1、单元加餐练.阅读理解Charles Darwin lived an unusually quiet life. In 1842, Darwin and his wife Emma moved from London to Kent in southern England to have as little disturbance(烦扰)as possible. They already had two children then, and would go on to have eight more in the country.Darwin, had very regular habits.
2、 He rose early and went for a walk. After breakfast he worked in his study until 9：30 am, his most productive time of the day, and then read his letters lying on the sofa before returning to work.At midday he would go for another walk with his dog, stopping at his greenhouse to check his experiments
3、. Then he would go for another walk around an area of woodland. While walking on his “thinking path”， Darwin would consider his unsolved scientific problems.After lunch he read the newspaper and wrote letters. His network of friends provided information from all corners of the world.The Darwins were
4、 not very strict parents and the children were always seen running wild. Their father worked patiently with a background of happy shouts and little footsteps walking past his study door.After dinner Darwin played backgammon(a game for two people to play)with his wife. He once wrote, “Now the result
5、with my wife in backgammon stands like this: she.has won only 2,490 games, while I have won, hurrah(a cheer of joy or victory), hurrah, 2,795 games！”Although he had poor health, Darwin continued to publish a lot of creative works until his final book in 1881. He died the following year, aged 73.Rath
6、er than a quiet space in the local churchyard, which he called “the sweetest place on Earth”， Darwin was given a state funeral(国葬)in Londons Westminster Abbey.本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了英国著名科学家达尔文宁静的个人生活。1Why did the Darwins move to Kent?ATo do more experiments.BTo cut their cost of living.CTo enjoy more peacefu
7、lness. DTo be together with their children.答案：C解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的moved from London to Kent in southern England to have as little disturbance(烦扰) as possible可知，达尔文夫妇搬家是为了免受外界的打扰，以享受更多的宁静。故选C。2What did Darwin do every day?AHe studied in the forest. BHe started to work at 9：30 am.CHe wrote letters in the
8、morning. DHe examined his experiments.答案：D解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的At midday he would go for another walk with his dog, stopping at his greenhouse to check his experiments可知，达尔文每天会去查看实验的进展情况。故选D。3What did Darwins children probably think of him?AStrict.BKind. CCold.DBrave.答案：B解析：推理判断题。由第五段中的The Darwins were no
9、t very strict parents可推知，在孩子们眼里，父亲达尔文应该很温和。故选B。4What is this text mainly about?ADarwins scientific achievements. BDarwins unusual state funeral.CDarwins personal life. DDarwins large family.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。首段第一句即文章主旨句Charles Darwin lived an unusually quiet life。本文描写了英国著名科学家达尔文宁静的个人生活。故选C。.七选五How to imp
10、rove your perseverance(毅力)If youre familiar with the story of the hare and the tortoise, you know that the tortoise proved that perseverance is much more important than speed. _1_， but fewer people have the patience and perseverance of the tortoise. Here are some tips that can help you to improve yo
11、ur perseverance.Set goals(确定目标)and write them down.If you dont know what you want to accomplish(完成), its hard to persevere until you do. _2_， instead of making many projects(项目)that may upset you._3_， and cross each step off the list as you complete it.If you want to master the ability to cook Germa
