1、考点01阅读理解2020-2021学年高一英语专题同步精练学案：（1）安徽省阜阳市2020-2021学年高一下学期开学考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AWhat worried 22-year-old Shanghai graduate Tang Yining the most until mid-March was uncertainty over finding her dream job as soon as the COVID-19 pandemic ends.A few job interviews original
2、ly scheduled to be held after the Spring Festival holiday were all postponed due to the outbreak-related restrictions on free movement of people.Thankfully, three interviews were shifted to the online medium. They are actually more efficient than I had expected. In fact, online interviews helped me
3、save time and money because for offline interviews I usually end up traveling to different provinces, a college graduate said.According to online recruitment(招聘) firm Boss Zhipin, the number of companies using distance interviews increased by more than 20 times within 10 days after Spring Festival,
4、compared to the first week of the autumn recruitment season in 2019.Industry insiders said online recruitment will help fill in job vacancies in time and is of great significance to keep the employment stable nationwide and further offer economic impetus（推动力）.“Public employment service agencies and
5、the market players concerned should also be encouraged to share information on job vacancies and strengthen the coordination of online and offline recruitment activities to ensure a stable job market,”Chinese Vice-Premier Hu Chunhua said.As of mid-March, more than 50,000 companies had participated i
6、n the online campus recruitment, providing more than 200,000 positions.Over 450,000 university students on the verge of their graduation had made 1,700,000 job application submissions by then, said online recruitment platform Zhaopin.1Whats the problem with Chinas fresh graduates according to this p
7、assage?ATheir interviews were shifted to the online medium.BTheir job-hunt was delayed by the epidemic.CThey cant move freely because of the epidemic.DThey are worried about the COVID-19 pandemic.2Which one is not the advantage of using distance interviews?AHelp fill in job vacancies in time.BKeep t
8、he employment stable nationwide.CSave time and money.DTravel to different provinces.3How many graduates apply for jobs in the online campus recruitment platform Zhaopin?A50,000B200,000COver 450,000D1,700,000【答案】1B2D3C【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述2020年中国应届毕业生的求职被流行病耽搁了，超过45万名大学生在在线校园招聘平台申请工作。1细节理解题。根据第二段A few jo
9、b interviews originally scheduled to be held after the Spring Festival holiday were all postponed due to the outbreak-related restrictions on free movement of people.“一些原本计划在春节假期后举行的面试，由于突发事件对人员自由流动的限制，都被推迟了。”由此可知，根据这篇文章,中国应届毕业生的求职被流行病耽搁了。故选B。2细节理解题。根据第三段中They are actually more efficient than I had
10、expected. In fact, online interviews helped me save time and money because for offline interviews I usually end up traveling to different provinces,“他们实际上比我预想的更有效率。事实上,在线面试帮助我节省了时间和金钱,因为在线下面试中,我通常会去不同的省份旅行,”和第五段Industry insiders said online recruitment will help fill in job vacancies in time and is
11、of great significance to keep the employment stable nationwide and further offer economic impetus（推动力）.“业内人士表示,网上招聘将有助于及时填补职位空缺,对保持全国就业稳定,并进一步提供经济动力具有重要意义。”由此可知，使用远程面试的优点是：及时填写职位空缺；保持全国就业稳定；节省时间和金钱。所以“去不同的省份旅行”不是远程面试的优点。故选D。3细节理解题。根据最后一段Over 450,000 university students on the verge of their graduati
12、on had made 1,700,000 job application submissions by then, said online recruitment platform Zhaopin.“在线招聘平台智联招聘(Zhaopin)说,在毕业后,超过45万名大学生在申请申请时提出了170万份申请。”由此可知，超过45万名大学生在在线校园招聘平台申请工作。故选C。BChinese pianist Lang Lang will join in a star-studded cast of celebrities for One World: Together at Home, a tele
13、vised and online-streamed global concert honoring and supporting front-line healthcare workers amid the coronavirus pandemic.The show is put on with support of the World Health Organization and the international advocacy organization Global Citizen.It is one of the most important experiences in my l
14、ife. It has made me a part of music history. I feel very honored to do what I can do for fighting the virus, says the pianist. We both know music is without borders, so I do think good music can unite the world and give people power.The two-hour-long virtual concert will be broadcast at 8 pm US East
15、ern Time on April 18 on multiple TV networks and online streaming platforms, with the participation of a lineup of artists including Paul McCartney, Andrea Bocelli, Stevie Wonder, Billie Eilish and many other stars.One World: Together At Home will be hosted by Jimmy Fallon of The Tonight Show, Jimmy
16、 Kimmel of Jimmy Kimmel Live and Stephen Colbert of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. Friends from Sesame Street will also be on hand to help unify and inspire people around the world to take meaningful actions that increase support for the global COVID-19 response.The digital stream will be avail
17、able on social media platforms, including Alibaba, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram and Tencent Music Entertainment Group.We are grateful to the private sectors who have listened to the publics call for action and come together to support the global response to COVID-19. This pandemic is too large for g
18、overnments to tackle alone, said Hugh Evans, co-founder and CEO of Global Citizen. We are also incredibly grateful for the continued support from the artist community to make One World: Together At Home a moment of global unity. Our hope for the special is that everyone will come away believing that
19、 we, as a shared humanity, can emerge from this moment forever grateful for the work of doctors, nurses, teachers, grocery store workers and all those who are the backbone of our communities.4What is the purpose of One World: Together at Home?ATo unite the artists around the worldBTo promote the dev
20、elopment of musicCTo be in support of and show respect to the medicsDTo show the great charm of music5Which of the following will not host One World: Together At Home?AJimmy KimmelBStevie WonderCJimmy FallonDStephen Colbert6What does the underlined word “ tackle” mean?AoperateBcope withCachieveDcomm
21、ent7What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe private sectors support the global response to COVID-19.BThe artist communitys support makes One World: Together At Home a moment of global unity.CThe private sectors have listened to the publics call for action and taken action.DPeople from all wal
22、ks of life have made great contributions in the fight against COVID-19.【答案】4C 5B 6B 7D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国钢琴家郎朗将加盟众星云集的“同一个世界”音乐会，这是一场电视直播、在线直播的全球音乐会，旨在表彰和支持抗击新冠肺炎疫情的一线医护人员。这场大流行规模太大，各国政府无法单独应对，各界人士为抗击新冠肺炎作出了重要贡献。4推理判断题。根据第一段Chinese pianist Lang Lang will join in a star-studded cast of celebrities for On
23、e World: Together at Home, a televised and online-streamed global concert honoring and supporting front-line healthcare workers amid the coronavirus pandemic.“中国钢琴家郎朗将加盟众星云集的“One World: Together at Home”音乐会，这是一场电视直播、在线直播的全球音乐会，旨在表彰和支持抗击新冠肺炎疫情的一线医护人员。”由此判断出，Together at Home的目的是支持和向医护人员表达尊重。故选C。5细节理解题
24、。根据第五段中One World: Together At Home will be hosted by Jimmy Fallon of The Tonight Show, Jimmy Kimmel of Jimmy Kimmel Live and Stephen Colbert of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.“One World: Together at Home”将由今夜秀的吉米法伦、吉米坎摩尔秀的吉米坎摩尔和深夜秀的斯蒂芬科尔伯特共同主持。”由此可知，Stevie Wonder不主持Together At Home。故选B。6词义猜测题。根据
25、最后一段中We are grateful to the private sectors who have listened to the publics call for action and come together to support the global response to COVID-19.“我们感谢私营机构聆听公众的呼吁，共同支持全球应对新型冠状病毒肺炎。”可知，“这种流行病传播规模太大，各国政府无法单独应对，所以需要共同支持全球应对新型冠状病毒肺炎。”由此推知划线词的意思是“应对，处理”。故选B。7推理判断题。根据最后一段中Our hope for the special
26、is that everyone will come away believing that we, as a shared humanity, can emerge from this moment forever grateful for the work of doctors, nurses, teachers, grocery store workers and all those who are the backbone of our communities.“我们希望每个人都能相信，我们作为人类共同体，能够从这一刻起永远感谢医生、护士、教师、杂货店工作人员以及所有那些我们社区的中坚
27、力量。”由此判断出，各界人士为抗击新冠肺炎作出了重要贡献。故选D。【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其要抓住所需推断词汇前后的内容来判断划线词义。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中We are grateful to the private sectors who have listened to the publics call for action and come together to support the global response to COVID-19.“我们感谢私营部门听
28、取公众的行动呼吁，共同支持全球应对COVID-19疫情。”可知，“这种流行病传播规模太大，各国政府无法单独应对，所以需要共同支持全球应对新型冠状病毒肺炎。”由此推知划线词的意思是“应对，处理”。故选B。COnline shopping is a type of remote transaction as it is a purchase agreement reached by two parties through the transmission of network information. The purchaser places an order and makes payment,
29、 and the seller is required to ship the merchandise within 24-48 hours. However, if the seller is out of stock, then the merchandise cannot be shipped on time, so the consumer faces the risk of having to wait for a long time. If there is a holiday, the merchandise tends to be delayed due to the logi
30、stics(物流) companies being busy. Moreover, your merchandise may be damaged during transportation or delivery process. Re-order or reshipment also takes time. Consumers are advised to avoid the peak of online shopping when purchasing fresh and urgently needed products. Close attention should also be p
31、aid to logistics information after payment.Customers who shop online are required to register as a member on the corresponding shopping website. When registering, certain personal information is required. Some websites need your personal information such as your contacts and bank card account, other
32、wise you will not be able to complete the transaction. Some computer hackers may obtain your personal information through certain means, and illegally make use of the information to threaten your personal and property safety. At the same time, the development of the modern logistics industry may als
33、o let out your private information. When sending and receiving deliveries, you need to fill in the contact number of both parties to facilitate communication, which, however, may also compromise privacy.Returning the products purchased online may be troublesome. The customer will get in touch with t
34、he seller to request a return when the quality or the description of the product received does not match the advertisement. The seller may refuse the return for various reasons. Even if the relevant authority steps in, there might be a lack of evidence and thus it may be concluded hastily. Since onl
35、ine shopping is a long-distance transaction, it is difficult to guarantee the after-sales service of some goods. Once the product breaks down in later use, it will be difficult to guarantee after-sales rights protection.8The reason why a consumer may wait for a long time might not include_.Athe sell
36、ing party lack goods.Bthe purchaser is busy.Cgoods are not transported at the expected time.Dyour goods may be broken when it is delivered.9If you want to buy fresh and necessary goods online, you should _.Ago to a physical store in person.Bescape the rush hour.Cbuy them during a holiday.Dpay little
37、 attention to logistics information.10When you shop online, which statement is true?AYour personal information may be let out.BCustomers should register in person.CYou are threatened by the hackers.DLogistics industry leaks your privacy.11Whats the best title for this text?AThe long delivery risksBC
38、onsumer rights protection risksCPersonal privacy leakage risksDOnline shopping risks【答案】8B 9B 10A 11D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍网上购物的风险。8细节理解题。根据第一段中if the seller is out of stock, then the merchandise cannot be shipped on time, so the consumer faces the risk of having to wait for a long time. If there is a hol
39、iday, the merchandise tends to be delayed due to the logistics(物流) companies being busy. Moreover, your merchandise may be damaged during transportation or delivery process. Re-order or reshipment also takes time.“如果卖家缺货，那么商品就不能按时发货，所以消费者面临着要等很长时间的风险。如果是节假日，货物往往会因为物流公司的繁忙而延误。此外，您的商品可能在运输或交付过程中受损。重新订
40、购或重新发货也需要时间。”可知，“卖方缺少货物、货物没有按照预期的时间运输和你的货物在运送时可能会损坏”是消费者可能等待很长时间的原因。由此可知，消费者可能等待很长时间的原因可能不包括购买者很忙。故选B。9细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句Consumers are advised to avoid the peak of online shopping when purchasing fresh and urgently needed products.“建议消费者在购买新鲜、急需的商品时避开网购高峰。”由此可知，如果你想在网上购买新鲜和必要的商品，你应该避开高峰期。故选B。10细节理解题。根
41、据第二段中Some computer hackers may obtain your personal information through certain means, and illegally make use of the information to threaten your personal and property safety.“一些电脑黑客可能通过某些手段获取您的个人信息，并非法利用这些信息威胁您的人身和财产安全。”由此可知，网上购物，你的个人信息可能被泄露。故选A。11标题判断题。根据第二段中Some computer hackers may obtain your p
42、ersonal information through certain means, and illegally make use of the information to threaten your personal and property safety.“一些电脑黑客可能通过某些手段获取您的个人信息，并非法利用这些信息威胁您的人身和财产安全。”最后一段中Since online shopping is a long-distance transaction, it is difficult to guarantee the after-sales service of some goo
43、ds. Once the product breaks down in later use, it will be difficult to guarantee after-sales rights protection.“由于网上购物是一种长距离的交易，所以很难保证一些商品的售后服务。一旦产品在以后的使用中出现故障，售后维权就很难保证。”由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“网上购物的风险”。故选D。DUniversities in East Chinas Shandong province will be partnered with universities in the United Kin
44、gdom to provide online assistance and consulting services for Chinese students in the UK during the novel coronavirus outbreak.Around 200 experienced medical and psychological experts selected from 42 universities in Shandong will form about 100 support groups that will be assigned to more than 150
45、British universities. They will remotely offer health advice, both physical and psychological, to Chinese students studying in the UK.Another 60 experts from seven medical colleges in Shandong will take turns to provide 2-hour online consulting advice to the overseas students every day, from 12 noon
46、 to 2 pm, UK time. The experts will share knowledge about COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, as well as offer emergency psychological counseling, and their work will continue until the epidemic ends in the UK.The initiative, titled Hand in Hand, Heart to Heart, was jointly organized by the Shandong P
47、rovincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Peoples Government of Shandong Province, and Chinas embassy in the United Kingdom.The program is the new complementing effort tailored for Chinese citizens abroad to help them with the prevention of the disease, to protect everyones life and h
48、ealth, Yu said, referring to aid from Shandong province that was sent to the UK on March 28 in the form of 15 experts and doctors and 48 metric tons of medical supplies, including 10 ventilators.That team of specialists in disease control included experts in traditional Chinese and Western medicine,
49、 psychology, nursing, and other fields. Members conducted epidemiological investigations and epidemic prevention education, and participated in disease prevention and treatment work during the visit.The program will not only help Chinese students in the UK to overcome difficulties, but will also dee
50、pen the friendship between two peoples in China and the UK, and promote the development of the China-UK golden era, he said.12What can be inferred from the passage?AThe medical staff in China will fly to give timely aid to the Chinese students in UK.BAll the medical assistance will be conducted onli
51、ne.CAll British universities have received Chinas supportive service.DThe medical experts in Shandong will continue their work the epidemic ends throughout the world.13Who will benefit from the program most?AThe British citizensBShandong expertsCUK studentsDChinese students in the UK14What does the
52、underlined word initiative mean?AproposalBabilityCopportunityDcivil right15Whats the authors attitude towards the program?ApositiveBnegativeCneutralDindifferent【答案】12B13D14C15A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国东部山东省的大学将与英国的大学合作，在新型冠状病毒爆发期间为在英国的中国学生提供在线援助和咨询服务。该项目不仅将帮助在英中国留学生克服困难，还将“加深中英两国人民之间的友谊”，促进中英“黄金时代”的发展。12推理判断题
