1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China随着世界各地“孔子学院”的不断涌现，孔子成为中国古代文化代表人物之一。耳熟能详的论语十则，出类拔萃的三千弟子，这些都使得孔子笼上一层耀眼的光环。让我们沿着孔子生活的历程，探索一下他的人生轨迹吧。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaOne of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher named Confucius
2、(551 BC479 BC)He sometimes went by the name of Kong Zi though he was born Kong Qiu,styled(命名，称呼)Zhong Ni.He was born in Zouyi(Qufu today)in the state of Lu.Confuciuss father died three years after Confucius was born,leaving the family in poverty,but Confucius nevertheless(然而)received a fine educatio
3、n.He got married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters.He workedModule 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinaas a keeper of a market.Then he got a farm worker who took care of parks and farm animals.When he was 20,he worked for the governor(统治者)of his district.Confucius is
4、 famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings that helped many people learn about the world,nature,and human behaviour.He also helped the government and the ruler by teaching them lessons on how the ruler should rule his kingdom successfully.Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions
5、of Ancient ChinaIt is commonly known that ancient China had a greateffect on the world.And many great people and great inventionsof ancient China still influence the world.Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaSection Introduction&Reading and VocabularyComprehendingModule 5 Grea
6、t People and Great Inventions of Ancient China栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China重点单词写作词汇1._ n 秩序2._ n.职位3._ vt.强调4._ n.仁爱orderpositionstresslove栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China拓展词汇5._ adj.平等
7、的equality n平等equally adv.平等地6._ n重要；重要性important adj.重要的7._ n善良kind adj.善良的 8._ adj.有影响的influence n&v影响equalimportancekindnessinfluential栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China阅读词汇9.philosopher n _10.philosophy n._ 11.teaching n._ 12.thinker n._13.pri
8、nciple n _14.resign vi._ 15.adviser n._哲学家哲学(常作复数)教导；学说思想家原则；准则辞职顾问栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China重点短语1._ 与相似2._与交战 3._养育；抚养4._ 采纳某人的建议5._因而出名 6._结果be similar tobe at war withbring upfollow ones advicebecome famous foras a result栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能
9、演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China重点句型1.the way(in which/that)定语从句：Treat others in _(你想被别人对待的方式).2.the reason why.is that.的原因是：Mencius believed that _(人类区别于动物的原因是)man is good.3.it was a time定语从句，意为“是一个时期”：But_(那 也 是 一 个 时 期)there were many great philosophers.t
10、he way the reason why man is different from animals is thatit was also a time whenyou want to be treated栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaRead the text and do some True(T)or False(F)questions.1.Confucius is the most influential philosopher in Chi
11、nese history.()2.Both Mencius and Mozi were students of Confucius.()3There are some similarities among the ideas of Confucius,Mencius and Mozi.()答案：13.TFT栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaRead the text carefully and choose the best answer accordi
12、ng to the text.1What is the main idea of Confucius according to the passage?AKindness,duty and order in society are very important.BGovernments are more important than people.CAll men are created equal.DAll men are born good.栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of
13、Ancient China2“If the government was kind,then people would be good.”is the teaching of _AMencius BConfuciusCMozi DXunzi3From the passage we can infer that _Agreat people are born in poor familiesBdifferent teachings lead to warCit takes time before a belief is accepted by othersDMencius was a stude
14、nt of Confucius栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China4Whats the main idea of the passage?ATeachings of ancient Chinese thinkers.BThree great philosophers of ancient China.CInteresting stories about the three philosophers.DThe history of ancient Chine
15、se philosophy.答案：14.AACB栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.翻译 孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯
16、关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China2He believed that people were more important than rulers,and hated the state when it treated people badly.本句是并列句。and 连接 believed 和 hated 两个_，前一分句是 that 引导的_从句，后一分句含有 when 引导的_从句。谓语宾语时间状语翻译 他认为人民比统治者更重要，憎恨对人民残暴的政权。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松
