1、Unit 4Starting out & Understanding ideas. 单句语法填空1. (2019北京高考)If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to assist(assist) them. 2. (2017江苏高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve (relieve) worldwide starvation. 3. But with some work and dev
2、otion (devote), youll make progress. 4. These specialist (special) doctors usually work in hospitals and are known as “consultants”. 5. Measles is one of the most infectious (infect) diseases known. 6. But what is vitally (vital) important is that the money is spent well and honestly. 7. He said the
3、re was no silver bullet for tackling(tackle) climate change. 8. We received your claim for compensation(compensate) for the delay of shipment. 9. Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically (tragical). 10. The Jinggang mountains stand where the boundaries (boundary)of four c
4、ounties meet. . 选词填空take any chances, regardless of, compensate for, involved in, step into ones shoes, get caught up in, devote ones life to, be vital for, at risk, against all odds1. The river ran so fast that we couldnt take any chances to cross it. 2. A wooden leg can compensate for a physical d
5、isability. 3. My father runs a factory. I have grown up and he wants me to step into his shoes. 4. Her husband died at an early age, but she has devoted her life to bringing up four children. 5. It is known that technology is vital for agricultural development. 6. Young men felt their friendships co
6、uld be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock. 7. She avoided getting caught up in competition with other families because she wanted to live a peaceful life. 8. Regardless of his parents opposition, he insisted on volunteering to teach in a remote place.
7、 9. I dont want to get involved in the argument about who is to blame. 10. We are proving we can do it against all odds. . 完成句子1. Were too busy to take a long holiday this year, not to mention the fact that we cant afford it. 今年我们太忙了, 不能休长假, 更不用说我们还负担不起(这笔钱了)。2. My teacher did what he could to make
8、his class lively. 我的老师尽他所能使他的课生动活泼。3. One could hear every subject under the sun being hotly discussed. 你们可以听到人们天南海北什么都谈得很热烈。4. Not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it. 他不仅做出了许诺, 而且履行了诺言。5. Its very important for students to listen to teachers carefully in class. 对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。结合
9、课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇80词左右的短文1. 一天, 山林里发生了火灾。2. 消防队员到达现场时, 火势正猛。3. 在当地政府的帮助下, 消防队员很快扑灭了大火。但是一名消防员受伤了。4. 他被带到了最近的诊所, 马上请来了专家。5. 时间对他来说太重要了。6. 医生和专家合作挽救了他的生命。One day, a fire outbreak happened in the mountain forest. The fire was raging when the firemen arrived on the scene. Assisted by the local gov
10、ernment, firefighters soon tackled the fire. But one of the firemen was injured. He was taken to the nearest clinic and specialists were called in immediately. Time is too vital to him. Doctors and experts collaborated together to save his life. . 阅读理解AAmber has a degree in business management and e
11、conomics. She put her skills to good use when she spent eleven months in Cambodia (柬埔寨) through World Hope International as a volunteer working with a local micro-finance (小额信贷) company to help the poor get financial services. Ambers first few weeks in Cambodia were busy and difficult as she tried t
12、o learn the language, understand the culture and get used to her new surroundings. Her volunteer service involved working with a local micro-finance company. In addition to writing plans, preparing international marketing materials and building donor (捐赠人) relations, Amber met with company clients.
