1、山西省山阴县2014高考英语阅读理解（13）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡将该项涂黑。【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】ADickens & London ExhibitionDate: 9 December, 2011-10 June, 2012 Location: Museum of LondonCelebrate the 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Dickens in the first major UK exhibition for his works, while ra
2、rely seen manuscripts(手稿) including Bleak House and David Copperfield -writtenin the authors own hand -will offer clues to his creative genius.During your visit youll discover how Dickens childhood experiences of London were introduced into the stories he wrote. The great social questions of the19th
3、 century will also be examined, all of which set the scene for Dickens greatest works.Highlights of the exhibition will inc1ude an exciting audio-visual experience bringing to life the desk and chair where Dickens worked on his nove1s, and a special film shot by one of the UKs leading documentary fi
4、lmmakers.Packages include afternoon entry (1:00 pm -4:00 pm) to the exhibition plus overnight accommodation at a nearby hotel. If you wish to visit the exhibition the day after your hotel stay, p1ease call our reservation department. Call: 08712212717.Book a trip online with us, with tickets to Dick
5、ens & London Exhibition -afternoon entry and hotel accommodation included in the price. All taxes included. No credit card fees. No booking fees. No discount.Price Information: a package costs an adult 180 and a child 90 ( 4-15 ) ; an afternoon entry costs an adult 28 and a child 14 ( 4-15 ).56. Dur
6、ing the visit, visitors can _A. read three Dickensmanuscripts ,B. experience a vivid picture of Victorian LondonC. find the great social problems in London at presentD. sit at the desk where Dickens worked hard on his novels57. What do we know about Dickens in this passage?A. He used to be a filmmak
7、er .B. He lived a hard life in his childhood.C. He wrote different themes into his works.D. He wrote social violence into his books.58. If we book a trip online, we have the following benefits EXCEPT that _ .A. we can book it free of chargeB. we will pay none of the taxesC. we will pay none of credi
8、t card feesD. we will be given a discount59. How much should a couple with one child at 10 and another at 18 pay if they have a package ? A. 360 B. 540 C. 630 D. 720【参考答案】5659BCDC 阅读理解 Have you got any wonderful plans for your coming winter vacation? Here are some wonderful films for you to kill tim
9、e.Away We Go With a baby on his way, a young couple, Burt and Verona, look at their lives and are puzzled about what they really want. So they hit the road and seek a place to call home.On their journey, they visit a handful of characters and learned a lot. Its about taking the scenic route in life,
10、 preparing for the hope and excitement and fear of new beginnings, while never forgetting to look out of the window.Orphan Esther, a bright and well-behaved child, however, is not as innocent as she appears. Soon after being taken home, the peace of her adoptive family is completely changedYou want
11、a good horror film about a child from hell? Then you got one! Do not, in any cases, take children to see it. 500 Days of Summer Tom is in love with Summer from the moment he sees her. Can he accept that she simply likes him for now, not for forever? The movie is about Tom wrestling with that reality
12、. Tom remembers his love, Summer, as a series of joys and bafflements. But Summer is just herself and he cannot have her. Here is a rare movie that begins by telling us how it will end and is about how the hero has no idea why.2012The director Roland Emmerich successfully dresses a corny story with
13、an old Mayan prediction, which is believed by many to happen in the coming 2012 and as a result, attracts millions of people into the cinema. Its just an entertaining Hollywood blockbuster(大片) with plenty of jokes, instead of a description of what the end of the world is really like. Dont take it to
14、o seriously!8. This passage aims to _.A. make comments on films for a cinema B. introduce films for a film corporationC. recommend several films for fun D. advertise several films for a website9. If you bring your seven-year-old sister to the cinema, which of the following film should you avoid?A. A
15、way We Go. B. Orphan. C. 2012. D. 500 Days of Summer.10. Among all the characters mentioned in the passage, who directed films in Hollywood? A. Roland Emmerich. B. Tom and Summer. C. Burt and Verona. D. Esther.11. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Orphan is a come
16、dy about Esther adopted by a kind family. B. 500 Days of Summer is a romance with a happy ending. C. Away We Go shows beautiful scenery on the young couples journey.D. The ancient Mayan prediction is going to happen in 2012.【参考答案】811、CBAC 阅读理解-DWhat would you do if you were lost in the dark forest a
17、t night? The first sensible lesson is that you shouldnt bother trying to find your way in the dark at all, but just stay put until dawn. Because then you wont trip over things? No, mainly because youll have an idea of direction. The sun rises in the east. But you will be amazed at how many people fo
18、rget they know that. Apparently, the area underneath a holly bush provides a good makeshift shelter they are thick, and evergreen. The next thing to do or rather not to do is panic, for the obvious reason that unless there is someone there to hear you scream, it will get you nowhere. Just try to thi
19、nk of nice, happy things.There is always a point in films when a person who is lost in the desert or the snow, dehydrated(脱水的) and exhausted, comes across a set of their own footprints and realizes they have just walked in a huge, round circle. It is wrong to owe it to the unequal strengths or diffe
