1、 experience n.C经历U经验(教材P1)Learning about other countries and their cultures is a rewarding experience.了解其他国家及其文化是一个很有价值的经历。In my experience，very intelligent people can still make terrible mistakes.依我的经验来看，绝顶聪明的人照样会犯严重的错误。As you go through this book，you will find that each of the millions of people w
2、ho lived through World War had a different experience.当你读这本书时，你就会发现那些经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历。have experience of/in/with在方面有经验gain/get experience 获得经验experience v. 经历；体验；体会到experienced adj. 有经验的；有阅历的；熟练的He is experienced in operating this kind of machine.他在操作这种机器方面很有经验。At his house，I experienced
3、 Chinese hospitality at first hand.在他家里我亲身体验了中国人的热情好客。完成句子哪怕是个有经验的登山者也会陷入困境。Even an _ climber will get into trouble.我有金融和财会经验。I _ finance and accountancy.我们要认真吸取处理这个问题的经验。We will make efforts to _ in handling this problem.【答案】experiencedhave experience ingain experience second(only)to(仅)次于(教材P2)Cana
4、da is one of the largest countries in the world，second only to Russia，and has always been famous for its fantastic natural scenery.加拿大是世界上国土面积最大的国家之一，仅次于俄罗斯，素来以其绮丽的自然风光闻名。In terms of scoring goals，he is second only to Yao Ming.就进球来说，他仅次于姚明。Our city is second only to Nanjing in size in our province.我
5、们市是仅次于南京的全省第二大城市。second to none最好的；首屈一指的；不亚于任何人的have second thoughts 改变主意；产生怀疑on second thought(s) 又一想；再一想We provide a service that is second to none.我们提供最好的服务。完成句子业余生活中，我除了酷爱踢足球之外，其次就是下棋。Playing chess is _ playing football in my spare time.句型转换Nobody is a better dancer than he is.As a dancer，he is
6、_ .She has changed her mind about the plan.She has _ about the plan.【答案】second only tosecond to nonehad second thoughts (教材P2)Within this huge country，there are frozen wastes，vast mountain ranges，huge open fields，countless rivers and endless forests.在这片广袤的国土上有冰封的荒原、绵延的山脉、辽阔的原野、无数的河流，以及无边无际的森林。(1)was
7、te n.荒原(用复数)浪费，滥用(常与of连用)；废物Seldom has anyone been to the frozen wastes of Siberia.很少有人去过西伯利亚的冻土荒原。Its a waste of time to think about that.考虑那事很浪费时间。Why do you waste money on clothes you dont need?为什么浪费钱买你不需要的衣服呢？The waste products should be sorted out.这些废品应该被分类。waste adj.废弃的，荒芜的waste v. 浪费，滥用waste
8、.on sth./(in) doing sth.浪费在某事上/做某事waste/rubbish都是不可数名词，都指“不能用的东西”waste意为“废物”rubbish意为“垃圾”Waste must be prevented from running into rivers.必须防止废物流入河里。Pick up the rubbish and burn it.把垃圾捡起来并烧掉。选词填空(waste，rubbish)Some people just dump their _ in the river.They are turning _ land into paddy fields.【答案】r
9、ubbishwaste(2)range n排；连续；山脉；(变化等的)幅度；(知识等的)范围；区域；射程v.排列，使排队；(动植物)分布；(在一定范围内)变化，变动；(范围)涉及Between Italy and France，there is a mountain range called the Alps.在意大利和法国之间有一列山脉叫阿尔卑斯山脉。The ages of the students range from 15 to 18 years old in our class.我们班学生的年龄从15岁到18岁不等。range from.to.在范围内变化range.in rows 把
10、排成排a high mountain range 一列高的山脉in/within range (of sth.) 在射程以内；在范围内beyond/out of range(of sth.)在射程以外；在范围外a wide range of 许多各种不同的Cups and plates were neatly ranged on her shelves.杯子和盘子整齐地排列在她的架子上。By now the ship was within range of enemy radar.该船现已进入敌人雷达的范围内。To answer these questions，Brooks surveys a
