1、成才之路 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 必修4 Body Language and Nonverbal CommunicationModule 31.1.1 集合的概念第一课时 Introduction&Reading1.1.1 集合的概念Module 3课内合作探究2基 础 巩 固3课后强化作业4课前自主预习1课前自主预习.词汇初探1_(n.)武器2_(n.)姿势；姿态3_(n.)协议；交易4_(n.)前额5_(n.)手掌6_(vi.)张开7_(vt.)掌击weapongesturedealforeheadpalmspreadslap8 communicate(vi.)(用 语
2、言、信 号)传 递 信 息；交 流_(n.)交流；沟通9unconscious(adj.)无意的；不知不觉的_(adj.)意识到的；自觉的10_(vi.)变化various(adj.)各种各样的，各不相同的variation(n.)变化11formal(adj.)正式的_(adj.)非正式的12_(adv.)传统地traditional(adj.)传统的_(n.)传统communicationconsciousvaryinformaltraditionallytradition13_(adj.)恐吓的；具有威胁的threaten(v.)恐吓；威胁_(n.)恐吓；威胁14 _(vt.)包 括 i
3、nvolvement(n.)卷 入；牵 连_(adj.)参与的；和有关联的15slightly(adv.)轻微地；稍微_(adj.)轻轻的；稍微的；有一点的16bow(vi.)鞠躬_(n.)鞠躬17_(n.)年轻人young(adj.)年轻的threateningthreatinvolveinvolvedslightbowyouth.短语互译1在远处 _2想出；想到 _3举起手 _4与某人握手 _5more than _6vary from.to._7on guard _8make a deal _9hold up _10give away _in the distancethink ofra
4、ise ones handshake hands with sb.多于；不仅仅 在之中变化(保持)警惕达成协议；做成交易举起暴露(自己的情况).完成句子1这篇文章对我们来说不容易理解。This article is not easy _.(不定式的复合结构)2如果天气允许，这周六我们去游玩好吗？_，shall we go outing this Saturday？(独立主格)3你对她对你说的话那么肯定吗？Are you so sure of_？(宾语从句)for us to understandWeather permittingwhat she said to you.语篇理解Step 1I
5、ntroductionDo you know the meanings of the body languages in the following pictures?Please match the given words with the pictures.point，wave，thumbs up，shake，clap，a high five，smileStep 2Fastreading.Read the passage fast and match each part with their general idea.PartsGeneral ideasPart 1(Paragraph 1
6、)A.Body language gives away much more than words.Part 2(Paragraphs 24)B.What is body language？Part 3(Paragraph 5)C.Body language varies when people greet others.True(T)or False(F)1Body Language varies from culture to culture.()2 Europeans shake hands with their right hand when greeting.()3In Asian c
7、ountries greeting involves touching each other.()4Muslims greet by joining their hands and bowing their heads.()5People can give away more by gestures than by words.()Step 3CarefulreadingChoose the best answer according to the passage.1How should we understand the word“communication”？AIt only refers
8、 to words and sentences.BIt refers to spoken and written words.CIt refers to not only spoken and written words but also body language.DNone of the above.2Which of the following gestures shows that one trusts others?ABeing on guard all the time.BShaking hands with the left hand.CShaking hands with th
9、e stronger hand.DShaking hands with a weapon.3Why do Europeans and Americans shake hands with their right hands?AThey have been used to it.BThe right hands are the weakest ones.CThey think it is formal.DThey want to express they trust each other.4“Give me five！”_.Ais only used by the American youths
10、Bis a gesture of formal greetingCis now very popular both in America and in other placesDcan happen when people hold something in their hands5Body language is fascinating because _.Aeveryone is supposed to study itByou can become a mind readerCone can understand others better by their body languageD
11、one can imitate othersStep 4SummaryFill in the blanks according to the passage.We communicate with 1._ just spoken and written words.We also need to learn body language,which 2._ from culture to culture.Traditionally,Europeans and Americans shake hands with their right hand.It means“I trust you.Look