53、。根据第一段Universities in East Chinas Shandong province will be partnered with universities in the United Kingdom to provide online assistance and consulting services for Chinese students in the UK during the novel coronavirus outbreak.“中国东部山东省的大学将与英国的大学合作，在新型冠状病毒爆发期间为在英国的中国学生提供在线援助和咨询服务。”由此判断出，所有的医疗援助都
54、将在网上进行。故选B。13细节理解题。根据第一段Universities in East Chinas Shandong province will be partnered with universities in the United Kingdom to provide online assistance and consulting services for Chinese students in the UK during the novel coronavirus outbreak.“中国东部山东省的大学将与英国的大学合作，在新型冠状病毒爆发期间为在英国的中国学生提供在线援助和咨询
55、服务。”由此可知，在英国的中国留学生从这个项目中获益最大。故选D。14词义猜测题。根据第五段中The program is the new complementing effort tailored for Chinese citizens abroad to help them with the prevention of the disease, to protect everyones life and health,该项目是为海外中国公民量身定制的新的补充措施，旨在帮助他们预防疾病，“保护每个人的生命和健康”，可知，“手拉手，心连心”的活动是一次“机遇”。由此推知划线词的意思是“机遇，
56、机会”。故选C。15推理判断题。根据最后一段中The program will not only help Chinese students in the UK to overcome difficulties, but will also deepen the friendship between two peoples in China and the UK, and promote the development of the China-UK golden era,该项目不仅将帮助在英中国留学生克服困难，还将“加深中英两国人民之间的友谊”，促进中英“黄金时代”的发展。由此判断出，作者对
57、这个节目的态度是“积极的”。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer, suggest, imply, conclude, indicate等标志性词语。本题第1小题，根据第一段Universities in East Chinas Shandong province will be partnered with un
58、iversities in the United Kingdom to provide online assistance and consulting services for Chinese students in the UK during the novel coronavirus outbreak.“中国东部山东省的大学将与英国的大学合作，在新型冠状病毒爆发期间为在英国的中国学生提供在线援助和咨询服务。”由此判断出，所有的医疗援助都将在网上进行。故选D。（2）广西南宁市第三中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中段考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选
59、出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AGrand City Tour with Griffith Park ObservatoryHollywood SignLos Angeles, Hollywood, homes of the movie stars-its all here on this Grand Tour! Your tour guide takes great pride in offering amazing customer service, too. Hotel pickups are available at almost any hotel in Hollywood, Dow
60、ntown LA, Mid-Wilshire, West Hollywood and North Hollywood.From: $69 US DollarsMovie Star Homes GPS Self-Guided Bike TourWant the flexibility of taking a “whenever you feel like it” Hollywood tour? Heres the perfect solution. Explore and experience the best of West Hollywood and Beverly Hills on you
61、r own time, at your own pace! Cycle past legendary homes and all the places where the rich and famous live, shop, eat and play. And your tour is guided by GPS with an iPad fixed to the bicycle!From: $34.95 US DollarsAmazing Scavenger Quest in Los AngelesONLY $44 FOR UP TO 5 PEOPLE! This Amazing Scav
62、enger Quest is an interactive (互动的) adventure that combines the fun of the “Amazing Race” with a three-hour sightseeing tour of historic downtown Los Angeles. Offered at a fixed price for a group as opposed to per person pricing, this city tour/game offers a great value if youre on a budget.From: $4
63、4 US DollarsDisneyland Excursion from Los AngelesSee Disneyland in Anaheim, California-roundtrip transportation from any of the designated (指定的) hotels and admission for a day of Disney fun. Pick-up from Downtown Los Angeles, Los Angeles International Airport, Beverly Hills, Santa Monica, Marina del
64、 Rey, Culver City and South Bay area hotels.From: $179.95 US Dollars1If you like to travel at your own pace, you will most probably be interested in _.AMovie Star Homes GPS Self-Guided Bike TourBAmazing Scavenger Quest in Los AngelesCGrand City Tour with Griffith Park ObservatoryHollywood SignDDisne
65、yland Excursion from Los Angeles2How much will a family of 4 pay for the Amazing Scavenger Quest in Los Angeles?A$69.00 US Dollars.B$35.20 US Dollars.C$44.00 US Dollars.D$176.00 US Dollars.3The price of the Disneyland Excursion from Los Angeles includes all the following expenses EXCEPT _.Apick-up s
66、ervice at some locationsBa one-day ticket to DisneylandCtransportation back to some hotelsDa guided tour around Hollywood【答案】1A 2C 3D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个在洛杉矶市可以参加的一日游项目，内容包括活动特色的介绍，行程安排及费用等信息。1细节理解题。根据Movie Star Homes GPS Self-Guided Bike Tour部分中Explore and experience the best of West Hollywood an
67、d Beverly Hills on your own time, at your own pace!可知按照自己的时间，按照自己的节奏，探索和体验西好莱坞和比佛利山庄的美景！由此可知，如果想按照自己的节奏游玩，Movie Star Homes GPS Self-Guided Bike Tour部分提供的项目符合条件，故选A。2细节理解题。根据Amazing Scavenger Quest in Los Angeles部分中ONLY $44 FOR UP TO 5 PEOPLE!和Offered at a fixed price for a group as opposed to per pe
68、rson pricing, this city tour/game offers a great value if youre on a budget.可知这款城市游/游戏的价格是固定的，而不是按每个人的价格，如果你有预算，它会给你带来很大的价值。由此可知，去洛杉矶的Scavenger Quest的团体价格是5人以内44美元，因此四口之家的费用是44美元。故选C。3细节理解题。根据Disneyland Excursion from Los Angeles部分中See Disneyland in Anaheim, California-roundtrip transportation from
69、any of the designated hotels and admission for a day of Disney fun. Pick-up from Downtown Los Angeles, Los Angeles International Airport,可知游览加州阿纳海姆迪斯尼乐园从指定的酒店出发，往返接送，享受一天的迪斯尼乐趣。从洛杉矶市中心的洛杉矶国际机场接机。由此可知，从洛杉矶到迪士尼游玩的费用包括来回的交通费用和在迪士尼游玩一天的费用，不包括游览好莱坞的费用。故选D。BIm part of the Roots & Shoots program founded by
70、 Dr. Jane Goodall. The program is intended to make and promote positive changes in the world. As Dr. Goodall says, “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make.”In Bulgaria, where I live, homeless dogs are everywhere. Many people here turn a blind
71、eye to them. But I cannot ignore the life of a street dog whenever I see one wandering in the street, looking for something to eat. Thats why Im no longer a food waster. When I see wasted food, I always think of a hungry dog climbing to garbage bins, searching for food that people have thrown there.
72、 When eating in a restaurant, Im not afraid to take leftover food to feed stray cats or dogs.A week ago, I saw a homeless dog around the garbage bins. Immediately I knelt down, spoke to her softly and ran my hands over her. I could see that she had had puppies. I couldnt imagine how she could have b
73、een able to care for them. Hours earlier, Id bagged up a plate of leftover fish. As I unwrapped it, she wagged her tail and sniffed at it. She ate all the fish in no time.Its sad, isnt it? I cant understand why many of us waste so much and think little of it. These homeless animals have taught me th
74、at food is precious. Even when I dont have leftovers with me, Ill take the time to get something from the grocery store to feed them.I know my power is small, so I hope that next time you see wasted food, do turn it into worthy food. You have the power to save a life!4The author uses what Dr. Goodal
75、l says to show_.Ahow we can develop our businessBwhy it is important to be greatCwhy the program is popular globallyDhow we can change the world positively5What can be concluded from the text?AThere are few homeless dogs where the author livesBThe author takes homeless dogs home and raises themCSeei
76、ng homeless dogs makes the author never waste foodDPeople throw food into garbage bins to feed homeless dogs6The author took the leftover fish with him to_.Afeed a homeless dog he metBeat it when he was hungryClook for more homeless animalsDset an example to those who throw away food7The author wrot
77、e the text to ask us to_.Avalue our foodBtreat dogs as our friendsCsave wasted food for homeless dogsDraise homeless dogs and cats【答案】4D 5C 6A 7C【解析】本文为记叙文。作者是“根与芽”项目（这个专为年轻人设计的全球性的环境与人道主义教育拓展项目，它是一个以活动而不是以研究为基础的指导性的计划）的成员，在文章中作者记叙了自己在帮助流浪动物的故事，展示了自己对世界产生积极影响方面是如何做的，同时呼吁更多的人为流浪狗节约那些剩下的食物。4细节理解题。根据第一
78、段中的The program is intended to make and promote positive changes in the world. As Dr. Goodall says, “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make.”可知Goodall博士说：“你做的事情有影响并且你必须决定你想做出哪种影响。”推知，作者引用Goodall博士的话是为了表明我们如何积极地改变世界。故选D。5推理判断题。根据第二段中的Thats why I
79、m no longer a food waster.及下文对浪费粮食的看法描述可推知，作者看到那些流浪狗的状况，让作者不再浪费粮食了。故选C。6推理判断题。根据第二段中的When eating in a restaurant, Im not afraid to take leftover food to feed stray cats or dogs.和第三段中的Hours earlier, Id bagged up a plate of leftover fish.可推知，好几个小时之前，作者打包了一盘剩下的鱼，目的就是去喂那些能遇到的流浪狗或猫。故选A。7推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中的so
80、 I hope that next time you see wasted food, do turn it into worthy food. You have the power to save a life!可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁更多的人为流浪狗节约那些剩下的食物。故选C。CThere are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be remembered at a later time when it is needed. The informa
81、tion may be kept for days or weeks. However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second la
82、nguage remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English: beginning, intermediate (中等), and native speaking students.To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Follow
83、ing the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording, some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter
84、are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made mo
85、re of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Hennings results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in
86、their short-term memory.8Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AHenning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.BLong-term memory can be achieved only by training.CIt is easier to test short-term memory than long-term memory.DInformation in short-term memory i
87、s different from that in long-term memory.9The word subject in the passage means _.Athe theme of listening materialBthe student experimented onCa branch of knowledge studiedDa native speaker10From Hennings result we can see that _.Aadvanced students always remember words by their meaningBbeginners h
88、ave difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of wordsCit is difficult to remember words that sound alikeDit is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning11The passage centers on _.Aan experiment on studentsBtwo kinds of memoryCshort-term memoryDmemory【答案】8D9B10B11C【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读。作者
89、通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了人类的短时间记忆以及Henning的不同程度英语学习者的记忆实验，结果发现，英语初学者会短期记忆单词的发音，而程度高的学生则是把单词的意义短期记忆。8细节理解题。根据第一段中However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over.可知然而，短期记忆中的信息只保留几秒钟，通常是通过一遍又一遍地重复这些信息。由此可知，D选项“短期记忆中的信息与长期记忆中的信息不同”正确。故选D。
90、9词义猜测题。根据第二段中The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students.可知他实验的对象为75名大学生，可推测出subject是指参与实验的学生，故选B。10推理判断题。根据第四段中Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mis
91、takes on words that have the same meaning.可知Henning发现，英语熟练程度较低的学生在发音相似的单词上犯的错误更多;熟练程度高的学生在相同意思的单词上犯的错误更多。由此可知，从Henning的研究结果我们可以看出，初学者在区分单词的发音方面有困难。故选B。11主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要描述了一个记忆测试的实验，根据最终的结论初学者单词的声音保持短期记忆，而程度高的学生能把单词的意义短时记忆。可知文章的中心是短期记忆。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用re
92、fer to, be called或thats to say, such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容
93、，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第二小题，根据第二段中The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students.可知他实验的对象为75名大学生，可推测出subject是指参与实验的学生，故选B。DStarbucks founder, Howard Schultz, came up with an idea for his coffee chain while drinking espresso (浓咖啡)in a ba
94、r. He took a good product, repackaged it and globalized it. But to many Italians, the coffee served by Starbucks and other branded stores is as far away from proper Italian coffee as you can get, despite the Italian-sounding offerings on their menus.Now, I am part-Italian and like most Italians, I t
95、hink that Italy represents the height of coffee culture, against the standard by which all coffee should be measured. My Italian friends and family hate the idea of adding a little sugar juice or other things to their valuable cappuccino (卡布奇诺).I have a coffee machine at home, which is to the Italia
96、n kitchen what the kettle is to the British. As far as Im concerned, the cappuccinos, lattes (拿铁)and espressos served in branded coffee chains taste bitter, a low copy of the real thing.Youd never ask for a latte in Italy. If you did, youd get served a glass of milk. Coffee and espresso are the same
97、 in Italy. Then theres the Australian “white coffee”, a halfway house between a Starbucks-style latte and a macchiato(玛奇朵). The “white coffee” has gone global so much that recently it replaced the cappuccino on Starbucks menu in some parts of the US.Whats more, Italians dont waste time around in cof
98、fee shop armchairs drinking cappuccinos while surfing the Internet. Still, when it comes to taste, Italians are trying to reclaim the ground. Part of the problem is the price of coffee. Most Italian bars will not charge more than one euro a cup, which means there isnt the choice to purchase more hig
99、h-quality coffee. Italian flavor is held back by the way the coffee is boiled.I still think Ill be sticking to home-made coffee from my trusted machine. And Ill continue to drink it in the Italian way.12Whats the purpose of telling the story of Starbucks in Paragraph 1?ATo introduce the topic of the
100、 passage.BTo introduce the history of Starbucks.CTo present the standard of good coffee.DTo explain the key to the success of Starbucks.13In the authors opinion, the coffee served in Italian branded stores _.Acontains too much sugar juiceBrepresents the Italian coffee cultureCis very different from
101、that served in the USDcannot meet the Italian standard of good coffee14Italians prefer home-made coffee due to the fact that_.Ahome-made coffee is much cheaperBthey can produce proper Italian coffee at homeCeach family has a tradition to use the coffee machineDthey can have access to the Internet wh
102、en drinking coffee at home15According to the passage, we can infer that_.AStarbucks coffee doesnt agree with the ItaliansBwhite coffee tastes sweeter than cappuccinoCItalian coffee culture is widely spread all over the worldDthe British like the kettle the same way as the Italians like coffee【答案】12A
103、13D14B15A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章以星巴克为开篇引入了文章主题意大利的咖啡文化，作者和大多数意大利人一样，认为意大利代表着咖啡文化的高度，与所有咖啡的标准相比，意大利的咖啡应该是标准的。说明了意大利咖啡的特色以及星巴克咖啡不适合意大利人。12推理判断题。根据第一段中But to many Italians, the coffee served by Starbucks and other branded stores is as far away from proper Italian coffee as you can get, despite the Italian-s
104、ounding offerings on their menus.可知但是对很多意大利人来说，星巴克和其他品牌的咖啡和你能买到的正宗意大利咖啡相差太远，尽管他们的菜单上有意大利风味。由此可知，第一段讲述星巴克的故事的目的是引入文章的主题。故选A。13细节理解题。根据第二段中As far as Im concerned, the cappuccinos, lattes and espressos served in branded coffee chains taste bitter, a low copy of the real thing.可知据我所知，品牌咖啡连锁店提供的卡布奇诺、拿铁和意
105、式浓缩咖啡尝起来很苦，是正宗的低仿品。由此可知，在作者看来，意大利品牌店提供的咖啡无法达到意大利优质咖啡的标准。故选D。14推理判断题。根据第二段中I have a coffee machine at home, which is to the Italian kitchen what the kettle is to the British. As far as Im concerned, the cappuccinos, lattes and espressos served in branded coffee chains taste bitter, a low copy of the
106、real thing.可知我家里有一台咖啡机，它对于意大利厨房就像水壶对于英国厨房一样重要。据我所知，品牌咖啡连锁店提供的卡布奇诺、拿铁和意式浓缩咖啡尝起来很苦，是正宗的低仿品。由此可推知，意大利人更喜欢在家煮咖啡，因为他们可以在家里煮出正宗的意大利咖啡。故选B。15推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Whats more, Italians dont waste time around in coffee shop armchairs drinking cappuccinos while surfing the Internet.可知更重要的是，意大利人不会把时间浪费在咖啡店的扶手椅上，一边喝着卡布
107、奇诺一边上网。由此可推知，星巴克咖啡不适合意大利人。故选A。【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第四小题，根据倒数第二段中Whats more, Italians dont waste time around in coffee shop armchairs drinking cappuccinos while surfing the Interne
108、t.可知更重要的是，意大利人不会把时间浪费在咖啡店的扶手椅上，一边喝着卡布奇诺一边上网。由此可推知，星巴克咖啡不适合意大利人。故选A。（3）河北省唐山市海港高级中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第五次校考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn fifth grade, my backpack was stolen from my dads car, which had my binder(活页夹) with a few valuable stories that I have been working on for qui
109、te a while. I was very devastated. Then I decided to go to school with absolutely nothing. My 5th grade teacher, Miss Taylor, was really sweet, understanding and kind to me. She gave me an extra binder that she had, and to help personalize it, she got out a piece of paper, and started writing my nam
