1、阅读理解- (2011全国卷)There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _1_ home from work in the evenings. A man will be _2_ the newspaper, and seconds later it _3_ as if he is trying to _4_ it. Or he will fall
2、asleep on the shoulder of the stranger _5_ next to him. _6_ place where unplanned short sleep _7_ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾)so _8_that the professor has to ask another student to _9_ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬的) situation occurs when a student star
3、ts falling into sleep and the _10_ of the head pushes the arm off the _11_, and the movement carries the _12_ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no _13_ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when _14_. Police reports are full of _15_ that occur when people fall in
4、to sleep and go _16_ the road. If the drivers are _17_, they are not seriously hurt. One womans car, _18_ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of _19_ and thought it was raining. When people are really _20_, nothing will stop them from falling asleepno matter where they are.很多时候人们疲惫了就会打瞌睡
5、,当睡意来袭时不论身在何处都会很快入眠。例如乘车时、听讲座时,甚至开车时,人们都会因疲惫而睡着。1A.way BtrackCpath Droad答案:A。由下文的in the evenings可知是“在下班回家的路上”,用on the way home from work表示。2A.buying BfoldingCdelivering Dreading答案:D。由上文的on the bus or train可知是在车上“读”报。buy买;fold折叠;deliver递送。3A.acts BshowsCappears Dsounds答案:C。由下文的he is trying to_ it 可知此
6、处是“看起来”好像。由此可知C项正确。来源:4A.open BeatCfind Dfinish答案:B。坐车打瞌睡时会不停地点头,看起来像“吃”报纸。5A.lying BwaitingCtalking Dsitting答案:D。句意:或者他会靠在坐在他旁边的陌生人的肩上睡觉。lie躺;wait等待;talk谈话;sit坐。6A.Next BEveryCAnother DOne答案:C。上文介绍的是在车上,此处再介绍“另一个”地方,故用another。7A.goes on Bends upClasts Dreturns答案:A。go on发生,进行;end up结束;last持续,维持;retu
7、rn归还。8A.bravely BhappilyCloudly Dcarelessly答案:C。学生打鼾声音太“大”,以致教授不得不让另一个同学把他“晃”醒。bravely勇敢地;happily高兴地;loudly大声地;carelessly粗心地。9A.leave BshakeCkeep Dwatch答案:B。见8题解析。10A.size BshapeCweight Dstrength答案:C。学生开始入睡,头的重量将胳膊推离桌面,同时带动身体的其余部分滑到地板上。size大小;shape形状;weight重量;strength体力。11A.cushion BdeskCshoulder Db
8、ook答案:B。学生在教室内上课,故选desk。12A.action BpositionCrest Dside答案:C。由上文中提到的头及胳膊的活动,以及下句The student wakes up on the floor.可知答案为C项。13A.memory Breason来源:Cquestion Dpurpose答案:A。因学生睡着了,所以不记得发生的事情,故选memory。14A.thinking BworkingCwalking Ddriving答案:D。由下文的the drivers可知D项正确。15A.changes BeventsCideas Daccidents答案:D。由下
9、文知此处指发生在路上的“交通事故”。16A.up BoffC along Ddown答案:B。由上文的people fall into sleep可知车会“驶离”公路。17A.lucky BawakeCcalm Dstrong答案:A。由下文的they are not seriously hurt可知此处应为“如果司机幸运”。18A.in time Bat firstCas usual Dfor example答案:D。此处要举例说明。in time及时;at first首先;as usual像往常一样;for example 例如。19A.dust BwaterCgrass Dbush答案:
10、B。由上句的went into the river可知。20A.tired BdrunkClonely Dlazy答案:A。前后呼应,由文章第一句话可知A项正确。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-AAn overweight, middle-aged man lies dead on a trolley, with a woman weeping over his body. The body s cold hand still grasps a half-eaten McDonald s hamburger. American doctors TV ad features the image whi
11、ch weakens the slightest of appetites and the line I was lovin it The hard-hitting US television commercial supported by a Washington-based medical group has angered McDonald s by taking an unusually direct shot at the world s biggest fast-food chain this week. The line is a twist on McDonald s long
12、-standing advertising slogan, Im lovin it” and a voiceover intones:“High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.” The commercial,funded by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine ( PCRM ) goes further than most non-profit advertising and has drawn an a
13、ngry reaction from both the Chicago-based hamburger multinational and the broader restaurant industry. The National Restaurant Association criticised it as irresponsible and said it was an attempt to scare the public with a limited” view of nutrition. A McDonald s spokesman said:This commercial is u
14、nbearable, misleading and unfair to all consumers. McDonald s trusts our customers to make food and lifestyle choices that are right for them. ” The commercial,to be aired at the beginning in the Washington area but potentially in fuither US cities, comes amid an increasingly lively debate in the US
