1、必修Book 1 Unit 5 Languages Around the WorldPeriod 1 Listening and Speaking01预习导学1 /bIljn/ n. 十亿2 /neItIv/adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的n. 本地人3 /tItjud；NAmE tItud/ n态度；看法4 /rIf(r)/vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫求助于 n参考；指称关系5 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 6neither 既不也不7pay attention 注意02课堂探究1How many billion people speak the UNs official langu
2、ages as their native or second language？有几十亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？(教材P60)native (relating to or describing someones country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place)(1)adj.本国的；本地的ones native country/land/language某人的祖国/故乡/母语be native to 原产于(2)n.本地人；本国人be a native of
3、的人；生长于的动物或植物 【活学活用】(1)According to Chart 1, which language has the largest number of native speakers?根据表1，以哪种语言为母语的人数最多？(2)Is her uncle a native Shanghai, or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？(3)Many birds were native New Zealand, but are now extinct.许多鸟原产于新西兰，但现在已经灭绝了。2What is the attitude of the s
4、peaker towards foreign language learning？说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？(教材P60)attitude n(the way that you think and feel about sb./sth.)态度； 看法； 姿势attitude to/towards对的态度/看法have/take a(n)attitude to/towards对持/采取的态度 【活学活用】(1)Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and 同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。(2)It
5、 was your bad attitude your work that made your parents angry.是你对工作的不良态度使你父母生气。3Pronouns (it，they，she, etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier. 代词(it, they, she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。(教材P60)refer to(1)refer toas把当/称作(2)reference n.提及；参考；查阅“查字典”的常用表达：look up the word in the dictionaryrefer to
6、/consult the dictionary 【活学活用】(1)He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didnt refer to his notebook while delivering his speech to natives他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在给当地人演讲时没有看笔记本。(2)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.教科书和词
7、典可用作参考书，而杂志可用作阅读材料。(3)写出下列句中refer to的含义Since the boy has been punished, please dont refer to that matter again. If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary. When I said some people were stupid, I wasnt referring to you. As far as I know, he is referred to as a livi
8、ng Lei Feng. 03随堂小练.单句填空1Our programme ensures daily opportunities to practice English with n speakers.2Being out of work produces a negative a to work.3In this city it is neither too hot too cold in autumn.4As is known to us，the panda is native China.5He used (sleep) late in the morning. Now he has
9、 got used to (get) up early.6After living among the (native) for twenty years, the painter forgot his own language.7We should pay more attention to (unite) and working with the people who differ from us.8Read these notes carefully and keep them for future (refer).9Study this example and refer the ex
10、planation below.10What is your attitude senior high students taking up a parttime job?.句式填空1在老师的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。With the teachers encouragement, he gradually developed 2我过去上班时，时常在路上碰到他。I from time to time on my way to work.3我忘记了那次战役的日期，所以我查阅了历史书。I had forgotten the date of that battle so I 4我迟到的原因
11、是我被困在大雨中了。 was that I was caught in a heavy rain.04培优提升I.阅读理解AIf you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?According to a new study by a Britis
12、h university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes(处理) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles(肌肉).The study also found the
13、 effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well
14、 as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.“Our findings suggest that the structure(结构)of th
15、e brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives
16、you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的)，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings had the same result in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ag
17、es of two and thirtyfour. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.()1The main idea of this passage is Ascience on learning a se
18、cond languageBmans ability to learn a second languageCthat language learning can increase the brain powerDlanguage learning and maths study()2The underlined word“bilinguals”probably means “”Aa researcher on language learningBa second language learnerCa person who can speak two languagesDan active la
19、nguage learner()3We may know from the scientific findings that Athe earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density isBthere is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesnt know a second languageCthe experience of learning a second languag
20、e has a bad effect on peoples brainDthe ability to learn a second language is changing all the time()4In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that Alearning a second language is the same as studying mathsBearly learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other su
21、bjectsCEnglish is the best choice for you as a second languageDyoud better learn a second language at the age of 2 to 34BHow do you refer to those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perhaps theyre rad. In the 1980s, you might have called them bad.What do all these int
22、eresting words have in common? Theyre all slang(俚语) words.The word“slang”has an interesting beginning.It began as a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country.Over time, it was used to refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special p
23、laces.Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech that these salesmen used to advertise their goods.Language develops continuously over time.New words and new meanings of old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaki
24、ng and writing.Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive.Over recent years, many slang words have come from three sources: popular music, politics(政治), and the Internet.Popular music, especially rap and hip hop, has led to many slang words as singers come up wit
25、h increasingly creative ways to express themselves.For better or worse, some words have taken on new meanings.Perhaps the biggest source of slang words, however, is the Internet.In todays world, that fact should surprise no one.Whether its the changing nature of technology itself or a quickly changi