110、e in a cool letter style. I was deeply moved by what she had done for me that day. But heres something even better. Later that same day, Miss Taylor had gotten a call from the office and told me exactly this “Zoe, A wonder has happened! Someone found your binder!” And I ran down to the office, and g
111、ot my binder. It was really packed full, because the person that had found it had collected all written works and put them inside of my binder. When I opened it, an envelope fell out. On the back of the envelope was “Im sorry all your things got stolen, but I hope this helps.” I opened the envelope
112、and it had $20 in it. If something bad happens or if life lets you down sometimes, there are always lots of people out there that are kind, and can bring back faith and hope to humanity.16. What does the underlined word “devastated” mean? A. Moved.B. Shocked. C. Sad. D. Content.17. What did the stra
113、nger do to help the author? A. He bought her a new binder. B. He called to lend the binder.C. He helped personalize the binder. D. He brought back a fully packed binder.18. Why did the author write the story? A. To express her sincere appreciation. B. To share her unlucky experience. C. To remember
114、her teachers kindness. D. To introduce the strangers generosity.【答案】16. C 17. D 18. ABTop 4 Amusement Parks in the WorldItssummertime! That means parents have extra time to spend with their children, and what better way to engage in classic fun withfamilyand friends than to visit anamusement park? T
115、ake a look at these fun choices perfect summer trip ideas to fit every budget(预算).Cedar PointTickets: $280 for adults, $120 for childrenPraising itself as the roller coaster capital of the world, Cedar Points 18 coasters will ensure youre riding all day. Reader Alicia Goettemoeller describes the par
116、k as a “paradise for excited thrillers” while reader Nick Schuyler says it is “built for grown-up kids.”KnoebelsTickets: $120 for adults, $10 for childrenThis old-fashioned amusement park is a must for your old memory games as well as money saving admittance and parking are free of charge. Reader Tr
117、acy Ginsburg Maier says “a family of 4 can enjoy special offer to eat, swim and ride all day for $100” at Knoebels.Kings IslandTickets: $340 for adults, $160 for childrenKings Island is one of the most visited theme parks in the US, with more than 3 million visitors per year. The park is especially
118、known for its family-friendly attractions, such as Snoopy Island. Tickets to the main park also include admission to the nearby water park, Boomerang Bay.Dells Water ParksTickets: $140 for adults, $80 for childrenWisconsin Dells is a water park with dozens of indoor and outdoor water parks to spread
119、 around in. One of them, Noahs Ark, is the largest outdoor water park in the US. Many are open year-round and no charge for children under five.19. Where can a family with 2 children enjoy themselves with the least money?A. In Kings Island.B. In Knoebels. C. In Dells Water Parks. D. In Cedar Point.2
120、0. What is Kings Island famous for?A. The largest number of visitors.B. The largest outdoor water park.C. Its attractions for all family members.D. Its free admission to the nearby parks.21. What can be learned from the passage?A. Younger children cannot have fun in Cedar Point.B. The most visited t
121、heme park in the US is Kings Island.C. Noahs Ark is the largest indoor water park in the US.D. Visitors can find old time memories in Snoopy Island.【答案】19. B 20. C 21. ACWe all need to eat. So, meals could be a chance to stop what were doing and spend time with the people in our lives. A recent stud
122、y from a team of South Korea suggests that eating together has many good effects on children and teenagers while frequently eating alone may lead to poor eating habits and poor food choices. People who eat alone more than twice a week have a greater risk of developing high blood pressure.There are b
123、enefits of family dinners on children and teenagers.In 2014, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) looked at data from nearly three-quarters of the worlds countries. Among its findings is the fact that students who share a main meal with their families are less likely to h
124、ate school. Children who eat a main meal with their families are also less likely to take drugs(毒品).In the report, titled “The Importance of Family Dinners (VIII),” researchers say that teens who have frequent family dinners are more likely to say their parents know a lot about whats going on in the
125、ir lives.Another study from the University of Montreal finds that children who eat with their families experience long-term physical and mental health benefits. These children are physically in better shape and drink fewer sugary soft drinks. These children also seem to have better social skills and
126、 are less violent.One of the researchers, Pagani, involved in this study is a professor at the university. She says that mealtimes with parents possibly provide young children with firsthand social events, which helps them have better communication skills.22. Why is eating meals alone frequently bad
127、 for peoples health?A. Because people will get a chance to make friends.B. Because people will have a risk of heart attack. C. Because people will show no interest in food.D. Because people will develop poor eating habits.23. Whats the topic of the passage?A. Ways to eat together more.B. Benefits of
128、 eating together.C. Chances to spend time with people.D. Risks of developing high blood pressure.24. Whats the advantage of family dinners for children?A. They could enjoy sweet, and hard drinks.B. They perform better in social activities. C. They feel their parents know more about their studies. D.
129、 They experience long-term physical and mental illness.25. Whats Paganis attitude to eating family meals together? A. Supportive. B. Uninterested. C. Worried. D. Doubtful.【答案】22. D 23. B 24. B 25. A（4）甘肃省天水市第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。APacific Science Cente
130、r GuideVisit Pacific Science Centers StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.HungryOur exhibits will feed your
131、 mind, but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belonging
132、s during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a p
133、assion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we c
134、annot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.1. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A. In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C. At the the
135、Laser Dome.D. At the Denny Way entrance.2. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A. Train Science teachers.B. Distribute science books.C. Inspire scientific research.D. Take science to the classroom.3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A. To encourage donations.B. To adverti
136、se coming events.C. To introduce special exhibits.D. To tell about the Centers history.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据题干关键词souvenir定位在第一段The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next
137、to the Laser Dome.可知，Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据题干for school定位在最后一段Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State可知，现在Pacific Science C
138、enter每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到华盛顿州的学校课程。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段标题Support Pacific Science Center和信息句Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center可知，作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之捐赠。故选A。BI work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education or
139、ganization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I ar
140、rived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very help
141、ful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chic
142、ks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all!
143、 The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.4. What is
144、 unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1?A. Efforts made in vain.B. Getting injured in his work.C. Feeling uncertain about his future.D. Creatures forced out of their homes.5. Why was the author called to Muttontown?A. To rescue a woman.B. To take care of a woman.C. To look a
145、t a baby owl.D. To cure a young owl.6. What made the chick calm down?A. A new nest.B. Some food.C. A recording.D. Its parents.7. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A. Its unexpected.B. Its beautiful.C. Its humorous.D. Its discouraging.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了
146、作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知，救助受伤动物是令人心碎的，因为不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived,
147、I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据前文描述可知，作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐。作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美
148、好的。再结合第一段的However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。CSome people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: international contests encoura
149、ge false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the incident of tragedy involving murders of
150、 athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.One country received its second-place medals with visible anger after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, as the losers disagreed with the final decis
151、ions. They believed that one of their goals should have been allowed and that their opponents victory was unfair. Their manager was in great anger when he said: “This isnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behav
152、ior could result in the suspension(停赛) of the team for at least three years.The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable(有争议的) end to their contest. The game had ended in disorder. It was thought at first that the United States had won by
153、 a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury (评审委员会)
154、 debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athlet
155、es should compete as individuals or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism (爱国主义).8. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have _.A. created goodwill between the nations
156、B. hardly showed any international friendshipC. caused only false national prideD. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred9. What did the manager mean by saying, “.Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished”?A. Hockey and the Federation are ruined by the unfair decisions.B.
157、 His team would no longer take part in international games.C. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation.D. The Federation should be ended.10. Which statement best summarizes this passage?A. Athletes should compete as individuals.B. Different teams often have disputes when fi
158、ghting for the first place.C. Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended.D. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。人们总是认为体育赛事能够增进人们之间的情感，使人能够友好互助，但是很多的国际赛事没有达到此目的，相反人们相互误解甚至憎恨。奥运会也不例外，为了改变这种状况，奥运会机构必须要改进。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子but in rece
159、nt years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sport encourages international brotherhood.“但近年来，奥运会在支持体育促进国际友谊方面收效甚微。”可知在最近几年的奥运会上，几乎没有表现出任何国际友谊。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的句子There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, as the losers disagreed with the final decisions.
160、 They believed that one of their goals should have been allowed and that their opponents victory was unfair.Their manager was in great anger when he said: “This isnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.”曲棍球比赛结束时，由于输球的一方不同意最后的裁决，场面十分吵闹。他们认为他们的一个进球应该被允许，而他们的对手的胜利是不公平的。他
161、们的经理非常生气，他说:“这不是曲棍球。曲棍球和国际曲棍球联合会就此结束。由此判断出，曲棍球和联盟被这些不公平的决定给毁了。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game“只要体育运动是竞争性的，而不是出于对比赛的热爱，此类事件就会继续发生”。和But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far t
162、oo much that encourages aggressive patriotism (爱国主义).“但在目前的奥运会组织中，鼓励激进的爱国主义的东西太多了。”可知“奥运会机构必须要改进”可以最好地概括这篇文章。故选D。（5）湖北省十堰市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AHow to Be a WinnerSir Steven RedgraveWinner of 5 Olympic Gold MedalsIn 1997 I was found to have developed
163、diabetes (糖尿病). Believing my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isnt difficult sometim
164、es. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasnt finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way. Karen PickeringSwimming World ChampionI swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of of my diary. This is the key to success- you cant follow a career in any fie
165、ld without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and youll be a step closer to achieving them.Kirsten BestPoet & WriterWhen things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve s
166、omething. Then there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as calm, peace or focus, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit tha
167、t can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tools.31. What does the underlined word distractions probably refer to?A. Ways that help one to focus.B. Words that help one to feel less tense.C. Activities that turn ones attention away.D. Habits that make it hard for one
168、 to relax.32. What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?A. Her training schedule.B. Her daily happenings.C. Her achievements.D. Her sports career.33. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?A. Difficulties influenced his career.B. Specialist offered him medical advice.C. Training hel
169、ped him defeat his disease.D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.34. According to the passage, what do the three people have in common?A. Courage.B. Devotion.C. Hard work.D. Self- confidence.【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些著名人物成功的经历。【31题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一部分的When things are gettin
170、g hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve something.可知，当事情变难的时候，脑海里就有一个声音告诉我，我成就不了一些事情；根据最后一部分的The key is to concentrate.可知，关键是专注。由此可以推测出来，专注之后，脑海里出现的其他声音，都不能影响自己做的事。因此，distractions的意思是转移某人注意力的事物，故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of work
171、load by putting it on top of my diary.可知，我一天游4个小时，一周六个小时。我通过把它写作日记的最上方来管理这种运动安排。由此可知，Karen Pickering日记里最前面是她的训练计划。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一部分In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes (糖尿病). Believing my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why
172、I should stop training and competing. That was it the encouragement I needed.可知，1997年，我发现自己患了糖尿病。认为我的事业结束了，我觉得很失望。一个专家说，我没理由停止训练和竞赛。那正是我需要的鼓励。由此可以看出，他克服了疾病的阴影；根据第一部分Sir Steven Redgrave Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals可知，Sir Steven Redgrave获得了成功。因此，主 Sir Steven Redgrave主要要谈论的是，他克服了疾病的阴影，取得了成功。故选D。【34题
173、详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分I could still be a winner if I believed in myself.可知，如果相信自己，我依然是赢家；根据第二部分Trust yourself可知，要相信自己；根据第三部分It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. 可知，它让我感觉更有控制力，增强了我的信心。因此，三个人的共同点是自信。故选D。【点睛】在做有小标题的阅读时，可以用“找读”的办法，省时而且准确。比如第2小题根据题干中的Karen Pickering 和 top of her diary可以
174、找到答案区域，在第二部分I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary.可知，我一天游4个小时，一周六个小时。我通过把它写作日记的最上方来管理这种运动安排。由此可知，Karen Pickering日记的最上方是她的训练计划。故选A。判断出A选项。BGeorge is in his bedroom. He is playing on his computer again! George plays on his computer every d
175、ay. But George feels sad. He plays on his computer because he doesnt have any friends. Sometimes he dreams he is playing football with lots of friends, but it never happens.Today George is playing a computer football game. He is playing against the computer and he is winning. Suddenly the computer s
176、peaks to George.Hello, George! What game can we play now?George is surprised and jumps up from his chair. He cant believe it. Maybe he is dreaming.George looks at the computer with big eyes. You can speak!Yes. I can do many amazing things! Two arms shoot out of the sides of the computer. And then tw
