1、高考题型提分练(十)阅读理解提能练(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AGuan Shanyue Art MuseumMore than 130 Chinese Meticulous-style or Gongbi paintings by 57 young Chinese artists are being exhibited at the “Youth Koans: The Seventh Guan Shanyue Art Museum” until Aug. 2. Entry is free and visitors are required to book their visit in adv
2、ance on the museums WeChat account “gsyart. ”Venue: Guan Shanyue Art Museum, Futian DistrictMetro: Line 3 or 4 to Childrens Palace Station, Exit FCosmosThe “Cosmos” exhibition (88 yuan), running until Sept. 20, re-creates interactive scenes based on concepts or hidden physical laws found by scientis
3、ts like Albert Einstein, Felix Klein, David Hilbert, Hendrik Lorentz, Erwin Schrodinger and Stephen William Hawking. Venue: One Avenue, Futian DistrictMetro: Line 1 to Gangxia Station, Exit BBlazing ElementNineteen artists and studios are invited to explore the relationship between fire and three ma
4、terials: metal, ceramics(制陶业) and glass at the “Blazing Element” exhibition (38 yuan) running until Oct. 11. New forms emerge from the combination of various materials, and the artists unique world views are inset within them. Venue: AN+ Art and Design Center, 3/F, PAFC Mall, Futian District Metro:
5、Line 1 or 3 to Shopping Park Station, Exit DSea WorldThe “Values of Design: China in the Making” exhibition (68 yuan), running until Dec. 20, showcases 138 Chinese works and explores the growing field of Chinese design. And Groundwork, an architecture studio based in Hong Kong, has built a soft spac
6、e “Art-Toy” for visitors to play in until late August. Venue: Sea World Culture and Arts Center, Nanshan DistrictMetro: Line 2 to Sea World Station, Exit A(SD News)【文章大意】这是一篇说明文广告, 简单介绍了四项活动举办的时间、地点和乘车路线。1. What will be a good choice for a student interested in physics?A. Guan Shanyue Art Museum. B.
7、 Blazing Element. C. Sea World. D. Cosmos. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。第一个是美术展览, 涉及中国工笔画;第二个是宇宙知识介绍, 提到了爱因斯坦、霍金等科学家;第三个闪耀元素涉及化学知识, 介绍火与三种材料的关系;第四个介绍建筑与设计。2. Which subway would you take if you want to appreciate painting exhibition?A. Line 1 or 3. B. Line 1. C. Line 3 or 4. D. Line 2. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。美术展览是第一个, 地点是关山月美
8、术馆, 乘车路线是地铁3号或4号线。3. Which costs least in the four activities?A. Guan Shanyue Art Museum. B. Blazing Element. C. Sea World. D. Cosmos. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。比较判断四个活动的费用, 第一个美术展览免费, 第二个宇宙知识88元, 第三个38元, 第四个68元, 故选A。BIf you are a student attending a formal exam, there is probably a pencil at hand. Have you ever
9、 wondered where pencils come from? Or how graphite(石墨) was really discovered, leading to the development of numerous kinds and types of pencils that are currently available?Modern pencils owe a great deal to an ancient Roman writing instrument called a Stylus. It is basically a thin metal rod that w
10、as used by scholars to leave a light readable mark on the paper used in those times. However, the history of the ever-evolving pencils doesnt stop there. Then came the widespread use of graphite after a huge amount of graphite was discovered in England in the 1560s. Graphite was appreciated greatly
11、for being really dark. However, it proved to be really fragile and soft. It required a proper holder for one to be able to contain it. At first, graphite sticks were wrapped in strings, and later, these sticks were presented in wood-cases, giving birth to the very first wood-cased pencil. Basically,
12、 the graphite was inserted in wooden sticks that were hollowed out. So it looked like sticks of graphite were being enclosed within similar-shaped wood cases or coverings. According to history, the first-ever pencils were mass-produced in Germany in 1662, making it the birthplace of these pencils. C
13、ompanies like Faber-Castell and Steadtler came into existence, forming an active global pencil industry that continued to develop throughout the period of the 19th Century Industrial Revolution. Ever since the pencil industry began to flourish, different types and kinds of pencils were discovered an
14、d were categorized according to their hardness levels and the amount of black color they were able to produce. They were also split in terms of how light or dark they were, as well as how heavy or light their lead was. 【文章大意】文章介绍了人们对铅笔原材料石墨的应用及铅笔的发展历史。4. Why was graphite widely used in the sixteenth