12、,I am not carrying a 3._ weapon.”They also shake hands when they make a 4._.In China,we put the right hand over the left and bow 5._ when we greet someone while Muslims give a“salaam”.Hindus join their hands and bow their heads in respect.The expression“Give me five！”is also a gesture forAmerican yo
13、uths to greet one another.Body language is 6._ for anyone to study.You can give 7._ much more by gestures than by words.So look at your friends and family to see if you are a 8._.Step 5DiscussionCan you guess what someone is thinking or feeling looking at his or her body language?_答案：Step 11.clap2.s
14、hake3.thumbs up4.point5.smile6.a high five7.waveStep 2.Part 1：BPart 2：CPart 3：A.1.T2.T3.F4.F5.TStep 315 CCDCCStep 41.more than2.varies3.threatening4.deal5slightly6.fascinating7.away8.mind readerStep 5Yes,I can.A persons body language can tell us what he or she is feeling.For example,if someone is ne
15、rvous,his or her hands may shake.If a person smiles but his or her eyes dont look happy,we can guess that there is something wrong.No,I cant.It is difficult to tell what a person is thinking by looking at his or her body language.People use body language in different ways and gestures may have diffe
16、rent meanings in different areas.People dont always think about their body language,so we may misunderstand them if we try to guess what they are thinking or feeling.It is also possible for people to learn to use their body language to hide what they are really feeling or thinking.课内合作探究1.introduce
17、v.介绍；引见；使相互认识；采用；实施；推行知识拓展(1)introduce sb.to sb.把某人介绍给某人The headmaster introduced our new teachers to us.校长把新教师们介绍给了我们。(2)introduce oneself 自我介绍Let me introduce myself.My name is Melody Johnson.让我自我介绍一下，我叫梅洛迪约翰逊。(3)introduce sth.to/into 把引进；使传入Some Western cultures are introduced into our country.很多
18、西方文化传入中国。(4)introduce sb.to sth.使某人初次尝试某物Mother introduced me to the joys of learning.妈妈让我初次尝到了学习的乐趣。单词积累introduction n.介绍；采用；传入即学即用语法填空(1)It is worth considering what makes“convenience”foods so popular,and_(introduce)better ones of your own.答案：introducing本题句意为：值得考虑一下什么使得“方便”食品这么受人欢迎，并且介绍一下你自己比较喜欢的那
19、些“食品”。and连接consider与introduce，故introduce也要用v.ing形式作为worth的宾语使用。(2)The food here is nice enough.My friend _(introduce)me a right place.答案：introduced本题考查动词的时态。这里用一般过去时表示过去发生的事实。句意为：我朋友还真给我找对了地方。从对食物的评价来看，introduce这一动作当然是已经发生，故用一般过去时。2match v.(1)般配；与相配Its difficult to match the color of old paint.很难找到和
20、旧画颜色相配的色彩。(2)(与)相同；相似；相一致Her fingerprints match those found at the scene of the crime.她的指纹与犯罪现场的指纹相吻合。(3)match sb./sth.(to/with sb./sth.)相称(或相关)的人(或物)；将配对The aim of the competition is to match the quote to the person who said it.比赛的要求是把引文和它的作者配在一起。(4)与相匹敌；和不相上下The teams were evenly matched.各队的水平旗鼓相当
21、。n.(1)C火柴He struck the match twice,but it couldnt burn.他擦了两次火柴，可是点不着。(2)C比赛；竞赛They are playing an important match against Liverpool on Sunday.星期天他们和利物浦队有一场重要比赛。(3)sing.敌手；旗鼓相当的人He is Johns match for bravery.他与约翰勇气相当。(4)sing.相配的人(或物)；般配的人(或物)The napkins were a nice match for the tablecloth.餐巾和桌布相配得很好
22、。知识拓展match sb./sth.against/with sb./sth.让同较量find/meet ones match(in sb.)遇到对手；棋逢对手即学即用语法填空Her shoes_her dress;they look very well together.答案：match考查动词词义。句意：她的鞋子和衣服很配，它们搭配起来很好看。match“般配；与相配”。3communicate v.(1)交流(信息、消息、意见等)；沟通We only communicate by Email.我们只通过电子邮件进行交流。(2)传递；传达(想法、感情、思想等)He was eager t