177、o legs. Suddenly the computer is walking!Lets go for a walk to find a friend, says the computer. The computer runs along the road. It goes into the library, where there are lots of computers. There is a boy, Tommy, sitting there, doing his homework.Tommy looks at the crazy computer.Whats this? he cr
178、ies. A computer with arms and legs? Georges computer is in the middle of the room. Its getting bigger and bigger.It is out of control. The lights in the library are flashing on and off. People are running out of the library.Quick! says George. He grabs a stick and hits his computer. There is a loud
179、bang and it explodes into the air and falls to the ground into small pieces.Hes gone, says Tommy.Tommy and George leave the library together. Tommy lives in the next street to George. Thats my house, says Tommy. Do you want to play football in the garden?Yes, says George, smiling. Who needs computer
180、s?35. When George and the computer entered the library, what was Tommy doing?A He was chatting with a net friend.B. He was doing his homework.C. He was playing football on a computer.D. He was repairing a computer.36. What does the underlined word it refer to?A. The libraryB. The stickC. Tommys home
181、workD. Georges computer37. The passage may be a(n) _.A. ad for a supercomputerB. football match reportC. science storyD. diary38. The passage implies that _.A. computers make people communicates with each other.B. children prefer playing football on the computer.C. online games replace some traditio
182、nal ways of playingD. computers will drive people mad in the future.【答案】35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文是一个科技故事。乔治没有朋友，只能经常电脑一起玩。突然间，电脑跟乔治说话，并带他去了图书馆，并遇到了Tommy，之后电脑消失，乔治和Tommy成为了好朋友。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段There is a boy, Tommy, sitting there, doing his homework.可知，有一个名叫Tommy的男孩，坐在那儿，做作业。因此，当乔治和电脑走进图
183、书馆时，Tommy在做作业。故选B。【36题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的Quick! says George. He grabs a stick and hits his computer.可知，快点，乔治说。他抓起一根棍子，打他的电脑；根据划线词所在的句子There is a loud bang and it explodes into the air and falls to the ground into small pieces.可知，有一声巨响，它在空中爆炸，而后摔成碎片。根据以上内容，可以推断it指代前文的his computer，即乔治的电脑。故选D。37题详解】推理判断题
184、。根据第九段Whats this? he cries. A computer with arms and legs? Georges computer is in the middle of the room. Its getting bigger and bigger.可知，“这是什么？”他喊着，“一台电脑有手臂和腿？”乔治的电脑在房间中央，变得越来越大。从这个描述判断出这是个与电脑有关的科技故事。故选C。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段Lets go for a walk to find a friend, says the computer.可知，电脑说，我们去找朋友吧！根据倒数第一
185、个第二段Hes gone, says Tommy. Tommy and George leave the library together.Tommy lives in the next street to George. Thats my house, says Tommy. Do you want to play football in the garden?可知，Tommy说它走了，Tommy和乔治一起离开了图书馆。成为了好朋友，可以推测出，这篇文章暗示电脑促使人互相交流。故选A。CBritish singer-song writer James Blunt shot to fame i
186、n 2005 with his single Youre Beautiful and album(专辑) Back To Bedlam, and since then he remained the top of the UK singles chart.Before James Blunt became a musician, he served in the army to fight for Queen and country. He spent four and a half years there, with six months in Kosovo as part of the p
187、eacekeeping force. Before leaving the army, Blunt had decided to achieve his dream of becoming a musician. In 2003, he was discovered by music producer Linda Perry who signed him to her Custard label. However the road to success never runs smoothly. It seemed that he would become another struggling
188、singer trying to live from hand to mouth (勉强维持生计) when his first two singles failed to make an impact on the British charts. But everything changed when his third single Youre Beautiful made it all the way to No.1 on the UK singles charts, and remained there for five weeks. The album Back to Bedlam
189、soon followed and quickly became one of the biggest selling records of the year, remaining then continual weeks at No.1. Since then, he has sold more than three million records, making him the first British artist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.Blunt, 34, a throwback (返祖者) to
190、the 1970s softrock golden age, has been quoted by Western media as saying that he will never get used to people screaming at him in the street.His success proves a lasting theory: You spend years chasing the right song. Then, if youre lucky, and if the song really takes off, you spend the rest of yo
191、ur life trying to escape it, or learning to live with it, a few years removed from Youre Beautiful, he can still fill stages worldwide with fans who stay until the end.39. What do we learn from the passage?A. Blunt was discovered by Linda Perry before joining the army.B. Blunt has already become fam
192、ous before joining the army.C. Blunt spent five years in the army altogether.D. Blunt had the dream of becoming a musician before leaving the army.40. Which of the following can describe James Blunts life as a musician before he sang the song Youre Beautiful ?A. DifficultB. HappyC. BoringD. Smooth41
193、. We can infer from the last paragraph that_.A. Blunt is well-known in the world for his talent.B. Blunts fame as a musician came easily.C. Blunt wasnt lucky enough to win his fans support.D. Blunt has to face the inconvenience that his fame has caused.42. What is the passage mainly about?A. The son
194、g Youre BeautifulB. The latest album of James BluntC. The success of James Blunt as a musicianD. The whole life of James Blunt【答案】39. D 40. A 41. D 42. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国歌手兼歌曲作家James Blunt的单曲Youre Beautiful和专辑Back To Bedlam，以及他的成名之路。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Before leaving the army, Blunt had decided
195、to achieve his dream of becoming a musician.可知，在离开军队前，Blunt 决定实现他成为音乐家的梦想。因此，在离开军队前，Blunt梦想成为音乐家。故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段However the road to success never runs smoothly.It seemed that he would become another struggling singer trying to live from hand to mouth (勉强维持生计) when his first two singles failed
196、 to make an impact on the British charts. But everything changed when his third single Youre Beautiful made it all the way to No.1 on the UK singles charts, and remained there for five weeks.可知，然而，成功之路从不平坦，当前两支单曲都没能在British charts上产生影响时，他似乎还是要成为挣扎着勉强维持生计的歌手。但是一切在第三支单曲Youre Beautiful成为UK singles char
197、ts的第一名时改变了，第一名的位置维持了五周。由此判断出，在唱Youre Beautiful之前，James Blunt作为音乐家的生涯是艰难的，故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段if youre lucky, and if the song really takes off, you spend the rest of your life trying to escape it, or learning to live with it, a few years removed from Youre Beautiful, he can still fill stages world
198、wide with fans who stay until the end.可知，如果你幸运，如果这首歌真的很流行，你余下的生活都在逃避它，或者学着与它一起生活。Youre Beautiful过去了几年后，他仍然能让那些来自世界各地的粉丝们把剧院塞满，一直到表演结束。用余下的时间逃避或学着与它一起生活，可以看出成名也会有烦恼，由此判断出，Blunt必须面对出名带来的不便。故选D。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段Since then, he has sold more than three million records, making him the first British art
199、ist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.可知，此后，他卖了超过300万张唱片，使他成为近十年来，在美国单打排行榜上名列前茅的第一个英国艺术家。根据最后一段His success proves a lasting theory可知他的成功证明了一个持久的理论。由此可知，文章主要是是关于詹姆斯布朗特是一位成功的音乐家。故选C。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出
200、现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个人的成功经历的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段或最后一部分或者某一段中出现。因此，根据倒数第三段Since then, he has sold more than three million records, making him the first British artist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.可知，此后，他卖了超过300万张唱片，使他成为近十年来，在美国单打排行榜上名列前茅的第一个英国艺术家。根据最后一段His succ
201、ess proves a lasting theory可知他的成功证明了一个持久的理论。由此可知，文章主要是是关于詹姆斯布朗特是一位成功的音乐家故选C项。DLike you and your pet dog, plants are living things: they eat, drink, and grow. Unlike you and your dog, they cant run away, use fists or teeth, or hide under the covers when theyre threatened. But they can fight back.Why
202、would a plant need to fight back? To avoid being eaten, of course! Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can grow in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place. Think of plants youve seen growing on steep, rocky cliff (悬崖). Or, a plant could make only some parts of itself attractive to hu
203、ngry insects and animals. For instance, if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might eat the leaves instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants. Some plants have sharp or slippery (滑的) parts that discourage insects and other animal
204、s from getting too close, like the thorns(刺) on a rosebush.But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals from the soil and combine them into chemicals that do a lot of work. For example, plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine a
205、nd water into the sugars that plants eat.They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves. One kind of tobacco plant releases a chemical into the air whenever small bugs begin to eat it. The chemical signals large bugs, saying Dinners ready! The big bugs come to eat the little ones and save th
206、e plant.Most plants use chemicals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.43. What does the underlined word convert mean?A. ChangeB. SeparateC. FormD. Produce44. What do we know from the passage?A. Some plants hide under the covers when faced with threat.B. A p
207、lant grows in a hard-to-get-to place to draw peoples attention.C. Some plants produce tasty leaves to protect their seeds.D. Plants produce chemicals to meet the needs of big bugs.45. What may be talked about following the last paragraph?A. Different effects that different plant poisons cause on pla
208、nt eaters.B. Different kinds of plants in the world.C. Why plants make poison?D. How to protect plants?46. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Plant information.B. Plant enemies.C. Plant poisons.D. Plant protection.【答案】43. A 44. C 45. A 46. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击和保护自己的。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据
209、下划线所在的句子plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine and water into the sugars that plants eat.可知，植物产生叶绿素，能将阳光和水变成植物需要的糖分。根据语境，可以推测convert是“改变、转变”的意思，即change。故选A。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might eat the leav
210、es instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants.可知，如果一种植物产生真正美味的叶子，食草动物（只吃植物的动物）可能吃叶子而不是种子，植物需要种子来长出更多的植物。由此可知，一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Most plants use chemicals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.可知，大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质
211、来对抗敌人。换句话说，植物产生毒素。由此推测，接下来会写，不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can grow in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place.植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以接近的地方。根据第三段But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.可知，但最有趣的方式是植
212、物通过使用化学物质反击；根据第四段They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves.可知，他们也产生化学物质来保护自己。由此可以看出，文章是关于植物保护的。短文的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。EOnly three local students won Chinese Blog (博客) Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.170 students task: to get a fully-designed blog up and r
213、unning, complete with many positions based on a theme of choice- to food blogs.The entries were judged on Language proficiency(熟练程度) and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of exchanging ideas with readers.Academics from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University
214、, IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges.In the end, only three Singaporean students make it to the award list-the rest of the awards were swept up by students from China.No surprise, said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers-in-charge from Innov
215、a Junior College, which organized the event, Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better because of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese language.One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger
216、Christina Gao, 19, from the Saint Andrews Junior College, who spared no effors in researching for and writing her blog. Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pictures and even podcasts (播客).Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible.Some bloggers out there only se
217、ek to blame the authorities and other bloggers. Said Miss Gao, I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts.47. The competition was organized by_.A. the National University of SingaporeB. Chinese newspaper Lianhe ZaobaoC Innova Junior CollegeD. the Saint Andrews Junior Col
218、lege48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chinese students won most of the awards.B. Not all the themes were about local subjects.C. The blogs could be written in Chinese or Singlish.D. The judges were from universities in Singapore and China.49. What Miss Gao said suggests
219、that _.A. she likes to blame the authorities.B. she has a sense of resposibilityC. she thinks highly of the others blogs.D. she loves to read valuable posts.50. The passage is in mainly about_.A. how Chinese students won the awards in the competitionB. why bloggers should take responsibility for the
220、ir blogsC. how Miss Gao won the first prize in the competitionD. what the result of the competition was【答案】47. C 48. A 49. B 50. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。新加坡一所大学举办了有170人参加中文博客比赛。只有三名本地学生获奖，其他的都是中国学生获奖。虽然话题是关于本地话题，但中国学生的所写的内容和语言表达能力更好。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段No surprise, said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers-in-charg
221、e from Innova Junior College, which organized the event,可知，不意外，Innova Junior College的班主任37岁的周永龙先生说，是Innova Junior College组织了这次比赛。因此，比赛是由Innova Junior College组织的。故选C。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.可知18个奖项中的15个都是中国学生获得的。由此可以看出，中国学生赢得了大部分奖项。故选A。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二
222、段Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible.可知，她对博主的建议是要负责。从她说得话可以判断出，她是有责任感的人。故选B。【50题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Only three local students won Chinese Blog (博客) Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.可知，只有三名本地学生赢了中文博客竞赛。18个奖项中，有15个是中国学生获奖。由此可以看出，短文主要是关于比赛结果。故选D。（6）江苏省清江中学2020-2021学年度第二
223、学期期中考试高一英语试卷阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ALooking for work?Tutors Wanted:Math/Science/Humanities+Test PreparationJOB OVERVIEW:JOB POSTED:2 days agoWAGE:$27-30 per hourJOB TYPE:Part timeSCHEDULE:Afternoons,evenings,weekdays,weekendsJOB DESCRIPTION:Were looking for tutors to join us be
224、fore the next school year starts.Our ideal candidate(候选人）will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in math,science and/or the humanities(人文学科）。Well pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring opportunities(in
225、cluding the chance to teach group classes).Once our fall semester starts on Aug 21,well have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 12 am to 8 pm as well as from 3 pm to 9 pm Monday-Thursday.What we offer:Flexible scheduling.Tutors work from 15 to 30+ hours per week depending on av
226、ailability and student demand.Free Sunday dinners during the academic year.Health insurance reimbursement(医疗保险报销）for staff working over 30 hours per week.We are five minutes walking distance from the Menlo Park Caltrain station.Applicants must:Be able to show mastery of the subjects they tutor.Be wi
227、lling to tutor students through the full academic year.Application instructions:Email us your resume.Let us know your scheduling preferences and potential start date.Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor-Mathematics,Sciences,Humanities, or Foreign Language.1. Which period of time needs
228、 the most tutors during the academic year?A. Weekday mornings.B. Sunday afternoons and evenings.C. Friday afternoons and evenings.D. Saturday and Sunday mornings.2. A tutor who works more than 30 hours per week can enjoy .A. free job training every monthB. free lunches and dinners during the academi