12、n dishes, youll need to read cookbooks, study the recipes(食谱), buy ingredients(食料)and practice making the dishes. Write down all these steps and remove each step as you go.Make a list of the rewards(回报)related to any project to encourage yourself to persevere.When you want to lose 40 pounds, it may
13、seem like a difficult goal. _4_. You can lower your blood sugar or fit into your favorite pair of jeans. Keep those rewards in mind to encourage yourself to stick to your diet and exercise program.Imagine your success.Take time each day to sit back, relax and picture the life youll lead once youve r
14、eached your goal._5_. Read them over several times a day to encourage yourself to keep going.ALike the hare, many people start off strongBAnd you should focus on every step carefullyCYou cant lose weight only by going on a dietDMake a list of the steps needed to reach your goalEBut there are big rew
15、ards for doing soFChoose one or two goals that are most important to you and work toward thoseGOr you can write out a paragraph or two about how reaching your goal will change your life本文是一篇说明文。文章从龟兔赛跑谈到坚持的重要性。给出如何提高毅力的方法。1A解析：根据下文“but fewer people have the patience and perseverance of the tortoise”
16、，可知很多人像兔子一样出发的时候都很强，故选A。2F解析：根据上句“If you dont know what you want to accomplish, its hard to persevere until you do”，可知要选择一两个对你来说重要的目标，故选F。3D解析：根据本段中的“cross each step off the list as you complete it”，可知本处应为“列出你要达到目标的步骤”。故选D。4E解析：根据下句“You can lower your blood sugar or fit into your favorite pair of je
17、ans”，可知“这么做有很大的回报”符合语境。故选E。5G解析：根据下句“Read them over several times a day to encourage yourself to keep going”，可知“或者你可以写下一两段关于达到目标会怎么改变你的生活”符合语境。故选G。.完形填空Reggie couldnt hear a thing. He was a _1_ boy, but he had been born deaf. He was wellknown to everyone in town, and they were all _2_ him. Unfortuna
18、tely, though, he _3_ seemed to end up being treated differently from everyone else. Children worried they would _4_ him, and that maybe because he wouldnt hear the ball being hit in his _5_. Adults acted like he was unable to _6_ them, as though he was some kind of baby.His friend Michael didnt like
19、 this. He decided that things had to be _7_. Michaels father was the towns mayor(镇长), and Michael _8_ to convince him that this year, in honor of Reggie, they should offer one day of the _9_ to deaf people. During that whole day everyone would have to wear earplugs(耳塞)People liked the _10_. The day
20、became known as The Day of Silence, and when it arrived, everyone stuck plugs in their _11_， in a spirit of great fun. That morning was filled with _12_ and laughter. But, as the hours passed, people became more and more aware of how _13_ life was when they couldnt hear anything.On that day nobody w
21、as thinking of Reggie as just a _14_ person. This meant he could be _15_ just like any other boy, and people saw a whole new side of _16_. Not only that, but Reggie had a bright and sharp mind. On that day, using his usual _17_， Reggie was the one who could communicate best with everyone. This meant
22、 that people paid more attention to what he was saying, and they were _18_ by his intelligence and his ability to find solutions to almost any problem. They _19_ that he had always been like that, and that in normal life all Reggie needed was a little more time than others to _20_. That was the only
23、 difference.这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了人们为了帮助一个失聪的小男孩而设立了一个特殊节日的故事。1A.healthy Bpoor Cnormal Dbrave答案：C解析：考查形容词辨析。A.healthy健康的；B.poor贫穷的；C.normal 正常的；D.brave勇敢的。句意：他是一个正常的男孩， 但是他天生就失聪。这里表示雷吉在其他方面与其他孩子一样正常，只不过天生就失聪。故C选项切题。2A.close to Bfond of Cstrict with Dthankful for答案：B解析：考查形容词短语辨析。A.close to接近；B.fond of 喜欢；C.
