1、Section Grammar&Writing语法 专项突破写作 能力提升didnt need to do 和neednt have doneIn some countries，for example，you have to arrive on time at a party；inother countries，you dont need to.Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift，but in other places，you can takethings，but you neednt if you dont want to.Did the im
2、migration people ask to see your visa?No.I didnt need to get a visa.My American friend Tom spoke good Chinese，so I didnt need to translatethe speech for him.I was the first to get there.I neednt have gone there so early.I offered to help him with the housework and then he told me he hadfinished.I ne
3、ednt have done that.我的结论1例句中need用作动词；例句中need用作动词。2例句和例句中didnt need to do表示“过去没必要，”。3例句和例句中neednt have done表示“过去虽然没必要，”。实义情态实际上也没做某事但实际上已经做了某事一、need的基本用法语境感悟Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a branch inBeijing.马克需要学习汉语，因为他的公司要在北京开一个分公司。The doctor said he needed an operation.医生说
4、他需要手术。A dog needs taking out/to be taken out for a walk every day.狗得每天带出去溜。You neednt finish that work today.你今天不必把那项工作做完。Need he come here?Yes，he must/has to./No，he neednt.“他有必要来吗？”“是的，他必须来。”/“不，他不必来。”知识归纳need用作实义动词，后面可接名词、代词、不定式和动名词，有人称和数的变化。当主语是表示“物”的名词时，用作实义动词的need后接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。need doingneed
5、 to be done用作情态动词，后接动词原形，常用于否定句和疑问句中。即时演练1 单句语法填空The room needs(clean)，but I have time only onSunday.They didnt need(arrive)so early.Dr.Smith said that he(need)no payment for his journey.cleaning/to be cleanedto arriveneeded 二、didnt need to do和neednt have done语境感悟Marys boyfriend drove to pick her up
6、，so she didnt need to take a taxi.玛丽的男朋友开车去接她，因此她没必要打出租了。It was Sunday，so I didnt need to get up early.因为是星期天，所以我没必要早起。You neednt have told him the news.He had already known it.你没必要告诉他那个消息，他早已知道了。You neednt have worked that late last night.It was harmful to your health.你昨晚本来不必工作到那么晚的。那对你的健康有害。知识归纳di
7、dnt need to do 表示过去没必要做某事，实际上也没做。neednt have done表示过去没必要做某事，而实际上做了。即时演练2 完成句子They，so they went home in advance.他们不需要自己去做，所以他们提前回家了。We.There is still an hour left.我们本没必要那么匆忙，还有一个小时的时间。We；it was within walking distance.我们不需要打出租车，步行就可以到达。didnt need to do it themselvesneednt have so hurrieddidnt need to
8、 take a taxi三、情态动词have done的几种形式及其意义语境感悟It must have rained last night，for the ground is still wet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。(对过去的肯定推测)I cant find my purse now.I might have left it in the taxi.我的钱包现在找不到了。我可能把它忘在出租车里了。(对过去的推测，也许/或许做了某事)You couldnt have known about him ten years ago，when he was still unknown.十
9、年前你不可能了解他，那时他还不出名。(对过去的推测，不可能做过某事)You could have used my car yesterday.I didnt use it.你昨天本可以用我的汽车。那时我用不着它。(过去本来能做某事，但没有做)Oh，Mom！You neednt have prepared so much food.Dad and Diana will notcome back for supper.哦，妈妈！你本不必做这么多饭。爸爸和黛安娜不回来吃晚饭了。(过去不必做但做了某事)知识归纳情态动词have done有两层含义：一是表示对过去的推测。must have done表
10、示 过 去 肯 定 做 过 某 事；might have done 表 示 过 去 或 许 做 过 某 事；cant/couldnt have done表示过去不可能做过某事。二是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。should have done表示应该做而没做；could have done表示本来能做但没有做；neednt have done表示没有必要做而做了某事。即时演练3 完成句子Need I come tomorrow?Yes,./No,.我明天需要来吗？是的，你必须来。/不，你没必要来。Youif you are busy.如果忙，你就不必来了。I wonder ifwith me.我想
11、知道是否需要带相机。you mustyou needntneednt comeI need bring a camera.单句语法填空1I neednt(worry)before I came to the new school，formy classmates here are very friendly to me.2John went to the station with the car to meet Mary，so she neednt(walk)back home.3I(not need)to get up early this morning，so I stayed in be
12、duntil 9 am.4You neednt(go)there yesterday.5Your clothes need(wash)have worriedhave walkeddidnt needhave gonewashing/to be washed.完成句子1Hethe work today，because it is not urgent.他没有必要今天就完成这项工作，因为它不着急的。2Itat the door.Its only six oclock.门口不可能是邮递员，(现在)才六点钟。3What sort of house do you want to have？Someth
13、ing big?Well，itthats not important.“你想要什么样的房子？大的吗？”“哦，它没必要大那不重要。”doesnt need to finishcant be the postmanneednt be big4He is not poor.You.他不穷，你本不必借给他钱。5There was plenty of time.You.时间充裕着呢，你不必匆忙。neednt have lent him the moneyneednt have hurried.语法填空Last week，in an unusual way，a stranger treated me wi
14、th generosity.Atan Asian grocery store on a busy evening，I was shopping for the items I needed 1.my voluntary work of cooking breakfast on Saturday at a shelter for the homelessin San Jose.I went to the store 2.(buy)tofu and vegetables.As I3.(wait)in line to finish the purchase，the lady next to me4.