229、c yearC. health insurance reimbursementD. accommodation near Menlo Park Caltrain station3. According to the text, the ideal candidate .A. is good at one or more academic subjectsB. will work every evening throughout the academic yearC. has the opportunity to become a full-time tutorD. must have prev
230、ious tutoring experience【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘辅导老师的招聘广告，文中介绍了薪资、福利和申请说明等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Job Description部分中的“Once our fall semester starts on August 21, well have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 12-8 pm as well as from 3-9 pm Monday-Thursday. （我们的秋季学期在8月21
231、日开始时，学生对辅导课程的需求是很大的，周日从中午12点到晚上8点，周一到周四从下午3点到晚上9点。）”可知，周日下午和晚上最需要辅导老师。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据What we offer部分中的“Health insurance reimbursement for staff working over 30 hours per week.”可知，每周工作超过30小时的家庭教师可以享受医保报销。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Application must部分中的“Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor-Mat
232、hematics, Sciences, Humanities, or Foreign Language. （告诉我们你能辅导哪些科目，例如数学、科学、人文学科或外语。）”可知，理想的应征者应至少擅长一门或多门学科。故选A。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为： (1)信息对应型。 (2) 语言转述型。(3) 语意理解型。(4)是非辨别型。(5 )事实排序
233、型。如第二小题属于信息对应型，根据What we offer部分中的“Health insurance reimbursement for staff working over 30 hours per week.”可知，每周工作超过30小时的家庭教师可以享受医保报销。故选C。BFor some people, higher education is not just a goal in life, but also an expectation. In the United States, if your parents attended a college or university, t
234、here is a good chance that you will, too. Even if your parents did not go to college, you still have a good chance of completing higher education if your family is wealthy.But your chances are reduced if you come from a needy family, a community with limited educational resources or you simply have
235、no one to follow as an example.Helping those in need is one of the main ideas behind a strategy of behavioral science called nudge(轻推）theory or nudging. Nudging is a way of changing peoples behavior through indirect suggestion and by supporting positive actions.A growing number of U.S. colleges and
236、universities look to nudging as way to support poor, minority and first-generation students. They also are using it to increase overall graduation rates. Two common forms of nudging are emails to students and text messages to their mobile phones. Schools and other educational organizations keep in c
237、ontact with students this way, offering advice and help when needed.However, Alejandra Acosta-a higher education policy expert at New America notes that there are several qualities a nudge campaign must possess in order to be successful.Acosta says messages must be timely, meaning they reach college
238、 students well before the date by which a student is required to take action. Additionally, nudges should be written clearly and provide as much information as possible. If students start to struggle in class, school officials should not just message them, saying they should seek academic support. T
239、he message should give information about what kinds of support the college or university offers and exactly how the student can make use of them. That is why nudges should possess interactive qualities, Acosta says. For example, students should be able to ask questions of school officials or be dire
240、cted to a website for more information. In addition, colleges and universities must ensure their support services are in place and working as best they can.When nudges work, they can do a lot of good. In 2018,a nonprofit group launched a nudging campaign at four U.S. community colleges. They worked
241、with nearly 10,000 first-year students at three such colleges in Ohio and one in Virginia. A recent study found that older and minority students who agreed to receive these nudges were 16 to 20 percent more likely to continue into their second year than those who did not.4. Who is most likely to rec
242、eive and complete higher education according to the passage?A. Tony, whose father is the only bread-winner in the family.B. Jimmy, whose mother is a worker in a small factory.C. Betty, whose grandmother is a housemaid of a famous university professor.D. Cathy, whose parents failed to attend college
243、but succeeded in starting a big company.5. What can we know about nudging?A. It is rooted in psychological science.B. It is a way to improve peoples mind.C. It offers useful and direct advice in time.D. It helps students via emails and text messages.6. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The
244、 problem with higher education.B. A way for colleges to support students.C. The popularity of nudging campaign.D. A national campaign dealing with poverty.7. Which of the following messages can be employed by nudging?A. You are supposed to talk to your consultant about your English literature. If no
245、t, you are likely to fail the course. Do it as soon as possible.B. Your performance in English literature is not good. It will be a good idea if you can share your difficulty with your classmates.C. Dr. Smith is a professor in English literature. He is available every Thursday afternoon from 3 pm to
246、 6 pm. Call 210-432-67 to make an appointment.D. Do you need any assistance in English literature? If so, we can make an appointment with Dr. Smith for you. It is free of charge.【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国发起“助推运动”帮助接受高等教育存在困难的人以及“助推运动”要取得成功必须具备的因素。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even if your paren
247、ts did not go to college, you still have a good chance of completing higher education if your family is wealthy.”可知，即使你的父母没有上过大学，如果你的家庭富有，你仍然有很大的机会完成高等教育。结合选项可知，Cathy的父母虽然没有上大学，但是经营着一家大公司，家庭比较富裕，因此Cathy接受并完成高等教育的可能性最大。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Two common forms of nudging are emails to students and tex
248、t messages to their mobile phones.”可知，两种常见的助推形式是发给学生的电子邮件和发给他们手机的短信。由此可知，这种“助推运动”是通过给学生发电子邮件和发手机短信的形式帮助学生的。故选D项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。文章从有些接受高等教育的人存在困难的现象引出“助推运动”这一帮助高校学生的方法，并提出“助推运动”要取得成功，必须具备若干因素。因此文章是介绍高校帮助学生的一个方法，即“助推运动”。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Acosta says messages must be timely, meaning they reach coll
249、ege students well before the date by which a student is required to take action. Additionally, nudges should be written clearly and provide as much information as possible. If students start to struggle in class, school officials should not just message them, saying they should seek academic support
250、. The message should give information about what kinds of support the college or university offers and exactly how the student can make use of them. That is why nudges should possess interactive qualities, Acosta says. For example, students should be able to ask questions of school officials or be d
251、irected to a website for more information. In addition, colleges and universities must ensure their support services are in place and working as best they can.”可知，Acosta说助推运动的消息必须及时，这意味着它们要在要求采取行动的日期之前很早就到达大学生。此外，推文应该写清楚并提供尽可能多的信息。如果学生开始在课堂上遇到困难，学校官员们不仅仅是向他们发送信息，还要告诉他们应该寻求学术支持。该信息还应该提供有关学院或大学提供何种支持以
252、及学生将如何利用它们的确切信息。即“助推运动”应该具有互动性。例如，学生应该能够问学校官员问题或直接到网站获取更多信息。此外，学院和大学必须确保他们的支持服务到位并尽其所能做好服务。由此判断出，C项（Smith博士是英国文学教授，每周四下午3点至6点有空，请致电210-432-67进行预约。）可以通过助推来使用。故选C。CSlowly but surely, were moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected de
253、vices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay, Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U. S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.“5G is one of those signs, along with artificial
254、 intelligence, of this coming data age,” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amou
255、nts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. Its pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施) constr
256、uction. Theres lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed.Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset havent yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This
257、is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist or perhaps even replace smartphones.Ericsson stated at Februarys Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with componen
258、ts, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isnt concentrated only in big cities.8. What d
259、oes the author want to stress in Paragraph 1?A. The lighting-fast speed of 5G.B. The expectation of 5G world.C. The difference between 4G and 5G.D. The internet-connected devices in our life.9. What does the underlined word “emblem” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Exhibition.B. Success.C. Symbol.D. Explanati
260、on.10. We can infer from the text that _.A. 5G world wont come without AR glassesB. 5G helps to create the artificial intelligence vehicleC. Apple company is developing AR glasses worldwideD. Tech companies will face the fact that smartphones may be replaced11. What will the author probably tell us
261、next?A. How to fully expand 5G coverage.B. Smart glasses will become faster and lighter.C. Why 5G isnt concentrated in big cities.D. The importance of infrastructure construction.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是随着科技的不断发展，5G时代即将来临。它最大的优势就是上网速度大大加快。【8题详解】推理判断题。首段先提出5G时代即将来临，接下来介绍5G上网下载的高速度
262、，相比于目前的4G，5G有望达到千兆的上网速度。作者在第一段想强调5G的超级速度。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。划线词后的and that is to say, it is a sign of time（也就是说，这是时间的标志）是对前面的补充说明。由此推知，划线词的意思是“标志，象征”。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist or perhaps even replace smartphones.
263、（这一点值得注意，因为据报道，苹果(Apple)等公司正在开发增强现实眼镜，以帮助甚至取代智能手机）可知，我们可以从文中推断，科技公司将面临智能手机可能被取代的事实。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G
264、isnt concentrated only in big cities.（但是不要太激动。与此同时，仍有很多工作要做，包括各种试验，以确保收音机能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设，这样5G就不会只集中在大城市）可知，作者接下来可能会告诉我们“如何全面扩大5G覆盖。”故选A。DLiving life to its fullestOn the night of August 24, 2001, everything changed when my friends car hit a wall with me inside. I lost most of my right leg, and I was
265、 left bleeding with several broken bones. At the hospital, although my body was weak, my mind was still very clear. I just kept telling myself to hold on. A week later, I made a deal with the doctors that once I could roll onto my side, I could leave. Two weeks later, I was allowed to go home.Althou
266、gh I left the hospital, the fight was far from over. My left knee was badly injured, which resulted in different operations over the next few years.And soon, more of my right leg had to be removed. This made it harder to wear my false leg, so I donated it to a nurse who couldnt afford one for hersel
267、f. The joy of being able to provide this gift for someone else was greater than the happiness I felt on any day I was able to wear it myself.People often tell me theyre proud of me for staying strong. But in my mind, staying strong has always been my only choice. So, on the day I left the hospital,
268、I made a promise to myself to always live life to the fullest. Now, I may not be able to do things the way everybody else does them, but still, I always find a way to do them. I soon settled into everyday life again, until one day I realized I wasnt living my life as fully as I wanted to.After 13 ye
269、ars of thinking that I was confident, I had an unfamiliar feeling sweep over me. For the first time in my life, I was not only confident but I wanted to help those around me.In 2014, I even started modeling. My dream is that one day a little girl will see me in a magazine and say, “Wow, shes beautif
270、ul, and she only has one leg. I could do that too someday, even though I have a disability.” My dream is simple: to inspire every man, woman, and child into knowing and believing that they are beautiful just the way they are.12. How did the author feel after the car accident?A. She complained that l
271、ife was unfair to her.B. She was unable to accept the loss of her leg.C. She kept a positive attitude toward life.D. She felt lucky that she was still alive.13. Why did the author feel happy in Paragraph 3?A. She was able to offer help to others.B. She could wear her false leg again.C. She had lived
272、 her life to the fullest.D. She could do everyday things the same as everybody else.14. Why did the author begin modeling in 2014?A. She wanted to be a famous magazine star.B. She wanted to encourage others to be confident about themselves.C. She wanted to challenge herself to be a speaker.D. She wa
273、nted to prove that disabled people could also succeed.15. What was the authors main purpose in writing the article?A. To stress the importance of having a dream.B. To show how difficult the life is for disabled people.C. To inspire others by sharing her past experiences.D. To give advice to disabled
274、 people on how to make a living.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“我”过去的经历和如何发现自己的梦想的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中But in my mind, staying strong has always been my only choice. So, on the day I left the hospital, I made a promise to myself to always live life to the fullest.可知，作者在经历了车祸之后仍然保持坚强，还向自
275、己许下了一个承诺：要一直过最充实生活，所以作者面对生活仍然保有积极向上的态度，C项正确。A项她抱怨生活待她不公平，文中未提及。B项她不能接受失去了腿，从作者积极的态度中可以看出作者是欣然接受的。D项，她还活着她感到很幸运，文中未提及。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中The joy of being able to provide this gift to someone else was greater than the happiness I felt on any day I was able to wear it myself.可知，对作者而言，能把这份礼物送给别人比她
276、能自己穿戴更幸福，所以作者快乐的原因在于能够帮助别人。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中I was not only confident but I wanted to help those around me.可知，作者不仅自己自信了，她还想把这种自信传递给他人，去帮助别人，使别人也对自己充满信心。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了作者与读者分享她过去与残疾做斗争的经历，以及在这个过程中发现了自己的人生梦想。根据文章最后一段中My dream is that one day a little girl will see me in a magazine可知，
277、作者的梦想是有一天小女孩能够在杂志上看到她，从而激励身有残疾的小女孩。A项强调有一个梦想的重要性”，偏离主题。B项展示生活对于残疾人来说是多么困难”，以偏概全，残疾人的生活固然困难，但这不是文章核心内容。D项，为残疾人提出生存的建议”，为残疾人做表率是作者的快乐，但文章主要强调作者发现自己的梦想，D项表述不符合文章内容。C项（通过分享她的经历来鼓舞其他人）符合文意，故选C。（7）浙江省温州十五校联合体2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AChef Zhang Xuesi lowered the
278、 fire on the stove where he was cooking his Cantonese meal. He added all the necessary foods. He quickly lowered the fire and turned toward a phone camera as hundreds of people watched him online. It ruins the dish if you burn the breadcrumbs, he advised his livestream video watchers.Many people in
279、China are restricted to their homes in the effort to stop the spread of coronavirus. Millions of them are finding a new interest in cooking. People watching television and online cooking shows are learning how to make Chinese and Western foods. They are also pushing up the sale of special cookware o
280、n online markets. Downloads of the top five recipe apps doubled in February, said research company Sensor Tower.Billibilli said it has had more than 580 million views of its cooking videos in the two months since the coronavirus began to spread in China. Another online cooking show producer DayDayCo
281、ok told Reuters its numbers of new users increased 200 percent from January to February. A recipe for bean curd and shrimp received the most watchers.Many new home cooks are young people living in cities. This group is used to eating out or getting food delivery. Now these people are cooking at home
282、. Wu Shuang is a 30-year-old who works and lives in Beijing. She was among those trapped at home in February. She says she spent a lot of time online, learning how to make bread and other foods.Chef Zhang Xuesi explained that many of his online viewers expressed interest in discussing more than just
283、 food. In the past, users were only interested in learning cooking tricks, but now we talk about all kinds of subjects.1. What was Zhang Xuesi doing according to paragraph 1?A. He was learning how to make Cantonese foods.B. He was downloading the top five recipe apps.C. He was pushing up the sale of
284、 special cookware.D. He was making online cooking shows.2. Which of the following is NOT true about Wu Shuang?A. She becomes a new home cook.B. She was trapped at home in February.C. She learned cooking foods online.D. She was interested in discussing food online.3. What is the passage mainly about?
