1、Unit 4Welcome to the unit & Reading. 单词拼写 1. We visited the ruins of a Norman castle(城堡). 2. The explosion made a massive(巨大的)hole in the ground. 3. Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough(突破) in the fight against cancer. 4. They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous(自治的) provinc
2、e. 5. Her letters record the domestic(家庭的) and social details of diplomatic life in China. 6. I told her that I didnt mind holding a mid-sneeze pose(姿势) for a few minutes. 7. The shareholders are greedy(贪婪的) for profit. 8. There were alternative(代替的) methods of travel available. . 单句语法填空1. The book
3、is an analysis(analyze)of poverty and its causes. 2. Tokyo and New York are major financial(finance) centers. 3. They broke my windows and threatened(threat) me. 4. One of these men may have been the murderer(murder). 5. The government must deal with this as a matter of urgency(urge). 6. I thought s
4、he had retired, but apparently(apparent) she hasnt. 7. The thing is, machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition(recognize). 8. There have been several thefts(theft) and robberies in this area. 9. The work is physically demanding(demand). 10. The minister gave a warning(warn)
5、 that if war broke out, it would be catastrophic. . 完成句子1. Imagine waking up(醒来) one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. 2. At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science(计算机科学的一个分支) that aims to dev
6、elop intelligent machines. 3. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, natural language processing and art, to name but a few(仅举几例). 4. The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end(预示着结束) of the human race. 5. We need to make sure that we not
7、 fall victim to(成为的牺牲品) AI. 6. Not everybody is greedy for(对贪婪) power. . 阅读理解A(2021常熟高二检测)A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California. According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU
8、, Bina48 is the worlds first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, an achievement he described as “remarkable. ” The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution. Before becoming a
9、 student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barrys classes for several years. One day when addressing Barrys class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging T
10、echnologies course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesnt understand, said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is. “Some interesting things happened in the class, ” said
11、Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simpleits a feeling, ” said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love, ” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges h
12、umans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future. Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that B
13、ina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate. In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介
14、绍了机器人Bina48成功地完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48在未来有望能够促进学习和教学。1. What was Bina48s performance like in class? A. Unattractive. B. Impractical. C. Unbelievable. D. Extraordinary. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知, Bina48在课堂上参与讨论, 与伙伴一起做报告, 参与辩论, 被描绘成为“卓越的”。因此推断出它的表现是非凡的。故选D。2. What does the underlined word “addressing” in parag
15、raph 3 probably mean? A. Giving a speech to. B. Consulting with. C. Dealing with. D. Sending a letter to. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barrys classes for several years. ”可以推断出它经常进行演讲, 故选A。3. What can we learn from the passage? A. It was impos
16、sible for Bina48 to learn about love. B. It was quite difficult for Bina48 to learn about love. C. Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence. D. Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合第四段内容可知, Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱, 强调了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此可以推断出, 人工智能可能在某种
17、程度上优于人类, 故选D。4. What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48? A. It will surely be able to serve as a teacher. B. It will completely take the place of instructors. C. It will be able to promote learning and teaching. D. It will be smart enough to control human beings. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一
18、段内容可知Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂, 可以教授课程, 他预计机器人将被用于改善教学和学习体验, 而不是完全取代教师。因此推断出他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学, 故选C。B(2021常熟高二检测)New App Helps People Remember FacesLarge gatherings such as weddings and conferences can be socially overwhelming. Pressure to learn peoples names only adds to the stress. A new facial-
