1、The works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth are“rocketboosters”to the brain and better therapy than self-help books,researchers will say this week.Scientists,psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of Shakespeare and other classical writers has a ben
2、eficial effect on the mind,catches the readers attention and triggersmoments of self-reflection.They monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare,William Wordsworth,T.S Eliot and others.They then“translated”the texts into more“straightforward”，modern language
3、and again monitored the readers brains as they read the words.It was showed that the more“challenging”prose and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the more pedestrian(缺乏想象力的)versions.Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record h
4、ow it“lit up”as the readers encountered unusual words,surprising phrases or difficult sentence structure.This“lighting up”of the mind lasts longer than the initial electrical spark,shifting the brain to a higher gear，encouraging further reading.多积词汇therapy n 疗法trigger v.触发，引起monitor v.监测，监视prose n.散
5、文version n.版本encounter v.遇到initial adj.最初的gear n.传动装置Section Introduction&ReadingPre-readingin which 为“介词关系代词”结构，in which the boys were fed 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the room。feed/fid/v.喂养；为提供食品 pot/pt/n.锅with a large pot at one end 是 with复合结构。warden/wdn/n.管理员过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 the warden。原文呈现读文清障Oliver Asks for More
6、The room in which the boys were fed was a large stone hall,with a large potat one end.The warden，helped by two women，serve/sv/v.端上(饭菜等)when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 holidays。need washing 需要洗该结构中用主动形式表达被动含义，还可表达为 need to be washed。every bit of 每一点 a bit of.一点儿as the boys cleaned them with their spoons 是原因状语从句，其
7、中 trying to eat every bit of soup 作 cleaned 的伴随状语。原文呈现读文清障served the soup from this pot at meal times.Each boy was allowed one bowl of soup and no more,except on special holidays when he was given another 60 grams of bread.The bowls never needed washing，as the boys cleaned them with their spoons,try
8、ing to eat every bit of soup.This never took very long,as原文呈现读文清障the spoons were almost as large as the bowls.When they had cleaned their bowls in this way，they would sit staring at the pot with eager eyes，as if they wanted to eat it.Boys usually have excellent appetites .Oliver Twist and his compan
9、ions slowly starved for three months until finally,they became quite wild with hunger.in this way 用这种方式同义词组：by this means/with this methodstare at注视着，盯着 gaze at瞪着，怒目而视eager/i/adj.热切的，渴望的 be eager for.渴望be eager to do sth.渴望做某事现在分词短语 staring at the.作状语，表示伴随。appetite/ptaIt/n.胃口；食欲 companion n伙伴，同伴beco
10、me wild with hunger 饿得发疯其中 become 为连系动词，wild 作表语，而 with 在此表示原因。奥利弗还要更多第 1 段译文 男孩们进食的场所是一间宽敞的大石厅，一口大锅放在大厅的一头。开饭的时候，管理员从锅里舀汤，有两个女人给他打杂。每个男孩只可分得一碗汤，决不多给，除非逢特别的节日，才可以再分到 60 克面包。粥碗从来用不着洗，孩子们非用汤匙把碗刮得重又明光铮亮了才住手，试图吃掉每一点粥。这绝对花不了很长时间，因为汤匙几乎就有碗那般大了。他们这样把碗刮干净以后，就坐在那儿，眼巴巴地瞅着汤锅，似乎要把它也吞进肚子里。男孩们的胃口通常都很好。三个月以来，奥利弗特威
11、斯特和同伴们一起忍受着慢性饥饿的煎熬，到后来饿得都快发疯了。be(not)used to doing sth.(不)习惯于做某事all the time 一直，总是21 keep 此处表示“经营”，相当于run。22 who was tall.all the time 是限制性定语从句；as his father had kept a small cook shop 是原因状语从句。23 If he did not 是条件状语从句。原文呈现读文清障There was one boy who was tall for his age,and was not used to being hungr
12、y all the time，as his father had kept 21 a small cook shop 22.This boy told his friends that he had to have another bowl of soup each day.If he did not23，he was afraid原文呈现读文清障24 next to(close to)靠近，接近25 who slept next to him 是定语从句。26 look n表情，外貌27 walk up to 向走去28 ask for 要求，请求29 pick out 挑选；认出pick
13、up(开车)去接；收听；(不经意)学会；好转30 It was.who.为强调句式。that one night he might eat the small young boy who slept next to24 him25.The tall boy had a wild,hungry look 26 in his eye and everyone believed him.The boys had a meeting.They decided that one of them should walk up to27 the warden after supper that evenin