13、During these visits she learned how the small loans they received transformed their lives. She learned first-hand the benefits of micro-finance, which by providing farmers and small-business owners with affordable working capital (such as money to buy a sewing machine) helped them to earn their way
14、out of poverty (贫穷). “It never stopped amazing me when a client would show me a new home that was built because of a loan he received or the way a clients business had improved and thus allowed his children to be sent to school, ” Amber said. Amber recalled that one client called Paul walked her all
15、 around his house, pointing to what he had done with each of eight loans hed received. He explained how every loan had improved his familys quality of life. Amber said he was one of the hardest-working men she had ever met. He had suffered greatly in the Cambodian Civil War and became disabled, but
16、not once did he let it kill his dreams of realizing a better life for his family. His latest purchase, a sound system that he rented out for weddings and other parties doubled his income! Amber said, “Living and working in Cambodia helped me see the world in new ways and made me aware of the hardshi
17、p and suffering that many people around the world face every day. Those eleven months were some of the most meaningful months of my life. ”【文章大意】Amber作为志愿者在柬埔寨生活、工作了十一个月, 并通过帮助当地人摆脱贫穷, 对世界有了新的看法。1. Whats the best title for this passage? A. World Hope InternationalB. Benefits of Micro-financeC. Amber
18、s Volunteer Experience in CambodiaD. Poverty in Developing Countries【解析】选C。标题归纳题。通读全文, 本文主要介绍了Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历。2. Ambers volunteer work in Cambodia included all of the following things EXCEPT_. A. teaching the languageB. meeting with company clientsC. writing plansD. building donor relations【解析】选A。细节
19、理解题。根据第二段的“In addition to writing plans. . . company clients. ”可知, 文章没有提到Amber教当地人语言。事实是她本人需要克服困难学习语言, 因此A项不符合文意, 故选A。3. It can be inferred from the passage that_. A. Amber met with no difficulties after she arrived in CambodiaB. Amber is the leader of World Hope InternationalC. few children go to s
20、chool because there arent enough schools in CambodiaD. many local people in Cambodia changed their lives with the loans【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的“how the small loans they received transformed their lives”和第三段内容可知, 小额信贷项目让很多人受益, 改变了他们的生活。4. Which of the following statements about Paul is TRUE? A. Each of th
21、e loans he had received helped him a lot. B. He was poor because he didnt work as hard as others. C. He became disabled because of a car accident. D. He bought a sound system for his wedding. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的“every loan had improved his familys quality of life”可知, 每笔小额信贷都帮助他改善了他家人的生活。B(2021黄山高二检测
22、)In its best times on the nineteenth century, thatch (茅草屋顶) played an important role in protecting British homes from the weather. But new technologies since have led to a rapid decline in thatching and many of the thatched cottages that remain have been changed beyond all recognition by developers
23、or have run into disrepair, a rather upsetting reminder of a bygone age. A Welsh company, however, is trying to breathe new life into some of the last traditional thatched cottages in western Wales by repairing them and letting them out as holiday homes. Called “Under the Thatch”, the company is run
24、 by Greg Stevenson, who lives in his own thatched cottage in Ceredigion. An architectural historian by training, he repairs old buildings in old-fashioned ways. All the cottages are in attractive locations around southwest Wales. Unlike most holiday homes, the cottages are let all year roundchiefly
25、because Greg prices them lower than many holiday properties(房屋) and hed prefer that properties are rented just above cost price than not used at all. And with that comes a bargain or two: its common for a property to go for as little as 35 a night. Consequently occupancy for properties with “Under t