15、 century?A. Graphite became greatly available. B. The Stylus was too heavy to hold. C. Scholars preferred using graphite. D. Industrial revolution took place. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。 文章提到the widespread use of graphite after a huge amount of graphite was discovered in England in the 1560s可知, 在16世纪60年代英格兰发现了大量石
16、墨, 石墨开始被广泛使用。5. What is the disadvantage of using graphite?A. It is very rare. B. It is expensive. C. It breaks easily. D. It has dark color. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章提及However, it proved to be really fragile and soft. 可知, 石墨易碎, 由此得知C项正确。6. According to the passage, which country is the birthplace of modern p
17、encils?A. Rome. B. Germany. C. Britain. D. France. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章第四段提到the first-ever pencils were mass-produced in Germany in 1662, making it the birthplace of these pencils可知, 大规模量产的铅笔始于德国, 使得德国成为铅笔的诞生之地。7. What does the underlined word “flourish” mean in the last paragraph?A. Take off. B. Break d
18、own. C. Fade away. D. Settle down. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章中different types and kinds of pencils were discovered and were categorized可知, 各式各样种类繁多的铅笔被制造出来, 可得知铅笔制造业开始繁荣起来。CThe tidying-up wonder known as Marie Kondo has a show on Netflix, and by all accounts, it seems to be popular among the masses. Kondos b
19、asic idea to determine whether we need something is to ask if something sparks joyand if it does not, then it is not needed. The writer Anakana Schofield, however, tweeted the following messages: “Do NOT listen to Marie Kondo or Konmari in relation to books. Fill your apartment & world with them. I
20、dont care if you throw out your clothes but the woman is very misguided about books. Every human needs a library, not clean, boring shelves. ”Now Schofield has penned an essay at The Guardian on the topic, noting that “Marie Kondo advises us to give up reading we dont find joyful. But ones personal
21、library should do much more than get warm feelings. ” Its such a good point. I look at the rows of books on my shelves and while I cant help but to notice that they are not tidy, I would never toss them. Does every one of those books bring my joy? No. Some are hard. But toss them? No way! As collect
22、ions, all of my books create their own narrative, an otherwise impossible timeline of my life. And beyond them being a part of my history, I think about what went into each book. Every word, of the millions of words living on my bookshelves, was written with thought; every sentence crafted with inte
23、ntion. My personal library is like a microcosm (缩影)of humanity, of my own design. And as for the unread books? That a book is unread should not be an indication of its uselessness, rather, a promise of its potential. Its like having a gift to open or a vacation to look forward to. A stack of unread
24、books is a hallway of doors, each leading to an unknown adventure. 【文章大意】本文是议论文。整理奇才近藤麻理惠在Netflix上有一个节目, 很受人们的追捧, 近藤认为不能激发快乐的东西都是不需要的东西, 可以扔掉。作者家里有很多藏书, 不是所有的书都能激发快乐, 但作者并不认为需要扔掉这些书, 他认为个人的图书馆就像自己设计的一个人性的缩影, 一本未读的书, 也并不应表明其无用, 而表明其有潜力, 就像将要打开的礼物或期待的假期, 一堆堆未读的书就像是门的走廊, 每本书都通向一个未知的冒险。8. What does the
25、underlined word “wonder” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Talent. B. Program. C. Attraction. D. Company. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句话“The tidying-up wonder known as Marie Kondo has a show on Netflix, and by all accounts, it seems to be popular among the masses. ”可知, 整理奇才近藤麻理惠在Netflix上有一个节目, 从各方面来看, 它似乎在大众中很受欢迎。
26、所以wonder在这里是指“奇才, 能干的人”, 故答案为选项A。9. What is not needed according to Marie Kondo?A. Something that cant create wonder. B. Something that cant give you pleasure. C. Something that is not popular. D. Something that cant warm our feelings. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Kondos basic idea to determine whether w
27、e need something is to ask if something sparks joyand if it does not, then it is not needed. ”可知, 近藤确定我们是否需要某样东西的基本原则是询问某样东西是否激发快乐, 如果没有, 则不需要。故选B。10. What is Anakana Schofields attitude towards Marie Kondo about books?A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Ambiguous. D. Acceptable. 【解析】选A。态度观点题。根据第二段中的“
28、Do NOT listen to Marie Kondo or Konmari in relation to books. . . but the woman is very misguided about books. ”以及第三段中的“Marie Kondo advises us to give up reading we dont find joyful. But ones personal library should do much more than get warm feelings. ”可以推断出作家Anakana Schofield反对近藤麻理惠对处理书的态度。故选A。11.
