1、主题训练(三)语言学习的规律、方法等大阅读提升阅读速度内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2021湖北八校联考)Traveling to a foreign country can make you frightened if you dont know the local language. Mr. Thibault has a number of tips to help travelers manage in a destination when they dont speak the native tongue, based on
2、 his own experience. Here are a few of them.Download a Language Translation AppMr. Thibault tends to rely on Google Translate and suggests that travelers find an app that works for them. Ideally, find one that specializes in the language you need to translate especially if the language uses a charac
3、ter set youre not familiar with, or have difficulty pronouncing.Speak with Your Hands and HeadPointing with your hands and nodding or shaking your head, Mr. Thibault said, are easy ways to communicate with locals in the country youre in. “Gestures are all universally understood，” he said.Learn a Few
4、 Key WordsKnowing basic words and phrases like “hello”， “thank you” and “Im sorry, I dont speak your language. Do you speak English？” is a must, Mr. Thibault said. Showing that you care enough to learn some of the language before you go, and at least enough to acknowledge that you dont know more, is
5、 a form of respect and will go a long way to be liked by locals.Work with a Local Travel AgentIf you feel particularly uncomfortable in the country youre headed to, and you have to go anyway, relying on a local travel agent who knows both your and your destinations languages can be incredibly useful
6、.Hire a Local Tour GuideA tour guide can help you get a better grasp of the local language and is a good person to practice words and phrases with. Whenever Mr. Thibault visits a new country, he books a sightseeing tour with a guide on the first day of his trip. “I use this day to learn about my des
7、tination and get familiar with the language，” he said.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，针对不会说外语的旅行者到国外旅游提出了几条建议，包括下载翻译软件、使用肢体语言、出发前学习关键词、利用当地旅行社的帮助以及雇用当地导游。1In what situation should a language translation app be applied while traveling abroad?AWhen you have trouble pronouncing the words.BWhen you want to acknowledge yo
8、ur ignorance.CWhen you want to practice the local language.DWhen you feel uncomfortable in the country.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，在该语言使用你不熟悉的字符集或者你发音有困难时，你应当下载翻译软件，故A项正确。2What is the easiest way to communicate with foreigners according to the text?ADownloading a language translation app.BLearning a few k
9、ey words.CUsing body language.DWorking with a guide.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，使用肢体语言是与当地人交流最简单的方式，故C项正确。3How can you better understand the local language?ABy speaking with your hands and head.BBy learning a few key words.CBy downloading a language translation app.DBy hiring a local tour guide.解析：选D细节理解题
10、。根据尾段第一句可知，导游可以帮助你更好地掌握当地的语言，而且导游是你与其练习单词和短语的最佳人选，故D项正确。BRecently I read Nineteen EightyFour, a novel set in a state where even the language people use is controlled. Adjectives are forbidden and instead they use expressions such as “ungood”， “plus good” and “double plus good” to express emotions. A
11、s I first read this I thought how impossible it would be in our society to have such vocabulary. However, the more I thought about it, the more I realized it is happening. I type messages to my friends and alongside each are the emoticons (情感符号). I often use them to emphasize something because these
12、 specific emoticons convey my emotions much better than using just words. And I wonder, with our daily use of emoticons, whether we are losing the beauty and diversity of our vocabulary.English has the largest vocabulary in the world, but whos to say what itll be like in the future? Perhaps well hav
13、e a shorter language, full of saying “cry faces” if something sad happens or using abbreviations like LOL (laugh out loud) or BRB (be right back) instead of saying the full phrase. So does this mean our vocabulary will shrink? Is it the start of an exciting new era (时代)? Or is this a classic case of
14、 the older generations saying, “Things werent like that when I was younger. We didnt use emoticons to show our emotions”？Yet when you look back over time, the power of image has always been there. Even in the prehistoric era they used images to communicate, and whats even more incredible is that wer
15、e able to analyze those drawings and understand the meaning of them thousands of years later. Pictures have the ability to go beyond the limits of time and language. Images, like cave paintings and emoticons, allow us to convey a message that is rather universal.语篇解读：本文论述了符号语言的使用对英语词汇的影响及符号语言传达信息的持久
16、性和普遍性。4Why is the book Nineteen EightyFour mentioned at the beginning of the passage?ATo lead in the topic of the passage.BTo emphasize the importance of this book.CBecause emoticons are widely used in the book.DBecause the book and its author are wellknown.解析：选A推理判断题。由首段内容，尤其是“As I first read this