23、o communicate his ideas to the group.他急于把想法传给小组。知识拓展(1)communication n.传达；信息；通讯；通信(2)communicate with sb.与某人联络be in communication with 与通讯；与保持联系注意：communication作“通讯；通信”解时，为不可数名词；作“信息”解时，为可数名词。Radio is the only means of communication in remote areas.边远地区唯一的通讯工具就是无线电。即学即用介、副词填空(1)We usually communicat
24、e _ letter.(2)We communicated _ an interpreter.(3)She is unable to communicate her ideas _ other people.(4)The couples who communicate well _ each other quarrel little.(5)To be wellinformed,we should be _ communication _ each other _ what happens to us.答案：(1)by(2)through(3)to(4)with(5)in；with；about4
25、unconscious adj.未发觉的；无意识的；不省人事的This wounded soldier was unconscious from his loss of blood.这名伤员由于失血过多而昏迷不醒。After she hit her head,she was unconscious for several minutes.她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟。知识拓展(1)conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的He became conscious again in a minute.他立刻又恢复了知觉。I had to make a conscious effort not t
26、o be rude to him.我必须刻意约束自己不要对他粗鲁。(2)固定搭配：be conscious/unconscious of sth.意识到/未意识到某事She is very conscious of the importance of the problem.她完全意识到了问题的重要性。I was unconscious of her presence.我不知道她在场。辨析：conscious与awareHe may be conscious of fear,but not altogether aware of the danger which is going on abo
27、ut him.他可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然察觉到他周围将发生什么危险。conscious表示内心所意识到的感觉。aware指感官上的知觉。即学即用语法填空She was quite _(conscious)of having made a careless mistake.答案：unconsciousunconscious“不省人事的；未发觉的，无意识的”。句意为：她丝毫没有意识到自己犯下了一个粗心的错误。5vary v变化The quality of our products never varies;its always excellent.我们的产品质量从未改变，一直都是上乘的。The
28、 weather varied from mild to quite cold.天气从暖和变得非常冷了。知识拓展(1)vary的过去式和过去分词是varied。(2)同根词：variety n.变化；多变(化)；various adj.不同种类的；各种各样的(3)与vary有关的固定句型：vary in sth.在方面不同(有差异)vary with sth.随着变化vary from.to.从到变化链接：various adj.不同的；许多的提示：a variety of与varieties of意思相同，用法也相同，既可修饰不可数名词，又可修饰可数名词的复数。辨析：vary与changev
29、ary尤指不断地变化，或由于变化而会产生一系列差别。change可以指任何变化，常用来指根本的或完全的变化，强调与原先的情况明显不同。My design cannot vary with the funds.我的设计不能因经费问题而改来改去。I have to change my design.我不得不改变我的设计。即学即用语法填空Not surprisingly,the prices of products vary _ quality and market conditions such as supply and demand.答案：withvary强调不规则或连续地改变，vary wi
30、th“随而变化”；根据句意，用with。句意为：不足为怪，产品价格随产品的质量和市场的供需状况而改变。6formal adj.正式的The dinner was a formal affair.这是正式宴会。Her dress was too showy for such a formal occasion.在这么正式的场合她穿的衣服有点太花哨了。知识拓展informal adj.非正式的Though this is an informal call,he wears a format dress.尽管这是一次非正式访问，他仍然穿着礼服。The president will pay an in
31、formal visit to that country.总统将对那个国家进行非正式访问。即学即用语法填空(1)I need something comfortable enough to travel in but _ enough for the meeting room.答案：formalformal“正式的”。句意为：我要一些旅行时穿起来很舒服但是开会时也够正式的衣服。(2)Its only a small _(formal)partyyou dont have to dress up.答案：informalinformal“非正式的”，根据其后解释“.you dont have to
32、 dress up.”可知答案为informal。句意为：这不过是一个小型的非正式的聚会，你用不着刻意打扮。7threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的He made an admission that he had used threatening behavior.他承认用了恐吓手段。知识拓展(1)threaten vt.威胁；恐吓Toms father threatened to beat him if he stole again.汤姆的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西就揍他。(2)threat nC，U威胁，恐吓；前兆，征兆His presence is a threat to ou