11、 wide range of disciplines.为了回答这些问题，布鲁克斯调查了许多各种不同的学科。完成句子那是一个气温变化很大的地方。That is a place _ of temperature.夏天，每升啤酒的价格从50美分到4美元不等。The price of beer _ 50 cents_ D|S4 per liter during the summer season.【答案】with a wide rangeranges from；to abundant adj.丰富的(教材P2)There are many wild animals in the forests and
12、 on the freezing lands in the north，and fish are abundant in the seas and rivers.在森林里、在北方的冰封之地有着许多野生动物，海洋和河流中有着大量的鱼类。abundance n. 丰富；充裕在方面很丰富/充裕in abundance 大量的；丰富的The country is abundant in fresh water.这个国家淡水资源丰富。Fruit and vegetables grow in abundance on the island.该岛盛产水果和蔬菜。用abundant的适当形式填空The _ o
13、f knowledge is the biggest wealth.This county produces _ quantities of tea.【答案】abundanceabundant (教材P2)For those who love natural recreation，it is possible to walk，sail or crosscountry ski for hoursor even dayswithout meeting another person.对于热爱户外活动的人来说，在远足、帆船运动或越野滑雪旅游中，他们可能好几个小时甚至好几天都碰不到一个人。【要点提炼】i
14、t is possible/impossible (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事是有可能的/不可能的。(2019全国卷)For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.对希尔来说，在讨论时尚时就可能把中国作为最重要的参与者来谈论。It is possible to finish the work in two hours.在两小时内完成这项工作是可能的。possible/probable/likelypossible可能性最小
15、，指客观上有可能，往往含有“希望很小”的意味。不用人作主语。probable可能性最大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。同样不用人作主语。likely表示外表迹象表明的有可能。这三个词中，只有likely可以用人作主语。It is possible，though not probable，that he will come tomorrow.他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。It is possible for me to do it.我可能做那件事。He is likely to come.It is likely that he will come.他可能会来。用上述词语填空Its_，though
16、not_，that he will accept these terms.Human infection with flu viruses from pigs is most _ to occur when people are in close proximity(接近)to infected pigs.【答案】possible；probablelikely (教材P2)Canadians，especially wildlife photographers and hunters，are quite fond of the wilderness，and you will be too.加拿大
17、人非常喜欢这片荒原，特别是野生生物摄影师和猎人，相信你也会喜欢。(1)especially adv.尤其，特别地His two sons are very tall，especially the young one.他的两个儿子都很高，尤其是小儿子。Noise is unpleasant，especially when youre trying to sleep.噪音真讨厌，尤其是当你要入睡的时候。especially/specially相同点不同点它们都可作“特意地”、“格外地”、“特别地”、“很”、“非常”表达事情不寻常，过分或特别重要。especially常常作“尤其是”、“特别是”解，
18、引出同位语或强调主语、宾语、状语(包括状语从句)等，表示程度或起补充说明作用。强调主语，放在主语之后。specially意为“专门地”、“特别地”，表示为一特殊的目的。我非常遗憾你不喜欢这条裙子，特别是因为他专门为你买的。Im sorry you dont like the skirt，_ because he bought it _ for you.【答案】especially；specially(2)be fond of喜爱He was fond of drawing when he was a child.他还是个孩子时就喜欢画画。Over the years，I have grown
19、quite fond of her.经过这么多年，我已相当喜欢她了。【提示】(1)fond作“喜欢的，喜爱的”讲时，在句中多用作表语，常与of连用，后接名词、代词或动名词，接动名词间或可指不良习惯，不与动词不定式连用。(2)fond常用于肯定句中，可用very等副词修饰，以加强语气，但前面不可用much或very much修饰。Some people are fond _ light music.Sheila is very fond of _ (tell)other people what to do.【答案】oftelling for short简称；缩略(教材P2)In the hear
20、t of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，which is often called the CN Tower for short.在多伦多市中心是加拿大国家电视塔，通常被简称为CN塔。Her name is Elizabeth，or Liz for short.她叫伊丽莎白，也可以简称为莉兹。be short for 的缩写be short of 缺少；缺乏；短缺in short 总之；简而言之Im afraid Im a little short of money this month.我怕这个月有点缺钱。Few people like his