17、I thought . I type messages to my friends and alongside each are the emoticons (情感符号)”可知，提到该书的目的是引入符合语言的使用这一话题。5What does the underlined word “abbreviations” mean?AWords of three letters.BShort forms of phrases.CPhrases in capital letters.DWords to express emotion.解析：选B词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“like LOL (laugh
18、out loud) or BRB (be right back) instead of saying the full phrase” 可知，abbreviations一词在这里是“短语缩写形式” 的意思。6What is the writers purpose of raising questions in Paragraph 2?ATo collect answers from the readers.BTo list the disadvantages of using emoticons.CTo discuss the effects of using emoticons on Eng
19、lish.DTo present the possible changes of future English vocabulary.解析：选D写作意图题。由第二段的内容，尤其是“but whos to say what itll be like in the future? Perhaps well have a shorter language . full phrase”可知，作者在本段提出一系列问题是为了陈述未来英语词汇可能发生的变化。7What is the writers opinion on using emoticons?AUncertain.BOpposed.CSupport
20、ive. DNeutral.解析：选C观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的“Even in the prehistoric era they used images to communicate . like cave paintings and emoticons, allow us to convey a message that is rather universal”可知，作者对情感符号的使用持支持的态度，故A项符合语境。uncertain“不确定的”；opposed“反对的”；neutral“中立的”。C(2021太原模拟)Gabriellas family immigrated to t
21、he US from Peru when she was two years old. As a compound bilingual (熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both English and Spanish. Her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of conce
22、pts, learning English in school, Spanish at home. Finally, Gabriellas parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.Regardless of accent and pronunciation, all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a langua
23、ge. It seems that the difference may not be apparent. But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. Its well known that the brains left hemisphere (半球) is in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere
24、 is more active in emotional and social ones. Language involves both types of functions. Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, u
25、sually the left.Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthie
26、r, and more actively engaged, and even if you didnt have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, its never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from “Hello” to “Hola” “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a lon
27、g way.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，学习双语能使大脑更聪明、更健康、更活跃，学习外语永远不迟。8Why is Gabriellas family used as the example in Paragraph 1?ATo show that the family are bilinguals.BTo explain the advantages of bilinguals.CTo illustrate the three types of bilinguals.DTo prove all ages can learn foreign languages.解析：选C细节理解题。根
28、据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，即Gabriella同时学习英语和西班牙语；她的弟弟在学校学习英语，在家里学习西班牙语；她的父母则通过将第二语言翻译为母语来学习第二语言。据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。9Why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?ABecause they learn languages with a set of concepts.BBecause they use both hemispheres
29、 to learn languages.CBecause their mother tongue doesnt influence them much.DBecause they can easily translate one language into another.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段尾句可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。10Which of the following best explains “handicap” underlined in Parag
30、raph 3?ADisease. BDisability.CDisadvantage. DIllness.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。11What can we infer from the text?AThe left brain is more important for language learning.BLearning languages
31、can promote the brain development.CThe proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.DImmigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, a
32、nd more actively engaged”可知，研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明，它会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，语言学习促进大脑的发育，故B项正确。DDo you love bacon (熏猪肉)? Who doesnt, right? From time to time, you may have heard the phrase “bring home the bacon”. Did you ever wonder what that means?Actually, “bring home the bacon” is a common phrase used
33、to mean “to earn money”. If youre “bringing home the bacon”， youre making money to bring home to your family. So how is the meat connected with making money?One popular story holds that the phrase appeared in the 1100s in a small town of Great Dunmow in England. The church (教堂) in Great Dunmow would
34、 give a rasher of bacon as a reward to any man who could honestly say that he had not argued (争吵) with his wife for a year. Others believe the phrase got started in the 1500s at country fairs. One of the most popular competitions included catching a pig. The prize for it was that you got to keep it.