29、 What is the writers purpose of writing the text?A. To advise people to read the books. B. To encourage people to buy the books. C. To introduce the books he collects. D. To tell people not to throw away your books. 【解析】选D。写作目的题。根据文章最后两段:作者家里有很多藏书, 不是所有的书都能激发快乐, 但作者并不认为需要扔掉这些书, 他认为个人的图书馆就像自己设计的一个人性的
30、缩影, 一本未读的书, 也并不应表明其无用, 而表明其有潜力, 就像将要打开的礼物或期待的假期, 一堆堆未读的书就像是门的走廊, 每本书都通向一个未知的冒险。可知作者写这篇文章的目的是要告诉人们不要扔掉家里的藏书。故选D。DThe 47, 000 Inuit who live in Canadas Arctic speak five dialects of Inuktut and use nine writing systems. The dialects are similar enough that an Inuk from one group can puzzle out what a
31、speaker from another is saying. The writing systems, invented by Christian missionaries(传教士) starting in the 18th century, are bigger barriers to comprehension. Three use syllabics-characters to represent syllables(音节)rather than the Roman alphabet. Both systems can be added with diacritical marks(变
32、音符) that change pronunciation and meaning. Communication is difficult and translating textbooks and government documents expensive. Partly because of these difficulties, Inuktut, a group of languages spoken by 39, 000 Inuit, is giving ground to English. In Nunavut, the northernmost Canadian territor
33、y, where most Inuit live, not all schools offer classes in Inuktut even though the territory has mandated bilingual education by 2020. Most phones and keyboards need extra software to handle syllabics, so young Inuit text and email mainly in English, says Crystal Martin-Lapenskie of the National Inu
34、it Youth Council. On September 26th Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the national Inuit organization, decided to relieve these difficulties by adopting a unified writing system. Inuktut Qaliujaaqpait, the new writing system, will use combinations of roman letters to represent the sounds in all five dialects
35、. It is a writing system created by Inuit for Inuit, says Natan Obed, the groups president. Getting to this point was not easy, for the Inuit aim for consistence. A committee took eight years to achieve it. Elders who grew up with syllabics worry that the shift to roman letters would erase part of t
36、heir culture. Linguists had to come up with ways to distinguish between sounds, like different ways of pronouncing “r”, without using diacritics, which add an extra step in typing. Every sound had to be represented. There could be “no dialect left behind”, says Michael Cook, a linguist who worked on
37、 the project. The Nunatsiaq News, a newspaper that circulates in the eastern Arctic, will continue to use syllabics in its Inuktut text, says its editor, Jim Bell. The governments of Nunavut and of Canada, the newspapers biggest advertisers, still want advertisements set in syllabics and in the roma
38、n orthography(拼写法) now used for Inuinnaqtun, an official language in the territory. Mr Bell “can foresee a long transition period”. In the north, change can come at a glacial pace. 【文章大意】因纽特人是美洲原住民之一, 他们分布于北极圈周围, 包括格陵兰、阿拉斯加以及加拿大的努纳武特地区等。加拿大的北极地区生活有4万7千多名因纽特人, 他们说因纽特语, 但是有5种方言, 9种书写系统, 这造成了沟通的困难。为了解决
39、这一问题, 因纽特社区决定推行一套统一的书写系统, 但新系统的实施仍然需要经历很长一段时间。12. What contributes to the difficulty in communication for Inuit?A. Long distance. B. Various accents. C. Different writing systems. D. Severe geographic situation. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段前两句话 “The 47, 000 Inuit who live in Canadas Arctic speak five dialects
40、 of Inuktut and use nine writing systems. The dialects are similar enough that an Inuk from one group can puzzle out what a speaker from another is saying. 居住在加拿大北极地区的47 000名因纽特人讲5种因纽特语方言, 并使用9种书写系统, 这些方言足够相似, 以至于一名来自某个族群的因纽特人苦苦思索才能琢磨出另一名来自其他族群的人在说什么”。可知是因纽特语中多种方言和不同的书写系统导致因纽特人的沟通困难, 故答案为C项。13. How
41、does Paragraph 4 develop?A. By listing figures. B. By giving examples. C. By making comparison. D. By drawing conclusions. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。第四段介绍了新的书写体系在实施过程中遇到的困难, 其中列举了从小习惯使用音节符号的老年人和语言学家们的例子, 前者担心转向罗马字母会使他们一部分文化消失, 后者不得不设计出各种区分声音的方法, 故答案为B项。14. What can we know from the passage?A. Young people prefer
42、 English to Inuit when texting messages. B. The new writing system is created by Christian missionaries. C. In the north the shift to the new writing system can be very smooth. D. The new writing system is well accepted and promoted by The Nunatsiaq News. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段“Most phones and keyboards
