1、1.He has been trying hard to hold _ his temper.A)up toB)in toC)down toD)on to2.Yesterday I went shopping and found a lot of _ in the sale.A)bargesB)bargainsC)barragesD)barracks3.The old machine wont _ properly if you dont oil it regularly.A)affectB)effectC)functionD)practice4.What is really abnormal
2、 sleepiness is now almost the norm.A)uniqueB)regularC)unusualD)odd5.How soon can I be _as a member of the school football team?A)receivedB)admittedC)allowedD)permitted6.The decay of food can usually be _ by the sense of smell.A)foundB)receivedC)detectedD)protected7.Im not particular _ my clothes;I d
3、ont mind what I wear.A)inB)withC)aboutD)for8.My husband and I _ conflicting opinions on this matter.A)makeB).holdC)keepD)take9.We need to _ the quality of our goods but not increase the price.A)remainB)retainC)stayD)maintain10.The crowd started to _ when the night fell.A)break outB)break inC).break
4、overD)break up11.He _ his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.A)intendedB)extendedC)includedD)excluded12.The party leader is an extreme left-winger,but his deputy is more_ in his views.A)modestB)moderateC)monitorD)modern13.Hardly _ the classroom when the class began.A)he had enteredB)h
5、e enteredC)had he enteredD)he was entered14.In learning a foreign language,various forms of practice are good _.A)disciplinesB)theoriesC)techniquesD)skills15.Reducing unemployment will be the main _ for the new government.A)challengeB)struggleC)warD)fighting16.Why are you talking in such a strange _
6、?A)meansB)mannerC)matterD)measure17.Some people think a fast car is a _ of power and strength.A)viewB)symbolC)ideaD)sense18.This is a private dining room where members could _ groups of friends.A)welcomeB)acceptC)entertainD)receive19.The plan_ in the days before costs became so great.A)had formulate
7、dB)was formedC)was formulatedD).had formed20.Shall I _ you up at the airport tomorrow morning?A)sendB)pickC)seeD)look21.Experts say that work on the new bridge will cost an _ five million pounds.A)aboutB)estimatedC)almostD)nearly22.The boys _ development was very advanced for his age.A)intelligentB)
8、intellectualC)internalD)external23.She _(up)her forehead in disgust.A)lookedB).pushedC)pulledD)wrinkled24.I think that she must be a relation of _.A)theirsB)themC)theirD)theys25.The soldiers had to remain at their _ all night long.A)jobsB)workC)postsD)status26.Will you meet me we_ were last night?A)
9、thereB)whenC)whereD)then27.Please _ sure that the house is locked before you leave.A)makeB)takeC)doD)let28.The managing directors only _ was how to improve the quality of their products.A)concernB)confirmC)concludeD)confess29.The young man managed_ from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)c
10、oncealedC)to concealD)having concealed30.The young man managed _from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)concealedC)to concealD)having concealed31.Please _ sure that the house is locked before you leave.A)makeB)takeC)doD)let32.Empty _ makes the most sound.A)shipB)vesselC)boatD)yacht33.Would
11、 you please _ your visit for a few days,stay a few days longer?A)expandB)lengthenC)stretchD)extend34.This district has changed so much since I was last here that I hardly _ it now.A).seeB)recognizeC)organizeD)admit35.The prisoner has been deprived _ many privileges that average citizens enjoy.A)ofB)
12、atC)byD)on36.There was a long _ before he answered the telephone.A)stopB)breakC)intervalD)occasion37.In some _,people have had to wa it two weeks for a doctors appointment.A)casesB)casesC).momentsD)examples38.There was a long _ before he answered the telephone.A)stopB)breakC)intervalD)occasion39.She
13、 _(up)her forehead in disgust.A)lookedB)pushedC)pulledD)wrinkled40.The teacher said Tom is _ average in his lessons.A).onB)aboveC)overD)upWith Americas Midterm Elections over,and a new Commander-in-Chief about to step#1#soon,some Americans are a#2#nervous about the nations future.But others feel sec
14、ure,#3#that the man they consider the most powerful person in the world isnt#4#anywhere.Justwho is this behind-the-scenes guy that they think#5#more power than George W.Bush ever#6#?Hes Alan Greenspan,a#7#expert economist who heads the Federal Reserve,commonly#8#as the Fed.Greenspan is a#9#New Yorke
15、r.His first focus was music:He#10#NewYorks Julliard School and toured the country#11#a year in the early 1940s,playing inthe Henry Jerome swing band.If nothing#12#,friends believe,this experience of US travelgave him the ability to connect dispassionate economic theories#13#the individuals theyaffec
16、t.“The most outstanding thing#14#him is he knowsthe American economy,”#15#friend Herbert Stein,an economist.A swing#16#economics carried him straight into#17#Republican politics.He advised Richard Nixon in his 1968#18#,and served briefly in theBureau of the Budget.Seven years later,he returned to go
17、vernment service,replacing Mr.Stein#19#chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in the final days of the Nixon presidency.He agreed only after being assured that Vice President Ford would#20#him.1.A)overB)acrossC)inD)down2.A)fewB)smallC)slightD)little3.A)knowingB)knowsC)knewD)known4.A)walkingB)goin