285、A. Many people are restricted to their homes because of coronavirus.B. Many people turn to cooking at home because of coronavirus.C. Many people push up sales on online markets because of coronavirus.D. Many people spend a lot of time online because of coronavirus.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲
286、述了新冠肺炎疫情使很多中国年轻人爱上做饭，很多人通过网上视频在家学习烹饪。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的He quickly lowered the fire and turned toward a phone camera as hundreds of people watched him online.(他迅速关小了火，转向了手机上摄像头，此时，数百人正在在线观看)可知，张学思正在做在线烹饪节目。D. He was making online cooking shows.(他在制作在线烹饪节目)符合以上说法，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的Wu Shuang is a
287、30-year-old who works and lives in Beijing. She was among those trapped at home in February. She says she spent a lot of time online, learning how to make bread and other foods.可知，吴霜30岁，在北京居住和生活。她是二月份被困在家里的人之一。她说她花了很多时间上网，学习如何制作面包和其它食物。D. She was interested in discussing food online.(她对网上讨论食物感兴趣)文章未
288、提及，不符合以上说法，故选D项。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的Many people in China are restricted to their homes in the effort to stop the spread of coronavirus. Millions of them are finding a new interest in cooking. People watching television and online cooking shows are learning how to make Chinese and Western foo
289、ds.(在中国，很多人为了防止冠状病毒的传播而被限制呆在家里。他们中很多人找到了烹饪这种新的乐趣。人们通过观看电视或者网上的烹饪视频学习制作中餐或者西方食物)可知，本文主要讲述了新冠肺炎疫情使很多中国年轻人爱上做饭，很多人通过网上视频在家学习做饭。B. Many people turn to cooking at home because of coronavirus.(由于新冠肺炎很多人在家学习烹饪)符合以上说法，故选B项。BEven as a bush fire threatened the rural Australian community, Gary Wilson and his p
290、artner Julie Willis decided not to flee their wooden house.The two had a home full of baby kangaroos to protect. More than 10 of the baby kangaroos called joeys stayed safe inside fabric pouches (育儿袋) that hung in the couples living room. Each piece of cloth looked like the opening in which mother k
291、angaroos carry their young. Wilson and Willis have taken care of wild animals before. Recently, full-grown kangaroos and other wildlife that had left their care long ago came back to the house in search of protection as the fires grew nearer. We had too many animals in the house and around the house
292、 so we really couldnt go, Wilson said. We decided we were going to stay and fight. Their home is now surrounded by burned land and vehicles.Wilson and Willis defended their home with fire extinguishers (灭火器) and water pumps. Their house also had a special device on top that sprayed water on hot ashe
293、s falling on the roof.Good preparation and good luck helped the building stay safe And the animals have survived. But the fire killed two of Wilsons neighbors. It was a horrible thing. Wilson said.Willis said, Its not until after the fires when it really hits you how close you were to dying. While W
294、ilson and Willis usually care for joeys that are rescued after their mothers are struck by vehicles, they are now welcoming an increasing number of fire orphans.She said, We didnt have children ourselves; this is what we spend our time doing. We think its worthy a worthy cause looking after our babi
295、es no matter what they are. 4. We can learn from the passage that _ .A. Wilson and Willis took care of kangaroos onlyB. Wilson and Willis decided to leave their wooden houseC. Wilson and Willis made pouches for baby kangaroosD. Wilson and Willis had to look after their own babies5. The underlined ph
296、rase fire orphans refer to _.A. firefighters who come to help themB. special devices which help put out the fireC. baby animals whose mothers get killed in the fireD. neighbors whose houses are burnt in the fire6. Where is the text probably from?A. A news report.B. A journal.C. A textbook.D. A guide
297、book.【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述Wilson 和Willis夫妇两冒着危险救助火灾中失去母亲的幼兽的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的More than 10 of the baby kangaroos called joeys stayed safe inside fabric pouches (育儿袋) that hung in the couples living room.(超过10只婴儿袋鼠安全地呆在织物做成的育儿袋里，这些“育儿袋”挂在夫妇两的客厅里)可知，Wilson 和Willis亲手为婴儿袋鼠织育儿袋。C. Wils
298、on and Willis made pouches for baby kangaroos(Wilson 和Willis为婴儿袋鼠制作育儿袋)符合以上说法，故选C项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子While Wilson and Willis usually care for joeys that are rescued after their mothers are struck by vehicles, they are now welcoming an increasing number of fire orphans.可知，虽然Wilson 和Willis通常会照顾那些母
299、亲被车撞后被救下的小袋鼠，但是他们现在迎来了越来越多的火灾幸存者。根据句意可知，划线部分指的是母亲在火灾中被烧死的幼兽。C. baby animals whose mothers get killed in the fire(母亲在火灾中死亡的幼兽)符合以上说法，故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Even as a bush fire threatened the rural Australian community, Gary Wilson and his partner Julie Willis decided not to flee their wooden house.(尽管
300、森林大火威胁着澳大利亚的社区，但Gary Wilson和他的伴侣Julie Willis还是决定不逃离他们的木屋)和下文内容可知，本文主要讲述Wilson 和Willis夫妇两救助火灾中失去母亲的幼兽的故事。由此推测，本文来自一篇新闻报道，第一段是该报道的导语。A. A news report.(一篇新闻报道)符合以上推测，故选A项。CAttending a live musical performance in a huge sports center with lots of supporters of the musician is exciting. Even in a theatre
301、, a skilled performer can provide a great show. Here in the U.S., a very different kind of performance space is gaining in popularity.Singer-songwriter Annalise Emerick is getting ready to play a show. It is something she does most nights in bars, and other small spaces across the country. But tonig
302、ht, the setting is even smaller. Ms. Emerick will play for a few people in Kristina Shulzs home.Ms. Shulz has been holding such performances in her home for about four years. As many as 30 people have attended past shows. The crowd is usually a mix of family, friends and neighbors. But some stranger
303、s might show up, too. The performances are listed on house concert websites. Weve done rock, weve had blues, weve had pop, folk.pretty much anything.anything well have here. she said.House concerts have become an importance part of Annalise Emericks earnings. I can play a bar for 100 dollars, but I
304、can play a house concert and if there are 50 people and they all paying $20 Im having a great night. And theyre all buying CDs. Its amazing. Ms. Emerick says house concert audiences tend to make more supportive fans. They follow her career, buy her new releases, and go to her shows when she is in to
305、wn.Theres just a totally unique experience as opposed to playing like a coffee shop or a bar or something like that where people are usually there, but you dont always know if theyre there for you. Charlie Dahan teaches music management courses. He used to organize shows for artists. Mr. Dahan says
306、house concerts can be financially risky for artists.The downside for the artists is that most house concerts dont pay guarantees. In fact, most house concerts by law are not allowed to charge admission. Most of them can only do a suggested donation. On the other hand, he says house concerts can help
307、 fill an artists performance calendar and build a loyal following.Annalise Emerick says she has played in some homes so often the owners have become close friends. And thats been really nice for her.7. All of the following about the house concerts in Kristina Shulzs home are true EXCEPT _.A. Some st
308、rangers might attend the concerts.B. Many kinds of music have been played in the concerts.C. The performances are listed on house concert websites.D. The concerts have become an important part of her income.8. What does “a totally unique experience” refer to?A. People come just for your music.B. Peo
309、ple come to drink coffee.C. People are paying much for your music.D. People are buying your CDs.9. In Charlie Dahans opinion, house concerts _.A. should charge admissionB. should do more donationsC. bring uncertain incomeD. help artists make friends10. Which of the following is the best title for th
310、e passage?A. The advantages of house concertsB. The popularity of house concertsC. Ways to get royal fans for artistsD. Ways to fill an artists calendar【答案】7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了家庭式音乐会在美国正在变得越来越流行，同时也介绍了一些艺术家对这种形式音乐会的看法。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段的House concerts have become an importanc
311、e part of Annalise Emericks earnings.可知，家庭式音乐会已经成为Annalise Emerick收入中重要的一部分。D. The concerts have become an important part of her income.(这些音乐会已经成为她(Ms. Shulz)收入的重要部分)不符合以上说法，人称不一致，故选D项。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子Theres just a totally unique experience as opposed to playing like a coffee shop or a bar or
312、something like that where people are usually there, but you dont always know if theyre there for you.可知，这和在咖啡厅或者酒吧等地方演奏是完全不同的经历，人们通常在那些地方，但你不知道他们是否是为了你来的。可猜测，划线部分指的是，在家庭式音乐会上，人们是专门为了听你的音乐而来的。A. People come just for your music.(人们专门为了你的音乐而来)符合以上说法，故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的Mr. Dahan says house concert
313、s can be financially risky for artists.( Mr. Dahan说家庭式音乐会对演奏家来说会有经济上的风险)可推测，他认为家庭式音乐会的收入不稳定。C. bring uncertain income(带来不稳定的收入)符合以上说法，故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的Here in the U.S., a very different kind of performance space is gaining in popularity.(在美国，有一种类型非常不同的表演地方受到了人们的欢迎)可知，本文主要讲述了在美国，家庭式的
314、音乐会正在变得越来越流行。B. The popularity of house concerts(家庭式音乐会的流行)符合以上说法，故选B项。（8）云南省陆良县联办高级中学2020-2021学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AWelcome to our school. You can do a lot of things here. Come and join us.TimetableSunday8:30-11:30Personal InventionsYou can see many inventions
315、 by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.Monday19:00-21:00Space and ManDr. Thomas WestIf you want to know more about the universe.Wednesday19:30-21:00Modern MedicineMrs. Lucy GreenWould you like to know medical science?Friday18:30-21:00Computer ScienceMr. Harry Morison from Harvard U
316、niversity(哈佛大学）Learn to use Windows XP.21. You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on _.A. Sunday B. Monday C. Wednesday D. Friday22. You may learn something about an illness called TB from _.A. Dr. West B. Mr. Morison C. Mrs. Green D. Mr. Thomas23. If you want to learn about satellites(卫
317、星), you can go to the class from_.A. 8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday B. 19:00 to 21:00 on MondayC. 19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday D. 18:30 to 21:00 on Friday【答案】21-23ACBBChina will continue to improve its policies and beef up support to speed up commercial use of the 5G network, an official with the countrys t
318、op industry regulator said on Tuesday.Wen Ku, a spokesman for the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said the ministry will continue to support the development of the super-fast fifth-generation wireless technology by telecom carriers and encourage local authorities to come up with mor
319、e support policies.Chen Zhaoxiong, vice-minister of Industry and Technology, said that the development of the 5G network could give rise to massive opportunities in industrial growth and job creation.The ministry will make continuous efforts to promote the use of 1000Mb broadband connections and exp
320、and the coverage of fiber-optical broadband services, he said. Meanwhile, the ministry will upgrade telecom networks and operation systems by the end of November to ensure that mobile phone users nationwide can switch service carriers without changing phone numbers, he said. He explained that it cou
321、ld require substantial (大量的) efforts as it involved the upgrading of operation systems of a total of 1.6 billion users in the country.In the meantime, a “floor-price” will be set for low-income and elderly populations to further promote mobile networks, he said. In order to better protect the rights
322、 of consumers, the number of service packages offered by the telecom carriers will be trimmed（削减）by more than 15 percent this year, according to Wen. Carriers are also required to make public all their service packages and make them all available for the users, he added. “We will step up investigati
323、ons on wrongdoings so that consumers can see their telecom bill plain and clear,” he said.China has expanded the download speed of mobile broadband sixfold compared with five years ago, while the charges for broadband connections and mobile Internet were down by 90 percent, according to the Ministry
324、 of Industry and Information Technology.Chinas digital economy reached a total volume of 31 trillion yuan ($4.5 trillion), or 34.8 percent of its GDP, in 2018, according to the ministry.24.Which of the following best explains “beef up” underlined in Paragraph 1?A.Get. B.Focus. C.Attract. D.Improve.2
325、5.According to Paragraph 4, Chen Zhaoxiongs attitude to the 5G network is_.A. uncaring B.doubtful C.active D.negative26.What can you know about the 5G network from the text?A. Its development could bring more chances in job creation.B. Its charges are higher than former networks.C. It is already wid
326、ely used in commerce.D. Its download speed is sixfold faster than former networks.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Advantages of 5G Network B.Efforts Made for 5G Network C.Concerns for 5G Network D.The Rapid Development of 5G Network【答案】24-27DCABCThe “24 solar terms” (节气) originat
327、ed and was firstly used in China. It was created thousands years ago on the basis of practical needs of agriculture. Ancient Chinese people used it to guide agriculture production, special climate signs and even healthy living tips. Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCOs world cultural h
328、eritage list. Now, it has been brought to life thanks to a creative designer from Southwest Chinas Guizhou province.On the eve of this years Qingming Festival, Shi Changhong released (发布) his version of re-produced and packaged characters for each solar term in the form of “moving art” of gifts. Sin
329、ce their first release onZcoolon March 29, the gifts have won great praise among the general public and quickly flooded social media with millions of hits during the festival period.To maximize publicity, Shi released his work in three forms: video, animation and picture. The background sounds add t
330、o the brilliance.“When I watch the short video, I can strongly feel the Chinese-style elements hidden in them. And it is really cool to liven up Chinese traditional culture in such a unique way.” WeChat user Xiao Feifei said.“It is really a comfort to me to see so many people like my latest work. To
331、 be honest, it would really surprise me if the work does not arouse great interest among Chinese people. The 24 solar items is a deeply rooted concept that covers the essence of Chinese wisdom. However, only a small portion of people know all the names or the correct order of those terms. My intenti
332、on is to increase Chinese peoples self awareness to learn more about our traditional fine culture. Actually, the 24 solar items work is only a part of my whole design program Charm China, which I started over a year ago.” Shi toldChina Daily.28.Which part of the newspaper does the text probably belo
333、ng to?A.Travel. B. Culture. C. Agriculture. D. Education.29. What do you think the underlined word “Zcool” refer to?A.Newspaper. B.Magazine. C. Radio Broadcast. D.Website.30.Which of the following statements is true according to text?A.The background sounds of the work make the video more attractive
334、.B.It really surprised Shi Changhong to see so many people like his latest work.C.Most old people know all the names of the correct order of the 24 solar terms.D.The 24 solar items work designed by Shi Changhong was added to UNESCOs heritage list.31.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce
335、a creative designer.B.To introduce the 24 solar items work.C.To introduce the origin of the 24 solar terms.D.To introduce a design program “Charm China”.【答案】28-31BDABDHow often do you exercise? A new study found that most kids aged 12 to 15 werent getting enough physical activity. The results were b
336、ased on about 800 kids. As part of the study, the kids tracked and reported on their own activity levels, and took physical exams.U. S. fitness guidelines suggest an hour or more of physical activity every day. According to the study, only 1 in 4 U.S. kids get enough physical activity.Its certainly
337、worrying to see that our kids have such a limited amount of physical activity each day, said Dr. Stephen Pont. He is an expert on childrens health.Few kids in the study met the guidelines on physical activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe harder. Overall, about 25% said they go
338、t an hour of that kind of exercise every day. Kids also reported on which activities they did most often outside of school gym class-basketball for boys and running for girls.The study found that fat teenagers were less active than normal-weight girls and boys. Fat girls were slightly less active th
339、an normal-weight girls, but levels were similar among overweight and normal-weight boys. The study also said that the percent of fat children aged 2 to 19 was 17%, or about 12.5 million kids. Theres always room for improvement, said Tala Fakhouri, who was the leader of the study. She also said the r
340、esults provide useful information to help with fitness campaigns such as Lets Move, which was initiated by Michelle Obama in 2010. To inspire kids to eat right and get in shape, Michelle visits schools and holds exercise events. She also calls on schools to offer regular gym classes. The study also
341、found kids who get physical education at school may get better grades.32.What is the result of the new study? A.800 kids dont get enough physical activity.B.Most U.S. kids dont get enough exercise.C.Kids should get physical activity every day.D.Its important to take physical exams.33.Which of the fo
342、llowing sports do girls like best? A.Swimming.B.Basketball. C.Running. D.Gym.34.Whats the purpose of the campaign Lets Move? A.To help kids to keep fit. B.To provide useful information.C.To offer regular gym classes. D.To hold exercise events.35.According to the study children with enough exercise m
343、ay _. A.be less active than fat children B.be more willing to help othersC.do better in their studies D.try their best to get in shape【答案】32-35BCAC（9）浙江省湖州中学、嘉兴一中2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AIn 1945, there was a young boy of 14 in a concentration camp (集中营).