26、he Thatch” is at 95 percent (the average in Wales is 35 percent). Its success has meant that Greg has been able to buy up more old cottages and bring them back into the community. Greg has also diversified from offering only thatched cottages: he now lets out a variety of rare accommodations dotted
27、around western styles, including a renovated(修复的) train carriage and two gypsy caravans which were used by Romanies. Most of his thirty properties are run using environmentally friendly technologiesincluding solar panels and recycled furnishings. But most importantly, what the cottages all have in c
28、ommon is that they bring back life to local communities. Spend a weekend “Under the Thatch” rather than in a holiday home, buy local food and visit nearby restaurants, and you will be contributing to the local economy. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。在英国历史上曾经发挥过积极作用的茅草屋, 被人们遗忘且数量上迅速减少, 不过最近威尔士的一家公司正试图给威尔士西部最后的一些传统茅草屋
29、注入新的活力, 这家公司把这些茅草屋变成了复古的度假屋, 并取得了成功。5. How does the author sound when talking about thatched cottages in Paragraph 1? A. Excited. B. Afraid. C. Sorry. D. Humorous. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句话可知, 许多保留下来的茅草屋要么被开发商改造得面目全非, 要么年久失修, 这让人难过地想起了一个逝去的时代。所以可以判断出, 作者在第一段中谈到茅草屋时听起来有些难过。故选C。6. What is the main reas
30、on for the success of “Under the Thatch”? A. The properties low prices. B. The companys excellent services. C. The companys creative designers. D. The properties beautiful locations. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike most holiday homes, the cottages are let all year round. . . ”可知, 与大多数度假屋不同的是这些小屋全年出租, 主要是
31、因为Greg把它们的价格控制得比许多度假屋要低。所以“Under the Thatch”成功的主要原因是房价很低。故选A。7. Beside thatched cottages, what does Gregs company provide? A. Designing plans for modern cottages. B. Other uncommon styles of holiday homes. C. Environmentally friendly technologies. D. Advice on developing the local economy. 【解析】选B。细节
32、理解题。根据倒数第二段可知, Greg的公司现在推出了各种罕见的西方风格的住所, 包括翻新后的火车车厢和两个吉卜赛人使用的吉卜赛大篷车。所以除了茅草屋, Greg的公司还提供其他不寻常风格的度假屋。故选B。8. What can be the best title for the text? A. Buy up Traditional Thatched Cottages. B. Protect British Homes from the Weather. C. Spend a Weekend Under the Thatch. D. Bring Properties Back into th
33、e Community. 【解析】选C。标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知, 作者建议游客周末“在茅草屋下”度过, 而不是在度假屋度过。所以短文的最佳标题为“在茅草屋下度周末”。故选C。【阅读多维训练】在句子“A Welsh company, however, is trying to breathe new life into some of the last traditional thatched cottages in western Wales by repairing them and letting them out as holiday homes. ”中, breathe
34、一词在这里是什么意思? breathe本意是“呼吸”, 在这里是“注入”的意思。. 阅读填句(2021池州高二检测)There are lots of skiing lovers around the world. To get the most out of your time on the mountain you should think through each part of your adventure-equipment, clothing, food, and travel. 1, the more time you can spend on the slopes. Equip
35、mentYour skiing equipmentcomposed of your skis, poles, bindings, helmet, and gogglesshould be checked over, and possibly tuned up before you pack your bags for the mountain. 2. Inspect your boots to make sure they fit properly. Check your goggles and put them on with your helmet to see that they fit
36、 comfortably and offer a wide field of view. ClothingYour jacket and snow pants should be properly fitting and recently cleaned. Make sure your gloves are in good shape and offer a sense of comfort. 3. Dont forget extra items like warm socks, neck warmers and ski masks as well. FoodAnyone who has ev
37、er purchased lunch at the ski lodge knows just how expensive it can be. Packing your own lunch saves you money and gets you back on the slopes faster. 4, bring plenty of fluids to drink on breaks between runs. 5Know your way to the mountain before you hit the road and consider writing down direction