35、Since the 1600s, the word “bacon” has been used to mean ones body. Because people often connect the body with ones ability to work and earn money, its believed that bacon finally took on that meaning, too. One way of earning money with ones body back then was the sport of boxing.On September 3, 1906
36、, boxer Joe Gans fought against Oliver Nelson for the world lightweight championship in Goldfield, Nevada. According to the Reno Evening Gazette, Joe received a telegram (电报) from his mother before the fight. It read: “Joe, the eyes of the world are on you. Everybody says you ought to win. Peter Jac
37、kson will tell me the news and you bring home the bacon.” Joe Gans did win the fight and the prize money that went along with the victory. He sent a telegram back to his mother, saying that he was “bringing home the bacon”. Mrs Gans was probably repeating a phrase she had heard before, but hers was
38、the first usage that experts can find. Before long, the phrase was being used commonly in boxing, and it also quickly moved to other sports.12Why does the author raise questions in Paragraph 1?ATo show his writing purpose.BTo lead to the topic of the text.CTo know the meaning of the phrase.DTo see h
39、ow many people love bacon.解析：选B推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文介绍了英语俚语“bring home the bacon”的含义和起源，文章首段的问题是为了引出本文讨论的话题俚语“bring home the bacon”。13What does the phrase “bring home the bacon” mean?ASupport ones family financially.BBring family members together.CEarn money by selling bacon.DImprove a familys living cond
40、itions.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知，“bring home the bacon”的含义是“赚取生活费”。14Who could get the bacon in the 1100s in Great Dunmow?AThe one who never tells lies.BThe one who lives in peace with his wife.CThe one who wins a competition at the fair.DThe one who is strong enough to catch a pig.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段的前
41、两句可知，在12世纪的Great Dunmow，和妻子关系和睦的男人会被奖励熏猪肉。15Why did Joe Gans mother send him a telegram?ATo ask Joe to buy some bacon.BTo tell Joe how to win the fight.CTo show what she expected from Joe.DTo introduce a new phrase to people.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，对于拳击手而言，“bring home the bacon”的意思是“挣生活费”，Joe的妈妈说“yo
42、u bring home the bacon”，而赢得比赛就能得到奖金，由此可知，Joe的妈妈在电报中表达了她的期待。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) (2021济南模拟)About one hundred years ago many educated people learned and spoke French when they met people from other countries. Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners. _16_ There are more people who
43、 speak English as a second language than people who speak English as a first language. Why is this?_17_ One of them is that English has become the language of business. Another important reason is that popular American culture (like movies and music) has quickly spread throughout the world. _18_Is i
44、t good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly? _19_ Its important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common. Our world has become very global and we need to communicate with one another. On the other hand, English is a fairly complicated language to learn a
45、nd it brings its culture with it. Do we really need that?Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isnt too difficult and doesnt include any groups culture. It is called Esperanto. _20_ Maybe the popularity of English wont last that long either. There are more people in the
46、 world who speak Chinese than any other language. Maybe someday Chinese will be the new international language.APeople like English.BBut it hasnt become popular.CIt has brought its language with it.DThere is no doubt about the question.EThis is why English was widely spoken.FIt has become the new in
47、ternational language.GThere are many reasons why English has become so popular.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了英语作为国际语言流行的原因及对未来可能流行的语言的预测。16选F根据第一段的前两句可知，大约一百年前很多有学问的人学习法语，并且在见到来自其他国家的人时说法语，现在大部分人见到外国人时说英语。由此可推知，英语已经成了新的国际性语言。故选F项。17选G承接上文“Why is this？”，并结合本段中的“One of them is”和“Another important reason is”可推知，此
48、空表述英语流行有诸多原因，故选G项。18选C承接上文美国文化在全球的流行可知，它的语言也随之而来，故选C项。19选D承接上文的疑问句，并结合下文的肯定陈述“Its important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common”可知，此处是表示英语在全世界的传播是一件好事，故选D项。20选B结合下文“Maybe the popularity of English wont last that long either”可知，B项“但是它并没有流行起来”符合语境，衔接上下文。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满
49、分30分)Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school. I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was _21_. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when _22_， and that our abilities in th
50、at regard decline with age. _23_， just before my 50th birthday, I _24_ for French classes.After I was _25_ to see which group I belonged in, I was _26_ at almost the introductory level. I found that it really was true that certain linguistic (语言的) abilities _27_ with age. While Id always thought of
51、myself as a(n) _28_ learner, that was no longer the case. I absorbed new vocabulary very _29_. What I learned one week ago seemed to _30_ as soon as I learned the next skill.Now, a couple of years later, I can listen to the news in French and _31_ 90 percent of it on the first try and read a novel i
52、f its not too difficult.Who knows what I might still _32_？Ive learned so much _33_ grammar and vocabulary. Ive met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the _34_ to make fools of themselves in order to _35_ something new. Ive been taught by patient and inspirational teachers fr
53、om many _36_ of the world, including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa.Listening to the news as it is _37_ to the people of France, I have a renewed _38_ of how something can look completely different from another _39_. Ive learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way