21、 novels.In short，they are oldfashioned.很少人喜欢他的小说。简言之，它们都过时了。句型转换PRC is short for the Peoples Republic of China.We call the Peoples Republic of China PRC _In England，people call James Jim for short.In England，_【答案】for shortJim is short for James (教材P2)Montreal，a port in the province of Quebec，is the
22、second largest city in Canada，and also the second largest Frenchspeaking city in the world，Paris being the largest港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市(最大的是巴黎)。【句式分析】Paris being the largest是独立主格结构，相当于and Paris is the largest。独立主格结构，又叫独立结构，它在句法上游离于句子主体之外，跟句子没有任何句法联系，但在意义上却与句子紧密联系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语言环境。独
23、立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语，因此，它在句法上不是句子，而是一个独立于句子成分之外的独特的结构形式。独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾，用逗号与句子隔开。It being fine tomorrow，well go outing.如果明天天气好，我们就去郊游。The president assassinated (After the president was assassinated)，the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了，全国上下沉浸在悲痛之中。独立主格结构的构成是：名词(代词)现在分词/过去分词；名词(代词)形容词；名词(代词)副
24、词；名词(代词)不定式；名词(代词)介词短语；with/without名词(代词)宾语补足语。The test finished (When the test was finished)，we began our holiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。Weather permitting (If weather permits)，we are going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。He came out of the library，(with)a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。句型转换When
25、 night came on，we put ourselves up in a small hotel._，we put ourselves up in a small hotel.When all the guests were seated，they began their dinner._，they began their dinner.【答案】Night coming onAll the guests seated (教材P3)It also has superb scenery，a beautiful harbour，and all the comforts of modern li
26、fe and international cuisine，in addition to being close to some very popular ski areas.除了附近有一些非常受欢迎的滑雪胜地之外，它还有着绝佳的风景，美丽的港口，各种现代生活所需的舒适设施以及各国的美食。(1)comfort vt.安慰n.安慰；安慰者；舒适；舒服It is a great comfort to know that she is safe.知道她安然无恙是令人宽慰的好事。These tennis shoes are designed for comfort and performance.这些网
27、球鞋是为了穿起来舒服，易于发挥成绩而设计的。in comfort舒适；安逸take comfort in/from 从中得到慰藉a great comfort to sb. 对某人来说是极大的安慰comfortable adj. 舒适的uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不安的They had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.他们有足够的钱舒舒服服地安度晚年。He took comfort from my words.他从我的话中得到安慰。She comforted herself with the thought
28、that it would soon be spring.她想到春天很快就要来临，以此来宽慰自己。【提示】当comfort笼统指“舒服，舒适”时，是不可数名词，但当指某个具体的人或事时，常用作可数名词。与之用法相同的词还有：failure，success，pleasure等。用comfort的适当形式填空The hotel offers a high standard of _ and service.It _her to feel his arms around her.These shoes are not very_Please make yourself_while I get som
29、e coffee.【答案】comfortcomfortedcomfortablecomfortable(2)in addition to“除之外(还)；加之”，后接名词、代词或动名词作其宾语In addition to giving you a place to stay until you find a job，they might pay for your health insurance.除在你找到工作之前给你一个安身之处外，他们还可能会为你的健康保险买单。in addition单独使用时，可置于句首、句中或句末，表示“加之；又；此外(还)”。besides除之外apart from 除
30、之外on top of 除之外(2019全国卷)In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.此外，大多数报纸对大众读者也没有什么吸引力。Apart from native plants，this garden contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.除了当地的植物之外，这座花园里还有无数来自海外的树和花。单句语法填空What has he done _ reading the paper?In addition