26、ng trend(趋势), the Internet provides ideas for new slang words more than anything else does.It also helps those words to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever before.Thanks to the popularity of the Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear
27、 and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.()5What do we know about the words mentioned in Paragraph 1?AThey are all very common.BThey are all different dialects.CThey all have the same meaning.DThey all refer to interesting things.()6What d
28、o we know about slang words according to Paragraph 3?AThey offer new ideas to singers.BThey can show users creativity.CThey are used more in speaking than in writing.DThey give people new ways to express themselves.()7How is the influence of the Internet on slang words?AIt is fast and wide.BIt is ha
29、rmful.CIt is longlasting.DIt is indirect.()8Whats the best title for the text?AThe Power of LanguageBWhere Do Slang Words Come From?CHow Can We Correctly Use Slang Words?DThe Influence of the Internet on Slang WordsII.七选五Simple ways to improve your written EnglishMany people think it is really diffi
30、cult to improve their writing in English. Dont worry, though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.Increase your vocabulary.To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. Thats not just being able to know lots of words it means actually being
31、able to use them correctly. 1 Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word.2 People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words pro
32、perly.Tip: 3 Learning shouldnt be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.Improve your grammar.Grammar is very important because it improves the quality (质量) of your writing.Tip: 4 The first time, look for general mistakes and
33、 the second time look for mistakes with the grammar points you are studying at the moment.Just do it!The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and a piece of paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. 5 AKnow your readers.BRead widely and often.CAlways check
34、 your writing twice.DRemember, “Practice makes perfect！”EChoose books or articles that interest you.FUse simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas.GDo this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists.必修Book 1 Unit 5 Languages Around the WorldPeriod 1 Listening a
35、nd Speaking01预习导学1 billion /bIljn/ n. 十亿2 native /neItIv/adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的n. 本地人3 attitude /tItjud；NAmE tItud/ n态度；看法4 refer /rIf(r)/vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫求助于 reference n.参考；指称关系5 refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 6neither nor 既不也不7pay attention to 注意02课堂探究1How many billion people speak the UNs official languages
36、as their native or second language？有几十亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？(教材P60)native (relating to or describing someones country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place)(1)adj.本国的；本地的ones native country/land/language某人的祖国/故乡/母语be native to 原产于(2)n.本地人；本国人be a native of的人；生长
37、于的动物或植物 【活学活用】(1)According to Chart 1, which language has the largest number of native speakers?根据表1，以哪种语言为母语的人数最多？(2)Is her uncle a native of Shanghai, or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？(3)Many birds were native to New Zealand, but are now extinct.许多鸟原产于新西兰，但现在已经灭绝了。2What is the attitude of the
38、speaker towards foreign language learning？说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？(教材P60)attitude n(the way that you think and feel about sb./sth.)态度； 看法； 姿势attitude to/towards对的态度/看法have/take a(n)attitude to/towards对持/采取的态度 【活学活用】(1)Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude 同样重要的是良好的学
39、习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。(2)It was your bad attitude towards/to your work that made your parents angry.是你对工作的不良态度使你父母生气。3Pronouns (it，they，she, etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier. 代词(it, they, she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。(教材P60)refer to(1)refer toas把当/称作(2)reference n.提及；参考；查阅“查字典”的常用表达：look up th
40、e word in the dictionaryrefer to/consult the dictionary 【活学活用】(1)He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didnt refer to his notebook while delivering his speech to natives他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在给当地人演讲时没有看笔记本。(2)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the
41、magazines serve as reading materials.教科书和词典可用作参考书，而杂志可用作阅读材料。(3)写出下列句中refer to的含义Since the boy has been punished, please dont refer to that matter again. 提及 If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary. 查阅；参考 When I said some people were stupid, I wasnt referring to
42、 you. 指的是 As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng. 被称作 03随堂小练.单句填空1Our programme ensures daily opportunities to practice English with native speakers.2Being out of work produces a negative attitude to work.3In this city it is neither too hot nor too cold in autumn.4As is known to us
43、，the panda is native to China.5He used to sleep (sleep) late in the morning. Now he has got used to getting (get) up early.6After living among the natives (native) for twenty years, the painter forgot his own language.7We should pay more attention to uniting (unite) and working with the people who d
44、iffer from us.8Read these notes carefully and keep them for future reference (refer).9Study this example and refer to the explanation below.10What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a parttime job?.句式填空1在老师的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。With the teachers encouragement, he gradually devel
45、oped a positive attitude towards/to life 2我过去上班时，时常在路上碰到他。I used to run into him from time to time on my way to work.3我忘记了那次战役的日期，所以我查阅了历史书。I had forgotten the date of that battle so I referred to a history book 4我迟到的原因是我被困在大雨中了。 The reason why I was late was that I was caught in a heavy rain.04培优提升
46、I.阅读理解AIf you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an
47、 increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes(处理) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles(肌肉).The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a seco
48、nd language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey
49、matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.“Our findings suggest that the structure(结构)of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a seco
50、nd language，”said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more f