38、s if you know youre heading into areas with spotty service. At the mountain, choose a designated meeting place in case the group becomes separateda spot near the main lift often works well. Check the forecast and current conditions of the mountain. Many ski resorts will have live updates on the numb
39、er of open trails and lifts. A. Routes and planningB. Spots and conditionsC. If you are fully preparedD. The more prepared you areE. While bringing a bottle of water with you on the mountain isnt recommendedF. Besides, long underwear goes a long way in keeping your legs warm and comfortableG. If you
40、 are taking your skis onto the slope for the very first time, they may also need a fresh wax【文章大意】本文为说明文, 主要介绍了滑雪时应做的一些准备。1. 【解析】选D。前句介绍滑雪出行前的准备, 该空后提到的是有个好的准备的结果, 故本空也应该与准备相关, 而“the more. . . , the more. . . ”句式也为判断答案的依据之一。故选D。 2. 【解析】选G。本段介绍滑雪装备。根据常识可知, 设备使用前需打蜡, 分析选项可知G项中的“also need”与上文“Your skii
41、ng equipment composed of your skis, poles, bindings, helmet, and goggles should be checked over”相呼应, 故选G。 3. 【解析】选F。从小标题可知本段介绍的是“Clothing(衣物)”。分析选项可知F项中“long underwear goes a long way in keeping your legs warm and comfortable”中的“long underwear”就是属于衣服, 这是提示字眼。故选F。 4. 【解析】选E。本段介绍的是“Food”, 是对吃喝的准备。分析选项
42、可知E项“不建议你带着一瓶水上山”符合段意, 且与后文相呼应, 故选E。 5. 【解析】选A。本题考查段落小标题。分析最后一段的内容“Know your way to. . . down directions if you know youre heading into areas with spotty service. At the mountain, choose a designated meeting. . . ”可知, 本段叙述的是路线及计划。故选A。 . 完形填空 When I was a kid, my parents sent me to a summer camp in N
43、ew Hampshire. The most memorable 1 was an overnight trip of mountain climbing. If youve ever 2 a mountain, you know its a physical challenge, 3 when youre carrying your food and shelter on your back. When campers got 4, they certainly started complaining. “How much farther is it? ”“I cant go any fur
44、ther. ”“My 5 is too heavy. Can you carry it for me? ”The reply of the 6 was, “Suck it up”. The truth is that the complaining campers were 7 near the point of 8. If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the 9 and given them care. The kids simply werent used to the physical challenge. Once th
45、ey realized they werent getting any sympathy, they 10 the discomfort, and in most cases 11 having a great time. No one likes a complainer. Theyre 12 and they hurt the group. Complaining makes life 13 for everyone. Instead, if you determine to master your own 14, to move past it and focus on a 15, it
46、s my experience that youll realize it wasnt bad in the first place. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”小时候参加了一个夏令营, 期间和其他人一起参加夜晚登山露营活动。登山过程中, 有人会抱怨走不动了; 但是后来“我”发现, 如果我们停止抱怨, 坚持下去, 我们的道路并没有那么难走。1. A. experienceB. behaviourC. occasionD. situation【解析】选A。根据该句中的“an overnight trip of mountain climbing”可知, 此处表示这是最难以忘怀的一次经历
47、(experience)。behaviour行为; occasion 场合; situation情形。2. A. seen B. reachedC. climbed D. described【解析】选C。根据上文中的“mountain climbing”可知, 此处表示“爬”(climb)山。 see看到; reach到达; describe描述。3. A. especiallyB. normallyC. obviously D. naturally【解析】选A。根据语境可知, 爬山是一种身体上的挑战, 尤其(especially)是当你背着食物和露营装备的时候。normally正常地; ob
48、viously明显地; naturally自然地。4. A. ashamedB. tiredC. puzzled D. shocked【解析】选B。根据语境并结合常识可知, 当露营者累了(tired)的时候, 他们开始抱怨。ashamed羞愧的; puzzled困惑的; shocked震惊的。5. A. food B. waterC. shelter D. backpack【解析】选D。根据第一段中的“when youre carrying your food and shelter on your back”可知, 此处表示有人抱怨自己的背包(backpack)太重。food食物; wate
49、r水; shelter遮蔽物。6. A. parents B. teachersC. guides D. partners【解析】选B。根据下文中的“the teachers would have noticed. . . care”可知, 此处表示“老师们(teachers)的回答”。 parents 父母; guides 导游; partners搭档。7. A. somewhere B. anywhereC. nowhere D. everywhere【解析】选C。根据语境并结合常识可知, 事实是, 抱怨的露营者远没有(nowhere)筋疲力尽(exhaustion), nowhere n
50、ear意为“远没有”。8. A. camp B. exhaustionC. mountain D. destination【解析】选B。事实是, 抱怨的露营者远没有筋疲力尽(exhaustion)。camp野营; mountain山; destination目的地。9. A. signs B. activitiesC. gestures D. scenes【解析】选A。根据语境可知, 如果有人筋疲力尽的话, 老师们会注意到这种迹象(signs), 并且给予他们照顾。activities活动; gestures姿态; scenes场面。10. A. shared B. understoodC.