31、 _ French, he has to study Japanese.【答案】besidesto consist of由组成；由构成(教材P3)The mall consists of eight kilometres of passages，filled with shops，art galleries and even a water park.该购物中心由八千米长的通道构成，到处都是商店、艺术画廊，甚至还有一个水上公园。This years team，coached by Jackson，consisted entirely of college players.今年由杰克逊执教的球队
32、完全由大学生球员组成。Cake consists of flour，sugar，egg and some other ingredients.蛋糕由面粉、糖、蛋和一些其他配料制成。由组成存在于，在于The groupten boys and twelve girls won the game.由十个男孩和十二个女孩组成的小组赢得了比赛。The true wealth doesnt consist in what we have，but in what we are.真正的财富不是我们拥有的财产，而是我们自身的价值。The beauty of this picture consists in i
33、ts balance of colors.这幅画的美在于其色彩的协调。用consist的相关词语完成下列小片段Life mainly _happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow _struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always _the reality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。【答案】consists ofconsist inconsist with shape vt.形成；使成形；塑造；整理；进展；表达(教
34、材P3)The waterfalls，the largest of which is shaped like a semicircle，are 670 metres wide，and fall 56 metres in an awesome white sheet of water.尼亚加拉瀑布群宽670米，白色水幕飞流直下56米，令人叹为观止，其中最大的瀑布形似一个半圆。The flower is shaped like a bird.那朵花形状像只鸟。Peoples political beliefs are shaped by what they see in the papers.人们
35、的政治观点受报纸的影响。shape A from Bshape B into A用B做成Ashape up 改进，进展，发展shape up or ship out 不好好干就卷铺盖走人shape n. 形状，外形，健康，状况in good/bad/poor shape 情况良好/不佳/很糟in shape 健康状况良好out of shape 健康状况不好in the shape of 以的形式take shape 形成，使形成Our plans are shaping up nicely.我们的计划进展顺利。The boss told him to shape up or ship out
36、.老板告诉他要么好好干，要么走人。I like to keep in shape.我喜欢保持健康。完成句子这个水池呈心形。The pool _ a heart.作为那把年纪的人来说，他的身体不错。He _ for a man of his age.这花园逐渐像样了。The garden is beginning _ .他要是不改好，很快就会丢饭碗的。If he doesnt _，hell soon be out of a job.【答案】is in the shape ofis in good shapeto take shapeshape up seek ones fortune寻找发财机会
37、(教材P3)Approximately one million people left their homes and travelled westwards to seek their fortune in the Gold Rush.在“淘金热”中，约有一百万人为了发财而背井离乡奔向西部。Many Chinese people went to seek their fortune in California in the “Gold Rush”许多中国人在“淘金热”期间去加利福尼亚寻找发财机会。He is going to Canada to seek his fortune.他去加拿大想
38、赚大钱。come into a fortune(因继承等)得到财产have good fortune 运气好make a fortune 发财fame and fortune 名利try ones fortune 碰运气He made fame and fortune by working hard.他通过努力工作赢得了名利。He went to Beijing to try his fortune.他去北京碰运气了。完成句子When he was young，he went to America to _(寻找发财机会).We must _(致富)by means of industry.【
39、答案】seek his fortunemake a fortune supply v供应，提供；供给(教材P3)The tree itself supplies Canadas most famous foodmaple syrupwhich goes well with pancakes.枫树还产出枫树糖浆，这是加拿大最有名的食品，配上薄煎饼一起吃就再完美不过了。supply sb.with sth.supply sth.to sb.provide sth.for sb.provide sb.with sth.offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb.供给/提供某物给某人It
40、 is said that they supplied terrorist organizations with weapons.据说他们向恐怖组织提供了武器。Every year，our school supplies some desks and chairs to the schools in poor areas.我们学校每年向贫困地区学校提供部分课桌椅。句型转换This has provided police with a vital clue.This has _ police _ a vital clue.(supply)This has _ a vital clue _ police.(offer)【答案】supplied；with；offered；to