51、lexible (灵活的)，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings had the same result in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirtyfour. Reading, writing, and compreh
52、ension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.(C)1The main idea of this passage is Ascience on learning a second languageBmans ability to learn a second languageC
53、that language learning can increase the brain powerDlanguage learning and maths study(C)2The underlined word“bilinguals”probably means “”Aa researcher on language learningBa second language learnerCa person who can speak two languagesDan active language learner(A)3We may know from the scientific fin
54、dings that Athe earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density isBthere is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesnt know a second languageCthe experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on peoples brainDthe ability to l
55、earn a second language is changing all the time(B)4In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that Alearning a second language is the same as studying mathsBearly learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjectsCEnglish is the best choice for you as a seco
56、nd languageDyoud better learn a second language at the age of 2 to 34答案及解析：【语篇解读】研究表明学一门外语会让你变得更聪明。这是真的吗？为什么呢？本文给出了答案。1C主旨大意题。本文为我们讲述了学习一门外语会增强我们大脑的能力，而且越早越好。故选C。2C词义猜测题。根据第三段该画线词后的who had learnt a second language before the age of five可知，这个词指的是会说两种语言的人。故选C。3A细节理解题。根据第三段内容They were compared with a g
57、roup of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new
58、 language, the smaller the difference was.可知，研究表明会说两种语言的人大脑的灰质密度比不会说外语的人的密度大，但是学外语越晚，这种差距越小。所以学外语越早，大脑的灰质密度越大。故选A。4B推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，学习外语可以让我们的大脑更灵活，对各种不同的观点会有更好的理解力。所以学习外语对学习别的科目也有好处。故选B。BHow do you refer to those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perhaps theyre rad
59、. In the 1980s, you might have called them bad.What do all these interesting words have in common? Theyre all slang(俚语) words.The word“slang”has an interesting beginning.It began as a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country.Over time, it was used to
60、 refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special places.Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech that these salesmen used to advertise their goods.Language develops continuously over time.New words and new meanings of old words come out as pe
61、ople try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaking and writing.Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive.Over recent years, many slang words have come from three sources: popular music, politics(政治), and the Internet.Popular music, especially
62、 rap and hip hop, has led to many slang words as singers come up with increasingly creative ways to express themselves.For better or worse, some words have taken on new meanings.Perhaps the biggest source of slang words, however, is the Internet.In todays world, that fact should surprise no one.Whet
63、her its the changing nature of technology itself or a quickly changing trend(趋势), the Internet provides ideas for new slang words more than anything else does.It also helps those words to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever before.Thanks to the popularity of t
64、he Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.(C)5What do we know about the words mentioned in Paragraph 1?AThey are all very common.BThey are all different dialects.CThey all
65、have the same meaning.DThey all refer to interesting things.(D)6What do we know about slang words according to Paragraph 3?AThey offer new ideas to singers.BThey can show users creativity.CThey are used more in speaking than in writing.DThey give people new ways to express themselves.(A)7How is the
66、influence of the Internet on slang words?AIt is fast and wide.BIt is harmful.CIt is longlasting.DIt is indirect.(B)8Whats the best title for the text?AThe Power of LanguageBWhere Do Slang Words Come From?CHow Can We Correctly Use Slang Words?DThe Influence of the Internet on Slang Words答案及解析：【语篇解读】英
67、语中有很多俚语，它们生动有趣，富有创造性。现代俚语一般有三个来源：流行音乐、政治及互联网。5C细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这几个单词都可以用来形容很棒的人、事或经历等。它们都是俚语，都有着共同的含义。6D细节理解题。根据第三段中的New words and new meanings of old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways可知，人们努力用新的、创造性的方式来表达自己时，新词或旧词新意就出现了。所以，俚语可以让人们用新的方式表达自己。7A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为
68、互联网能够使俚语迅速传播。相比起过去的几年或几个月的时间，它能够使一个新的俚语在几天内在全世界范围内迅速传播。8B标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了俚语的来源。II.七选五Simple ways to improve your written EnglishMany people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Dont worry, though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.
69、Increase your vocabulary.To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. Thats not just being able to know lots of words it means actually being able to use them correctly. 1 G Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word.2 B People often say that we learn
70、to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly.Tip: 3 E Learning shouldnt be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressio
71、ns in the text.Improve your grammar.Grammar is very important because it improves the quality (质量) of your writing.Tip: 4 C The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar points you are studying at the moment.Just do it!The best way to improve your w
72、riting is to get a pen and a piece of paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. 5 D AKnow your readers.BRead widely and often.CAlways check your writing twice.DRemember, “Practice makes perfect！”EChoose books or articles that interest you.FUse simpler language and sho
73、rter sentences to show your ideas.GDo this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists.答案及解析：【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种提高英语写作的方法。1G选项中的“this”指的是该空前的“it means actually being able to use them correctly”。本段是说增加词汇量并不仅仅是知道很多单词，而是要懂其用法。2B由下文的“get an idea of the different styles of writing
74、and see how to use words properly”可知，本段讲阅读对写作的帮助。故选B项。3E由上文的“learn to write best by reading”和该空后的“Learning shouldnt be boring”可知，阅读有助于写作，但要选择那些让你感兴趣的书籍或文章。故选E项。4CC项中的“check your writing twice”与该空后的“The first time general mistakes”和“the second time mistakes with the grammar points”相呼应。5D由本段小标题“Just do it！”和下文中的“get a pen and a piece of paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text”可知，想要提高写作就要多动笔写，俗话说得好，熟能生巧。