15、(approach)me to find out how I was going to consume the big box of tofuI was buying.Enthusiastically，I replied that I was buying food to cook breakfastfor homeless people.While I was getting ready to pay the bill，to my 5.(amaze)，she offered to pay for everything.Despite multiple requests for 6.(she)
16、name，she responded that she felt good because I was doing the kind of community work which her parents once received help from as they came to this country as 7.(refugee)Hence she wanted to take 8.opportunity to show her gratitude.It was the 9.(good)reward I had ever received for my voluntary work，1
17、0.began three years ago.In a strange way we are all connected and we feel for each other.Thats what I call being a“human”语篇解读 本文讲述的是一个助人为乐的故事。作者去为无家可归者买豆腐和蔬菜，没想到听到这件事的另外一个顾客却为作者付了款，因为她的父母也曾经得到过别人的帮助。1for 考查介词。由语境可知，此处应用for表示目的。此处意为“我在购买我做志愿者工作所需的物品”。2to buy 考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语。句意：我去商店买豆腐和蔬菜。3was wai
18、ting 考查时态。由语境可知，此处描述的是当时正在发生的事，故用过去进行时。4approached 考查时态。分析句子可知，approach此处作谓语，因全文的主体时态为一般过去时，故填approached。5amazement 考查词性转换。此处是“to ones名词”结构，故空格处应用amaze的名词形式，to my amazement“使我大为惊奇的是”。6her 考查代词。此处需要填限定词，故用形容词性物主代词her。7refugees 考查名词。refugee为名词，意为“难民”。此处需填其复数形式refugees。8the 考查定冠词。由语境可知，此处特指当前这个付款的机会，因此
19、用定冠词。9best 考查形容词最高级。由后面表示范围的定语从句“I had everreceived for my voluntary work”可知此处应用最高级形式。10which 考查关系代词。此处which指代my voluntary work，并在非限制性定语从句中作主语。写提供建议的电子邮件写电子邮件应注意以下几点：1电子邮件的格式英文的email大体包括五部分：标题栏(包括发件人的姓名、地址，发件日期，收件人姓名、地址及邮件主题)、称呼、正文、信尾客套话及签名。2提供建议的电子邮件的写作步骤在正文部分，首先写“Very nice to hear from you.”或类似的话语
20、，然后提出具体实用的建议，最后写“I hope this information will be useful.”或者“Looking forward to hearing from you again soon.”等。3写电子邮件需注意的问题电子邮件要写得简明扼要，具有合理性和说服力。同时注意说话的语气要委婉。4串句成篇，连贯通顺正确地选用关联词，如however，whats more，and，but，first，then，after等，使文章过渡自然，和谐统一，增强文章的连贯性、流畅性和可读性。常用句式1开头部分How nice to hear from you again.Let me
21、tell you something about the activity.Im glad to have received your letter of Apr.9th.Im pleased to hear that youre coming to China for a visit.Im writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.2表示建议的句型It is unnecessary for you to do.In my opinion，it would be better.It should be a good
22、 idea to.You will benefit from.As far as I am concerned，youd better.Id like to suggest you that.Whats more，it will be helpful to you that.If I were you，I would.Youd better take some measures to do.Its suggested that.What I want to stress is that.3结尾部分With best wishes.Im looking forward to your reply
23、.Id appreciate it if you could reply earlier.假如你是Mary，你的朋友Simon给你发来邮件向你征求学习英语的方法。请你就下面的内容给他回复，并谈谈自己的想法或建议。1朗读背诵，帮你记忆，并养成用英语思维的习惯；2多听，多交际，可以提高听说能力；3(自己的想法或建议)注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。词句推敲.词汇1记住 2养成习惯3与某人交流4写日记5除此之外；另外6期待，盼望7回信learn sth.by heart/keep sth.in mindform a habit municate with sb.keep a
24、 diaryin additionlook forward toreply.句式()句型转换1首先你要时常朗读英语，尽量记住一些重点知识。First of all，you should often read English aloud and try to learn somethingimportant by heart.To begin with，you should make it a rule to read English aloud often and.try your best to keep something important in mind2用这种方法你就能改进你的听说能
25、力。In this way，you will improve both your listening ability and your spokenEnglish as well.Only in this way.will you get improved not only in your listening abilitybut also in your spoken English()按要求完成句子3另外，你应该多听，多与其他人用英语交流。(用and连接并列句完成句子)Besides，you should listen a lot.4另外，你应该每天用英语写日记，这样你的写作会变得越来越好
26、。Whats more，you should keep a diary in English every day and your writtenEnglish will become better and better.(用定语从句合并句子)and communicate with others in EnglishWhats more，you should keep a diary in English every day，whichwill help your written English.妙笔成篇参考范文Dear Simon，I have received your letter a
27、sking me for advice about learningEnglish.Now Id like to tell you how you should learn English.First of all，you should often read English aloud and try to learn somethingimportant by heart，which helps you to remember them easily and form a goodhabit of thinking in English.Besides，you should listen a
28、 lot and communicatewith others in English.In this way，you will improve both your listening abilityand your spoken English.Whats more，you should keep a diary in English everyday and your written English will become better and better.I hope what Ive said is useful to you.Im looking forward to your good news.Best wishes.Mary