18、gC)movingD)coming5.A)haveB)wasC)hadD)having6.A)willB)didC)doesD)does7.A)74-years-oldsB)74-year-oldsC)74-year-oldD)74-years-old8.A)notedB)knownC)calledD)named9.A)nurtureB)nationalC)naturalD)native10.A)attendedB)admittedC)adoptedD)adapted11.A)withB)toC)atD)for12.A)additionalB)extraC)elseD)more13.A)wit
19、hB)ofC)overD)for14.A)ofB)aboutC)forD)on15.A)talksB)speaksC)saysD)tells16.A)aboveB)overC)intoD)to17.A)modestB)moderateC)modernD)model18.A)cabinetB)debateC)movementD)campaign19.A)toB)forC)asD)at20.A)keepB)retainC)stayD)maintainAmerican society is not nap-friendly.In fact,says David Dinges,a sleep spec
20、ialist at theUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,“Theres even a prohibition against admittingwe need sleep.”Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at the switch.To quotean obscure proverb:“Some sleep five hours,nature requires seven,laziness nine andwickedness eleven.”Wrong.The
21、way not to fall asleep at the switch is to take naps whenyou need them.“We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,”says Dr.WilliamDement of Stanford University,the godfather of sleep research.Last year a nationalcommission led by Dement identified an“American sleep debt,”which one member
22、 said wasas important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness:people causing industrial accidents or fallingasleep while driving.This may be why we havea new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports,President Clinton is tryingto take a hal
23、f-hour snooze every afternoon.About 60%of American adults nap when giventhe opportunity.We seem to have“a mid-afternoon quiescent phase,”also called“a secondarysleep gate.”Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress andimprove alertness.Clearly,we were born to nap.We Su
24、perstars of Snooze dont nap toreplace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather,we“snack”on sleep,whenever,wherever and at whatever time we feellike it.Call it somnia.I myself have nappedin buses,cars,planes and on boats;on floors,couches and beds;and in libraries,offices and museums.Ther
25、e is an exquisite pleasure in giving oneself overto drowsiness,particularly if youresupposed to be doing something else.And we should all note,napping is one of the few pleasuresleft that are not life-threatening.The pathologically alert like to think they get moredone than nappers.Wrong again.Winst
26、on Churchill slept every afternoon when he was the wartimePrime Minister of England.Napoleon napped on the battlefield.Calvin Coolidge,Lyndon Johnsonand John Kennedy all took naps.If there is to be a transformation of American sleepbehavior,we nappers,the sleep elite,will have to share our“sleeping
27、skills”with thoseless fortunate than we are,or the nap-impaired.For starters,here are a few of my favoritenaps.At work:Nap freedom,to me,is as great an incentive as money or power.Sleepingat work is superbly satisfying,and in some cases necessary.Truck drivers should pull overat the first sign of dr
28、owsiness as should anyone operating machinery,including a wordprocessor.In class:These naps can be pleasant because of the risk involved.I oncesuccumbed to drowsiness in a high-school French class and was awakened by my teacher singing,“Frere Jackques,Frere Jacques,dormezvous?”William Dement has des
29、ignated sleepingsections in his courses at Stanford.At a concert:Sleeping(discreetly)at a concertcan be among lifes great experiences.One rides the music,wafted this way and that on themesand leitmotifs.Wagner in particular promotes vivid dreams.Best nap of all:Myall-time-favorite way to snooze is i
30、n a hammock on a screened-in porch,on a mild summer dayand this is what makes it perfect a huge,important book on my chest,open and unread.Such napping says much about the principles we live by and sleep by.Theres the storytold about a young playwright who once asked a famous author to view a rehear
31、sal of his newplay.The author slept through the whole thing.Afterward the young man complained,sayinghe really had wanted the authors opinion.In a pithy summation of the committed nappersview of life,the author replied,“Sleep is an opinion.”1.It is commonly accepted in American society that too much
32、 sleep is _.A)unreasonableB)criminalC)harmfulD)costly2.The research done by the Commission shows that Americans _.A)dont like to take napsB)are terribly worried about their national debtC)sleep less than is good for themD)have caused many industrial and traffic accidents3.The purpose of this article
33、 is to _.A)warn us of the wickedness of nappingB)explain the danger of sleepinessC)discuss the side effects of nappingD)convince the reader of the necessity of napping4.The“American debt”is the result of _.A)the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleepB)the new sleep policy of Clinto
34、n AdministrationC)the rapid development of American industryD)the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness5.The sentence“Rather,we snack on sleep,whenever,wherever and at whatever time wefeel like it.”means that it is _.A)preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shiftB)good practice to
35、eat something light before we go to bedC)essential to make up for lost sleepD)natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for itThe amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors,including age.Infants generallyrequire about 16 hours a day,while teenagers need about 9 hours on average.