43、 need extra software to handle syllabics, so young Inuit text and email mainly in English大多数手机和键盘都需要额外的软件来处理因纽特语音节, 因此因纽特年轻人主要使用英语来发短信和邮件”可知A项正确;第三段 “It is a writing system created by Inuit for Inuit这是一套由因纽特人为因纽特人创造的书写系统”可知B项不正确;根据最后一段 “The Nunatsiaq News, a newspaper that circulates in the eastern
44、Arctic, will continue to use syllabics in its Inuktut text. . . In the north, change can come at a glacial pace努纳特西亚新闻是一份在北极东部地区发行的报纸, 报纸将继续在因纽特语版本中使用音节符号在北方, 变化可以以极其缓慢的速度进行”可知C、D项不正确。15. In which part can this passage be found in a magazine?A. StoriesB. CultureC. EntertainmentD. Environment【解析】选B。推
45、理判断题。本文主要介绍了因纽特人方言和语言体系多样造成了沟通的困难。为了解决这一问题, 因纽特社区决定推行一套统一的书写系统, 但新系统的实施仍然需要经历很长一段时间, 属于文化范畴, 故答案为B项。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Push yourself and youll find how strong you are How strong are you?That is a tough question to answer both to a man and a woman. But how do you define y
46、our strength? How do you know your limits? 1 When push comes to press, we often discover that we are much stronger than we think. 2 Strength is not always about pure physical strength. Rather, it is about willpower. It is about the capacity to get things done. I know some people who are intellectual
47、ly strong, but they get very little done in their jobs. And I know others who find work extremely challenging, but are able to move mountains by their full drive and hard work. They possess inner strength. More interesting is that these productive hard-workers often dont even notice the load. Bystan
48、ders are not only amazed but often ask, “How do you do it?” The answer usually comes back, “I just work harder than the others. ”So, why are some people able to do more? What gives them added drive? What gives them extra strength? Could it be, they have simply given themselves permission to do more?
49、Self-set limits. 3 Sometimes these boundaries are based on past experiences. Sometimes they are based on sensed capacities. Sometimes these limits are based on nothing. So, how do we break through these limits? How do we get stronger? Pushing it. Many people are going through the motions, but are no
50、where near their limits. 4 Pushing it is what it takes to increase your limits. In the gym, bodybuilders discovered this long ago. But, the same principle is true when it comes to inner strength. Discipline and drive. Want to test your limits? Push yourself. Test your self-aware limitation to see ho
51、w accurate they are. Make sure your goals are slightly beyond what you think can be achieved. You are stronger than you think. Most people underestimate their strength. As you go through your day, challenge your capacity. Test your limits. Push yourself to find your true boundaries and define your s
52、trength. 5A. What is Strength?B. Can you be sure if you havent tried?C. How do you know just how much youve got?D. If you want to be stronger, you have to push your boundaries. E. What I have observed is that most people set their own limits. F. When you discover how much youve really got, you may s
53、urprise even yourself. G. They limit their output based on self-built limitation of their capabilities and strengths. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。论述了不逼自己一把就不知道自己有多厉害的观点以及为何给自己加压的道理。1. 【解析】选C。过渡句, 根据该段小标题How strong are you?和其前的两句 But how do you define your strength? How do you know your limits? 可知how do you. . . 是
54、连续的排比句, C项How do you know just how much youve got? 无论从上下文句意还是结构上都一致。2. 【解析】选A。段首句, 该段后边讲的都是力量是什么, 或者与什么有关, 故开头句应该是提出问题, 且与力量有关, 故选A项合适。3. 【解析】选E。过渡句, 该段小标题是Self-set limits, 所以E项的What I have observed is that most people set their own limits. 承接了上下文;空后句Sometimes these boundaries are based on past expe
55、riences. 中的these boundaries 也应该是从上文这句引出的。G项They limit their output based on self-built limitation of their capabilities and strengths. 虽然也谈到设限, 但这里的they指代不明, 上文没有出处, 故不合适。4. 【解析】选D。过渡句, 该段首句Pushing it 逼自己一把, 空后Pushing it is what it takes to increase your limits. 需要的就是逼自己一把来增强你的极限, 所以承上启下就是If you want to be stronger, you have to push your boundaries. 如果你想要变得更强大就得逼自己一把。5. 【解析】选F。段尾总结句, 本段首句You are stronger than you think. 你比自己想象的更坚强, 后边讲如果你逼迫自己突破自己的极限, 那么就可以实现目标, 甚至会令自己吃惊。(When you discover how much youve really got, you may surprise even yourself. )