20、rent lengths of your legs. Experiments prove that, without the sun or the moon (or landmarks) as a fixed guide, lots of small errors add up over time so the brain cant correctly identify the “straight ahead” direction. To just get out of somewhere, pick a spot on the horizon and just head for it.The
21、re are several ways to find directions in the dark, and by far the best is to establish north using the stars. Most people can identify the Plough, which is part of Ursa Major. It looks a lot like a saucepan. The Plough rotates through the sky, but lets imagine the saucepan lying horizontally (水平地),
22、 with its handle on the left. You need to trace a line from the star at the right-hand base of the pan, through the star at the right-hand rim (边沿), and follow it upwards; the north star is roughly five times the distance between those two “pointer” stars. Then drop a vertical line from the North St
23、ar to the horizon and thats north.“Tonight is very cloudy and I cant see the Plough.” Maybe luckily, it is quite windy. Keep in mind that almost all of our weather comes from a south-westerly direction. (This only works if you are in the British Isles). To find the direction, you can throw light bit
24、s of dried-out grass in the air and see which way they blow; or, if there are clouds and patches of clear sky, see which way they blow across the stars. You can also get an idea of direction from leggy plants. If they look as if they have been blown over, they will probably be pointing north-east. I
25、f they are simply leaning in one direction as they grow, theres a good chance that is south (they will be reaching towards the sun). The last thing to do is to judge your direction and off you go.12. What might be the best title of the passage ?A. How to survive in the forestB. How to protect yourse
26、lf in the forest C. How to direct your way out of the wildD. What to do if you are lost13. Which of the following pictures matches the description of the position of the north star?14. Why will people often walk in a circle if they are lost in the desert or the snow?A. Because without anything to re
27、fer to for directions, the brain will be confused by errors.B. Because one of the legs is longer and stronger than the other.C. Because the desert or the snow usually covers a large area for people to get across.D. Because people usually feel dehydrated and exhausted in the desert or the snow.15. If
28、 you were lost in Taklimakan Desert in China, _ would NOT be dependable for you to identify the directions.A. the sun B. the North Star C. wind D. the moon【参考答案】1215、CDAC 阅读理解概述（5）题型探究探究点四推理判断题 一、题型特点与命题方式既要求考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含的意思，又要求考生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作出正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。这类试题常以如下句式发问：
29、1What can you conclude from this passage? 2Whats the authors attitude towards.? 3We can infer from the passage that.4Which statement is (not) true? 二、解题思路与应试技巧考生做题时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。首先，考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文的内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可
30、脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。 再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用浏览的方法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证、原因与结果、主观点与次观点。下面结合最新高考试题，对推理判断题的不同类型加以解读。1抓住特定
31、信息进行逆向或正向推理 做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出所隐含的深层含义。 例 1 【2011课标全国卷】.There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk would
32、nt freeze.And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house? AHe wanted to have tea there.BHe was a respectable person.CHe was t
33、reated as a family member.DHe was fully trusted by the family.【解析】 D推理判断题。联系文章我们知道，甚至有的住户把钥匙留给送奶员，让他把牛奶放到屋内，这充分说明了人们对他的信任。 2整合全文(段)信息进行推断 做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，最后确定最佳结论。例2 【2011北京卷】.In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating George Bush Sr. did it at age 80.Why
34、not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health.A year went by and I heard nothing.But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners.I just couldnt believe it.Inspired by this.I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doc
35、tor were against it. The author mentioned George Bush Sr.in her essay to _.Abuild up her own reputationBshow her admiration for himCcompare their health conditionDmake her argument persuasive【解析】 D推理判断题。根据In the essay，.stating George Bush Sr.did it at age 80.Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty g
36、ood health可以推断出选择：make her argument persuasive“让自己的辩论更富说服力”。 3利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断很多文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨大意、了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。例3 【2011课标全国卷】.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw b
37、rought back my childhood memories.I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊)Every so often my sons friends will ask what it is.So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk. .Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?AHe
38、 missed the good old days.BHe wanted to tell interesting stories.CHe missed it for his milk bottles.DHe planted flowers in it.【解析】 A推理判断题。从本段所给材料我们可以知道，作者向别人讲述过去的关于送奶员的故事，表明他非常怀念那段时光。 4根据文章的结论推断作者的态度 作者的态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之
39、中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。例 【2011北京卷】.The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter.The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region.There are chances for that power and mo
40、ney to do a lot of good.But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?ACautious. BApproving.CDoubtful. DDisapproving.【解析】 A推理判断题。根据There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good.they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind.可以推测出最佳答案选A，意为“谨慎的”。