33、r success.他的出现对我们的成功是一个威胁。There was a threat of typhoon.有刮台风的征兆。即学即用语法填空David threatened _(report)his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.答案：to reportthreaten后接动词不定式作宾语，threaten to do sth.意为“威胁要做某事”；report这一动作的执行者是David，故用不定式的主动式。句意为：戴维威胁说，他邻居如果不赔偿损失，他就要报案。8deal n.(1)大量；很多They spent
34、 a great deal of money.他们花了大量的钱。(2)协议；指交易We did a deal with the management on overtime.我们与资方在加班问题上达成了一项协议。v.(dealt,dealt)(1)(与with连用)对付；应付；解决；处理；涉及；关于How would you deal with an armed burglar?遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？This book deals with the ancient history of China.这本书讨论中国古代史。(2)(与with连用)与有贸易往来；与做买卖Ive deal
35、t with this shop for 20 years.我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。知识拓展a good deal 许多call it a deal俚就这样决定；一言为定do/make a deal(with)(与)做成一笔交易；(与)达成协议Thats a deal.就这么办，一言为定。辨析：deal with与do with(1)deal with表示“处理；对待(人或事)”，常与how连用；作“与交易”讲时，不可用于被动语态。He knows well how to deal with children.他很了解如何与孩子相处。(2)do with表示“处理；对待”，多与wha
36、t连用。The new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.那位新老师不知应该如何对待班里的学生。即学即用语法填空(1)With the world changing fast,we have something new_(deal)with all by ourselves every day.答案：to deal考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上to deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰something new。(2)This amount which I cannot go above is my last offer.OK
37、,it is a _.答案：dealit is a deal意为“一言为定；成交”。句意为：这是我最后的出价，不能再高了。好吧，成交。9involve vt.包括；涉及；使参与Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person,but they always involve the hands.在亚洲国家，问候是不接触对方身体的，但经常会用到手。I was so involved in my book that I didnt hear your knock.I was so involved in rea
38、ding my book that I didnt hear your knock.我全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。Dont involve me in your quarrel.不要把我卷入你们的争吵。知识拓展(1)(构)involved adj.有牵连的involvement n.参与；加入；插手(2)get/be/become involved in 包含在；与有关；被卷入；专心地(做)involve sb.in sth.把某人卷入某事之中be involved with 涉及；关注即学即用语法填空(1)The job _(involve)dealing with people work
39、ing in different departments so it is not easy to do.答案：involvesinvolve“包含，需要”。句意为：这项服务需要与在不同部门工作的人打交道，因此不容易做。完成句子(2)我们每个人做出的决定包含碰运气。We each make decisions that _ taking a chance.(3)他们专心于工作。They were _ _ working.答案：(2)involves(3)involved in10spread vt.(1)使伸展；使延伸I spread my arms as far apart as I cou
40、ld.我尽可能地将双臂伸展开。(2)张开；展开；摊开Mom spread a new tablecloth on the table.妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。(3)撒；散布；传播；普及She was told not to spread this secret around.她被告知不要把这个秘密传出去。vi.(1)伸展；延伸；延长(out)A wide stretch of land spreads in front of us.我们面前是一片广阔的土地。(2)传开；蔓延The fire spread from the factory to the warehouse nearby.火从工
41、厂蔓延到了附近的仓库。提示：spread表示“(消息、谣言、知识等的)传播”时，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。知识拓展spread out 张开；伸开；铺开；扩大(张)；展开；伸长spread over 遍布；覆盖spread to 传到；波及；蔓延到辨析：spread与expandspread“伸开，传播”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。expand“展开，扩大”。不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。The fire soon spread to the nearby buildings.火势不久就波及了相邻的建筑。Water expands whe
42、n it freezes.水结冰时会膨胀。即学即用语法填空Papermaking began in China and from here it _ to North Africa and Europe.答案：spreadspread“传播；展开”。句意为：造纸起源于中国，并且从这里传播到北非和欧洲。1.not at all这个短语有两个含义，要根据上下文来确定：(1)一点也不，等于not in the least，这时not和at all可以隔开，not放在助动词后，而at all放在句末。I dont know him at all.我根本就不认识他。Are you hungry?你饿了吗