54、 of _40_. But most of all, Ive learned that it really is never too late to learn something new.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。21A.unbelievable BpointlessCunbearable Dvalueless解析：选B根据该句“I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized tha
55、t this was _”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到是无意义的(pointless)，故选B。22A.energetic BcuriousCyoung Dold解析：选C根据后半句中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。23A.However BThereforeCBesides DMeanwhile解析：选A根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的
56、”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。24A.sought BregisteredCfought Dprepared解析：选B参见上题解析。25A.interviewed BchallengedCasked Dtested解析：选D根据空后的“to see which group I belonged in”并结合语境可知，经过测试来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”几乎被归为(placed)初级水平，故选D。26A.restricted BwithdrawnCappointed Dplaced解析：选D参见上题解析。27A.fade BremainCdisappear Dimprove解析：选A
57、根据第一段中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增长而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。28A.autonomous BaverageCquick Ddull解析：选C根据语境可推知，作者一直认为自己是一个敏锐的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。29A.easily BslowlyCsteadily Drapidly解析：选B结合语境及上题解析可推知，作者掌握新词汇的速度很慢，故选B。30A.crowd in Bmake senseCslip away Dbuild up解析：选C
58、结合语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就消失(slip away)了，故选C。crowd in“涌上(心头)”；make sense“有意义”；build up“(使)扩大”。31A.catch BreciteCshare Drepeat解析：选A根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。catch“理解”，故选A。32A.complete BoverlookCperform Daccomplish解析：选D根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。33A.except BbeyondCthrough Dincl
59、uding解析：选B根据下文的内容可知，作者认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除之外”。34A.confidence BabilityCpatience Dcourage解析：选D根据空后的“make fools of themselves in order to _ something new”可知，此处表示作者遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们有勇气(courage)使自己(看起来)愚蠢以学(learn)一些新的东西，故选D。35A.learn BexperienceCexplore Dpossess解析：选A参见上题解析。36A.organizations
60、BcornersCclasses Draces解析：选B根据下文的“including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa”可知，这些老师来自世界的各个角落(corners)。37A.updated BspreadCpresented Dconveyed解析：选C根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。38A.understanding BattitudeCknowledge Djudgment解析：选A根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完
61、全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。39A.manner BaspectCangle Ddirection解析：选C参见上题解析。40A.studying BworkingCliving Dthinking解析：选D根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。精表达夯实语言基础提升表达能力.单词拼写1The best way to enlarge your vocabulary (词汇量) is to read extensively.2You may find it difficult to communicate with
62、 the natives, because many of them have a strong accent (口音)3Its difficult for us Chinese to master English idioms (习语)4The children picked up Shanghai dialect (方言) during their stay in Shanghai.5The word “alphabet” has two stresses (重音) in American English pronunciation.6First of all, I think it us
63、eful to learn some grammar (语法) and remember as many useful sentence patterns as I can.7A trade war is not a war in the literal (字面的) sense.8She used so many technical terms (术语) in her speech that the audience could not understand.9Homesick is a compound (复合的) word made up of HOME and SICK, which m
64、eans sick for home.10If a word has more than one vowel, the tone (声调) should be marked on the main vowel of the word.单句语法填空1I picked out some frequentlyused English expressions (express) when meeting foreign guests.2Every participant is expected to speak fluently, and your pronunciation (pronounce)
65、should be as precise as possible.3If you look up the Chinese term “颜色” in ChineseEnglish dictionary, you will find two different spellings (spell) for this word.4Some usages (use) of English words are appropriate only in spoken English while others are more typical of formal writing.5The meeting was
66、 held in Guangzhou and Cantonese was taken as official (office) language for that meeting.6We can learn spoken (speak) English well by practising speaking English a great deal both in and out of class.7I feel that it would be cool if I get more practice in oral and written (write) English from this
67、course.8He reacquired an academic (academy) reputation after five years of hard work.9If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, it means many more people in the world can enjoy it.10As students at school, we should spend most of our time acquiring (acquire) more knowledge and useful
68、things.完成句子1When_it_comes_to_learning_a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough words.当谈到学习一门外语时，许多人怀疑他们是否能记住足够的单词。2Id like to attend English lectures, from_which_I_can_get_more_information on British and American culture.我愿意上英语课，从中我可以学到更多关于英美文化的知识。3We_are_suppos
69、ed_to_learn_English_well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。4As an international language, English_acts_as_a_bridge_linking_all_countries_togethernowadays.作为一门国际语言，英语充当了当今连接各国的桥梁。5Nowadays Chinese_is_becoming_more_and_more_popu
70、lar_all over the world.当今，汉语在全世界正变得越来越受欢迎。.书面表达假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack想学福州方言(dialect)。请你给他写一封电子邮件，提出你的建议，内容包括：1多和当地市民交流；2观看福州方言电视节目；3买一本福州方言的词典等。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear Jack，Glad to know you feel like learning the Fuzhou dialect. I think it can help you fit in with the city. Now let me o
71、ffer you some suggestions.To begin with, it would be a good idea if you could communicate with the local citizens because it can improve your fluency. Whats more, watching the dialect programs on FZTV3 can also contribute to better pronunciation and understanding. Last but not least, a dictionary of the Fuzhou dialect, which you can refer to whenever you want, can be of great help. And the optional course of the Fuzhou dialect in our school is a good choice, too.I hope youll find these suggestions useful.Yours，Li Hua