344、He was tall, thin but had a bright smile. Every day, a young girl came by on the other side of the fence. She noticed the boy and asked him if he spoke Polish, and he said yes. She said hed looked hungry, and he said he was. She then reached in her pocket and gave him her apple. He thanked her and s
345、he went on her way. The next day, she came by again, bringing with her another apple which she gave him. Each day, she walked by the outside of the fence, hoping to see him, and when she did, she happily handed him an apple in exchange for conversation.One day, he told her not to come by anymore. He
346、 told her he was being shipped to another concentration camp. As he walked away with tears streaming down his face, he wondered if hed ever see her again. She was the only kind soul hed seen acro ss the fence.He made it out of the concentration camp, and immigrated to America. In 1957, his friends h
347、ad fixed him up on a blind date . He had no idea who the woman was. He picked her up, and during dinner began talking of Poland and the concentration camp. She said she was in Poland at that tim e. She said she used to talk to a boy and gave him apples daily. He asked if this boy was tall, skinny an
348、d if he had told her that she shouldnt come back because he was leaving. She said yes.It was her, the young girl who came by every day to give him apples. After 12 years, after the war and in another country, they had met again. What are the odds? He proposed to her on that very night and told her h
349、ed never again let her go. They are still happily married today.21. Why did the girl give the boy her apples? A. Because the boy asked for it.B. Because the boy was hungry.C. Because both of them were Polish.D. Because the girl wanted to talk with the boy.22. Which of the following word can be used
350、to describe the young girl best? A. Far-sightedB. Simple-mindedC. KindD. Generous23. What is the best title for the passage? A. A special marriageB. An unexpected giftC. A pleasant memoryD. A lovely coincidence【答案】21-23 D C DBWe know its good to learn another language. It opens doors, makes you more
351、 employable, helps you make new friends, and its fun too. But to improve our language skills, many of us have to endure hours of school lessons or evening classes, with our heads buried in textbooks. Its no wonder that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning.T
352、here is certainly a huge demand for language learning, and having a smart phone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever you go. Many app developers are keen to earn money on the demand, and there are numerous learning apps available. Some educational apps offer languages not popular e
353、nough to be taught at evening classes, or at most universities. And others offer “invented” language courses in Esperanto, Elvish and Star Treks Klingon lessons you might not find in a traditional classroom. Whatever you want to learn, apps allow you to go at your own pace and fit learning around ot
354、her commitments. But theyre not perfect you might not get your head round the grammar and will lack the partner support you could get in a classroom environment.So, does technology imply the end of traditional classrooms and teachers? Guy Baron, head of modern languages at Aberystwyth University, th
355、inks not. He thought that apps should be used alongside classroom methods, not to the exclude traditional teaching. And he adds: “The apps are not formal. theyre not designed for degrees, but they could be additional resources.”Certainly, technology is going to help in and outside the classroom. But
356、 attending a real lesson, facing a real teacher, probably forces you to be more devoted. Motivation can be a problem when using an app. But if you have a genuine and practical reason to learn another language, you will no doubt stick with it.24. All the following are the benefits of learning another
357、 language except _.A. saving you more moneyB. giving you much pleasureC. helping you in making new friendsD. making you more competitive in finding jobs25. It can be learned from paragraph 3 that _. A. apps permit you to learn at your own paceB. languages taught on apps are common onesC. you can lea
358、rn any language on educational appsD. you dont need partner support while learning on apps26. According to the author, using an app _. A. can make you stick with itB. shouldnt be considered at allC. fails to make you more devotedD. will offer you a strong motivation【答案】24-26 A A CCWhen you purchase
359、fresh-cut flowers, do you think about where they came from? It might make sense to think they were grown somewhere nearby. The reality, though, is that the cut flower trade is increasingly international. Today, thanks to airplanes and high-tech cooling systems, even the most delicate flower can be e
360、xported, and sold in a florist thousands of kilometers away from where it was grown.The country that dominates the world cut flower trade is the Netherlands. It handles about 60 percent of the worlds cut flowers. The Netherlands is also a world leader in developing new flower varieties. Dutch compan
361、ies and the government invest a considerable amount of money in flower research. Their scientists look for ways to lengthen a flowers vase life, to strengthen flowers to prevent them from being damaged while traveling, and also to strengthen the natural fragrance of the flowers.Despite the Netherlan
362、ds dominance of the flower market, there are many places with a better climate for growing flowers, and the climate of Ecuador is almost perfect. Mauricio Davalos is the man responsible for starting Ecuadors flower industry. “Our biggest edge is nature,” he claims. “Our roses are the best in the wor
363、ld.” Every year, Ecuador sells about 500 million flowers to the U.S. alone. The industry has brought employment op portunities and a stronger economy to regions of the country. “My family has TV now. There are radios,” says Yolanda Quishpe, 20, who picked roses for four years.To others, the increasi
364、ngly international nature of the flower trade is very bad news. In recent years, local growers in the U.S. faced huge competition from international flower companies, and many lost their businesses. Lina Hale, an independent rose grower in California, said her father had predicted the situation. “I
365、see a freight train coming down the track,” he warned her, “and its coming straight towards us.”27. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. Cut flowers can survive a long trip.B. You should buy flowers from local florists.C. Flowers you buy come from far away places.D. Few thinks about where
366、 they buy your flowers.28. Which of the following are mentioned as large investors in flower research?A. Dutch companies and the governmentB. airplane and high-tech cooling companiesC. Ecuadors local flower growers and pickersD. American businessmen and their government 29. The underlined word in pa
367、ragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A. endB. advantageC. challengeD. difference30. What did Lina Hales father mean when he said, “I see a freight train coming down the track and its coming straight toward us.”? A. He could predict a train was soon to arrive.B. He knew his business would be threaten
368、ed.C. He thought customers wouldnt want roses.D. He thought trains were the new way to move flowers.【答案】27-30 C A B B（10）四川省棠湖中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AThe International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year. Youth Exchan
369、ges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeksThese young people are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.Example Youth Exchanges：You
370、th Exchange 1Location：IrelandOther nationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activitiesexploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issuesThe group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of
371、a community and take part in team-building activities.Youth Exchange 2Location：FranceOther nationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，FranceTheme：Organic gardening & continual livingThis project will take place in a natural park，where the group will take part in gardening activities and gamesworkshops about conti
372、nuous developmentYouth Exchange 3Location：MacedoniaOther nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Foster social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activitiesPromote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportuni
373、tiesYouth Exchange 4Location：ItalyOther nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to
374、 raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment1What do you focus on when travelling in France?AGardening work.BCivil rights.CDeveloping social inclusion.DRebuilding communities.2If you are interested in protecting the environment，you can take part in _.AYouth Exchange 1BYouth E
375、xchange 2CYouth Exchange 3DYouth Exchange 43Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?ASpainBItaly.CIreland.DFrance.【答案】1A2D3B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项青年交流项目。1细节理解题。根据文中Theme：Organic gardening & continual living.可知，法国旅游主要集中在园艺方面。故选A。2细节理解题。根据文中Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that
376、 intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. 可知，Youth Exercise 4是关于环保的。故选D。3细节理解题。文中四则消息中，三则都包括意大利，故判断意大利最流行。故选B。BIn 1977, a University of Oxford statistician named Richard Peto pointed out a simple yet puzzling biolog
377、ical fact: we humans should have a lot more cancer than mice, but we dont.Dr. Petos argument was simple. Every time a cell divides, theres a small chance it will gain a mutation(突变) that speeds up its growth. Cells that accumulate (聚集) several of these mutations may become cancerous. The bigger an a
378、nimal is, the more cells it has, and the longer an animal lives, the more times its cells divide. We humans undergo (经历) about 10,000 times as many cell divisions as miceand thus should be far more likely to get cancer.A number of scientists have assumed that large, long-lived animals must have evol
379、ved extra cancer-fighting weapons. Otherwise, these species would die out.Dr. Joshua DSchiffman, an oncologist (肿瘤学家）at the Huntsman Cancer Institute, reviewed zoo records on the deaths of 644 elephants and found that less than 5 percent died of cancer. By contrast, 11 percent to 25 percent of human
380、s die of cancer.To understand the elephants defenses, the scientists investigated a gene that is vital to preventing cancer called p53. The protein encoded by the gene monitors cells for damage to the DNA they contain. Dr. Schiffman and his colleagues found that elephants have evolved new copies of
381、the p53 gene. While humans have only one pair of p53 genes, the scientists identified 20 pairs in elephants.To see whether these extra copies of p53 made a difference in fighting cancer, they ran experiments on elephant cells. They treated elephant cells with damaging radiation, chemicals and UV lig
382、ht.“In all cases, instead of trying to repair the damage, the elephant cells simply committed suicide” said Dr. Schiffman. He said he thought the way the elephant cells responded was a very effective way to block cancer.Patricia Muller, an oncologist at the MRC Toxicology Unit at the University of L
383、eicester, who was not involved in the studies, said the results, though convincing, didnt firmly establish exactly how elephants use p53 to fight cancer. One possibility is that the extra copies dont actually cause cells to commit suicide. Instead, they may act as decoys (诱饵) for enzymes (酶) that de
384、stroy p53 proteins.Dr. Muller said it was especially important to understand precisely how elephants fight cancer before trying to copy their strategies with drugs for humans.4What does the 2nd paragraph want to tell us?AHuman should be more likely to develop cancer than mice.BCell division can incr
385、ease the speed of growth of mutations.CThe bigger an animal is, the smaller chance of getting cancer it has.DDr. Petos argument was not simple.5According to the passage, p53 is _.Aa protein to prevent cancerBa gene to defend against cancerCa protein to destroy damaged cellsDa gene to change cells6Wh
386、at does Dr. Schiffman say about the extra copies of p53 fighting cancer?AThey cause the cells to repair the genes.BThey stop cells from dividing further.CThey act as decoys for enzymes that destroy p53 proteins.DThey cause the cells to commit suicide.7Which of the following is TRUE?ADr. Schiffman po
387、inted out that we humans dont have more cancer than mice.BThe cancer death rate of humans is five percent higher than that of elephants.CThe scientists found there are 20 pairs of p53 genes in elephants.DDr. Muller also took part in the studies.【答案】4A5B6D7C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，动物越大，患癌地可能性就越大，但是长寿的大
388、型动物很多，本文以大象为研究对象，研究出大象身上有一种对预防癌症至关重要的基因p53，但并不能确切地确定大象是如何利用p53来对抗癌症的，人类能否使用p53来抗癌还需进一步研究。4主旨大意题。由第二段的句子“We humans undergo (经历) about 10,000 times as many cell divisions as miceand thus should be far more likely to get cancer.”可知，我们人类经历的细胞分裂次数是老鼠的10000倍，因此患癌症的可能性要大得多。所以第二段想告诉我们人类比老鼠更容易患癌症。故选A项。5细节理解题
389、。由第五段的句子“To understand the elephants defenses, the scientists investigated a gene that is vital to preventing cancer called p53.”可知，为了了解大象的防御能力，科学家们研究了一种对预防癌症至关重要的基因p53。所以p53是抵抗癌症的基因。故选B项。6细节理解题。由题干extra copies of p53定位到第六、七段。第六段讲对大象额外的p53基因做实验；由第七段的句子“In all cases, instead of trying to repair the d
390、amage, the elephant cells simply committed suicide”可知，在所有情况下，大象额外的p53基因细胞并没有试图修复损伤，而是自杀了。故选D项。7细节理解题。由第五段的最后一句“While humans have only one pair of p53 genes, the scientists identified 20 pairs in elephants.”可知，虽然人类只有一对p53基因，但科学家在大象身上发现了20对。故选C项。CBusinesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has i
391、n turn produced influence on consumers, desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are
392、now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally respons
393、ible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes: “I understand this situation where survival is very imp
394、ortant now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking we dont have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rule
395、s next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able t
396、o relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which m
397、akes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.8Whats the main idea of the passage?ABusinesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.BCompanies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.CFirms are making efforts to encourage customer
398、s to keep goods at home.DFirms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers, environmental awareness.9The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.AaffectBchangeCdisturbDreject10According to Harry Morrison, businesses .Awill benefit from cutting carbon emissionsBshould buy carbon
399、allowances for shoppersCare required to make up for their carbon emissionsDhave encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere11We can learn from the passage that businesses will .Ahave a strong desire to reduce costsBuse the same logo in their marketingCgain advantages by taking early actionDat
400、tract more shoppers by storing goods【答案】8D9A10A11C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于消费者环保意识的增强，各公司不得不下大力气减少碳的排放量。8主旨大意题。通读全文及第一段Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers, desire to go green.(企业正经历一个艰难的时期，这反过来又对消费者产生了影响，促使他们渴望环保)和第二段中的Two out of three peopl
401、e think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough.(三分之二的人认为从对环境负责的公司购买产品很重要，约七分之一的人表示，如果他们觉得某家公司的环境声誉不够好，他们甚至决定到其他地方去
402、购买)可知，文章主要介绍了消费者和环保意识正敦促企业减少碳排放。故选D。9词义猜测题。根据该词所在句后面的内容while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.(而超过四分之一的人表示，他们现在甚至更加清楚环境对他们所购买产品的影响)可知，Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the sa
403、me degree as they did a year ago意为“三分之二的消费者表示，环境因素对他们购物的影响与一年前相同”。由此可知，划线词与选项中的effect意思相同。故选A。10推理判断题。根据第四段Harry Morrison所说的一番话，特别是最后一句In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.(此外，随着成本下降，降低碳排放会产生立竿见影的效果，对品牌来说也是中期效益)可推断，企业将从减少碳排放中获益。故选A
404、11细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Those that have taken early action will have a head start.(那些及早采取行动的企业将占得先机)可知，那些通过早期行动的企业将获得优势。故选C。DThis could be the perfect gift for the partner, who embarrasses you on the dance floor. Smart socks, which can teach to dance, may be the answer for anyone with two left feet.The sock
405、s have been developed as a running tool to help runners improve their skills. Thanks to the socks, users can accurately record not only how far and fast they run but also how well. It means the user maximizes their performance, and reduces damage to body and prevents hurt. The hi-tech socks are made
406、 of special fibers that watch the movements of your feet. They look, feel and can be washed like normal clothes.Sensors (传感器) record each movement and send it by an ankle transmitter (脚踝发射器) to a smart phone. Then a “virtual coach” application shows the information and can tell the user what they ar
407、e doing wrong, and help to improve skill in any task with feet.The socks should be useful to athletes and weekend joggers. “People think running is so easy and of course everybody can do it but not necessarily safely and well,” Dr. Davide Vigano said. A recent study showed that between 60 and 80 per
408、cent of runners got hurt per year. This is pretty much more than any other human activity. Researchers say the technology can also be developed to teach people how to dance, play sports such as golf, or even to help to teach women to walk better in high heels.Mr. Vigano said, “People could all benef