43、？Not at all.一点也不饿。(2)用于回答thank you时，youre welcome和thats all right意思相同，意为“不用谢，别客气”。Thank you for your treatment!谢谢你的款待！Not at all.不客气。知识拓展(1)at all用在肯定句中起强调作用，带有一些感情色彩，相当于on earth，有时可以不翻译，也可以译作“到底；竟然”。What have you done at all?你到底做了些什么？Im surprised at his passing the examination at all.我奇怪他竟然通过了考试。(2
44、)not at allnot in the leastnot a bit 一点也不；not a littlevery 非常即学即用语法填空Do you mind if I record your lecture?_.Go ahead.答案：Not at all考查交际用语。句意：我录下你的讲座你介意吗？一点也不(介意)，你录吧。not at all符合句意。2in the distance 在远处(但可以看到或听到)We saw light in the distance.我们看到远处有灯光。知识拓展(1)at/from a distance 在远处/从不太近的地方The detective
45、followed him at a distance.侦探远远的跟着他。(2)keep ones distance from sb./sth.与某人/某物保持一定距离(3)distance n.距离distant adj.远方的distantly adv.淡然地即学即用介词填空You cant see the picture clearly _ the distance.But youll find it beautiful when you see it _ a distance.答案：in；at3think of 考虑；思考We are thinking of going to Franc
46、e.我们考虑到法国去。I think of it as impossible.我认为这是不可能的。What do you think of it?你认为这件事怎么样？知识拓展think better of sb.对某人有更高的评价think highly of 看重；器重think well of 认为好think little of 看轻；看不起think poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视think nothing of 轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什么了不起即学即用完成句子Im thinking_where to spend my holiday.答案：about4on guard 警觉；
47、站岗on名词构成的词组，此处on表示处于某种状态或某个方位。on board乘(船，飞机)，on call听候召唤，on duty值班，on fire着火，on foot步行，on holiday 度假，on leave 休假，on sale 待售，on shore 在岸上，on time 准时，on the move 在进行中，on the other hand 另一方面，on the spot 当场，on the tip of ones tongue 快要说出口，on top of 在的顶部，on watch 值班即学即用单句改错We are on a guard until we fee
48、l safe._答案：去掉a5in respect 尊敬地He took off his hat and bowed to the queen in respect.他摘下帽子向王后尊敬地鞠了一躬。知识拓展(1)“in抽象名词”结构表示某种状态或方式，经常在句子中作状语。如：in surprise/silence/astonishment/excitement/anger 吃惊/默默/大吃一惊/兴奋/生气地(2)have/show respect for 对表示尊敬send/give ones respect to.向致候give ones respects to.代某人向问好Give my
49、respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。链接：respectable adj.相当好的；值得尊敬的；高尚的；体面的respective adj.分别的；各自的respectful adj.恭敬的；尊敬的respecting prep.关于即学即用语法填空The two friends said goodbye and went to their_(respect)homes.答案：respective句意：这两个好朋友道别后就回了各自的家。6hold up(1)承受住；支撑住Shes holding up well under the pressure.她承受住了压力。
50、(2)举起；抬起The boy held up his right hand to ask a question.男孩举起右手想问一个问题。(3)延迟；阻碍An accident is holding up traffic.一场事故造成了交通阻塞。知识拓展hold back 保留；抑制；自制hold off 延迟；推迟；克服hold out 维持；坚持hold the line 别挂断电话take/catch/get hold of sb./sth.抓住；拿着hold on 抓住不放；依附；继续做某事；坚持；稍等(尤指不挂断电话以等待想找的人)即学即用完成句子(1)你能举起这块石头维持几分钟吗
51、？Can you _ _ the stone for some minutes?语法填空(2)I missed seeing my brother off at the airport because my car was held _ in a traffic jam.(3)Frank knew that if he did he could never hold _ his head again.答案：(1)hold up(2)up句意：我没有去飞机场给我的哥哥送行，因为我遇到了交通堵塞。hold up阻碍，使停顿。(3)uphold up举起，抬起；符合句意。7give away暴露(自
52、己的情况)；赠送；分发People give away much more by their gestures than by their words.人们用姿势比用语言更能暴露自己的情况。He gave away all his fortune to the poor.他把自己所有的财产都送给了穷人。They argued back and forth until finally Jack gave in.他们反复争论，直到最后杰克让步为止。He plans to stay there until his money gives out.他计划在那里待到钱花完为止。It is a pity