17、闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinabe at war with“与交战”，表示处于战争的状态。a time 一个时期，一段时间stressstresvt.强调orderdn.秩序in society 在社会中society“社会”，其前一般不用冠词。但 in the old society“在旧社会”等例外。be similar to 与相似；to 为介词。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Invent
18、ions of Ancient Chinathose 为替代词，替代前面出现的 teachings，相当于 the teachings。bring up 养育；抚养was brought up 为被动语态。positionpzInn.职位follow ones advicetake ones advice 接受/采纳某人的建议resignrIzaInvi.辞职principleprInspln.原则；准则栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinaadviserd
19、vaIzn.顾问influentialInfluenladj.有影响的unusual adj.异乎寻常的；与众不同的behaviour nU行为；举止found v创立；建立foundfoundedfounded栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinain some ways 在某些方面belief n信念；相信动词形式是 believe；反义词为 disbelief。lovelvn.仁爱21 look after 照顾；照料栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻
20、松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaPhilosophers of Ancient ChinaAncient China was a place where states were often at war with each otherBut it was also a time when there were many great philosophers Confucius(551 BC 479 BC)is the philosopher whose influence has be
21、en the greatestHe stressedthe importance of kindness，duty and order in society.Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2，000 years.栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinawhere states were often at war with each other 是 where 引导的定语从
22、句，修饰 a place，where 在从句中作地点状语。when there were many great philosophers 是 when 引导的定语从句，修饰 a time，when 在从句中作时间状语。whose influence has been the greatest 是 whose 引导的定语从句，whose 在从句中作定语。该定语从句使用了现在完成时态。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaMencius was a thinke
23、r whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.Mencius was born in 372 BC.His father died when he was young,and he was brought up by his mother.He became a student of Confuciuss ideas,and was then given an important positionin the government of a state.However,when he saw that the ruler w
24、as not following his advice，he resigned.For many years he travelled from state to state,teaching the principles of ConfuciusHe then became an adviser to another ruler.He spent his last years preparing 栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinaa book of h
25、is teachings called The Book of Mencius.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.He taught that if the government was kind，then people would be good.He believed that people were more important than rulers,and hated the state when it treated people badly.
26、现在分词短语 teaching.作伴随状语。He spent.preparing.中含有 spend time(in)doing sth.结构；过去分词短语 called The Book of Mencius 作后置定语，修饰 a book。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaMozi was another teacher who was very influential.Born in 476 BC,he came from a family whi
27、ch was very poor.He became famous for his unusual clothes and behaviour.Mozi foundedthe philosophy called Mohism.In some ways，his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius.For example,he considered that government was most important.As a result,he spent many years trying to find a state where peopl
28、e would follow his teachings.Mozi believed that all men were equal.His 栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chinaidea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness.Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after21 those who ar
29、e weaker than ourselves.He hated the idea of war.Mozi died in 390 BC.栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China古代中国的哲学家古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争，但那也是一个产生了许多伟大哲学家的时期。孔子(公元前 551 年公元前 479 年)是影响最大的哲学家。他强调仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。中国社会受这些思想的影响长达 2 000 多年。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导
30、引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China孟子是一位思想家，他的理论和孔子的理论很相似。孟子生于公元前 372 年。他幼年丧父，由母亲抚养长大。他学习了孔子的学说，后来在一个诸侯国的政府内身居要职。然而，当他看到统治者不采纳他的意见时，就辞去了官职。他周游列国多年，传授孔子的思想，后来成了另一位统治者的谋士。他把余生都用来准备写一本关于他学说的书，名为孟子。孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。他告诫人们，假若政府仁慈，人民就会有善行。他认为人民比统治者更重要，憎恨对人民残暴的政权。栏目导引教材助读解
31、疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China墨子是另一位极具影响力的先哲。他生于公元前 476 年，出身贫寒。他因不修边幅、行为怪异而闻名。墨子创立了被称为“墨家学说”的哲学理论。他的学说在某些方面和孔子的学说相似。例如，他认为政府最重要。因此，他花了许多年的时间试图寻找一个人们愿意遵从他思想的国家。墨子认为，人生来平等。他的仁爱思想与孔子的仁爱思想不同。墨子告诫人们要博爱，要照顾弱者。他憎恨那种战争的观点。墨子于公元前390 年去世。栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China栏目导引教材助读解疑清障知能演练轻松闯关 自学导引语篇理解Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放