14、g and ask for28 more food.They wrote their names on pieces of paper and picked one out29.It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.3031 stand by 站在的旁边；支持32 此处为“with宾语介词短语”构成的 with 复合结构，in a line(排)成一排33 down ones throat 向下通过某人的喉咙34 whisper/wIsp/v.低声地说；耳语35 nudge/nd/v.推开原文呈现读文清障The evening arrived and the b
15、oys went to their places.The warden stood by31 the pot with his assistants in a line behind him32.The soup was served and disappeared down the boys throats33.The boys whispered 34 to each other,and those next to Oliver nudged35 him.Oliver,36 desperate/despt/adj.绝望的be desperate for 渴望得到be desperate t
16、o do sth.渴望做某事37 misery n苦难；痛苦38 Frightened by his own courage 作状语，意为“被自己的大胆吓了一跳”。原文呈现读文清障who was desperate 36 with hunger and misery37，rose from the table and walked towards the master with his bowl and spoon in his hand.Frightened by his own courage38，he said,“Please sir,I want some more.”第 23 段译文
17、 其中有个男孩子，个子较同龄人高，而且不习惯总这么挨饿，因为他父亲开过一家小饭馆。他跟朋友们说他每天必须多喝一碗汤，否则难保哪天晚上他就会把睡在他身边的那个小男孩吃掉。那个高个子男孩儿眼睛里闪动着一副野性的饥饿目光，孩子们都信以为真。男孩们开了一个会，决定在当天傍晚吃过晚饭后，他们中的一个要到管理员那里去再要一些食物。他们将名字写在纸条上，抽出一张。奥利弗特威斯特被抽中了。夜晚来临，男孩子们来到了各自的位子上。管理员站在锅边，打下手的人排成一行站在他的身后。汤一分给孩子们，就被一扫而光了。孩子们交头接耳，那些坐在奥利弗旁边的孩子用胳膊肘推他。奥利弗已经被饥饿与苦难逼得什么都顾不上了，他从桌边站
18、起来，手里拿着碗和汤匙，朝管理员走去。被自己的大胆吓了一跳，他说：“求你了，先生，我还想要一点。”原文呈现读文清障39 healthy/heli/adj.健康的 40 pale adj.苍白的41 in astonishment 惊讶地，吃惊地42 hold on to 抓着43 support/spt/n.支撑物44 at least(at the least)至少45 Not until at least thirty.was the man able to speak.是倒装句。not until 位于句首，主句用部分倒装语序。46 in a.voice 用声音(说)，声地The war
19、den was a fat,healthy39 man,but his face became very pale 40.He stared in complete astonishment41 at the child and held on to42 the pot for support 43.Not until at least 44 thirty seconds had passed,was the man able to speak45.“What？”he said finally,in a weak voice46.“Please,sir，”replied Oliver,“I w
20、ant some more.”No sooner had the boy spoken these words than 47the warden hit him on the head48 with the soup spoon49.Then he seized 50 Olivers arms and held him,while he shouted for Mr Bumble.47 no sooner.than.刚一就48 hit sb.on the head 打某人的头49 no sooner.than.句式中，no sooner 置于句首时，该句用部分倒装。要注意原句的时态。50 s
21、eize/siz/v.抓住seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊原文呈现读文清障The managers of the workhouse 51 were having a meeting when Mr Bumble rushed into52 the room in great excitement53.Speaking to the leader of the meeting54，he said,“Mr Limbkins,I am sorry,sir!Oliver Twist has asked for more！”51 be doing.when.正在做某事，就在那时(
22、又发生了另一件事)。52 rush into 冲进去53 in great excitement(情绪)非常激动54 现在分词短语 Speaking to the leader of the meeting 作状语。原文呈现读文清障第 47 段译文 管理员是个健壮的胖子，但他的脸一下子变白了。他瞪着这个孩子，完全惊呆了，手抓着锅以求站稳。至少过了 30 秒钟，他才说出话来。“什么？”管理员最后开了口，声音有气无力。“先生，求求你了，我还想要一些。”奥利弗答道。孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。然后他抓住奥利弗的胳膊不放，尖声高呼着本伯先生。济贫院的理事们正在开会，本伯先生冲进房
23、间，情绪十分激动。他对主持会议的人说：“林勃金斯先生，请您原谅！奥利弗特威斯特还要更多！”55 此处为 and 连接两个并列的祈使句。56 that he asked for more 是宾语从句，作 understand的宾语。57 Never have I heard anything like it！是倒装句。never 位于句首引起部分倒装。never 在此为否定副词，引起倒装时，往往借助于相应的助动词。原文呈现读文清障The faces of everyone in the room showed complete astonishment.“For more！”said Mr Li
24、mbkins.“Think carefully,Mr Bumble,and answer me clearly55.Do I understand that he asked for more56，after he had eaten his bowl of soup？”“He did,sir，”replied Bumble.“Never have I heard anything like it！57”said Mr Limbkins.58 hang/h/v.(hanged,hanged)绞死；吊死hang v(hung,hung)悬挂59 that theyll hang him 是宾语从
25、句，作 know 的宾语。60 disagree with 不同意61 take place 发生；进行该短语无被动语态和进行时态。62 lock/lk/v.用锁锁(起来)原文呈现读文清障“Theyll hang 58 that boy，”said a gentleman in a white jacket.“I know that theyll hang him59.”Nobody disagreed with60the gentlemans opinion.A lively discussion took place61.Oliver wasimmediatelylocked 62in a
26、 room.The next morning a notice was put up 63 on the door of the workhouse 64，offering a reward65 to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist66.“I never was more sure of anything in my life，”said the gentleman in the white jacket,as he knocked at the door and read the notice the next morning.“I never w
27、as more sure of 67anything in my life that boy will be hanged.”原文呈现读文清障63 put up 此处指“张贴”布告。64 workhouse/wkhas/n.(英国昔日的)济贫院；贫民习艺所65 reward/rIwd/n.酬谢；奖赏；赏金66 offering a reward to anybody.为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 notice。该状语中又包含了定语 从 句who would employ Oliver Twist。67 be sure of 有把握，确信be certain of 确信第 813 段译文在房间