36、For most adults,7 to 8 hours a night appears to be the best amount of sleep,although some people may needas few as 5 hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day.Women in the first 3 months ofpregnancy often need several more hours of sleep than usual.The amount of sleep a personneeds also increas
37、es if he or she had been deprived of sleep in previous days.Getting toolittle sleep creates a“sleep debt”,which is much like being overdrawn at a bank.Eventually,your body will demand that the debt be repaid.We dont seem to adapt to getting less sleepthan we need;while we may get used to a sleep-dep
38、riving schedule,our judgment,reactiontime,and other functions are still impaired.People tend to sleep more lightly and forshorter time spans as they get older,although they generally need about the same amount ofsleep as they needed in early adulthood.About half of all people over 65 have frequent s
39、leepingproblems,such as insomnia,and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become veryshort or stop completely.This change may be a normal part of aging,or it may result frommedical problems that are common in elderly people and from the medications and othertreatments for those problems.Ex
40、perts say that if you feel drowsy during the day,evenduring boring activities,you havent had enough sleep.If you routinely fall asleep within5 minutes of lying down,you probably have severe sleep deprivation,possibly even a sleepdisorder.Microsleeps,or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise aw
41、ake person,areanother mark of sleep deprivation.In many cases,people are not aware that they areexperiencing microsleeps.The widespread practice of“burning the candle at both ends”inwestern industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is reallyabnormal sleepiness is now a
42、lmost the norm.Many studies make it clear that sleepdeprivation is dangerous.Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulatoror by performing a hand-eye coordination task perform as badly as or worse than those whoare intoxicated.Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohols effects on
43、the body,so a fatiguedperson who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested.Driver fatigueis responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year,according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.Since drowsiness is thebrain
44、s last step before falling asleep,driving while drowsy can and often does leadto disaster.Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleepdeprivation.The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyesfocused,if you cant stop yawning,or if you cant
45、remember driving the last few miles,you are probably too drowsy to drive safely.6.Which of the following statements about“sleep debt”is true according to the passage?A)If you owe a sleep debt,you have to pay back for it.B)You will get used to the sleep debt quickly and forget it.C)Sleep debt has not
46、hing to do with ones health.D)If you sleep more time than you need in previous days,then you can sleep less thannormal in the following days.7.Which of the following doesnt belong to the mark of sleep deprivation?A)You always stay up late in the evening and feel sleepy when you begin to work in then
47、ext morning.B)You fall asleep very quickly even when you are sitting on a chair.C)You often get awake in the middle night several times.D)You have to take a nap during your work time.8.Which of the following conditions often happens to the old people especially people over65 years old?A)They need mo
48、re sleep time than their early adulthood.B)They seldom get awake during the sleep time even though there is great noise.C)They often feel sleepy during the daytime.D)They can not fall asleep in the middle night and easily wake up during the night.9.“Burning the candle at both ends”means.A)“being com
49、pletely consumed and thus no longer alight”B)“going to bed late and getting up early”C)“reading or working late into the night”D)“becoming completely exhausted through overwork”10.Which of the following belongs to the abnormal sleepiness?A)Drowsiness during the day.B)Deep sleep at night.C)Microsleep
50、s.D).Both A and C.Conventional wisdom says its the students who get straight As blow the roof of theSAT(Scholastic Aptitude Test)and go to Ivy League colleges.Or maybe its the childrenborn into wealthy families with brilliant connections.Neither is typical,says ThomasJ.Stanley,who surveyed 1300 mill
51、ionaires for his new book,The Millionaire Mind.Theaverage millionaire made Bs and Cs in college,Stanley says.Their average SAT score was1190not good enough to get into many top-notch schools.In fact,most millionaires weretold they were not intellectually gifted,not smart enough to succeed.“I find no
52、correlation between SAT scores,grade point averages and economic achievement.None.”saidStanley.“Admittedly,there are some very bright people in the data,but not many.”Instead of relying on natural genius,millionaires choose careers that match their abilities,Stanley said.They may not have great anal
53、ytic intelligence,but they are creative andpractical.They focus on a goal,take calculated risks and then work harder than most people.Its a lesson Stanley has taken to heart.The author,who lives in Atlanta,has gotten richhimself by writing about the rich.So he took time off to write what he calls“th