409、it from the idea. We have had interest from all sorts of sports, like skiing, football, cycling and golf. Anything where you have to use your feet can use it. It could even be put in high heels to help women walk in them safely.”Socks are just the start, and the technology could be used in gloves, h
410、ats and boots. The socks, anklet and software package, are expected to be sold for around120, which will go on sale in March.12What does the underlined part “anyone with two left feet” refer to?APeople who are disabled.BPeople who are interested in dancing.CPeople who are not good at dancing.DPeople
411、 who invented the socks.13Whats special about fibers that the socks are made of?AThey feel much softer than normal clothes.BThey can monitor the movement of feet.CThey are expensive to produce.DThey act as a smart phone for users.14Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the socks?AThey can im
412、prove the skill of running.BThey can help women walk better in high heels.CThey can teach people to dance well.DThey can be worn for days without washing.15According to Dr. Vigano, _.Aeveryone can make good use of the smart socksBusers can run as fast as they like with the socksC60 to 80 percent of
413、runners would like to buy the smart socksDno runners will get hurt, thanks to the socks【答案】12C13B14D15A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种即将上市的高科技袜子，它可以帮助人们跳舞、走路、跑步等各种体育活动。12词义猜测题。根据划线部分前的This could be the perfect gift for the partner, who embarrasses you on the dance floor.可知，这可能是送给在舞池里让你尴尬的舞伴的完美礼物。由此可知，划线部分
414、指的是“不擅长跳舞的人”。故选C。13细节理解题。根据第二段中的The hi-tech socks are made of special fibers that watch the movements of your feet.可知，这种高科技的袜子是由特殊纤维制成的，可以观察你的脚的运动。由此可知，制成这种袜子的原料纤维能够监控你的脚步移动。故选B。14细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这种袜子可以帮助运动员和跑者避免受伤、教人们跳舞以及教穿高跟鞋的女性走路，并没有提到这种袜子可以穿很多天都不用洗。故选D。15细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的People could all benefit f
415、rom the idea. We have had interest from all sorts of sports, like skiing, football, cycling and golf. Anything where you have to use your feet can use it.可知，人们都可以从这个想法中受益。我们对各种运动都有兴趣，比如滑雪、足球、自行车和高尔夫球。任何需要用到脚的地方都可以用。由此可知，Vigano博士认为每个人都可以充分利用这款智能袜子。故选A。（11）重庆外国语学校2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题AOf all the Amer
416、ican blockbusters, some popular movies are rolled out for the teenagers. With the preparation of popcorns, you can choose one of them for your teen to watch with you or their friends.1. Dead Poets SocietyAn English teacher, called Mr. Keating, guides his students, who hope to be lawyers and doctors,
417、 to poetry and free-thinking. With each student coping with some issues, he urged them to set up Dead Poets Society for reading and writing poems.2. The Hunger GamesBased on a book by Suzanne Collins, the story set in Panem, a destroyed country in North America. Each year, boys and girls, coming fro
418、m 12 districts of Panem, take part in Hunger Games. Broadcast alive, this competition is exciting because all the participants play the games against death.3. The Breakfast ClubIt begins with five students at the Shermer High School, Claire, a princess, John, a criminal, Andrew, an athlete, Brian, a
419、 bookworm and Allison, an unfortunate person, who are forced to spend 9 hours together on a Saturday. In spite of their differences, they find that their social problems are more similar than they think.4. Eighth GradeKayla is a shy, socially anxious girl trying to get by the last few weeks of middl
420、e school. She earns the “most quiet” girl title in school, but at home, she posts online self-help and motivational videos that not many people watch. Kayla is raised by her single father Mark, who tries to disconnect Kayla from the social media.21Who helps teenagers form a Dead Poets Society?AMr. B
421、rain.BMr. Keating.CSuzanne Collins.DMs. Claire.22Which film is adapted from a book according to the passage?AEighth Grade.BDead Poets Society.CThe Hunger Games.DThe Breakfast Club.23Whom is the passage most likely to be targeted at?ATeachers.BTeens.CFriends.DParents.【答案】21B22C23D【解析】【分析】这是一则广告。广告为父母
422、推荐了四部适合青少年看的电影。21细节理解题。根据1. Dead Poets Society中的An English teacher, called Mr. Keating, guides his students, who hope to be lawyers and doctors, to poetry and free-thinking. With each student coping with some issues, he urged them to set up Dead Poets Society for reading and writing poems.可知，一位名叫Kea
423、ting的英语老师，引导着他那些希望成为律师和医生的学生学习诗歌和自由思考。在每个学生都要处理一些问题的情况下，他敦促他们成立Dead Poets Society来阅读和写诗。由此可知，Mr. Keating帮助青少年成立了Dead Poets Society。故选B。22细节理解题。根据2. The Hunger Games中的Based on a book by Suzanne Collins, the story set in Panem, a destroyed country in North America.可知，根据苏珊娜柯林斯的一本书改编，故事发生在北美一个被摧毁的国家Pane
424、m。由此可知，电影The Hunger Games改编自一本书。故选C。23推理判断题。根据第一段Of all the American blockbusters, some popular movies are rolled out for the teenagers. With the preparation of popcorns, you can choose one of them for your teen to watch with you or their friends.可知，在所有的美国大片中，一些受欢迎的电影是为青少年推出的。在准备爆米花的过程中，你可以选择其中一种让你的
425、孩子和你或者他们的朋友一起观看。由此推知，这篇文章最可能是写给父母看的。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer, suggest, imply, conclude, indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题根据第一段Of all the American blockbusters, some popular mov
426、ies are rolled out for the teenagers. With the preparation of popcorns, you can choose one of them for your teen to watch with you or their friends.可知，在所有的美国大片中，一些受欢迎的电影是为青少年推出的。在准备爆米花的过程中，你可以选择其中一种让你的孩子和你或者他们的朋友一起观看。由此推知，这篇文章最可能是写给父母看的。故选D。BUpon first look, the world of business is no place for you
427、ng women. And many people have told my cofounders and me that in many circumstances. Pessimistic though people are about womens chances in conducting business, three of us female college students, without any experiences, started our business with a greatly aggressive goal: to set up a seaweed farm
428、in North Carolina and grow as much seaweed as possible to help cut down carbon emissions (排放) and pollution filled with nutrition from agricultural activities.In the beginning, our ideas were either ignored or mocked by the researchers from whom we sought help and advice. But we carried on with our
429、researchif others wouldnt provide us with answers, we werent afraid to try to work them out by ourselves. We experiment on species which could grow in warmer waters, and we had identified potential markets into which we planned to sell the product. Weve spent the last two years setting up the first
430、seaweed farm in NC, applying for a patent (专利) and competing with five final teams in front of the United Nations for 2 million.Despite all of our efforts, many industry experts remained unwilling to take us seriously. But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for we
431、re, in reality, our biggest competitive advantage. Our age gave us the strength to learn from failure, and our background as environmental scientists, rather than businesswomen, helped us find new marketing opportunities. For every 10 farmers who claimed nobody would ever want to feed their cows sea
432、weed, we found one who was interested. For every 15 cosmetics producers who refused to answer our cold calls, we stuck to the one with an interesting idea for a seaweed lotion.Over the course of our early business development efforts, we have had access to a wealth of resources, programs, and indivi
433、duals who work constantly to help us succeed. By staying focused on bringing our ideas to light, our team has demonstrated that entrepreneurship (创业) is exactly the right place for the hopeful.24What was the major cause for their difficulty in starting business?AThey were women.BThey were young.CThe
434、y lacked experience.DThey suffered prejudice.25What did they do to make their business successful?AThey expanded their seaweed farms.BThey experimented on seaweed species.CThey got their product officially recognized.DThey consulted the United Nations.26What is the third paragraph mainly about?AHow
435、they got others interested in seaweed.BHow they succeeded from their so-called weaknesses.CHow they made themselves more competitive.DHow they approached potential customers.27Which of the following can best describe the three women?AInnocent and simple-minded.BAmbitious and self-centered.CAdventuro
436、us and persistent.DCourageous and stubborn.【答案】24D25B26B27C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是三个女性尽管遭受性别的偏见，但她们敢于冒险和坚持不懈，最终获得成功的故事。24细节理解题。根据第一段中Upon first look, the world of business is no place for young women. And many people have told my cofounders and me that in many circumstances.可知，乍一看，商界并不适合年轻女性。很多人在很多情况
437、下告诉我和我的合伙人。由此可知，她们创业困难的主要原因是“她们遭受偏见。”故选D。25细节理解题。根据第一段中to set up a seaweed farm in North Carolina and grow as much seaweed as possible to help cut down carbon emissions (排放) and pollution filled with nutrition from agricultural activities.可知，在北卡罗来纳州建立一个海藻农场，种植尽可能多的海藻，以帮助减少碳排放和农业活动带来的营养污染。由此可知，她们为了使她
438、们的生意成功她们对海藻进行了实验。故选B。26主旨大意题。根据第三段中Despite all of our efforts, many industry experts remained unwilling to take us seriously. But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for were, in reality, our biggest competitive advantage.可知，尽管我们做了很多努力，许多行业专家仍然不愿意认真对待我们。但就像商业中经常发生的
439、那样，我们被忽视的那些特征，实际上是我们最大的竞争优势。由此可知，第三段讲述的是“她们是如何从所谓的弱点中获得成功的。”故选B。27推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其是第三段中Despite all of our efforts, many industry experts remained unwilling to take us seriously. But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for were, in reality, our biggest competitive adva
440、ntage. Our age gave us the strength to learn from failure, and our background as environmental scientists, rather than businesswomen, helped us find new marketing opportunities.可知，尽管我们做了很多努力，许多行业专家仍然不愿意认真对待我们。但就像商业中经常发生的那样，我们被忽视的那些特征，实际上是我们最大的竞争优势。我们的时代赋予我们从失败中学习的力量，我们作为环境科学家的背景，而不是商人的背景，帮助我们找到了新的营销
441、机会。由此推知，这三个女性最好的描述是“冒险和坚持”。故选C。【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第2小题，根据第一段中to set up a seaweed farm in North Carolina and grow as much seaweed as possible to
442、 help cut down carbon emissions (排放) and pollution filled with nutrition from agricultural activities.可知，在北卡罗来纳州建立一个海藻农场，种植尽可能多的海藻，以帮助减少碳排放和农业活动带来的营养污染。由此可知，她们为了使她们的生意成功她们对海藻进行了实验。故选B。CAs the school year barely starts in Denver, French teacher Melanie is filled with worry that her students are alway
443、s absent-minded. Yet, the problem isnt messaging, enjoying video games or delivering notes. Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.“Today was a little bit hot, so I noticed kids were very sleepy and they were having to get up to drink water quite often.” said Melanie, who
444、 works at Denvers East High School. “If you lose too much water, and you have to keep going to the water fountain, that can take away from their classroom experience.” While nodding off in class on a warm day may seem acceptable for the average teen, Melanies observation carries a bigger consequence
445、 than dry lips.“There have been quite a few media reports about teachers noticing that students werent able to focus on hotter days,” said R Jisung Park, a researcher, “Does a hotter climate during the school year actually affect the rate of learning?” The drops in academic achievement couldnt be ex
446、plained by hotter weekends or hotter summers, but the trend was connected to higher temperatures on school days alone.The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives and its an alarm bell for what we stand
447、 to lose in the future. Humans still have time to lessen the worst consequences of continued global warming. Without the unlikely important changes in the next 10 years, the globe will be trapped in an unavoidable era of heat waves that were unprecedented (前所未有的) for human beings.28What may cause st
448、udents absent-minded according to the text?AVideo games.BText messages.CHeat waves.DClassroom notes.29What can be inferred from the second paragraph?AKids often go to the water fountain for lack of water.BExtreme heat may lower a kids ability to learn.CNodding off in class is a sign of respecting te
449、achers.DKids are more interested in drinking water than sleeping.30How does the author feel about dealing with the future global warming?AOptimistic.BUncertain.CWorried.DIndifferent.31What does the text mainly talk about?AThe way that global warming continues.BThe reasons why kids are absent-minded
450、in class.CThe hotter it grows, the more focused kids become.DThe hotter it grows, the harder it will be for kids to learn.【答案】28C29B30C31D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是“热天气”对学习的影响。天气越热，孩子们就越难学习。28细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.可知，令人惊讶的是，问题出在Denver持续的热浪上。由此可
451、知，Heat waves可能导致学生心不在焉。故选C。29推理判断题。根据第二段中“If you lose too much water, and you have to keep going to the water fountain, that can take away from their classroom experience.” While nodding off in class on a warm day may seem acceptable for the average teen, Melanies observation carries a bigger conseq
452、uence than dry lips.可知，“如果你失去了太多的水，你不得不持续喝水，这可能会让他们不能上课。”对于一般的青少年来说，在温暖的天气里在课堂上打瞌睡似乎是可以接受的，但梅兰妮的观察比嘴唇干燥更重要。由此可知，酷暑可能会降低孩子的学习能力。故选B。30推理判断题。根据最后一段中Humans still have time to lessen the worst consequences of continued global warming. Without the unlikely important changes in the next 10 years, the glob
453、e will be trapped in an unavoidable era of heat waves that were unprecedented (前所未有的) for human beings.可知，人类仍有时间减轻持续的全球变暖带来的最坏后果。如果未来10年没有这些不太可能发生的重大变化，全球将陷入一个不可避免的热浪时代，这对人类来说是前所未有的。由此可知，作者对地球的变暖很“担忧”。故选C。31主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.(令人惊讶的是，问题出在D
454、enver持续的热浪上)和最后一段第一句The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives and its an alarm bell for what we stand to lose in the future.(失去的学习机会和更多的炎热天气之间的联系是气候变化如何影响我们生活的又一个例子它为我们在未来可能失去的东西敲响了警钟)可知，天气越热，孩子们就越难学
455、习。故选D。DFor an old person, his brain may perform not so well as before. But a new study suggests that some parts of brain may already decline in young adulthood.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions including measur
456、es of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving started to dull as early as age 27. Meanwhile, the decline of memory generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a persons accumulated knowledge like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge kept i
457、mproving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most peoples minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse. “According
458、to these patterns, some kinds of flexibility in the brain decline relatively early in adulthood, but throughout adulthood the knowledge pool in ones command and the effective combination with ones capabilities may be on the increase without the attack of diseases.” Salthouse said in a news conferenc
459、e.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at first and at some point over the next seven years.The tests are designed to detect subtle (细微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stori
460、es, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found that certain aspects of cognition (认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings explain normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in unders
461、tanding the process of dementia (痴呆), according to the researchers. “By following individuals over time,” Salthouse said, “we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants health and lifes
462、tyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.32According to the text, what is the common view of mental function?AIt varies from person to person.BIt weakens in ones later years.CIt gradually expands with age.DIt indicates ones health condition.33What does Timothy Salthous
463、e say about peoples minds in most cases?AThey tend to decline in peoples later years.BTheir flexibility determines ones abilities.CThey function quite well even in old age.DTheir functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.34Although peoples minds may function less flexibly as they age, what is their
464、 strength?AThey may be better at solving puzzles.BThey can memorize things with more ease.CThey may have greater facility in abstract reasoning.DThey can put what they have learned into more effective use.35According to Salthouse, how may their study help us?AIt will find ways to stop mental functio
465、ns dulling fast.BIt will find ways to improve our memories.CIt will help us understand the complex process of mental functioning.DIt will help us understand the relation between physical and mental health.【答案】32B33C34D35A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。对于老年人来说，他的大脑可能没有以前那么好了。但一项新的研究表明，大脑的某些部分可能在成年早期就已经衰退了。按照Salthou
466、se所说，他们的研究将找到阻止大脑功能快速迟钝的方法。32推理判断题。根据最后一段中In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found that certain aspects of cognition generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings explain normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia
467、, according to the researchers.可知，总的来说，Salthouse和他的同事们发现，某些方面的认知能力在20多岁到30多岁时开始下降。研究人员称，这些发现解释了与年龄有关的正常心理功能变化，这可能有助于理解痴呆症的发病过程。由此可知，对心理功能的一般看法是“它在人的晚年减弱。”故选B。33细节理解题。根据第四段中Most peoples minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.可知，研究人员Timothy
468、Salthouse称，大多数人即使到了晚年，大脑仍会保持高度运转。由此可知，Timothy Salthouse认为即使到了老年，大脑的功能也很好。故选C。34推理判断题。根据第四段中According to these patterns, some kinds of flexibility in the brain decline relatively early in adulthood, but throughout adulthood the knowledge pool in ones command and the effective combination with ones ca
469、pabilities may be on the increase without the attack of diseases.可知，根据这些模式，大脑的某些灵活性在成年期相对较早地衰退，但在整个成年期，一个人掌握的知识库以及与个人能力的有效结合可能在不受疾病侵袭的情况下不断增加。由此可知，尽管随着年龄的增长，人们的思维可能不那么灵活，但他们的长处是“他们可以把所学到的知识更有效地运用起来。”故选D。35推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.可知，我们可以洞察认知变化，或许还能找到减缓衰退的方法。由此可知，按着Salthouse所说，他们的研究将找到阻止大脑功能快速迟钝的方法。故选A。