15、 about healthy eating. The first lady, Michelle Obamarhas made nutrition a signature issue and is leading a campaign to encourage physical fitness and improved diets - particularly among American children,a third of whom are overweight. The economic decline has hardly helped the healthy eating cause
16、. McDonald s has enjoyed a relatively prosperous financial crisis as diners choose its affordable offerings in place of more expensive high-street restaurants. Its global profits for the six months to June were up 12% to $ 2. 3billion, powered by sales rises both in the United States and Britain. Th
17、e PCRM s director of nutrition education, Susan Levin, made no apologies for singling out the golden arches(拱门): “ McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. Its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable. We feel we re making a point about all fast food when we talk
18、about McDonald s. ”1. The ad-maker makes a change in the McDonald s slogan _.A. to warn people of risk of eating fast foodB. to convince people of cause of the deathC. to remind people of the man s preferenceD. to accuse the McDonald s of the murder答案解析:答案为A。由第二段 “The line is a twist on McDonald s l
19、ong-standing advertising slogan, Im lovin it” and a voiceover intones: High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.”可知,广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变是因为麦当劳的食物含有高胆固醇,它还会导致高血压,心脏病,因此广告商们警告人们吃麦当劳食物的危险,故答案为A。D选项“控告麦当劳谋杀”夸大了广告商的意图,故不选。2. The goal of this passage is to tell us that_
20、.A. the TV commercial goes too farB. people enjoy eating fast food for its tasteC. Michelle Obama s campaign doesn t workD. McDonald s provides unhealthy food答案解析:答案为D。本题考查文章的写作目的。文章第一、二段介绍了广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变,意在警告人们麦当劳食物的危险性,后面的内容介绍了这样的广告惹怒了麦当劳和快餐饮食业,然而这种非盈利的广告还是得到了公众的支持,并且美国第一夫人Michelle Obama也在健康饮食运动中
21、签字,最后一段重申了PCRM总会长Susan Levin的意见,对于打击麦当劳没有任何歉意,快餐食品危害人们的健康。因此,本文的写作目的就是告诉人们麦当劳的食物不健康。A、B、C都与写作目的无关,故不选。3. “The golden arches” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. the lineB. the adC. McDonald sD. fast food答案解析:答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。由最后一段“the golden arches(金色的拱门)”后面的内容 “McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-f
22、ood chains in the world. Its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable.”可知,“The golden arches”指代的是麦当劳,故答案为C。4. What is the theme of the passage?A. A fierce debate about healthy eatingB. McDonald s targeted in US health adC. A US health ad advocates healthy lifeD. Say goodbye to McDonald
23、s right now答案解析:答案为B。本题考查文章的主题。结合第2题的分析可知,本文的主题是围绕麦当劳成为美国健康饮食广告的打击对象而展开,故答案为B。较难题目特训:人物故事类I suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened. Looking down, I immediately recognized that something was wrong, and ran down to the edge of the near bank. There I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old
24、 calf struggling in the fast-rising water, and it was a life-and-death struggle. Her calf was floating and screaming with fear. Ma Shwe was as near to the far bank as she could get, holding her whole body against the rushing water, and keeping the calf pressed against her huge body. Every now and th
25、en the rushing water would sweep the calf away. There was a sudden rise in the water and the calf was washed clean over the mothers body and was gone. Ma Shwe turned quickly to reach it and pressed the calf with her head and trunk against the rocky bank. Then with a huge effort, she picked it up in
26、her trunk and tried until she was able to place it on a narrow shelf of rock. Just at this moment, she fell back into the river. If she were carried down, it would be certain death. I knew, as well as she did, that there was one spot where she could get up the bank, but it was on the other side from
27、 where she had put her calf. While I was wondering what I could do next, I heard the sound of a mothers love. Ma Shwe had crossed the river and got up the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could, roaring(吼叫) all the time, but to her calf it was music. 1. The moment the author got down