54、e home-runbook.”The Millionaire Next Door,written with researcher William D.Danko of Albany,N.Y.,was published in 1996.It has been on The New York Times Best Sellers list for more than 150weeks.In The Millionaire Mind,Stanley studied even richer millionaires the top1%of households.These people had a
55、n average net worth of$9.2 million and earned$749,000a year.And almost none of them credit their success to being smart.They say the keys tosuccess are being honest and disciplined,getting along with people,having a supportive spouseand working hard.“Somehow they figured out what they were good at,”
56、Stanley said.“They all said,Ill be the best at this.This is what I really,really love to do.”Oneof his case studies is Donald Sonner,the 64-year-old head of SouthernBloomer ManufacturingCo.in Bristol,Tenn.Sonners only education was a single year of high school,but he wasa millionaire by the time he
57、was 24.How?His company takes scrap cloth and makesunderwear for prisons and gun-cleaning patches.He got rich byworking hard and capitalizingon an idea no one else had,Stanley said.11.Which of the following is NOT true about Thomas J.Stanley?A)He is the writer of The Millionaire Mind.B)He himself bec
58、ame rich by writing about the rich.C)He has found that ones school grades and his economic achievement are closely related.D)One of his books,The Millionaire Next Door,has been on the list of Best Sellers.12.We can learn from the passage that.A)one who wants to be a millionaire must have high scores
59、 in college.B)natural intelligence is not so important a factor on deciding whether or not a personis able to become a millionaire.C)a child born into a rich family is likely to be a millionaire in the future.D)one can become rich by taking scrap cloth and making underwear for prisons.13.What are th
60、e keys to success according to the passage?A)honest and hardworking.B)smart and creativeC)intelligent and well-educatedD)self-disciplined and risk-taking14.What kinds of careers do millionaires choose?A)They choose the ones that are well-paid.B)They choose the ones that theyre capable of doing.C)The
61、y choose careers according to their natural genius.D)They choose the ones that supply them with room for their individualism.15.In the sentence“Its a lesson Stanley has taken to heart”,“It”refers to.A)He himself has gotten rich by writing about the rich.B)Millionaires may not have great analytic int
62、elligence.C)Books about millionaires will be very popular with readers.D)What he has found about millionaires in his survey.Britain has laws to make sure that women have the same opportunities as men in education,jobs and training.But its still unusual to find women doing dirty or heavy jobs.NikkiHe
63、nriques is a car maintenance engineer in London.She used to be a secretary.Barty Phillips,a journalist with The Observer,a Sunday newspaper,asked her why she wanted to work withcars.“My first reason was independence,”she said.“I also wanted to use my hands,and I like learning about how things work.M
64、any people prefer to have a woman repair theircars,too.”Nikki didnt find it easy to become a car maintenance engineer.She wentto a Government Skill Centre a special sort of college where people can learn a new job for twenty weeks.“For ten weeks I was the only woman among four hundred men,and someof
65、 them were rude to me,just because of my sex.It was also very tiringfrom 8 in the morningto 5 at night,with only 30 minutes for lunch.”Now Nikki works free-lancethat is,shesself-employed,working for herself and not for a garage or a company.Barty Phillips alsospoke to Rose,who works as a general bui
66、lder in Sheffield,an industrial town in the northof England.Like Nikki,Rose used to be a secretary.“I didnt enjoyit at all,”she said.“I wanted to do more practical work,and I wanted to be self-employed.”Rose joineda womens building co-operative,and she learnt her job from other people and from exper
67、ience.However,many of the women in her group have been specially trained.Most of the jobs theydo are improvements to buildings and general repairs.“People often say,Oh,womenarent strong enough,but I dont think strength is important,”said Rose.“The importantthing is to get used to doing a different s
68、ort of work.”Rose would like more women tocome into the building industry.“Everything built at the moment is a product of mans world.If women become builders,they will be able to understand the production of their houses andtheir towns.”16.There are laws in Britain to help women _.A)get higher pay t
69、han menB)enjoy more freedom than menC)do whatever they like to doD)have equal chances with men in education and work17.The work of _ is considered dirty or heavy.A)a newspaper journalistB)a car maintenance engineerC)a company managerD)an office secretary18.The job of a car maintenance engineer is to
70、 _.A)manufacture carsB)sell carsC)keep cars for othersD)repair cars19.The most important reason for Nikki to be a car maintenance engineer is that _.A)she wants to be independentB)she has to make her own livingC)she likes to use her handsD)she wants to get the same pay as men20.Rose,who works as a general builder,_.A)believes women are as strong as menB)admits women are much weaker than menC)wants more women to become buildersD)thinks women can learn more from practical work