53、to give up the job.要放弃这份工作，真是遗憾。知识拓展give in 屈服；让步give back 归还；报复give up 放弃；停止；献出give off 发出give out 散发；颁发；宣布；用完即学即用(1)不要把国家机密泄露给敌人。Dont _ _ any state secrets to the enemy.用适当的介词或副词填空。(2)Theyre giving _ free glasses at the supermarket.(3)Tom always gave _ to his big brother.(4)Please give my pen _.I
54、need it now.(5)The apples give _ a very sweet smell.(6)Please help me give _ these test papers.(7)He gave _ teaching only two years ago.答案：(1)give away(2)away(3)in(4)back(5)off(6)out(7)up1.Perhaps more than I think.也许比我想得要多。more than的意义非常多，在许多情况下，它都失去了比较级的含义。知识拓展(1)表数量：多于There are more than 60,000 s
55、tudents in our school.我们学校有6万多名学生。(2)不仅仅；远甚于；不只是Hibernation is more than sleep.It is a deep sleep.冬眠不仅仅是睡眠，它是一种深度睡眠。(3)more thannot only or very 不仅仅；不只；非常Hearing the news,he was more than a little angry.听了这个消息他非常生气。(4)more.than.与其说不如；肯定前者，否定后者。Lu Bu was more brave than wise.吕布有勇无谋。辨析：no more than/no
56、t more than(1)no more than：(表数量)仅仅；只有；强调“少”。I have no more than 50 yuan in my pocket,so I cant lend any money to you.我口袋里仅仅有50元钱，所以我不能借钱给你。仅仅；只是Most of my classmates in college are still no more than small potatoes now,while our monitor is more than a famous professor,but he is also a young scientis
57、t of great achievements.我的大多数大学同学现在仍然只是个小人物，而我们的班长现在不仅是个著名教授，而且是个颇有成就的年轻科学家了。noadj./adv.的比较级than，表示对比较双方都否定，常译为：并不比更；和一样不。My English is no better than his,so I cant help him.我的英语并不比他好，所以我不能帮助他。(2)not more than：(表数量)不超过；最多(客观地说明数量，不强调“少”)。The boy who is fond of playing chess isnt more than 20 years o
58、ld.那个喜爱下棋的男孩最多20岁。notadj./adv.的比较级than，表示对比较双方程度的比较，不含否定意义，常译为：不如。即学即用语法填空(1)It took more_ building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.It took brains,too.答案：than考查短语。根据后句“也需要脑力。”可知要建设节能房屋不仅仅(more than)需要建筑材料。(2)He is _ a friend to me.He is in a way my English teacher.答案：more than句意：他不仅是
59、我的朋友，他在某种程度上是我的英语老师。more than名词“不仅仅是，不只是”。(3)Oh,how fat he is!Ha,he is _ short than fat.答案：more句意：哦，他那么胖啊！哈，他与其说是胖不如说是矮。考查more.than.“与其不如”。2.When in Rome,Do as the Romans Do.入乡随俗。(1)asin the way that，作“像；按照”解，引导方式状语从句。Remember,you must do everything as I do.记住，你们必须按我所做的去做。(2)When in RomeWhen you are
60、 in Rome知识拓展在有些时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果谓语包含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致或主语是it，常可省略从句的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是系动词be)。这些省略的时间、条件、让步状语从句常由when,while,once,before,till/until,whenever,if,unless,though引导。She is shy and doesnt speak until(she is)spoken to.她很腼腆，你若不跟她说话她是不会开口的。Come and give me a hand if(it is)possible.可能的话请来帮我个忙。You can
61、 read it once again more slowly,using a dictionary when necessary.你可以慢一点再读一遍，必要时可以查查字典。Though(he was)tired,he went on practising it.虽然很疲劳，可他仍继续练习。即学即用语法填空Every evening after dinner,if not _(tire)from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.答案：tired本题考查动词的过去分词用法。此处tired是过去分词，相当于if I am not tired f
62、rom work；句意为：若非工作劳累，每天晚饭后，我都会花时间去遛狗。3Although these are very important,we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流。该句型是although引导的让步状语从句。Though/Although the boy came back to life,yet he remained weak.虽然那男孩已苏醒过来，但是他的身体还是很虚弱。Though/Although I liked the ap
63、pearance of the house,what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful view through the window.虽然我喜欢这座房子的外貌，但是真正促使我买下它的是从窗户往外可以看到美丽的景色。注意：though/although不能与but同时使用，但是可以与yet，still这些词使用。Though they may not succeed,yet they will still try.尽管他们可能不会成功，但是他们仍会努力尝试。知识拓展(1)though除作连词外，还可作副词，一般放在句末，前面用逗
