) The lake 20 kilometres east of the city. 3) The future of the developing countries in the hands of children. 4) You lied to me, that is you told me a .5) The workers are pipes now. 6) The man was sleeping, under the tree. 6. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. * in
14、jure v. 伤害；受伤 injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的 injury n. 伤害，伤口拓展 injured相关词组the injured be slightly/seriously/badly injured 辨析: injure hurt wound harminjure: 一般指因意外或事故造成的损伤，多指容颜、机能的损害hurt: 一般指精神或肉体上受到的伤害，有强烈的疼痛感wound: 指战争、战斗、攻击中的刀、枪、剑伤harm: 常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示对.有害/损害练习：Im sorry, but I didnt mean to you. A. wound
15、 B. hurt C. harm D. injure用injure, hurt, wound, harm的适当形式填空1) Nothing more than a bad tooth. 2) Three people were killed and five in the crash. 3) About 50 people were seriously in the attack. 4) Pollution can marine(海洋的)life. * two-thirds 三分之二分数表达法: 如果分数前面不带整数，一般都用文字表示，分子基数词，分母序数词。当分子大于一时，分母词尾加s。注意
16、：“分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，句子谓语动词根据of后面的名词来定。eg: About three-fifths of the buildings surface was painted red. About three-fifths of the buildings in the city were destroyed in the earthquake. 类似用法：some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of 或是分数、百分数+of.等短语作主语，谓语动词根据of后的名词定。练习：
17、1) More than 70% of people in this area killed in the disaster. 2) of the land in that country covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are7. People were shocked. * shock v. 使震惊，震动 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 感到震惊n. 打击，震惊，休克拓展 shock相关词组be
18、 shocked 感到震惊be shocked at. 对.感到震惊be shocked to do. 做某事很震惊be shocked that. 对.震惊be a shock to sb. 令某人震惊a state of shock 休克状态练习：1) I (感到震惊) that Xie Jie passed away. 2) We were shocked his coming. A. to B. with C. for D. at 3) He was shocked his son failed the entrance examination. A. at B. for C. to
19、know D. knowing 4) The traffic accident sent him into a state of . A. surprise B. shock C. concern D. strike注意：当过去分词和现在分词作表语或定语时，现在分词多表示主语具有的特征，具有主动的意思，往往是“令人.”；过去分词多指主语所处的状态，具有被动的意思，往往是“感到.”。 eg: He told me the shocking news. I was shocked at the news. 这些词可以成对记忆。高中常见的有：exciting, excited; frightenin
20、g, frightened; puzzling, puzzled; interesting, interested; surprising, surprised; tiring, tired; boring, bored; disappointing, disppointed; amazing, amazed; amusing, amused; astonishing, astonished等等。练习：翻译下列词组an exciting voice an excited voice the surpring news a surprised look a boring speech a bor
21、ed expression a tiring job my tired legs 典型试题：It is believed that if a book is , it will surely the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest 8. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. * rescue n.
22、 营救，救援eg: Some medical teams joined to go to the rescue of Wenchuang people. v. 救援，营救 (rescue.from.=save.from. 从.中援救.)eg: He a child the river. 他从河里救起了一名儿童。* trap v. 使陷入困境 be trapped. 被困.; 陷入. eg: Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.(塌陷，塌方) trap sb. into. 把某人诱入圈套eg: He admitting
23、that I had done it. n. 陷阱；困境；圈套eg: The hunter set (陷阱) to catch foxes. 9. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped to burry the dead. * dig out 挖出；发现 eg: Why did you ? 为什么你把这些旧书翻出来？ Ill the main cause as soon as possible. 我会尽快查明主要原因。 拓展相关词组dig into 深入钻研；开始大吃起来dig for=look for 寻找eg:
24、 Yu Dan dug Chinese history and became a famous scholar.(学者) A. for B. out C. into D. with * bury v. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 拓展相关词组 be buried in.=bury oneself in. 埋头于，专心于 eg: She deep thought. 她陷入深思中。 He buried himself in his books. 10. All hope was not lost. This sentence means“There was still some hope for the f
25、uture.” all not=not all 并非所有的，此结构表示部分否定。 eg: All answers are not correct.=Not all answers are correct. 此外，both, every, each, everyone, everybody, everything以及every+名词等与not 连用也表示部分否定。 eg: Not both of them smoke. = Both of them dont smoke. 当表示完全否定意义时，常用no, none, nobody, nothing, no one, neither等。 Neither of them smokes. 典型试题：Of all the books on the desk, is of any use for our study. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none