28、to the river bank he saw.A. the calf was about to fall into the riverB. Ma Shwe was placing the calf on the rockC. the calf was washed away by the rising waterD. Ma Shwe was holding the calf against the rushing water2. How did Ma Shwe manage to save her calf from the fast-flowing water? A. By puttin
29、g it on a safe spot.B. By pressing it against her body.C. By taking it away with her.D. By carrying it on her back.3. How did the calf feel about the mother elephants roaring? A. It was a great comfort. B. It was a sign of danger.C. It was a call for help. D. It was a musical note.4. What can be the
30、 best title for the text? A. A Mothers LoveB. A Brave ActC. A Deadly RiverD. A Matter of Life and Death【参考答案】15.1-4 DAAA高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-BFor much of the world, vegetarianism (素食主义) is largely a matter of economics: Meat costs a lot more than beans or rice, so meat becomes a special-occasion dish. Even
31、where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control, and it often provides a side note to a meal rather than taking center stage. In countries like the United States where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost. Parental preferences, religio
32、us or other beliefs, and health problems are among the most common reasons for choosing to be a vegetarian. Many people choose a vegetarian diet out of concern over animal rights or the environment. And lots of people have more than one reason for choosing vegetarianism. Different people follow diff
33、erent forms of vegetarianism. A true vegetarian eats no meat at all, including chicken and fish. A lactoovo vegetarian eats dairy products (乳制品) and eggs, but keeps out meat, fish, and chicken. It follows, then, that a lacto vegetarian eats dairy products but not eggs, and an ovo vegetarian eats egg
34、s but not dairy products. A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded (排除) from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey. Some macrobiotic (养生的) diets fall into the vegan category. Macrobiotic diets limit not only animal products but also refine
35、d and processed foods, foods with preservatives, and foods that contain caffeine or other stimulants (刺激物). Following a macrobiotic or vegan diet could lead to nutritional deficiencies (营养不足) in some people. Teens need to be sure their diets include enough nutrients to fuel growth, particularly prot
36、ein and calcium. If youre interested in following a vegan or macrobiotic diet its a good idea to talk to a registered dietitian. He or she can help you design meal plans that include enough nutrients. 1. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means _.A. there is usually a note besid
37、e the meat in a mealB. meat often attracts peoples attention in a mealC. meat is served only a small amount in a mealD. meat should play an important part in a meal答案解析:答案为C。本题为语义理解题。结合划线句子前面的内容 “Even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control” 可知,甚至是肉非常多的地方,人们仍然控制肉的进食量,因此肉在饮食中只是 “a sid
38、e note” 而不是“center stage.”,因此划线句子意思是肉在饮食中只占少量,故答案为C。 2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for Americans being vegetarians?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They are concerned about the rights of animals.C. They worry about their own health.D. They cant afford to buy meat.答案解析:答案为D。本题为细节
39、题。由第二段 “In countries like the United States where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost.” 可知,除了因为肉的花费原因外.,美国人选择素食有诸多原因。故答案为D。3. A vegan diet will include _.A. neither animal products nor diary productsB. diary products but no eggsC. animal prod
40、ucts like honeyD. processed food答案解析:答案为A。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段 “A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey.”可知,vegan diet里排除了eggs and dairy products,还排除了animal products ,故答案为A。4. According to the passage,
41、the author would probably think that _. A. all the people should become vegetariansB. teens should be careful to be vegetariansC. vegetarianism is not a good thing for the worldD. vegetarianism can make a country develop faster答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段可知,素食有可能导致营养不良,特别是青少年处于生长发育,饮食要有足够的营养,如果青少年对素食感兴趣,应该咨询营养学家,因此作者认为青少年应该对变成素食主义者非常小心,故答案为B。