19、recognition app could come to the rescue, but privacy experts recommend proceeding with caution. The app, called SocialRecall, connects names with faces via smartphone cameras and facial recognition, potentially avoiding the need for formal introductions. “It breaks down these social barriers we all
20、 have when meeting somebody, ” says Barry Sandrew, who created the app and tested it at an event attended by about 1, 000 people. After receiving an invitation to download SocialRecall from an event organizer, the user is asked to take two selfies and sign in via social media. At the event, the app
21、is active within a previously defined geographical area. When a user points his or her phone camera at an attendees face, the app identifies the individual, displays the persons name, and links to his or her social media profile. To protect privacy, it recognizes only those who have agreed to partic
22、ipate. And the apps creators say it automatically deletes users data after an event. Ann Cavoukian, a privacy expert who runs the Privacy by Design Center of Excellence praises the apps creators for these protective measures. She cautions, however, that when people choose to share their personal inf
23、ormation with the app, they should know that “there may be unintended consequences down the road with that information being used in another context that might come back to bite you. ”The start-up has also developed a version of the app for individuals who suffer from prosopagnosia, or “face blindne
24、ss, ” a condition that prevents people from recognizing individuals they have met. To use this app, a person first acquires an image of someones face, from either the smartphones camera or a photograph, and then tags it with a name. When the camera spots that same face in real life, the previously e
25、ntered information is displayed. The collected data are stored only on a users phone, according to the team behind the app. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一款新的应用程序帮助人们识别面孔, 但也有可能泄露隐私。5. SocialRecall is used to _. A. take photosB. identify peopleC. organize eventsD. make friends【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句可知,
26、这款名为SocialRecall的应用软件可以通过智能手机摄像头和面部识别功能将名字和人脸联系起来, 从而避免了正式介绍的必要, 从而可以推断出, 是用来识别人。故选B。6. Paragraph 3 is mainly about _. A. how the app worksB. how the app was createdC. what makes the app popularD. what people can do with the app【解析】选A。段落大意题。 第三段主要介绍SocialRecall这款应用软件的工作原理。故选A。7. SocialRecall helps p
27、eople with prosopagnosia by _. A. giving names to the photos kept in their smartphonesB. collecting information previously entered in the phoneC. providing the information of a person when they first meetD. showing the persons information when it spots a stored face【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容可知, 用户使用智能手
28、机的摄像头或照片中获取某人的面部图像, 然后给它加上一个名字。当摄像机在现实生活中发现相同的人脸时, 就会显示之前输入的信息, 从而帮助脸盲症患者识别此人的信息。故选D。8. What can we learn about SocialRecall from the passage? A. It may put peoples privacy at risk. B. It has caused unintended consequences. C. It can prevent some communication disorders. D. It is praised by users fo
29、r its protective measures. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知, 当人们选择将自己的个人信息分享给应用程序时, 他们应该知道, 在未来可能会出现意想不到的后果, 从而可以推断出SocialRecall这款应用程序可能会危及人们的隐私。故选A。. 阅读填句(2021泰州高二检测)Lixia, the Beginning of SummerLixia, also called the Beginning of Summer, is the 7th out of the 24 solar terms in China, which happens usuall
30、y on May 5, 6 or 7. 1. People used to regard the day as the start of significant increase of temperature and thunderstorms. This day also marks the beginning of the peak season for the growth of plants. Lixia is not an official day that is celebrated by the public. It is just a sign to show the comi
31、ng of hot summer so as to let people pay attention to keep away from hot weather. Lixia egg is one of the typical foods. People use black tea leaves or walnut shells to boil eggs till they turn dark red. 2, therefore, eating red eggs on this day symbolizes a kind of protection of heart and also prov
32、ides people with enough strength to survive the coming hot summer days. Children usually hang nettings over their neck and put eggs in the netting. Playing with eggs can help children stay away from summer fever. 3, which was very popular in the old days. People use red, yellow, black, green beans a
33、nd peas, together with sticky rice to make a bowl of five-color rice. This color-rich rice will bring people good harvests in the summer. Weighing people is traditional custom which dates from the Three Kingdoms Period. 4. If the child was heavier than the previous year, it meant the child was becom
