1、课时分层作业(四).单词拼写1Both involve(包含) somewhat the same basic information.2We will then have a firmer foundation(基础) of fact on which to build theories.3Our institute(研究院) has ordered a great many instruments from the company.4The polluted air and water are harmful(有害的) to peoples health.5I was bothered(烦
2、恼的) about the blister on my hand.6Why do you think others might have an opposing view(观点)?7The child couldnt keep his balance(平衡) on his new bicycle.8We recycle(再利用) all our empty food and drink cans.9His movie of the extinction(灭绝) of dinosaurs is a great success.10Britains future as a leading indu
3、strial(工业的) nation depends on investment.阅读理解AIf you live in Shanghai, Beijing or many other cities，you may see many orange bicycles on the streets these days.These bikes are owned by a company called Mobike.You can order a bike through an app on your phone.When you find a bike, you just scan a QR c
4、ode (扫描二维码) on the bike so you can use it.You dont need to return the bike to a stationyou can park it anywhere.China was known as “the kingdom of bicycles” about 30 years ago.But more people choose to drive cars and catch the subway these days.Bike rental(租赁的) services like Mobike are bringing bike
5、s back.“Back then, I got the feeling that Chinese people were trying to be modern and push away the past.So they did not want to be linked with bicycles，” said Ines Brunn, a German woman who runs a bike store in Beijing.“I do believe changes in peoples tastes will shape new thinking about bikes.”Onl
6、ine rental services are making biking more convenient, but its still not easy to ride bikes in Chinese cities.Cars often take up bicycle lanes(道路)Bikers have to ride next to cars in car lanes, which can be very dangerous.Beijing plans to build over 3，200 km of new bike lanes.Drivers who drive in bik
7、e lanes will be punished.Traffic signs will be put up to better protect bikers.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了现在中国很多城市出现了一种新型的摩拜单车，人们可以通过手机及相应的应用程序扫描二维码使用，它将自行车重新带回中国。而北京计划新建自行车道，以便更好地保护骑自行车的人。1If you want to use a Mobike, Ayou have to scan a QR codeByou dont need to pay for itCyou dont have to return itDyou have to
8、pay for an appA细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When you find a bike，you just scan a QR code on the bike so you can use it.”可知，如果你想使用摩拜单车，你必须扫描二维码，故选A。2Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3?AChina had the most bicycles in the world about 30 years ago.BThere are more bicyclists than motorists thes
9、e days.CMore people are driving cars or taking the subway these days.DBike rental services are becoming more popular.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But more people choose to drive cars and catch the subway these days.”可知，B选项“现在骑自行车的人比开车的人多”不正确，故选B。3What does Ines Brunn mean when she says peoples tastes are changing
10、?AChinese people like modern things.BChinese people like riding bicycles.CPeople in Beijing are changing their tastes.DMore people will start riding bikes.D细节理解题。根据第四段“Back then，I got the feeling that Chinese people were trying to be modern and push away the past.So they did not want to be linked wi
11、th bicycles， said Ines Brunn，a German woman who runs a bike store in Beijing.I do believe changes in peoples tastes will shape new thinking about bikes.”可知，人们品味的改变意味着更多的人将开始骑自行车，故选D。4Which is the best title for the passage?AHow to Use a MobikeBOrange Bikes Will Be FashionableCBringing Back BikesDWhy
12、 Is Beijing Building New Bike Lanes?C标题归纳题。根据文章讲述摩拜单车在中国的使用和流行，及第三段“Bike rental services like Mobike are bringing bikes back.”可知，C项“带回自行车”适合作文章标题，故选C。BA food additive (添加剂) is any substance (物质) that is added to food.Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”. The truth is that all f
13、ood is made up of chemicals.Natural substances like milk，as well as manmade ones like drinks on sale in the market，can be described by chemical formulas.Some chemical substances are indeed harmful，but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.The things we eat can be di
14、vided into natural and manmade substances.Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all manmade ingredients are to be avoided.But many natural chemicals，found in plants and animals，are harmful when eaten，and some laboratorymade substances increase the nutritional value of food.Ot
15、her chemicals have natural and manmade forms that are exactly alike：vitamin C is vitamin C，whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange.Like “chemical”，“manmade” doesnt necessarily mean “not fit to eat”Food additives are used for many reasons.We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we