24、strict with对严格；D.thankful for感谢。句意：城里的人都知道他，他们都很喜欢他。由下文“人们同意为雷吉设立一个节日”可知人们都喜欢雷吉。所以be fond of “喜欢”符合句意。故B选项切题。3A.seldom Bnever Csometimes Dalways答案：D解析：考查副词辨析。A.seldom很少；B.never决不；C.sometimes有时；D.always一直。句意：然而，不幸的是，他总是被别人区别对待。由上文可知雷吉耳朵听不见， 故此处指的是人们总是有区别地对待他。所以always符合句意。故D选项切题。4A.hurt Bcheat Cpunish
25、 Dshock答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.hurt伤害；B.cheat欺骗；C.punish惩罚；D.shock使震惊。句意：孩子们担心他们会伤害到他，也许是因为他听不到朝他击来的球的声音。故A选项切题。5A.home Bdirection Cclassroom Dcar答案：B解析：考查名词辨析。A.home家；B.direction方向；C.classroom教室；D.car汽车。句意：孩子们担心他们会伤害到他，也许是因为他听不到朝他击来的球的声音。in ones direction朝向某人，符合句意。故B选项切题。6A.understand Bencourage Cprotect D
26、support答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.understand明白；B.encourage鼓励；C.protect保护；D.support支持。句意：大人们觉得雷吉不能明白他们的意思，好像他是某种婴儿。因为雷吉听不见，所以大人们觉得与他沟通不是很顺畅，导致大人们觉得雷吉不能明白他们的意思。故A选项切题。7A.worked Bchanged Cacted Dprepared答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。A.worked工作；B.changed改变；C.acted行动；D.prepared准备。句意：他决定必须改变这种状况。由前文可知人们总是区别地对待雷吉，所以迈克尔决定改变这种对雷吉不利的状况
27、。故B选项切题。8A.managed Bprepared Chelped Dlearned答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.managed管理；B.prepared准备；C.helped帮助；D.learned学习。句意：迈克尔的父亲是该镇的镇长，迈克尔设法说服他，今年应该为雷吉设立一天作为节日。此处指的是迈克尔设法说服了他的父亲。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”符合句意。 故A选项切题。9A.journey Bterm Cweek Dfestival答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。A.journey旅程；B.term学期；C.week周；D.festival节日。句意：迈克尔的父
28、亲是该镇的镇长，迈克尔设法说服他，今年应该为雷吉设立一天作为节日。把这天设立为节日是希望人们能够认真对待这一天，并提醒人们更好地了解失聪的人。故D选项切题。10A.excuse Bcourse Cidea Dgame答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。A.excuse借口；B.course课程；C.idea主意；D.game游戏。句意：人们赞同这个想法。由上文可知，镇长决定为雷吉设立一天作为节日。所以人们赞同这个想法。故C选项切题。11A.clothes Bhands Crooms Dears答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。A.clothes衣服；B.hands手；C.rooms房间；D.ears耳朵。句
29、意：这一天被称为“沉默日”，当它到来时，每个人都带着极大的乐趣把耳塞塞进耳朵里。由上文中的“During that whole day everyone would have to wear earplugs(耳塞). ”可知， 此处指的是在耳朵里面塞上耳塞。故D选项切题。12A.victories Bmeals Cjokes Dlessons答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。A.victories胜利；B.meals饭菜；C.jokes笑话；D.lessons课。句意：那天早晨充满了玩笑和笑声。由下文“laughter”可知那天早晨充满了玩笑和笑声。故C选项切题。13A.difficult Bda
30、ngerous Cshort Duseless答案：A解析：考查形容词辨析。A.difficult困难的；B.dangerous危险的；C.short短的；D.useless无用的。句意：但是，随着时间的流逝，人们越来越意识到当他们什么也听不见的时候生活是多么的艰难。由下文“when they couldnt hear anything”可知，他们什么也听不见。所以他们感觉到生活很困难。故A选项切题。14A.stupid Bdeaf Crude Dnegative答案：B解析：考查形容词辨析。A.stupid愚蠢的；B.deaf聋的；C.rude 粗鲁的；D.negative消极的。句意：那天
31、，没有人认为雷吉是一个失聪的人。由上文描述可知雷吉是个听不见的人。故B选项切题。15A.treated Btaught Ccomforted Dfed答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。A.treated对待；B.taught教；C.comforted安慰；D.fed喂养。句意：这意味着他可以像其他男孩一样被对待，人们看到了他全新的一面。故A选项切题。16A.themselves Bhim Citself Dthem答案：B解析：考查代词辨析。A.themselves他们自己；B.him他；C.itself 它自己；D.them他们。句意：这意味着他可以像其他男孩一样被对待，人们看到了他全新的一面。这
32、里指雷吉全新的一面，所以介词of后接him。故B选项切题。17A.words Btelephones Ctools Dgestures答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。A.words单词；B.telephones电话；C.tools工具；D.gestures手势。句意：那天，雷吉用他惯用的手势，是与大家交流的最好的人。根据常识可知，听不到的人通常用手势来表达自己的想法。故D选项切题。18A.frightened Bembarrassed Csurprised Damused答案：C解析：考查形容词辨析。A.frightened害怕的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.surprised惊讶的；D