34、ing healthier and parents wouldnt have any worries for the hot summer. After Lixia, the temperature is gradually rising and hot weather can be strain on your heart. As a result, people may easily feel tired during summer days. Having good rests becomes very important. Do not take up violent sports b
35、ut do some slow activities. 5. Besides, eating more fruits and vegetables and less hot and dry food can help tonify(滋补)your liver and kidneys. A. People used to weigh their children on this dayB. Also, having a nap at noon time can help maintain your vigor(活力)C. People like to weigh themselves at le
36、ast once a weekD. It is said that the shape of an egg looks like a heartE. The heart pumps blood round the bodyF. As the name suggests, it means spring is over and the summer beginsG. Another traditional food is Lixia rice【文章大意】本文介绍了立夏节气的时间、意义、特色食物等。1. 【解析】选F。前文简要介绍了立夏的基本情况, F项中的“the name”与“Lixia”相符
37、, 后文与F项中的“spring is over and the summer begins”, 是顺承关系。故选F项。2. 【解析】选D。后面提到的“therefore, eating red eggs on this day symbolizes a kind of protection of heart”, D项中“an egg”与下文的“eggs”一致, 因此推断D项符合语境, 正好与后面的句子构成因果关系, 故选D项。3. 【解析】选G。选项后的非限制性定语从句意为“在以前非常受欢迎”, 后文详细介绍了一种饭的制作过程, 因此推断G选项正好与后文吻合。故选G项。4. 【解析】选A。后
38、面提到“If the child was heavier than the previous year ”, A项中的“weigh their children”与此处的“the child was heavier”相符, 因此推断A项 “人们在这一天常常给孩子称重”。语意正好吻合, 故选A项。5. 【解析】选B。上文说明夏天人们好好休息是重要的, “Do not take up violent sports but do some slow activities. ”是一条建议, 因此, 结合上下文, 此处应该也是一条夏日养生建议, B项“中午睡午觉也能帮助维持活力。”符合语境, 故选B项。
39、. 完形填空 On Friday, New Years Day, Wang Renqiu, a 33-year-old man from Hunan Province, 1 a 2021 New Years greeting video on an app. While Wang looks 2 in the video, standing in front of his recreational vehicle in a heavy snow in Cuneo, Italy, it was 3 never part of his plan to be there during the New
40、 Year holiday. “I never 4 that a sudden severe pandemic(疫情)would disturb my travel plans and trap me and my friends in Europe. ” said Wang. On October 22, 2019, Wang and some friends 5 from Changsha, planning to spend nearly five 6 driving across Eurasia. They spent half a month 7 Pakistan, entering
41、 Iran, Turkey, and other European countries 8 finally reaching Iceland in January. 9 most of his friends who flew back home due to the pandemic locally, Wang and his friend Ye Zi chose to continue their 10 by driving the RV. Wang said most people on the trip he met were very nice and 11. Nino, a Fre
42、nch man, for example, who learned about their 12 from a local newspaper, sought them out and invited them to his house. “After experiencing so much over the year, what I want to share the most is that we humans need more sincere 13, mutual trust and friendship. ”14, Wang and Ye Zi are staying at Cun
43、eo. They plan to return home by following their original 15 and have more interactions with people from different countries. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Wang Renqiu和朋友前往欧洲旅行, 由于突发的疫情被困在意大利。他在软件上发布视频, 向大家表达新年祝福。1. A. postedB. reportedC. foundD. adopted【解析】选A。根据“. . . video on an app”可知, 是在软件上发布视频。故选A项。2. A.
44、 upsetB. amazedC. annoyedD. happy【解析】选D。根据上文“a 2021 New Years greeting video”, 他在发布新年祝福视频, 应该是很开心。故选D项。3. A. occasionallyB. directlyC. actuallyD. gradually【解析】选C。根据下文“a sudden severe pandemic would disturb my travel plans”, 可知他实际上并没有计划新年假期时在意大利的库内奥逗留。故选C项。4. A. decidedB. expectedC. realizedD. promis
45、ed【解析】选B。根据“a sudden severe pandemic”可知, 疫情太突然, 他没有预料到。故选B项。5. A. took offB. put offC. turned offD. set off【解析】选D。他们的旅程从长沙开始, 从长沙前往欧洲。故选D项。6. A. weeksB. yearsC. monthsD. days【解析】选C。上文提到“New Years Day”, 王发视频是元旦那天, 离他们出发时间2019年10月22日相隔两、三个月。因此他们是计划5个月左右的时间旅行。故选C项。7. A. searchingB. leavingC. crossingD.
46、 escaping【解析】选C。根据上文“. . . driving across Eurasia”可知, 他们是穿越巴基斯坦。故选C项。8. A. whileB. afterC. whenD. before【解析】选D。根据时间“in January”可知, 他们2019年10月22日出发, 一月到达冰岛。在这之前去了欧洲其他的国家。故选D项。9. A. UnlikeB. WithoutC. DespiteD. Besides【解析】选A。根据 “most of his friends who flew back home”, 他们和大部分朋友不一样, 没有回国。故选A项。10. A. ex
47、perienceB. journeyC. raceD. position【解析】选B。根据下文“Wang and Ye Zi are staying at Cuneo. ”可知, 在发布视频的时候, 他们还在意大利的库内奥。由此可知他们继续在欧洲的行程。故选B项。11. A. warm-heartedB. hard-workingC. strong-willedD. absent-minded【解析】选A。根据下文“Nino, a French man. . . sought them out and invited them to his house. ”可知, 他们在旅途中遇到了很多热心帮
48、助他们的人。故选A项。12. A. noticeB. storyC. pauseD. lesson【解析】选B。根据“from a local newspaper”可知, 是从报纸上看到他们的故事。故选B项。13. A. appreciationB. impressionC. motivationD. communication【解析】选D。根据“mutual trust and friendship”可知, 王觉得人与人之间需要更多的真诚的沟通。故选D项。14. A. CurrentlyB. EventuallyC. InitiallyD. Suddenly【解析】选A。根据上文“a sudden severe pandemic. . . trap me and my friends in Europe. ”, 发视频时, 王和朋友正待在意大利的库内奥。故选A项。15. A. fieldB. patternC. routeD. choice【解析】选C。根据上文提到他们去时的旅行线路“They spent half a month _Pakistan, entering Iran, Turkey, and other European countries _finally reaching Iceland. . . ”, 可知现在他们计划沿原线路返回。故选C。