51、suffered D. overcame【解析】选D。根据语境可知, 抱怨的人一旦意识到他们得不到同情, 他们会克服(overcame)不适。shared 分享; understood理解; suffered遭受。11. A. couldnt help B. ended upC. insisted on D. gave up【解析】选B。并且大多数情况下, 最终(ended up)玩得很开心。couldnt help禁不住; insisted on坚持; gave up放弃。12. A. amazing B. shockingC. worrying D. annoying【解析】选D。根据该句
52、中的“they hurt the group”可知, 抱怨的人让人讨厌(annoying)。amazing惊人的; shocking令人震惊的; worrying令人担忧的。13. A. poorer B. harderC. easier D. better【解析】选B。根据语境并结合常识可推知, 抱怨让每个人的生活更加艰难(harder)。14. A. life B. mindC. suffering D. mistake【解析】选C。根据语境可知, 相反, 据“我”的经验看, 如果你决心去掌控你的痛苦(suffering)。life生活; mind思想; mistake错误。15. A.
53、trip B. planC. solution D. dream【解析】选C。根据句意“据我的经验看, 越过它并集中注意力于解决方法, 那么一开始你就会意识到它并不是那么糟糕”可知此处为solution(解决方法)。trip旅行; plan计划; dream梦想。【备选语篇】 阅读理解(2021广州高二检测)Close your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending t
54、he rest of your life with your eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips. With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the worlds 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries possess most of this knowledge, w
55、hile developing countries do not. ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the worlds only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom.
56、Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries. ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques
57、to over 35, 000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs in China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China, ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to d
58、evelop a training center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province. ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness. For just $38, you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1, 300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13, 000 yo
59、u can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again. Your money can open their eyes to the world. Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。世界上的盲人多达四千万。ORBIS组织创办flying teaching
60、eye hospital, 为使贫穷国家获得均等的医疗知识和技术做了许多贡献。为让ORBIS组织发挥更大作用, 本文号召人们捐献爱心。1. The first paragraph is intended to _. A. introduce a new way of readingB. advise the public to lead a simple lifeC. direct the publics attention to the blindD. encourage the public to use imagination【解析】选C。写作意图题。该段有三句话, 连续用了三个imag
61、ine。尤其后两句要读者想象一下: 闭着眼睛度过余生将会怎样; 用指尖不用眼睛阅读此文又会怎样。作者的意图显然要大家体会一下盲人生活, 从而引起读者阅读下文话题的兴趣。因此C选项正确。 2. What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world? A. They are adequate. B. They have not been updated. C. They are not equally distributed. D. They have benefited most of the blin
62、d. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第二段告诉我们, 当今世界医疗知识如此丰富, 医疗技巧如此发达, 四千多万的盲人, 其中2/3的盲人不应该遭受失明的痛苦。然而发达国家的医疗知识和技术更先进, 能够给盲人带来更多的帮助, 但是发展中国家并没有这样的技术。这显然是医疗资源的分配不均。由此可知C选项正确。 3. ORBIS aims to help the blind by _. A. teaching medical studentsB. training doctors and nursesC. running flying hospitals globallyD. setting up n
63、on-profit organization【解析】选B。细节理解题。文中第三段告诉我们, 在ORBIS组织中教给医生使盲人恢复视力的最新技术; 在第四段中还可知ORBIS组织通过提供为期三个星期的培训课程来帮助发展中国家; 该段还提到ORBIS 组织已教了三万五千多名医生护士相关的恢复视力技巧。由此得知, B选项与此意吻合。 4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. ORBIS in ChinaB. Fighting BlindnessC. ORBIS Flying HospitalD. Sight-seeing Techniques【解析】选C。标题归纳题。全文先以吸引读者关注盲人入手, 然后介绍ORBIS组织运营的flying teaching eye hospital为全世界培训医生和护士所做出的贡献。最后倡导大家捐款来帮助ORBIS组织运营的flying teaching eye hospital。唯有C选项符合文章大意。 【知识链接】国际奥比斯 (Orbis International, 简称Orbis) 是一个国际性非政府非营利机构, 肩负全球救盲使命。奥比斯透过提供医疗设备和技术, 以及培训眼科医护人员, 协助发展中国家制订长远的救盲计划, 解决可避免的盲疾。