64、号隔开。Ive a bit of headache.Its nothing serious,though.我有点头痛，不过并不厉害。(2)though还可与even连用，也可换成even if。Ill go to see you this evening even though I can stay only a few minutes.今晚我一定去看你，即使我只能呆一会儿。辨析：although,though与as三者都可以引导让步状语从句，但有如下区别：(1)although置于句首，不用倒装语序。(2)though引导的从句可置于句首，也可在句末。(3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装
65、语序。Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，他却懂得很多。即学即用语法填空(1)We had to wait half an hour_we had already booked a table.答案：although句意为“尽管我们已经预定了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时”。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。(2)_ the police thought he was the most likely one,since they had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.答案：A
66、lthough本题考查连词的用法。Although在此引导让步性状语从句，与后文主句部分构成转折关系。句意为：虽然警察认为他是最有可能的嫌疑人，但是并没有直接证据，因而不能拘捕他。4Indeed,body positions are part of what we call“bodylanguage”事实上，身体姿势就是我们称为“身势语”的一部分。what在这里是代词，有双重作用，既引导宾语从句又在宾语从句中作call的宾语，与body language一起构成复合宾语。知识拓展what用作连接代词，此时，what表示“所的(事)或所的(人)”，相当于“the thing(s)that.;al
67、l that.;everything that.;the person that.”等，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句(不可引导同位语从句)；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Leave it with me and Ill see what I can do.把它留给我，我看看该怎么办。(what引导宾语从句，并作do的宾语)What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话使在座的每个人都很吃惊。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语)What is the most important in life
68、isnt money.生活中最重要的不是钱。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)He is not what he used to be.他已不是从前的他了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)辨析：what与thatwhat作代词相当于all that,everything that,the place that,the person等，不能引导定语从句。that引导定语从句。He did all(that)he could to help his mother.他尽可能地帮他母亲。All(that)we need is a lot of time.我们所需要的是充足的时间。即学
69、即用语法填空(1)As a new graduate，he doesnt know_it takes to start a business here.答案：what句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道创业需要什么。it take sth.to do sth.花费干某事。本题考查宾语从句，且从句中缺少take的宾语，故用what。(2)I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside.答案：what句意：我想叫人们因为我的内在本质而喜欢我爱我。此题考查宾语从句的用法。what 此处表示“的内容/事情”，相当于“the thing that”。(3)_some
70、 people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.答案：What句意：一些人认为是缺陷的东西在另一些人眼里却是长处。此题考查主语从句的用法。what 此处表示“的东西/事物”，相当于“the thing(s)that”，引导主语从句，在主语从句中作regard 的宾语。(4)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _we have here and treat food nicely.答案：what考查名词性从句。第一个have是及物
71、动词，需加宾语；第二个have也缺少宾语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时也在从句中作宾语，what相当于anything that。5So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers,to show them we are not aggressive.所以每一种文化都有了一种正规的方式来迎接陌生人，向他们表明我们并没有敌意。(1)句中to greet strangers是动词不定式作定语，修饰way。(2)way n方式；手法；方法；可用于way to do sth.或way of doing sth.结构中。另外
72、，way作先行词时，定语从句的关系词有三种形式，即that,in which或省略关系代词。This is the best way to solve the problem.这是解决问题的最佳途径。I dont like the way(that/in which)he behaves.我不喜欢他的行为举止。即学即用Can you tell me the way you think of_(work out)the problem?答案：to work out考查the way to do sth.在定语从句中的应用。you think of 作定语从句修饰the way,to work o