16、 prepare at home to make them taste better.Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize，thicken，harden，keep wet，keep firm，or improve the appearance of their products.Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious，give it a longer shelf life，and make it more attractive to
17、the consumer，thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe；some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the
18、market.Many people feel theres a risk of eating food to which anything has been added.But food additives are now regulated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) of the federal government，and new additives will go through strict testing before they can be placed on the market.For most people，the
19、chances of developing serious side effects from the longterm use of presently approved (批准) food additives are very small.【语篇解读】本文介绍了食物添加剂的种类和作用，人们对食物添加剂的担忧以及联邦政府为保证食物添加剂的安全所做的努力。5From the passage we can learn that Ait is right to refuse chemicals in foodBall foods have chemical substancesCfood addi
20、tives are harmful to our healthDnatural foods are much safer than manmade onesB细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.”和最后一句“Some chemical substances are indeed harmful，but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.”可知，现在所有食物都含有添加剂，如果一个人拒绝食用任何
21、形式的添加剂，他会发现自己没有东西吃。也就是说所有食物都有化学添加剂的成分。故B正确。6Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AFoods without additives can keep a much longer shelf life.BFoods with more additives have higher nutritional value.CTo ensure food safety，the FDA will stop food additives.DFood additives can improve
22、the quality of foods in many ways.D细节理解题。根据第四段“Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious，give it a longer shelf life，and make it more attractive to the consumer，thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.”可知，添加剂让食物的味道更好，可以提高产品的外形，更吸引消费者，更方便，更有营养。说明添加剂可以在很多方面提高食物的品质。故D正确。7Acco
23、rding to the writer，the food additive is ApoisonousBworryingCavoidable DacceptableD推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，食物添加剂受到联邦政府的严格控制并经过严格的测试，对人的副作用会很小。也就是说作者认为食物添加剂还是可以接受的。故选D。.阅读七选五Scientists often see the first ten years of a childs life as the “window of opportunity”. 1 And studies show that the following acti
24、vities can benefit their brain greatly. 2 Free playtime has always been an important part of “being a kid”，but it is also important to a childs development.“Free play” not only helps kids develop different skills，it also helps them develop into happy healthy adults in the future.Read with kidsReadin
25、g has long been known to improve childrens intelligence. 3 For parents who dont have much time, just surrounding your kids with books goes a long way too.Put kids to bed early 4 Preschool children should get at least eleven hours of sleep and kids up to age 12 should try to get at least ten hours of
26、 sleep.Learn a second languageEarly studies in this field have shown that bilingual(双语的)kids can perform better under pressure.Young children can learn new languages with nearly perfect fluency(流利)and pronunciation.Praise good effort not intelligenceYour kids may be smart but you should mainly prais
27、e the effort they put into tasks.Kids，who are praised on intelligence，often feel it is a fixed quality，and mistakes or failures badly hurt their selfconfidence.Kids who are praised on effort often focus more on learning. 5 APlay some helpful games.BGive them enough playtime.CAnd they are not afraid
28、to fail and try again.DKids still need time away from the TV to do homework.EKids who read often develop earlier writing and number skills as well.FEverything at this time is very important to the development of a persons brain.GStudies show that kids with regular bedtimes are better at languages，ma
29、th and reading.【语篇解读】本文讲述了在很小的时候对孩子的教育的重要性，文章就此给出了几个建议。1F根据前句“Scientists often see the first ten years of a childs life as the window of opportunity”可知，人生的前10年很重要，做的每一件事情对人脑的发展都会起着很重要的作用。故F项符合上下文。2B根据本段第一句“Free playtime has always been an important part of being a kid”可知，玩耍的时间对孩子来说特别重要，告诉我们要给孩子足够的时间
30、。3E根据前句“Reading has long been known to improve childrens intelligence.”可知，大量的阅读对孩子有很多的作用，故E项符合上下文。4G根据下一句“Preschool children should get at least eleven hours of sleep and kids up to age 12 should try to get at least ten hours of sleep.”可知，有规律的睡眠时间的孩子在很多方面发展得较好。故G正确。5C根据前一句“Kids who are praised on effort often focus more on learning.”可知，被表扬的孩子更加关注学习，他们不害怕失败，愿意多次尝试。故C项符合上下文。