33、.amused愉快的。句意：这意味着人们更加关注他所说的话，他们对他的智慧和他找到几乎能解决任何问题的方案的能力感到惊讶。由前文可知，人们总是区别对待雷吉，孩子们怕伤到他，大人们觉得他不明白大人的意思，但是在“沉默日”这天，人们对他的智慧和他找到几乎能解决任何问题的方案的能力感到惊讶。故C选项切题。19A.proved Breported Cremembered Drealized答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。A.proved证明；B.reported 报告；C.remembered记得；D.realized意识到。句意：他们意识到他一直就是那样。他们意识到雷吉在日常生活中只是比别人多需要一点时
34、间来交流。由前文可知，人们总是区别地对待雷吉，孩子们怕伤到他，大人们觉得他不明白大人的意思，但是在“沉默日”这天，人们对他的智慧和他找到几乎能解决任何问题的方案的能力感到惊讶。所以人们开始意识到雷吉在日常生活中只是比别人多需要一点时间来交流。所以realize符合句意。故D选项切题。20A.watch Beat Ccommunicate Dwalk答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。A.watch看；B.eat吃；C.communicate交流；D.walk走。句意：他们意识到他一直就是那样。他们意识到雷吉在日常生活中只是比别人多需要一点时间来交流。人们以前区别对待雷吉的原因在于与他的沟通很少，但是现
35、在他们意识到雷吉在日常生活中只是比别人多需要一点时间来交流。故C选项切题。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。For many years the school system in Finland has been very successful. In the PISA survey, which compares reading, math and science knowledge of 15yearolds around the world, Finland is not only the top European country but also compe
36、tes with Asian giants like Shanghai, Singapore and South Korea. But what makes the educational system in this small country so different from others in the western countries?Until the 1960s, most Finlands most students left school after six years. In the middle of the 1960s, the Finnish government s
37、aw the need to change and modernize their education system if they want to be internationally competitive. Lawmakers made a simple decision: a basic school for all the 7 to 16yearolds. Compulsory (义务的) education begins at 7. The government makes it possible for all children to attend preschool as we
38、ll.Most of Finlands schools get their money from the government. The people who are in charge of the education system, from teachers to officials are trained teachers, not politicians like in other countries.Teachers work with their pupils in school as much as possible. When teachers are not with th
39、e pupils, they spend a lot of time in schools working on the curriculum (课程) and new projects. Schools in Finland are small, at least for international standards. So teachers know every pupil in their school and try everything to succeed with their pupils. In contrast to other nations, Finland selec
40、ts its teachers very carefully: only talented teachers go on to a university and receive a masters degree in education. Finland only takes the best to educate its youth.All Finnish children, whether they come from the city or the country, whether from a rich or poor family, have the same chances in
41、education. There are not so many differences between the wealthy and the poor, as in America or other Western European countries. Edcuation experts say that there is very little difference between very good and the worst students. Two thirds of Finnish pupils move on to higher education, the highest
42、 rate in the European Union.Why_has_the_Finnish_educational_system_been_more_successful_than_those_of_other_Western_countries?_(要点1)_The_success_is_mainly_due_to_its_compulsory_education_for_both_school_and_preschool_children._(要点2)_Additionally,_the_government_finances_the_schools,_and_professionals_manager_the_system._(要点3)_Teachers,_carefully_chosen_and_well_educated,_also_devote_themselves_to_education._(要点4)_Another_reason_is_that_children_share_equal_opportunities_and_similar_results_for_education._(要点5)