73、ut the problem为不定式作定语修饰the way。基 础 巩 固.单词拼写1He can _(交流)with foreigners in English.2If you are _(不知不觉的)of something，you dont know that it is happening.3He received a _(恐吓的)letter yesterday.4You should get away from the _(挑衅的)boys.5 They often hold _(非 正 式 的)parties at the weekend.6The big fire _(蔓延)
74、very quickly because the wind was strong.7Many _(年轻人)took part in the activity held by the government.8He was only _(稍微)injured in the accident.9Fashion _(变化)from country to country.10He was _(卷入，涉及)in great trouble because of careless driving.答 案：municate2.unconscious3.threatening4.aggressive5.info
75、rmal6.spread7.youths8.slightly9varies10.involved.用合适的介词或副词填空1If you trust someone,you believe them and rely _ them.2What should you do when you see a friend _ the distance?3Body positions are part _ what we call“body language”4Even today,people still use their hands _ a gesture _ trust.5People are u
76、sually more formal _ the people they dont know.答案：1.on2.in3.of4.as;of5.with.根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词1Dont mention that at the beginning of the story,or it may _ _(泄露)the shocking ending.2Entering the room,they _ _(握手)with each other and then sat down.3The plan for the new book is on ice at the moment.Ive _
77、 _ _(忙于)too many other things.4The citizens were warned to be _ _(警戒)against a sudden night attack.5The car company has _ _ _(交易)with a Russian firm,which will supply engines in exchange for brakes.6They join their hands and bow their heads _ _(恭敬地)7Please _ _ _(问好)your mother for me.8Shes _ _(支撑)we
78、ll under the pressure.9I dont know how to _ _(处理)these important things.10The meeting _ _(开完),all of us went home.答案：1.give away2.shook hands3.been busy with4.on guard5.made a deal6.in respect7.say hello to8.holding up9.deal with10.being over.语法填空1I think being _ of ones shortcomings helps one to ma
79、ke more progress.I cant agree more.答案：conscious句意为：我认为意识到一个人的缺点有助于一个人取得更多进步。我非常同意。be conscious of是固定短语，意为“意识到”。2Social customs _ greatly from one country to _.答案：vary;another句意为：社会习俗从一个国家到另一个国家情况有很大不同。vary意为“变化”时，是不及物动词，from one country to another相当于from country to country，意为“从一个国家到另一个国家”。3She tried
80、 to stay calm on the stage，but her trembling voice gave_ her nervousness.答案：away句意为：在舞台上她努力保持镇静，但是她颤抖的声音暴露了她的紧张。give away意为“暴露”。4 What _(surprise)news!I never thought he would succeed.But he did pass the exam.答案：surprising句意为：多让人吃惊的消息呀！我从没想到他会成功。但他的确通过了考试。从句意可知surprising正确。5Sorry，I have to hang_ now
81、.Its time for work.OK，Ill call back later.答案：up句意为：抱歉，我现在必须挂电话了，到上班时间了。好，以后我再打过来。hang up意为“挂断电话”。6All the children _(involve)in the school play and they are very happy.答案：are involved句意为：校本剧涉及到所有的孩于，他们都很高兴。be involved in是固定词组，意为“被卷入，涉及到”。7He tightly _(shake)the famous pop star by the _(hand)答案：shook
82、;hand句意为：他紧紧地握住那位著名歌手的手。shake sb.by the hand意为“和某人握手”，其中shake的过去式为shook。8I will lend my MP4 to you if you help me do the work.OK，its a _.答案：deal句意为：如果你帮我做这项工作，我就把我的MP4借给你。好，成交。its a deal意为“成交”，表示同意做。9What was the trouble with Jack the day before yesterday?When he practiced running on the playground,his strength gave_ and he fell onto the ground.答案：out答语意为：当他在操场上练习跑步时，力气耗尽，摔倒在操场上。give out意为“(体力)耗尽”符合题意。10When it became clear,she _ the wet clothes on the grass to dry them in the sun.答案：spread句意为：当天放晴的时候，她把湿衣服伸展在草地上晒干。spread意为“伸开，展开”。课后强化作业（点此链接）