28、里开会的所有人个个脸上都露出大为惊异的神色。“还要更多！”林勃金斯先生说。“仔细想想，本伯先生，清楚地回答我的话。我该没有听错，你是说他喝了他的那碗汤以后还要更多？”“是这样的，先生，”本伯回答道。“我还从来没听过这样的事呢！”林勃金斯先生说道。“他们会把那个男孩子吊死，”一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说道，“我知道他们会把他吊死。”对这位绅士的观点，谁也没有反驳。理事会进行了一番激烈的讨论。奥利弗立刻被关进一个房间里。第二天早晨，济贫院门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇用奥利弗特威斯特的人提供奖赏。“这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么肯定过呢。”第二天早晨，那个穿着白夹克的绅士一边敲门，一边浏览着这张告示说道
29、，“这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么肯定过那个孩子一定会被吊死。”.Match the word with its meaning.1scene A胃口；食欲2cruel B推开3feed C健康的4serve D抓住5eager E绞死；吊死6appetite F用锁锁(起来)7whisper G酬谢；奖赏；赏金8nudge H低声地说；耳语9desperate I支撑物10healthy J绝望的11support K热切的；渴望的12seize L端上(饭菜等)13hang M喂养；为提供食品14lock N冷酷的15reward O场景；场面答案：15 ONMLK 610 AHBJC 1
30、115 IDEFG.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1We all stared at the picture and tried to find out the secret of its success._2She picked out the bad ones from all the apples._3They disagreed with each other about the time and place of the accident._4In order to spread the news,the sch
31、ool put up a notice on the wall._5Youd better make sure that you have enough food for the journey._盯着挑选出不同意张贴确保6He told me the bad news in a low voice so nobody got it._7I looked at him in astonishment I didnt expect to see him again here._8Dont whisper to each other in the corner.Please say it out
32、loudly._9No sooner had she said it than she burst into tears._10Hold on to the rope,or you will fall off the cliff._用声音（说）；声地惊奇地低声地对某人（说）刚一就紧紧抓住Do you know works of Charles Dickens?Say something about Charles Dickens and his works.Oliver Twist,Great Expectations,A Tale of TwoCities,Hard Times,David
33、CopperfieldCharles Dickens is one of Englands most famousnovelists.Many of his novels are set in London in themiddle of the 19th century.Fast-reading1Match the following paragraphs with their main ideas.(1)Para.1 AResult of Olivers asking for more.(2)Paras.2&3 BProcess of Olivers asking for more.(3)
34、Paras.412 CReason of Olivers asking for more.答案：(1)(3)CBA2The passage is mainly about _.AOlivers happy lifeBOliver and his companions satisfying lifeCOliver and his companions terrible lifeDOlivers study experience答案：C.Careful-readingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1Who served the
35、 soup from the pot at meal times?AOnly the warden.BA man who kept a small cook shop.CThe warden and two other women.DA gentleman in a white jacket.2Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？A.Each of the boys was allowed to have one bowl of soup and 60 grams of bread.BThe boys usually was
36、hed the bowls themselves after each meal.COliver and his companions slowly starved for 3 months.DOliver and his companions found the work in the workhouse very hard.3How did Oliver feel when he was chosen to ask for more food?AExcited.BDesperate.CHopeful.DConfident.4The wardens face became very pale
37、 because he _.Awas a fat manBwas frightenedCcould not standDwas in complete astonishment5How did the managers react to Olivers request for more?AThey thought it was interesting.BThey gave him more food.CThey hit Oliver with a soup spoon.DThey would punish the boy for his request.答案：15 CCBDD.Study-re
38、adingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1He described life in the middle of the 19th century,a period that is now called Victorian,as it is when Queen Victoria ruled Britain.句式分析 尝试翻译 他描述了 19 世纪中期的生活，当时英国正处在维多利亚女王的统治下，现在也称这个时期为维多利亚时期。2Oliver,who was desperate with hunger and miser
39、y,rose from the table and walked towards the master with his bowl and spoon in his hand.句式分析 本句主语是 Oliver，第二个 and 连接rose 和 walked 作谓语，with his bowl and spoon in his hand 是 with 的复合结构作伴随状语。who was desperate with hunger and misery 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Oliver。尝试翻译 奥利弗已经被饥饿与苦难逼得什么都顾不上了，他从桌边站起来，手里拿着碗和汤匙，朝大师傅走去。“课时跟踪检测”见“Module 3 课时跟踪检测（一）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看
