1、Unit 1课下能力提升(一)阅读理解AWhere can you find the first successful airplane, one of the worlds biggest bugs (虫子) and Kermit the Frog? Theyre all at the Smithsonian Institution, Americans storehouse of the coolest things ever, in Washington., DC. More than 138 million objects have been collected by their 19
2、 museums, with more coming in every day.The Smithsonian was founded in 1846 and named after James Smithson, an English businessman. Smithson never visited America, but he left his entire fortune to the United States to build an institution “for the increase of knowledge.”Here are just a few of the a
3、mazing things in the Smithsonian collection.Big bugsThe Smithsonian has 35 million bugs. The largest insect in the collection is a beetle (甲虫) from South America called the titan beetle. Titan beetles can grow to more than 6 inches long.Flying machinesThe first powered plane to fly, the 1903 Wright
4、Flyer, is displayed in the National Air and Space Museum. The Smithsonian has the first supersonic(超音速的)airliner, the Concorde, which could cross the Atlantic Ocean in fewer than four hours.The longest beardThe Smithsonian is home to the longest beard ever recorded. Norwegian immigrant Hans Langseth
5、 had grown his facial hair to 18 feet 6 inches by the time he died in 1927. The Smithsonian has 17 feet 6 inches of it because, even though Langseths final wish was to have his entire beard preserved, his family decided it wouldnt be right to bury him cleanshaven.Time and admission：Smithsonian museu
6、ms are open every day of the year except December 25 unless otherwise noted. Most museums are open daily from 10 am. to 5：30 pm. The American Art Museum and Portrait Gallery are open 11：30 am. to 7 pm.Admission is free for all Smithsonian museums and the zoo in Washington, DC., and the American Indi
7、an Museums George Gustav Heye Center in New York. A fee is required at the CooperHewitt, National Design Museum in New York (Members and children under 12 are admitted free)1According to the text, the Smithsonian Institution _.Awas founded in honor of an AmericanBhas all its museums in Washington, D
8、C.Cis most famous for its fine collection of artDwas funded by money from James Smithson2The Smithsonian failed to get the entire beard of Hans Langseths due to_.Athe words in his last will Bthe rejection of his family Cthe tradition of Norwegians Dthe bad condition of the beard3What do the objects
9、mentioned have in common?AThey were from South Africa.BThey are in the same museum.CThey are recordbreaking items.DThey were from the 19th century.4All of Smithsonian museums _.Aare open at 10 am.Bcharge an entrance fee Care closed on Christmas Day Dask for your membership cardsBDoctors are known to
10、 be terrible pilots.They dont listen because they already know it all.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weath
11、er, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The
12、 controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot and my boss so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had to: Our lives were in
13、 danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said，“We need to put the landing gear down now！”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and Ive used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from t
14、he opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from
15、“landing_gear_up”5What does the author say about doctors in general?AThey like flying by themselves.BThey are unwilling to take advice.CThey pretend to be good pilots.DThey are quick learners of CRM.6The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _.Ahe saved the plane by speaking upB
16、he was in charge of a flying taskChis boss landed the plane too lateDhis boss operated on a patient7The underlined words in the last paragraph probably means _.Afollowing flying requirementsBoverreacting to different opinionsClistening to what fellow doctors sayDmaking a mistake that may cost lives8
17、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ACRM：A New Way to Make Flying SafeBFlying Makes Me a Better DoctorCThe Making of a Good PilotDA PilotTurned DoctorCSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot“greener”toward the environment.“We didnt know at that time that
18、there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it，”says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of gra
19、ssroots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many, many times，”says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports, emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons
20、 a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has
21、been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twentyfive years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today,
22、its hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program.“Until we do that, nothing else will change！”says Bruce Anderson.9According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about _.Athe social movement Brecycling techniquesCenvironmental probl
23、emsDthe importance of Earth Day10Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?AThe grassroots level.BThe business circle.CGovernment officials.DUniversity professors.11What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?AThey have cut car emissions to the lowest.BThey ha
24、ve settled their environmental problems.CThey have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.DThey have reduced pollution through effective measures.12What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?AEducation. BPlanning.CGreen living. DCO reduction.课下能力提升(一).
25、 语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国史密森尼博物院的历史、展品、游览须知等。1解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的“named after James Smithson”和“he left his entire fortune to the United States to build an institution for the increase of knowledge”可知，史密森尼博物院建立的资金来自于James Smithson去世后留下的钱。2解析：选B细节理解题。根据文中的“Langseths final wish was to have his entire beard pr
26、eserved, his family decided it wouldnt be right to bury him cleanshaven”可知，虽然Langseth希望把自己的胡子都保留下来，但他的家人还是希望他能留点胡子下葬。3解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章中的largest，first，longest等词的描述可知，该博物馆的这几件藏品都堪称世界之最。4解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Smithsonian museums are open every day of the year except December 25”可知，该博物馆圣诞节闭馆。语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。
27、作者介绍了自己做医生和飞行员的体会，强调了倾听别人建议的重要性。5解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，医生往往不喜欢听取建议，因为他们了解情况。6解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知，作者大胆提醒飞行员(主治医师)放下起落架，第一次感受到了大胆说出来的力量，且从此以后在手术室也这样做。7解析：选D词义猜测题。根据句意“但是我希望，如果我继续鼓励他们，有人会在某一天阻止我犯将起落架升起来这样严重的错误”可知，此处“landing gear up”借指所犯的可能会以生命为代价的错误。8解析：选B标题归纳题。作者将自己从飞行员职业经历中所获取的经验运用到行医生涯中，使自己善于倾听别人的建
28、议，从而使自己成为了一名优秀的医生。故B项做标题最为恰当。语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了环保意识在美国从无到有，逐渐增强，环保教育势在必行。9解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“We didnt know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it”可知，1970年以前美国人对环境问题所知甚少。 10解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“especially millions of grassroots Americans are taking part in the movement”可知，数以百万计的草根美国人才是支持环保的中流砥柱。11解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段所列举的那些数据可知，美国政府多管齐下，污染问题大为缓解。12解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容推断，环保意识教育至关重要。另外，“education programs for environment”是提示。
